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I a b cydgesfggshy

8 3
log

2 16 4
log

35 243

4
I

i na

q
200221

9 2
4 log

5 8 bits binary system


00001102

000 10002

01120001

it
G Unsigned representation

0022 2 1 tz xt t o t O

1001 20 1 t 23 1

I I 00 2 x1 2 1
12

1110 2 t It 2x 23 1

2 4 8

14
1 19

Sapa
af
19 10 2 1
43
loooot 1071 2

001172

10011

33 I 00002
2

69 20002017 2

400 92002000.072

2 10101002
469110
d
1710
716 Ht
or

LI
LA 9 16

3 at 0011

0 01 10
00

In
b 001111

1 0 111 0

4 1007,0 lg

Ft
Of
Base 92 O I 2,3 4,5 6,7 8

200 81 9 9 1
loot lot lot 421
9710
81 100

93 q2 g g
o

d d I
1
81 a
o 1
I 0 U

400 1100100 72

1217g
Oo

100 4202

OO Koos
4007 6020273

5
33 9

53 125

23
93

6
I

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22 1

2 1 2321
28 1
2 1
t

yY
110010000
40070

2 I 0101002

2 20 t 0 2 t 0 2 t 1 23 0 24 1 25 0 26
1 27
I 8 32 128

169

1 01 01 002

A 9

3 O 011 0022

0222

121 g

I
4027
344L
doo's
to

4020s

1 001002
I
53 2125
343
73

6 Ota 28 1 0 to 255

0 to 216 1

O to 232 I

0 to 2 1

00
7 O 2ki
16 01
32 I 0

64 11
G Base 3 system

5
Y To
I 1
12

f 20
21
7

I 11 01 1
1 37 22

11 I
2

i s i 0
5 3bils sign bit
d
ve no
T J J to d
O 0 I I 2 s complement
0 I 0 t 2
0 I l 3
I of 4
01 3
1
z

it I

23 Attak
2 to 2 I

0
4

8 bits
1
28 to 28 I
_2to2
16bits
32 bits
bubits

I 2 21stombhment

16 00010000
25

25 00011001 binary
11100110 I's
1 72 S

25

127 01111111

127 0111111
0000000
I
g 127
I 28 127 1 128
12 G 0
0 00
1 000 t t t t
1 00 00 00 t t t
o

ii É
n

128

25 9 10 01 1 00 1

t 127 s 0 11 1 1 11 I

128 Not possible

2 a ill 1 11 11
0000 000 0

Cd
so
b 1211 1110
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tooooo 2
10

d I 111 1000
0000 01 1 I

8 10
0001
11 00
E 1I 1 1
Oooo do 1 I

outdo 4 to

le you 0 0000 128

3
1 001
2 s sign Magnitude
Unsigned
0110
I
g

I
4 a o o o int
1111
8

I C 27 0

b o o 11 t 3
2
t t t t 1

C 0011 3
3 2 1
1 11 0 2

000 I

oo z
d 0011 3
11 01 3 33 3 0

0010

OUI 3

ts 3 4 1
e
y
y

0011

o y y

3 44
4 1 3
f

7 1 8
g 8

oil
Mbf

1000 8 4kt
1000
o

Discard
1

IIID
d

a b É É d

00 o
o I I
o
0 O
10
o
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l
o
0 0
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01
I
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i
o 0 1
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0 0 I
1
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o
c

I
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i it
c

FED
ID
c

2 b
AID p
b
D

i
3

TD
If
Ipod

used as inverter buffer


XOR com be

check for the case where both inputs

are different
bab
4 s a b t a b

It Y
5 It abt as tab
C a

O O
I
O O g
O s

i 0 0 1 1

Previous 95
abt ab b

a 5 t at tb Itb

LF L
f

III

The output is logical one

when a is logical one

on

both are logical one


when b and c

a b c

HKD
d a t b C

Another example

D
ol p I when
a 1

or
t c l
both b
or

d 0

a b e d

11
FEED
I
d a b c tab c ta.be
T I I
t t b E

II

0 0 I

0 I 0
4

O
J

d bet at

tht far above 4 not minimized


A b c

g p e

11th

Htt
IDE
2

Je
ID

0 O abide
O O o
1 1
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00
o o 11 1
00
11 O O O
00
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d o d
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o I 2 0
0 I
o 2 O
12
4
01
o
no
01
io
10 1 1 O
o
o

1 s

If 00 o o 0
IIF c

LD D

d e atte
e att atlatl

f
e
btd btfatt

or gate
atlatt Etat
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1 O O O
it
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0
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1
11

a b c

0 1
9

a b t at a b at

t.bta.tt
iii
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Product of masterms

mantel latte
a tbte
I
a b c

MEEEE

11 111
A 5 E
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att b ti
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Latest b JICA THE


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r
IES Ca
I a a tb
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Property at y z Ky 21 3
2 d At btc a 5 17 Latbte atte
a a only as a

best
f
d all combinations of btc

Ey
lat b ate
ca
g
c
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3 I
tab

IFL
at

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I
Do

at a at 5

D
NOT gates in the end
Reduce 2

a J t ab E
c e

e a.IT
aT.aT
a b


1747

4 77 then SOP

a b c d at.at
a ab t t c
1 O O O

it
de ab c t abc t abt tab c

act ab

a t b c

THE
a
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a b c d e

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O I 0 0 O
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0
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1 U O O
I
n I I 0 I

4 I 1101100

It's taxi ta xo

E x text a'xo tix o

128 64 327 844


236
signed
11101200 108
p
sign bit

I
0001001 20

Hexadecimal

EC

5 1007,03 72

0 6110010072
6 C 35710
2 s complement of
35

001 00012

1 10 11 I 00

is
l
gy


I

be
a

at b C

d bot a bad
la
b C
e e
b c t a

de f to a

KERA
a

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d
Full adder
8 128
a 1000 00
Overflow
1000000s
diff ra
O 111 1110
2 to I 1 oil
128 to 227

128 122 255


Overflow
P I 2 4 8716 64
d 0101 1111 99
0101 11 1 I 191
191
0001 1111 0101 1111 X 1 0 Overflow
ooo I 11
H
q
ititut 87165 7 No overflow 011000 of
P Y 2 32 69
Ifp Overflow 10011111
1001 010101101010
997

6 2 813264
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th
a

b
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f

switches

C a b t be Ca

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a b c d e
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1

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a b

not c and not d and a escorts


a and b and not c and d an
of
e at b ed t Ca b ed

tCathettyo

an b and c and not d on


Ca
and d and a sonar b
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t
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a
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domain
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de abet a bit a 5C

tab e
abet abet Abc take

da Gtb It CAM c

a tb l

C Em I 2,497
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dad

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8 lines to I line multiplaces

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t
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0,13
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1,03
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set 4 Reset
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have
to q y
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highest
priority
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patter triggering

O 1 he triggering

a a I
Toggle
0 1
b a 0
When b 012
QUID KIT
otherwise Kitti QIN
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Tht E

a
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110 I 11
1
1 I I 0 00 f of
100 100

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4 4 F F
sequence detector of 111 d

111 111 e y

11 1 00 0 g

3 F F
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