Design Of Sections Subjected to B.M. Only Using Chart first principles JN g5\55 4+ dette charts otc oo 9 s babes) p53) By) Se JalBUI 5 prercll dylee rand compression WU yayeall sls yaJl oe Gl yulul gle dati charts JI ele 40 R-See. + Ag debts ase gle CULM uying ¥ y Jaldtns ISS T-Sec. L-Sec. As charts Jb pad first principles » pract!! Su of Lu first principles Jk pac >Concept Of Beam Design Gebel pdm oS g AG sSIl se Vl pted ge yl) ppanas + lagle Bg of See p5e 5ST deglied p53! SLUM! yo y Critical Sections yud Ql SleUatll oS gb pacd » + ggle Moment 451 5 ylin moment 5ST Lule 3h GU! Aeglhed 453 WI aytoll dueS y cUlaKll sles! sos GleUladll ode prevail + CUatl ple sul moment JI aby ain aS 4 PULM! Me slosh yadty yl SLUT YI LS 3 + GUAM! Ide ate due + dbestinn Les J3} moment Lane 59S OF Safe SeLhU) ySl gl Mey yaad — " \ TL OND ON Mus, Muu. stale spat Moy 7, acta gUatIl pacts a + paaetll go Ob Ag ga YS dad sans 9 D ans yop L welds | ette As It aso eas Days vu! 151 My pasgltd eS Ag JI gStus entee Ob aS Uyis! 131 4 ha >® To get «dy M, up, tout tension force. My, = 0.67 fou ab(d- % My1,~ 0.67 fe (@.ac) b(d- 0.8C 2 )-0.67 ® (0.8) ¢ (d-0.4c) foub Myz,- 0.67 ® (0.8)ed (1-0.4 2) fou b Multiply by ¢ My,- 0.67 ® (0.8) £ (1-04 2) fun b a? a Take oberg (1- oa) f _ * Muu. ~ \F 067 @® ang (1-04 £) fod + poe Cy = 1 0.67 ® (0.8) & (1-04 £) yo Factor depends c G on (a) c d >@ To get (Asy M,,, about compression force. My, - A, (d-% Mus, - § As (d-252) My, - fy A, (d-0.4c) My, - 4 Ae (1-042) My, - 1 (1-042) Asfy d iL. = Bs \ v\ My..- JA, fyd Ns "c we dad d _ Mo. s = —_* Jf,d| LioCiraJ Chart Cran.Important Notes At @= Qmax, —> £ = Cmas. dd YE gaa = VA gepeaall sgt Yeulal ales, | Cmar/d Hinax Rinax 240 0.50 8.56x10 “fy 0.214 350 0.45 5.28x10 + fu, 0.198 400 0.42 431x10*f., 0.187 420 0.41 4.01x10" fay 0.184 For fy= 240 n/mné —, At Cues 0.5 —» C,=2.64 For fy=350 n/mm? —» At Cmas = 0.45 —> Cy = 2.76 For fy 400 n/m? —» At mst = 0.42» Cy = 2.83 For £y= 420 n/m? —» At Gmas = 0.41» C= 2.85 - 2 . If Cr< 2.64 for fy =240 n/m? op. section will be If Cy< 2.76 for fy- 350 N/mm Over Reinforced If C,< 2.83 for y= 400 N/mmé |“ Increase If C;<2.85 for Fy = 420 n/mmt_| ° “** As 2.83 ee 9 Mag Uhall lhe dato) Aa 3 otely gS Lila Jaan) (See If C,< 2.88 —-» The section is Over reinforced Ci< 2.76Amin=0.19L| If CDS Amin #40 = Amin 6 CH1.250 Crnin= 1.25 Amin = 0.125+0 1 Cy = V 0.67(5-)(0.8) & (1-04 £) = 4.85 -~1(1-04£)_ “5 (1-045) - 0.826 If Cy>4.85 + & 5 < Se take, C _Cmin take, ¢, _ 4.85 If C,>4.85 @ C,=4.85 *, 7 ~0.826 «| If C,>4.85 ke J =0.826 «| If C,>4.85 tke J =0.826 . If Cr< 2.83 —-» The section is Over reinforced Ci< 2.76 &hi na 569°0 59°2) 9008"0 pyr ANS M15 = pp | lezstecstezr| Ta W Ui a ofs| N ‘TAY 802'0| 222 |S20F0 §12°0| 92°2| 00SF'0 242°0| B22 | 92890 42z-0| ee2|0ser0 922°0| S82 |Szi¥'0 082°0| 68° |000%'0 Pp ¥6L0| 262 |SL850 os'0 oro 020 S81'0= a oro 682°0| 96°2|0528°0 . 2 eo |842°0| 00°8 | 9298°0 +80 0° [262°0| 908 00980 292'0| OFS | 94860 280 G's | 992°0| $48 09880 092°0| 085 |Sz18°0 y +g [992°0| 92°6 [0008°0 080 os 692°0| 28°S|9282"0 $22 °0| 85'S [05420 84'0 9S |8220| SFE | 92920 282'0| 69'S [00920 +p | 982°0| $9°S | S282"0 seo 7 9’? | rez0| 026 [05220 962°0| 62'S |Sziz"0 420 Ss [oowo 00070| +08 0| 20> | 92810 “ +g [808°0| St*¥ [09210 4° os £18°0| 62°F | $2910 + vo [42901 97°F 00970 04°0 99 rer ol vor |se8F 0. 