REQUIREMENT OF EMERGENCY BLOOD

TRANSFUSION IN ER TRAUMA PATIENTS

AUTHORS:
DR. PRAVEEN KUMAR REDDY GOWNI
DR. PRIYA DUBEY
DR. SHANMUKHA REDDY
DR. SARA SIDDIQHA

INTRODUCTION:
In developing countries like India, Road traffic accidents is one of the leading causes of death
mostly due to hemorrhagic shock and Traumatic brain injury. RTA is one of the major causes
requiring blood transfusions. According to various studies conducted in India , early detection of
coagulopathy and management with prompt bleeding control and early blood transfusion
increases the survival of trauma patients
This Audit was done in Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad. Which follows a trauma
pathway for effective handling of Trauma patients.

AIM:
Aim of the study was to analyze the emergency blood transfusions required in RTA cases in
different age groups, sex and type of injuries.
METHODOLOGY:
Method of study used for this audit was Retrospective study as this study has advantages like
requirement of less time , done on smaller scale and is used to analyze multiple outcomes in one
study. Data about patients admitted with trauma was collected from ER and all those respective
files were collected and data was extracted from Medical Record Department in the hospital.

INCLUSION :
This research includes all the major trauma patients requiring blood transfusion in Apollo
emergency department irrespective of their age, sex and mode of injury and discharged against
medical advice cases. All patients admitted to ED, over a period of three months from 01 April
2022 to 02 July 2022 are considered.

EXCLUSION:
1. We have excluded those trauma patients who were transfused with blood outside the ED like
ICU or OT.
OBSERVATIONS:

NO
 Blood transfusions in males
Chart Titleand females
180

160
11 (7%)
140

120

100

80
146 3 (4.1%)
60

40 70
20

0
MALE FEMALE

NO TRANSFUSION TRANSFUSION

• We have observed that out of total number of cases included in this study nearly 79% of
the cases required emergency blood transfusion were male patients and 21% being
female patients.
 Blood transfusion Chart
in different
Titleage groups
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0-9 10 TO 19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99

NO TRANSFUSION TRANSFUSION

• In male population requiring blood transfusions in trauma cases age groups of 10-19, 30-
39,40-49,50-59 years shared 19% in each group and for age groups 20-29 and 80-89
required 9% of blood transfusion each. In female population requiring blood transfusion,
mostly female were of age group 10-19, 30-39 and 50-59 years each age group sharing
same percentage of blood transfusion.
• Another observation made was that among all the cases included maximum cases were
of bony injuries followed by soft tissue injury and head injury.
• Based on type of injuries nearly 86 % of cases requiring emergency blood transfusions
belonged to bone injuries with remaining shared by soft tissue injuries and head injuries.
CONCLUSION :
At the end of this study, we have concluded that most of the trauma cases
presented to ED requiring blood transfusions were of bone injuries with maximum transfusions
in male population.

RECOMMENDATION :
1. All patients with bony injuries should be screened for need for blood transfusion
regardless of any other indication for blood transfusion exists or not.

2. Age group of 30-39 years had highest number of trauma cases. The cause of injuries in
these age group should be analyzed further, and proper preventive measures should be
planned to reduce the incidence of trauma in these age group individuals.