Name _____________________

Cells workbook

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AC 1.1
Q1 The electron micrograph images below are of organelles in eukaryotic cells.
Demonstrate your understanding of what these images show by drawing by hand the
depicted organelles.

Guidance

The purpose of completing the drawings within the table is to show that you can identify
different organelles and the important physical features of each organelle. Include labels on
your drawings and label only organelles of which you are certain. Use colour and a sharp
pencil for your drawings to make them clear. When you discuss the function of an organelle,
include the structural labels you used.

Label the organelle(s).

Make a hand drawing of

the above image.
Clearly label the
organelle(s) and its
(their) structure.

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How is the form of the

organelle(s)? related to
its (their) function?
Maximum 60 words.

Label the
organelle(s).

Make a hand
drawing of the
above image.
Clearly label the
organelle(s) and its
(their) structure.

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How is the form of

the organelle(s)
related to its (their)
function?
Maximum 60 words.

Label the
organelle(s)

Make a hand
drawing of the above
image. Clearly label
the organelle(s) and
its (their) structure.

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Name _____________________

How is the form of

the organelle(s)?
related to its (their)
function?
Maximum 60 words.

AC 1.2

Q2 For each of the cells below label their key features and explain how their structure
enables them to perform their function

A) Sperm cell

Sperm cells are used for reproduction. Sperm cells contain the male genetic
information from the male parent to the female parent. It has 4 main parts:
the Acrosome which penetrates the egg cell. The midpiece that contains
mitochondria that provide energy to the cell. The Nucleus contains the genetic
information. And the tail, it helps swim to the female egg cell.

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B) Red blood cell (Erythrocyte)

The main function of the red blood cells is to transfer oxygen throughout the
body. Its shape is concave specialised to be flexible so it can pass through the
most narrow blood vessels and to avoid clotting.

C) Epithelial cell from the small intestine.

Folds in the membrane to increase surface area as It plays an important role in the digestion
system of food, absorption of nutrients, and protection of the human body from microbial
infection, and others. It is strongly influenced by external nutrition like amino acids. Amino
acids play a big role in regulating its functions. It’s parts are the microvilli, cell membrane,
Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, Nucleus, Rough ER, and nucleolus intestinal epithelial cell.

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AC 2.1

Q3a Draw arrows on the picture below to show where each of the following substances
pass through:

● Steroids; C

● Vitamin A or D; B

● Large Proteins; D

● Water; A

● Ions. E

Q3b Using the image above, explain how the structure of the cell plasma membrane
relates to its various functions.
Ensure you identify and use A - E in your answer; 550 words maximum.

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AC 3.1
Q4a The stages of mitosis are shown below by completing the table identify each stage,
outline what is happening in each diagram and put the stages in order.

Picture of Stage Name O Description

r
d
e
r
prophase 2
crossing over of chromatids, Chromosomes are no
long identical

interphase 1
Where the cells grow and Dna replicates to prepare for
cell division, it is also the longest period of the cell cycle

Anapahase 4
where homologous chromosomes are separated,
each chromosome still consists of two chromatids.
Spindle fibres pull the chromosomes apart to
opposite poles

Telophase 5
Chromosomes reach opposite poles of the cell,
Nuclear membrane forms around each
separate group of chromosomes

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metapahase 3
Chromosomes line up at the equator of the
cell by spindle fibres by its centromere

4b In the space below outline how mitosis and meiosis differ.

Mitosis occurs in the skin cells and in the bone marrow, whilst meiosis occurs in the cells of
reproductive organs examples are in testes for males and ovaries for females. Mitosis only produces
2 daughter cells and while meiosis produces four daughter cells. In meiosis daughter cells have half
the number of chromosomes obtained from their parent cells, while in mitosis produces daughter
cells that have the same number of chromosomes as their parent cells. In mitosis the daughter cells
are genetically identical, and in meiosis daughter cells are genetically different. In terms of of cell
cycles, meiosis have two cycle divisions, and in mitosis has only one

4c Give 2 ways in which mitosis and meiosis are similar

Both mitosis and meiosis are involved in cell division, both processes occur in the M-phase of the cell
cycle and these are the prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Both produces new cells,
and both start with a single parent cell.

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AC 4.1
5a Complete the two tables below to show how some of the cells are organised within the
human body.

Structure Function

makes and controls the

release of hormones.
Endocrine System network of glands that make hormones.

produces digestive juices

and insulin
Pancreas lies in the upper abdomen and c-shapes
curve of the duodenum

involved in the regulation

Islet of Langerhans of glucose homeostasis
island like structure

embedded in the pancreas control of blood glucose

Islet Cell

Structure Function

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series of organs used in digestion such as mouth, pharynx,

Digestive system oesophagus, liver, stomach, small and large intestine,
processes food for
rectum, anus. digestion and releases
waste of the body

consist of four lobes, right lobe, left lobe, filters all the blood in the
right lobe, and smaller caudate lobe. body
Liver

absorb nutrients and

detoxify and remove
hepatic lobules
harmful substances from
blood
Hepatic Tissue

round shaped containing nucleus and major parenchymal cells

cellular organelles with metabolic and in the liver
secretory functions.

Hepatocyte

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