928°0| $8" | 09210 89'0 os! pli9| 2 ° 2 sFlexure Members 97 | 000s'0 PP ig% | si8r'0 PP oLz | Oszr'O os‘ ov 080 oz"0 oro ze | sear woke 2 nv TEs + — o0'z see | o03v'0 =: " oS alt | suevo — ii! — — 7 i T t zz | ostro z90 saa pp — —+} os'z soz | SziP0 BED £ $—t + os'e 9x0 : + oor + == v0 - Sif 3 E itt ogy 4 p.fe 3 — ey BS f F z0 t "4 5W os ath — ovo pa tw] =P - 09's a iF f ——— I t09 T BIGYONOD GNV 7331S JO SGNDI Tiv Os TD (Bumivd NOISNSL) SONOS OINLNSOO3 @ ONIGNSd SIdWIS YO SLUVHO NOISAG LOAIT ALVWILIN€-7)LAVHO LZ-z@ abog spy ubssag Soom ECCS 203-2001 Design AidsDesign Of Rectangular Section Type Given: f,,; f, »>bO5My, Req: d,Ags Solution. To get the most economic section For R-Sec. take |Cy=3.50| » |J= 0.78 For T-Sec. & L-Sec. take |v 3.5 -Catoulate OL from d="c, Moe _ Hm wighy oo gs84 ob fou b -Take t= A+ 50mm -Caleulate As from As = Mos =V mk 1 Seat ds — Check As, oveExample. fou= 25 N\mné — fy = 350 M\mné b =0.25m My,,= 300 kN.m Req: Get d,Ag - Take C; between (3.0—+ 4.0) Cy = 3.5 Cy =8.5 - From Design Aids C,;& J chatr Contr detrmine J = 0.78 = da a 6 -Caleulate d =C, \/ Mu _ 35 \/-200-210° = 766.8 mm fob 25 +250 rake [d=s00mm) , -Caleulate Ag= Mos, ___300 +10" _ 1433.1mm? 0.78 * 350+ 766.8 —Check As Ast 1433.1 mm VFcu v25. 2 Panin O@ ~ (as2s.5et)ba- (0226-125) 260 +800 = 642.8 mm ~As >, ba ‘req. « Take As-As,_ = 1433.1 mane ©Type @ Given: f..,» y? b,d;, My, Req: As ’ As if required Solution. £ d a -Calculate Cy from d =C, Ves —_— Cy =v Comin d -From C; detrmine J from charts. s= Mo. 0.826 fy a Take QOIf ¢,>4.85 —» < Som Take J = 0.826 and check Asmin @If 2.78 J and check A sinin &_ 2 @ If C,< 2.64 sor fy= 240 N/mm? _ she aeotion te C,< 2.76 for fy- 350 N/mane Over reinforced C,< 2.83 for f= 400 N/mm? | Increase Or use Ag C,< 2.85 for fy- 420 | 2.83 yr g dagliall gle ayutod day yB odely dad dade Yumi) See If C,< 2.83 —-» The section is Over reinforced If the section is over reinforced, we have two solutions: @ Increase dimensions (Get Anew)@ Use As by using first principles. — Calculate O, = 0.8 (2) C, = 0.8(2) [ wor EAE +d] — Caleulate My, - 0.67 fox Oma b (d -Lmexz ‘max be 2 — Calculate A M= Myi-Mu1. moe —Caleulate As from |A M= fy 4, (d-d) —Calculate As from |As= He d+Ag YE gt — TVA gyenall ol 240 0.50 8,56x10 fi, 0.214 350 0.45 5,28x10 “ fe, 0.198 400 0.42 4.31x10“ fy 0.187 420 0.41 4.01x10" fa, 0.184 @iAs<¢0.4As_ -.0.k. @yAs>0.4As _ -.Increase the depthExample. f,,,= 30N\mm? , fy= 400 w\mn? , My, = 300 kw.m b =250mm A=600 mm = 500 mm = 1000 mm Req: Calculate As , Ag If required. Solution. @ d = 600 mm 6 dae, \/Me +. 600=C; \/-300*10 _, ¢,=3.0 foub 30 * 250 - From charts C,=3.0—+ J = 0.743 ée v Ag=Mos_ _ __300+10°__ _ 1652.3 mnk J fy d 0.743 « 400+ 600 — Check Agmin Agygq, = 1682.3 mnt VFeu v3 Panin 0 = (0.226 ee d= (a226+ a ) 250 #600 = 462.1 mnt A Sreq. > Benin? a — Take Ag-Ag,,,= 1682.3 mn? $18)@ d = 500 mm sd =c, [Mee + 500=C, \/300210 _, ¢,- 2.5 fod 30 +250 os Cy =2.5 < 2.83 —» The section is over reinforced section -"s We have to increase dimensions or use As @ Increase dimensions. (Get Anew) -Take Cjnew=2.83 » J=0.721 aa }300%10% =C, = 556 Tnew 30 +250 mm Take |Qj~y= 600mm|, | tney= 650mm 6 wo Ag =e 900810 9871.0 mart J nd 0.721 +400 * 556 —Check Agmin Aegyeq, = 1871-0 mnt Piin 0 = (c22s- View) a = (0226+ i. ) 260 +500 = 385.1 mnt vy “ As req. > Henin? d 2 Take Ag-Ayg,.,= 1871.0 mnt’ 6 $22)© Use Ags by using first principles. 600 Ama = 0.8 & [ 600 + (f,\ 5s) Moz, - 0.67 £2 mad (a - Lznaz) ] +d -0.337d 0.337 +500 » 168.5mm = 0.67(32) (168.5)(250) (500 - 188.6)..234680481 Nemm = 234.68 kN.m Caleulate A M= My, -Mys, maz” 300 - 284.68 = 65.82 kN.m Cateulate As from AM= & + Ag (d -d’) 1. 65.326 10 = (#92) A y(600-50) >| Ag n= 417.82 mm From the code table (4-1) 4612 tga ate ds, | Cmar/d Hinax Rorax 240 050 8.56x10*f,, 0.214 350 0.45 5.28x10 “fay, 0.198 400 0.42 4.31x10*f,, 0.187 420 041 4.01x10" fi, 0.184 = 4 Hae 431010 fn = 4.31+10 +30 =0.0129 s Ag=[L bd +Ag=0.0129 (250) (500) + 417.32 = 2029.8 mnt max +.| As = 2029.8 mnt - Check Ag | = 0.4 Ag=0.4 (2029.8) = 811.92 mm? & « As 4.05 TS, 7=0.826 Mou. 300+10° 2 o Aga Ue = — 300010 _ 908.0 mré ST fy d 0.826+ 400 +1000 — Check Agmin Ag yaq, = 908-0 mnt VFex Binin Od = (c.226+ Ee d= (0.226 130 ) 260 +1000 = 770.2mmne “ Asieq > Bini? a Qo Take Ag-As,.,=908.0mni G22)Design Of T-Section & L-Section Using Charts Steps Of Design. I ts @ Assume that A< ty ae, the section is working as R—Sec. but with width B @ If d is not given. Take the value of C,=6.0 —» J =0.826 -d =¢, 7s HV shy HOG SY Gb _ Aga —Mon 3 6.826 fy deel View) & fy’? \ er (0226+ @ If d is given. -Caleulate C, from d =C, Es — Cy=V ou -From C, determine J from charts. - If C,>4.85 TMS J. 0.826 = Mou. 0.826 f,, d A s and check A Smin-If 283<¢0,< 4.85 “termin, 7 Mor Jfyd w|Ag= and check A snin —If C,<2.64 for fy=240 n/mm®— phe section is L Over reinforced Increase A C,< 2.83 gor fy = 400 n/mme _] Increase dimensions ( Get d new) -Take Cy4,.,= 2.83 —» J= 0.721 - Calculate M M d..=C UL. Ag= tuk new TeV EL B Jfyd T-sec. J) gi Ag guoy Joa I &+ dole ab got dha yas GU y R-See. bf ple L-See. & T—-Seec. tei) prac py oarfnw Bb, F mm OL < bs ySie nM al od I gold ule 71 | T-Sec. oyabys daghy lade SI 5 Siw a>ts COS 13) gia 4 Ga=btsg gh yses G) Sad) Ge UY Pra T-See. T-See.Effective Width (B) For T-Section pases) ie nye Laos Ab! Yo be dey T-Sections JI oleUal yb CURR ger Gans UO aja Me yape ated y ap ele oSgall a tse 1 d CL C.LE slab slab B= 16ts+b Js2I Le! KE+b support Ji gli support JI jo yiie/I opSII span Job a L PIB Law Gyo 0 SU Flea! pall ge Ke L aud V9 cus factor yo K T-See. lacy 43 lea) JS pill oS Job ga of UWI K=1.0 LL, — K=0.80 | 0.80 —| [et | K=0.70 Lorox | ws more safe 3% pas aad Yoh Bl as Syl lus acy + devel pURU) js05 4) pyacill oaEffective Width (B) For L-Section L-Section J) gs abyul go Sled jeu! aye wand —B— t a sz C.L>C.L i beam slab B= 2 6ts+b Jay > K=£ +b 10 support JI Jl support JIG pido oS span Job yo L MBI La ye oy SU Glo) youl ge Ke L aad 555 cur factor » K L-See. (acgs 425 GLelLLD JS Gi oS Jobe ga of ws 38 K=1.0 L,I K=0.80 _| Leen oe SS, K =0.70 ‘ Lovox-l ys more safe st paw as UT iob Bw ps oyu le sey + endl GUAM! 505 4) pyendill ioSolved Examples fo, = 25 N\mné fy, = 350 N\mnié ts =140 mm F.C. = 2.0 kN\m* L.L. = 2.0 kN\m? Req. 1— Draw the absolute B.M.D. for beams By & Be 2~ Design the critical sections for bending using charts. 3~- Draw details of RFT. for beams using imperical method. Solution. ‘* The beams is continuos beams . The cases of loading is only T.L. Take O.W. (team) = 3.0 kN\m (Working) Wg = teed or F.C. + LL. =0.14825 + 2.0 +2.0 = 7.50 kN\neBi -1-1 (Ls). 4_1(4.0¥~ Co~ 1-4 (Ee) 1-4 (42) - 0.7a66 We= 0.W.+2 Ce We Ls = 8.0 + 2 (0.7866) (7.50) (£) = 26.60 kN\nt (We)u.z, = 1-50 + 26.60 = 39.90 kN\m We = 39.90 kN\ni Ka A 5.0 5.0 ——. 2 wl wie110.8 2 we SF -41.56 wl". 90.68 1 Sec.® Moyur 110.8 kN.m R-Sec. + } + My<2 Mp Sec.@ Myre 90.68 kN.m T-Sec. « Design R-See. first Sec.© My, = 110.8kNm R-Sec. -Take C,=3.50 -From charts C; = 3.50 —» J = 0.78 6 cet d=c, \| Mex — 3.50 [110.8 2108 = 466.0 mm feud 26 +250 -Take |d=500mm| , |t= 550mm 6 Mon _ 11080109 946.7 mnt J fy d 0.78 + 350 + 466.0 -cet Ag= sg—Check As, A, =846.7 mnt ee min, reg. VF ow Hynin,d d= (0226-15) bed = (0.225 +25) 260.500 =390.6 mnt 2 As > rind & _— Take As=As,,=846.7 mn ¢ a Ma 0-25 , 250-25. 5.48. 5.0 +25 16425 Sec.@ MY, ,- 41.56 kvm R-See. Take A=0.50m (The same Od of Sec.) 6 sd =C, jew “600 = C, \/41:56*10_, ¢, 6.13 fuub 25 «260 - From charts C,=6.13 > 4.85 —+ J = 0.826 6 “Age Mos _ _ 4156 +10 _ 999.5 mm? Jfyd 0.826 + 360 + 500 Check Asimin Agyeg= 279.5 mmn* 2 f. - V26 - HPanin b d= (0.2266 =) bd= (o2e6+ “300 ) 260+500 = 390.6 mm & Hanin O@ >A srg, U8» Asien As... sab (me Sy) 30049 wl 1.8 Aayyg,=1.3 * 279.5= 363.3 = 363. 9.18 BO = 215 02600500 = 187.5 4 100 100 (Sec. @ My,= 90.68 kN.m = T-Sec. Take Gd=0.50m (The same @ of Sec.®) Kien A L—s.o—_ 40 C.L.—C.L. = 4.0m = 4000mm B= 16tg+b = 166140 +250 =2490 mm Bz1050 ma! KLb= 0.845000 4260 =1050 mm 6 wd =c, \| Moe .. 500 = C, \/90-58*10'_, ¢, - 8.50 fuB 25 +1050 - From Charts C; =8.50 > 4.85 —» J = 0.826 - Ag= Mou. _ 90.68 +10 = 2006 1 _ = 609.9 mn Jfyd 0.826 + 60 * 500 —check Asn, Ag, =609.9 mat VF ou - 2 Hinin. 0 d= (0.226 fr )od - (0.226-125 ) 250 +500= 390.6 mnt aA Seq Uamin.& : Take As-As,_ = 609.9 mm(i-1) 9ag (8-8) ‘22g (2-2) ‘22g S20 S20 Sz'0 9192 ]} 9tgr ope s$'0 SSO so'0 tg f0 ‘LddBe Ce= zg For triangles We= 0.W.+ 2Ce Wy Ls = 8.042 (2) (7.50) ($) = 23.0 kN\nt (We)uz, = 1.50 28.0 = 34.5 kN\m We = 34.5 kN\n Sec.@ My = 55.2 kW.m R-Sec. ty Sec.@ Moz= 46.0 kN.m 7-00. HE Myp<2Mp_ -. Design R-Sec. first. See.O My,=55.2kNm R-Sec. -Take C,= 3.50 -From charts C;= 3.50 —» J=0.78 6 -Get d=C, = = 3.50 | | $6.2210° = 328.9 mm fob 26 +260 -Take |d = 350mm| , |t = 400mm _ Mon _ 55.2 6 10% = eh = 614.8 mn? Jfyd — %78+850¢ $28.9— Check Asan A, =614.8 mmm ee ™ ‘req. = f - V25- Hinin. Od = (o228. Viet) a - (0226-125 ) 260+ 50 =281.2mnt “ As,,,> Henin O & Take Ag-Ag, = 614.8mm €#1a . na 0-25 _ 250-25 _ 6.08- 6.0 G+25 12425 See. @ My,= 46.0 kN.m R-Sec. Take G=0.86m (The same O of Sec.@) e ~d =¢,\f Mon 350 = C;, \/ 48:0 *10°_, ¢,- 4.08 fou b 25 «250 - From charts C;=4.04 —+ J= 0.805 6 Aga Mee _ 46.9 +108 = 466.5 mend J fyd 0.805 + 350 * 350 — check Asien A syeq, = 466.5 mm" Vfeu 25 Hinind d= (0.226 ee) bd =(0.226+ ws ) 260 «350 = 281.2 mné 2 As > Bnind d « Take As=As,,,= 466.5 mm G12)Sec.@ Y= 23.0kNm R-See. Take @=0.85 m (The same A of Sec.@) “sd =c, \[Moe ». s50=C, \| 23:9218° _. C, =5.77 fou b 25 +250 ~- From Charts. C;=5.77 > 4.85 —» J = 0.826 = 227.3mn2 A Mot. 23.0 «10° wAg= — = J fyd 0,826 + 350+ 350 Check Asmin Agyyq=227-3 mom? VE ow Vz Z Hynin.d d= (0.226 i Joa ~ (0.226225 ) 260 +950 = 281.2 mnt Hin OF >A sy_q, U8» Asin As entes 0285 -feoa- (0226-25) 260-360= 281.2 341 baer 2 1.3 Aayyg, 1.3 * 227.3 = a: ti or. 2mnt ad bd = 248 «260 «350 = 131.2Sec. @ My,= 46.0kNm T-Sec. Take G=0.35m (The same O of Sec.@) AO AO AOI +t, ae 2, | pigs “# “rs 4 oo -aP- - “P _—4o—! C.L.—C.L. = 5.0m = 5000 mm B= 316 tytb = 1601404250=2490mm Bz=890mm KL +b = 0.8 « 4000 +250 - 890 mm Ci Mon 350=C, 46.0+10 C, =7.69 fou B 25 +890 - From Charts C;=7.69 > 4.85 —+ J = 0.826 d=; .Ag= Mus _ __46.0+10° ee __ 46.0010 = 454.6 mm? Jfyd 9826+350 «350 —Check A Smnin. A, = 454.6 mm =a ‘req. Pann, 0 2= (o228-Viw)oa - (o.226. 125, ) 260+850= 281.2mnt 2 As > Umino d Take Ag=Ag,,.= 454.6 mmSec. © M vL= 34.5kNm T—-Sec. Take A=0.35m (The same O of Sec.@) 4.0--4.0-4.0-4.0- C.L.—C.L. = 5.0m = 5000 mm B= 3 16 ty+b = 1601404250 =2490mm B=810 mm KLyb= = 0.7% 4000 +250 = 810 mm “d= =¢, \| Mes. TL. 350= Cy \f 845410" __, =8.48 f.uB 25 +810 - From Charts C;=8.48 > 4.85 + J = 0.826 2 6 . Age Mor _ __ 845 +10 = 340.1 ma Jiyd 9.826» 350 + 350 —Check As, A _940.1 mm? ‘Sreq. fou Panin 0 U= (o2zs. Wis )od (0208. a6 ) 260.360 = 281.2 mnt As, >P nin? a 2 Take Ag=A gyuq= 340.1 mné G12(2-2) vag (g-g) 9ag (:-4) 22g (b-+) ‘ag (€-8) 92g 920 $70 920 sz0 970 age | | | | a | | | | “| | +0 +0 +0 +0 +0 mi + | TOF 0 + | +aF Q + | +OF ‘a + | +t 0 | ¢+-——— zoe SSS SO zee 2182 Zee ae ” ‘ 2IOe a a1e6 o1ge 01s - 0'* — 0°* = “fr — TT Jie @ Jig 2 aii PA} Hs Hy 5 pt, wt, ___ lo <4 - =F J tH @ © ® ® ® eq f0 “LdExample. —| 1.46.60 4.0 —-—3.20— fo, = 25 N\mné , fy=400 N\mrd , ts = 150mm F.C. = 2.0 kN\m? , LL. = 3.0 kN\m? , b= 250mm Req. 1— Draw the absolute B.M.D. for beam B & girderG 2- Design the critical sections for bending using charts. 3- Draw details of RFT. for beams using imperical method. Solution. Take 0.W. (beam) = 3.0 KkN\m* (Working) Take 0.W. (girder) = 5.0 KkN\m* (Working) Wy = tesBot F.C. +L.L. = 0.15425 + 2.043.0=8.75 kN\ne Ig= taeDot F.C. = 0.15 425 + 2.0 = 5.75 kN\me Gy= 5-75km\nt |, | We= 8.75 kW\m" (+3.50) , Depth of beam B is given =0.65m 0. 5 0 0 , 8.00) Lot &>—| 1.4 5.50 ——_4.0 8.20 6.50 Br Load for shear = Load for moment a= Ge = OW. +g, EB = 3.0+ (6.76) (82) = 12.2 kN\m Wy =We= 0.4, be = 3.0+ (8.75) (82) = 17.0 kN\nt Wea =17.0 kN\nt Ga= 12.2 kN\nt Ry=39.65 kN ---D.L. fo war fsa 55.26 kN ---T-L.! |R,-55.25kN |Ry=39.65kN 6.6 —! “6,6! Be For Trapezoid Ca = 1-4(52)= 1-$ ($5) - 0.577 Ja= 0.W. + Cag, de = 8.0 + (0.577) (5.75) (5:5) = 12.12 kN\ nt Wy = 0.W. + CaW, bs = 3.0 + (0.677) (8.75) (5:5) = 16.88kN\m Wy =16.88kN\re Jag =12.12 KN\nt R2=54.86 kN Rz=39.39kN 6.5 —_!B ct lah ES 2 2 Ce -1-4(%) 1-4 (£8) - 0.761 Go= 0.W.+ Jy Lo + Cy 9422 = 3.04 (6.75) (1.4) + (0.761) (6.75) (55) = 28.08 kW\nt We = 0.9.+UW, Ly +C,W, Le 3.0+ (8.76) (1.4) + (0.761) (8.75) (55) = 33.56 kN\nt W uy, = 33.556 1.50 = 50.32 kN\nt 88.58 ® 88.58 We = 50.32 kN\m @ L__¢,so——_! 265.75 Depth of beam B is given t =0.65 m=650 mm d= 600 mm 0. ' Sec.@ Sec.® L-see. L-see. | ab sale SE Lad UES oof pred Lee lies ol Gao Gf Ie ysSec. O My,= 265.75 kN.m L—Sec. Take Q=0.60m (as given in Data.) (4—6.50——4.0-| 8.20 |- 88.58 88.58 Void 6.50 265.75 2.75 C.L.-C.L. = $500 =2750mm & Mt 6 tytb = 6 0150 +250=1150 mm B-=900mm Lipge 6500 = K i907 OF 1.0075 +250 = 900 mm 25 + 900 wd= =6, \/ Bee 600=C; }266.76010° _, 5.52. J = 0.826 fou: As Mus _ _265.75+10° = 340.5 md —Check Asn A, = 1340.5 mme Sreq. = f. - v25 = Pirin = (oes. Mier) ba (o226+ 700 ) 250 +600 =421.8mm “ As > Pnin.& & « Take As-As,,, = 1340.5 mk C716 om Ma 0-25 _ 250-25. 5.48~ 5.0 bars G+25 16425Sec. @ Myz= 28.58 kN.m L-—Sec. Take =0.60m (as given in Data.) 1.4 4 —6.60—|—4.0- 8.20 — 1 88.58 88.58 & y ® 266.75 7 Apple ope C.L.-C.L. = 1.40m = 1400 mm K=0.15 B= 46 tgtb = 6 4150+250=1150 mm B= 347.5 mm L K-24 +b=0.15 4 8500 , 259. 347.5 10 * 10 mm 6 wd=c s * 600=C; Pons —+ Cy = 5.94 —» J = 0.826 Venu $347, 6 Ag = Mon _ 9858 +10" | 446.8 mnt Jfyd — %826+400+ 600 — Check A siren A, =446.8 mm rs req. Hinén, 0 ob = Cr) bd =(o.226+ was ) 260-600 = 421.8 mm! t As,.> Panin.o & 2 Take Ag=Asy_q= 446.8 mm(i-1) 02g (@-2) ‘20g Seo S20 mo os opr 912 gd £0 ‘LdRo Ry ow. ___¢,50—_|_4.0_|_3.20—_| wow (0 0 82 Larea $(6.50) &) span ~ ~ 9.50 Load for shear =Load for moment = 0.796 Diaz Iren owe zerea #9, = 5.0 +0.796(5.75) = 9.577 kN\nt Wraw Wye= ows TOE Uy = 5.0 +0.796(8.75) = 11.965 kM\me 91 =9.577 kN\m ----- DL. Wy =11.965 kN\m ----- TL.maaz—max B.M.D. for the girder (GC) 1.5 (54.86) 1. max. +Ve_B.M.D. Ae lseee aguas 1.80 (11.965) rh. DL. = 17.94 koe { oagy) | PL DL. =*: §.50—!—-4.0 —'—3.20—! a | he 105.42 kN 197.38kN M0228 137.21 IN Z|~ & rAN M-= 308.46 2-mazx. —Ve B.M.D. ——————— 0.9(89.39) 1.6 (66.26) =35.45 EN =82.87kN 0.9 (9.57) DL. TL. = 8.62 bM\a t 15(60) | D.L. TL. A —~, 50 o—'~3.20—! 23.92kN 200.29 kN 303.58 M LA 4 = 11.03 Z 3 33.7 1.18Design The Critical Sections For the Girder 303.58 308.46 | | \ Void I | | | b Mh A Sec.® Seo.® Sec.® R-Sec. R-Seo. R-Seo. See.® M,,= 308.46 kvm —_—R-See. -Take C,= 3.50 -From charts =3.50 —»+ J=0.78 -Get d=C, (ma = 3.50 \psaeseete® = 777.5 mm -Take |@=800mm| , [t= 850mm cet Aga Mus_ _ _30846+10° 4274.5 mnf J fy d 0.78 * 400 * 777.5— Check Asien A, =1271.5 mnt mr ‘req. Panin. 6 d= (0226+ Ve) bd= (0.226 . vas ) 260+800= 562.5 mm v As >Wind d s Take Ag=Asg,oq= 1271.5 mm G¢1E o Na 0-25 _ 250-25 _ §.23~ 5.0 bars $+25 18425 Sec. @ M us= 303.58 kN.m R-—Sec. Take d=0.80m (The same O of Sec.®) 6 sd =c,\| Mee +. 800 =C, \[303.58210 _ . VEnb 1\\ Se es9 7 1 = 9.63 —> J = 0.788 Mus _ _ 303.58 «10° Jfyd 9.788 + 400 * 800 s= = 1203.9 mné ~ CHE A Sin Ag = 1208.9 VFeu vz 2 Binind d = (o226+ ) bd- (0.226 *j00 ) 20 #800= 562.5mm «As > Ymind a «Take Ag-Ag,,, = 1203.9mm $18See.@ y,,- 102.8kNm R—See. Take G=0.80m (The same A of Sec.@) é d =¢, \|M* +. 200 =, \/192:8410"_, ¢, 6.28 fob 25 +250 - From Charts. C; =6.23 > 4.85 —» J = 0.826 ve Age Mon _ 102.8 +109 _ 998.9 mm? Jfyd 0.826 «400 * 800 Check A Sinn A 5 j_q.= 388.9 ment rz) b d= (0.226.425 ) 260+ 800 = 562.5 mnt Pinind d= (o2266 2 Hintn. OE >A Bye, U82> Asin A Sarin. = 0.2260 Yio bd = (0.285.125) 260. a00— mR us 1.3 Aeyeg =1-3 * 988.9 = 505.6 = 505.6 st = 505.6 mm 0.16 0. - = 948 bd. 2.15 «260 «800 = 300(2-2) 0ag (2-2) 92g (:-#) 09g (8-8) 9ag 920 $70 $20 $20 | | | mm aes age ees age ope ope ope oe $80 $80 sao S50 ope ope ope ope +81es + abs +0182 S81be Bigs age ] atBs ope ape 0S °6: 08S:Example. 4.76-—--—______7.5—______--\_ 2.6! 2.051 $9. 1-22.51 —1.75--L_ 3,9 —-1-____4.5 __-_L-_2.5__- Data. te = 140mm F.C.=2.0 kN\nt » LL.=2.0 kw\nt b (Girder) =300 mm > 0b Geams) = 250mm fou =25 kN\m? > fy =350 kN\m? Req. For the following structural plan. It is required: 1- Draw absolute U.L. B.M.D. and S.F.D. for beam B & girderG 2- Design the critical sections for beam B & girderG for bending. 8- Draw details of RFT. for beam B & girder G in elevation to scale 1:25 & cross sec. to scale 1:10— 1.765 —3,0—-|-_—_4.5 —___2.5-! Take 0.W.(Beams) = 3.0 kN\m 0.W. (Cirder) = 5.0 kN\nt Is, Ps Wsg= tee Bet FC. +L.L= 0.14025 42.0 42.0 = 75) kN\mt Yom tes Dot F.C. = 0.14625 + 2.0 = 5.50 kN\mt Jg= 5.50 kN\m Wg =7.50 kN\mt By Load For Shear. For Triangle Ca = £ Ga=0.W.+ 2 Ca De it = 3.042 (£) (6.60) (3:2) = 11.25 kM\ne We =0.0.+ 2 Cath Ht 3.042 (£) (750) G2) = 14.26 ew\me 11.25 kN\w DL. Ry = 16.87 Ry = 16.87 kN----- D.L. -—20—! 14.25 _kN\nt = 21.87kN----- T.L. TL. R= 21.37E500. Ge " (1.5)+ (408) (09) oe «A - 0.90 75 aA GYa=0.n.+ Io Et + io +9 L320 46 = 3.0 +(6.50) (32) + (0.90) (6.50) = 16.2 kN\m 16.87 kN Wa = 0.7.1, Hey Lares Wy es, DL. _9.0—'—4.6—|Rpn67.5 = 30 + (7.50) 32) + (0.90) (7.50) = 21 kN\nt on B (21.37 kN Re = 67.5 kN ----- DL. zien on = 87.3 kN ----- TL. eo oases B 3 Load For Shear. Ja=0.¥.+ I07F » 3.04 (6.60) (295) = 7.81 kN\nA rat eint_ DAL. |Rg=23.43 Wa =0.m.+U, be = 8.04 (7.50) (LZ) = 9.56 kN\ni \_¢,o—_l 9.56 KN\nt T.L. R3= 28.68 B 4 Load For Shear. 9a7 kN py Ga=0.".+ go 4s = 3.0+ (6.60) (282) = 9.87 KN\m 3 |Rq= 29.61 Wan O.m.+We4t ~ 3.04 (750) (280) = 12.97 eN\m #0! 12ST EMT npB ~ The Beam is simply supported. — “ We have one case of loading. T.L. only. A e Zarea (F009) ‘ span 6.9 Load For Shear. = peat For Moment. 90 $0! Ja=Ge= 0.W.+9e Bx zene + 9s = 3.0 +(5.50) (8) + (0.875) (5.50) = 11.938 kN\nt Wa= We= 0.w.+Uy Ee + Larea ,w, 2 span = 3.0 +( 7.50) (%8) + (0.975) (7.50) = 16.18 kN\ mt 87.3.61.5 87.3 kN 130.95 kN 16.18 01.5 15.18 kN\nt 22.77 kKN\nt 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0- | 89.19 kN 133.78 kN working Loads U.L. Loads 65.4 65.4 298.9 133.78 S.F.D. (U.L.) B.M.D. (U.L.) &Loads on the Girder. (G)) EA! ts 4.5- 2.5—! L L 98 176 ee wt A A Larea _ (65525) (1.5) + (40) 0.8)) = 0.90 span 7.5 Iy= ow. + hore + Io = 5.0+ (0.90) (5.50) = 9.96 kN\m Wy= ow, + E88 Uy = 5.94 (0.90) (750) = 11.75 kN\me 1- maz. +Ve_B.M.D.(U.L) Dib. Th Db. DL Th pt 0.9(28.43)=21.08kN 1.5(21.37)=82.05N 0.9(29.61)=26.65 EN 0.9(6.0)$4.5 EN\m 1.5(11.78)=17.62 EN\m 0,9(5.0)=4.5 kN\m “1.76--_ 3.0 _!_—__4.5 2.6 _| 21.08 EN 32.05%N 26.65 kN 4.54M\m 17.62 EN\m ——4.54¥\m -4.76--_3.0 __!___-4.5_|_2.5_! t 109.40" fret.zeen 80.69 43.78 ~ LN Z LN 118.08 <>2-masx. —Ve_B.M.D. (U.L) TL. DL. TL TL a 1.5(28.68)=43.02KN 0.9(16.87)=15.18kN 1.5(87.10)=55.65 kN sstsahins EN\m 0.9(9.95)=8.95 kW\m tstab-rs kN\m -4.76—_—_3.9 —!——_4.5 2.5! 43.02 EN 15.18kH 55.65 kH 7.5k¥\m 8.95 ki\m —7.5k¥\m -4.76-_—_3.0 —!___-4.5 2,5 88.71 kN f 124.1400 86.772- Design the critical sections For beam B 298.9 B.M.D, U.L.) t =(6.0-5.5)+0.14 = 0.64m = 640 mm d= t- 50mm= 590mm (+6.00) 6.00) (+5.50) 0.14 Sec. ® M,,= 298.9 kN.m | | £0 0 3 | 1 | 0 —4,5—l-2,5—! C.L.-C.L. = 499 =2260 mm 6 tstb = 6 6140 +250=1090mm KEtbe 1.0 » 8000 , 269 — a50 mm 10 L-Sec. Take A=0.59m (as given in Data.) 2.265 B L____¢.9¢—__ Bz 850mm ©6 =C eee - 690=C, \/ 288-9 210° —> Cy =4.97 —+ J = 0.826 fouB 25 © 860 Ag = Mon. 290.9210" _ 9752 med 0.826 fy d 0.826 * 350 * 590 — Check A sin A, =1752 mm = reg. Pain. b cb= (0.2264 4) 5 a = (0.226 125.) 2504590 =474.1mnt fy ‘350 «As >Bmindd «Take Ag=Ag = 1752 req. req. Ne ba25 - 260-25 - 5.48 = 5.0 bars + + Sec. @_ My,= 99.63 kN.m L-See. Take =0.59m (as given in Data.) 128 B dh KT | '—60—| 7 Qeglle oye F -s K=0.15] —4,5—l-2.5—! C.L.-C.L. = 2600 =1250mm ! B= 26 tstb = 6 61404250 = 1090 mm B= 340mm L KA+b = 0.154 6000, 269~ 340 10 10 mmo d=¢, ee 590=C; eee —> Cy, =5.45 —» J= 0.826 uu B * 34 6 Aga Mon _ 99:63 #10" _ 54. 4nd 0.826 fy d 0-826 +360+ 590 Check Aim, Ag =584.¢ mm? min, ree. Ven va5 - e Pein bal= (0226+) ba = (o.zes vigp ) 800-800 474. te 2 * As,> Piinbdd : Take As-As,, = 584.1 mm RFT. of Beam. (B))Design the critical sections For Girder GSee.O Y= 16256kNm — R-See. " Take A=0.59m (as given in Data.) . Mos 162.66 +10° . = * 590= oe ly = 4.0 > J = 0.803 d=, fib O25 300 Gn4 J 6 cet Ag=—Mos_ _ _162.56+10° _ 99.3 maf J fy d 0.803% 350+ 590 — Check Asin A, =980.3 mn —= ‘req. VF eu Va6. é Pn. bol= (0.2866 Fe) bc ~ (0.225125 ) soo +590 =568. 9mm 2 Ag. >Umnd@ + Take Ae-As,, = 980.8mm' © B 1 ‘req. o N= 0-25 _ 300-25 _ 7.43~ 7.0 bars $+25 12425 Sec. @ My,= 118.08 kN-m “i L-Sec. Take d=0.59m (as given in Data.) ts C ____7,5—___1 C.L.-C.L. = 8990 = 1500 mm Ba 36 tgtb = 6 01404300 =1140 mm B=825 mm Ki+b = 0.76 7600 +800= 825 mm 6Mos. +. 599 = ¢,\{118:08+10° _, ¢ 27,79. J = 0.826 + d=c, f,.B 26 825 é Mot 118,08 +10' = 692 maf ° As= = 0.826 J fy d E *350* 590 — Check Abney A, =692 mm ———— ‘req. Hin b dix (022s. Mies) p a » (n20s. LEE) 200 +590 =568.9mmt 2 n As> Hind d -. Take As-As,_ = 692 mm oo na 0-25 _ 300-25 _ 7.43_ 7.0 bars +25 12425(4-4) 225 (2-2) 29S rere 08'0- seh ps 7 age I 790 +90 ' 2166 21g6 + ~ + | ager =. 7 #1ge aigr ergs St & s . % ® (a)49p9 £0 “LaeExample. 1.0 -—8.50 — 1.0,— {us S St nw’ 3.50 —_-|_—_-3.50 —_-__3.50 —-!—2.50——1.25'|— L995, Data. ts=0.12m , Spacing=6.0m O.W. of girder = 6.0kN\m , 0.W.of beam = 3.0 kN\m DB (beam) = 250 mm » O¢ctrder) = 350mm LL. =3.0kN\m? , F.C.= 1.5 kN\ne fou=25 Mmm? 5 fy = 850N\mné Req. @-Caloulate the equivalent working loads for shear and moment for the intermediate girder (G)- b-Draw the shearing force diagram due to total load and max—max bending moment diagram for an intermediate girder (C)- c- Design of the critical sections of the girder (G)to satisfy the bending requirements using the given dimensions (using U.L.D.M.) d- Draw the details of reinforcement for girder (CG) in elevation to scale 1:25 and cross sections to scale 1:10@- Calculate the equivalent working loads for shear and moment for the intermediate girder (C)- plan © plan @Is, Ps G= tee Dot F.C. = 0.12425 41.50 = 4.50 kw\m' Wy = tet Oot F.C 4 LL. = 0.12425 +1.5043.0 = 7.50 kN\m Wy, = tee De+ F.C. +L.L.eCos® = 0.12 «2541.50 43.0 «Cos 15.94 = 7.38 kN\m* [95-60 ari], Rihana B 1 Load for shear. Jq=9.¥. + 9s bs + Ys Le = 3.0 + (4.50) (33) + (4.50) (1.0) = 15.37 kN\m> We = 0.0. +Uy 22 + Uy Le =3.0+ (7.50) (48) + (7.50) (1.0) = 23.62 kN\m Ry = Gq*Spacing = 15.37 *6.0 =92.22kN ------ D.L. = Wa+ Spacing = 23.62 *6.0 = 141.72 KN ------ T.L. Post 2. ota, Weight of the post = Volume + Density = (0.25 + 0.25 2.0) (25) = 3.12 kN é of Weight of the post = 3.12 kN BBe pa 0.W. of parapet = (0.12) (1.0) (1.0) (25) = 3.0 kN\m Load for shear. Ga=O.W. +9, Ut + Gg Lot 0.M. of parapet = 3.0 + (4.50) (28) + (4.50) (1.25) + 8.0 = 17.25 kN\m Wg = 0.¥. +Uj, be +UL,L, + 0.W. of parapet = 3.0 + (7.50) (28) + (7.50) (1.26) + 8.0 = 24.75 kN\m Rz= 9a + Spacing = 17.25 *6.0 = 103.5 kN = Wa+ Spacing = 24.75 *6.0 = 148.5 kN ------ T.L. Rz= 103.5 kN -----D.L. = 148.5 kN ----- T.L. B 4 Load for shear. For Trapezoid Ca =f_4 (2) «1-5 (2:54) - 0.696 Ga =0.W.+ Ca Gs Le = 3.0+ (0.696) (4.50) (284)= 8.70 kW\m Wa =0.W.+ Ca Weg Zt = 3.0+ (0.696) (7.38) (284) = 12.85 kN\m* R4= 9a+Spacing = 8.70 *6.0=52.2 kN = Wa+ Spacing = 12.35 *6.0 = 74.10 kN R4= 52.2 kN ----- D.L. = 74.10 kN -----T.L.Load On the Girder Ry+post+ R4 1 Ry+post+ Ra L—3.50-_|_3.50 -!—3.50 _!_2.50-! Ry+post, R4 Rj+post, Rg Re wl el ow} '_3.50 -!3.50 —!—3.50 -|-2.50—! & Yarea 2 (3 (3.64) (34)) = 1.82 span 3.64 ‘ G1 = Ga= Ge= owt zeros *Is = 6.0 + 1.82 (4.50) = 14.19 kN\nt Wy = Wy = Wp = Darea ww. 1= “a= Ue= owt span * bi = 6.0 + 1.82 (7.38) = 19.43 kN\m 94 =14.19 kN\m ---- D.L. Wy =19.43 kN\m---- TL.b- Draw the shearing force diagram due to total load and maz-max bending moment diagram for an intermediate girder (C)- S.F.D. for the girder. U.L. TL. 1.5 (141.72 +8.12+74.10) 1.5 (141.72 +8.12+74.10) = 328.41kN = 328.41 kN 1.5 (148.5) | z = 222.75 kN os 79, 29. 74 2-491.5(6.0) Stim 9.9 aa 9.43 | 1.5*6.0 1.604, eye Y 9.0 kim 394.54 kN 751.21 KN 245.25 222.75max—max B.M.D. for the girder. U.L. t_ maz. +Ve BMD. 4,5 (141.72 +3.12+74.10) 1.5 (141.72 +8.12474.10) = 328.41kN = S28.414N TL. 0.9( 108.5) aS ge 1048 | 1.5 66.0 |. 16079 = 93.15 kN * _ 159,14 9.0 kN\m 29.74" 43 0.96.0) 10 £m 426.44 kN 580.66 kN 249.75 1306.93 1223.68 2-max. —Ve B.M.D. 0.9(92.22+3.12+52.2) 0.9 (92.22+38.12+62.2) = 132.78 kN = 132.78 kN DL. 1.5 (148.5) ao SS 4449 Jesse0 | Coenen = 222.75 kN 90 On. T Hy O40 en 1277408 1.5 (6.0) 9.01 132.96 kN 489.64 kN 585 384.15 189.1: max—max B.M.D. for the girder. = 1306.93 1223.68 @e- Design of the critical sections of the girder (G)to satisfy the bending requirements using the given dimensions (using U.L.D.M.) 1306.93 1223.68 @ Maas ee b=350mm R-Sec. A d=0.96 m (as given in data) eo wd =C, Mot . 959 = C, \/1808.98%10° _. 2 a5< 2.83 25 350 ©. We need to use Ag 600 maz = 0-8(2) [ s505 (Exm CAB) ]-0 - 0.3530 ~0.353 +950 ~335.3mm My, = 0.67 few ot maz B (d - Lmazy max Bo 2 ~ 0.67 (26) (336.3)(360) (960 - $35-9)..025241641N.mm = 1026.2 EN. Caloulate A M= My, -My5, maz 1306.93-1025.2 = 281.73 kN.m Caleulate As from AM= fy Ay (d-d)1. 281.73 10 = (350) A..(950-50) >| Ag = 1028.5 mnt 1.15) “Ss s From the code table (4-1) 5$18 Pe gat 5:28+10 fy = 5.28410 «25 = 0.0182 s Ag=p bd +Ag=0.0132 (850) (950) + 1028.5 = 5417.5 mnt max | As = 5417.6 mné _ Check As = 0.4 Ags =0.4 (5417.5) = 2167 mm? wo Agc ASiiae « 0.k. ~ Mo 0-25 , 350-25, 6.5. 6.0 $+25 ~ 25425 bars Sec. @ Moz,= 585 kN.m > b= 360 mm R-Sec. ¥ Take A=0.95 m (as given in Data.) wd =C, ae . 950= Cy 0610" G, 8.67 —» J = 0.789 a . M, 6 2 Ag = Ue = —_585 +10" _ _ 2929.9 mme Check Asin, Ag =2229.9 mm? _—__Fmin req. Bmind d= (0.226. Ew) bd- (0.226 ee ) 360 +950 =1068.7 mat fy 350 62D wAs, ao mind ds . Take Ag=Ag oz 2229.90Sec. Sec. @ My, = 435.64 kN.m » b= 350 mm, R-Sec. i Take =0.95m (as given in data.) M é ed =C, \J* +. 950=C, \/ 495-8410, ¢, 2 4, = 1 fob 1 25 «350 — C,=4.25 > J =0.811 Ag= My, _ 435.64 «10° = = EO _ 1615.5 mnt Jfyd 9811 +850 + 950 — Check A smnin, A, =1615.5 mnt —__—_—smin reg. - [? 2 Pirin, 0 b= (oases. ¥)ba- (0.226.125) s60 +950 = 1068.7 mami _— 2 Ae > Vpn dd + Take Ag=Ag, = 1615.5 mart(2-2) 228 (4-4) 988 (8-8) 93s S&'0 S&'0 269 ir | seezt sl | o1bz i, oe on ou ope ose 209 + | args| | + | saping ay £0 “Lda >