ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS + Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H* and OH . concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm ; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleachin soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris g the Chemical Properties of Acids anc taste are called acids whereas substances having bitter taste and different colour in acidic and basic medium are called indicators. of dyes and are used to distinguish between acids and bases als to form hydrogen gas and corresponding salts. While bases react | to evolve hydrogen gas along with salt containing anion made of ict with each other to form salt and water. Such reaction is called oe ome salts to evolve carbon dioxide ‘Oxide of metals are basic while those of non-metals are acidic. Explain. (Knowledge based; C.B.S.E. 2010 oxides dissolve in water to form bases. For example : ———__Nay0(s) + H,0(!) —> 2NaOH (aq) oxides dissolve in water of form acids, For example CO3(8) + H,0() —> H,CO; Carbonic acid ir of the solution when copper oxide and dilute hydrochloric represents that the effect of base is neutralised by (Knowledge based; C.B.S.E.)ine a | Q3. Ans. Qu. Ans. Qs. Ans. Ans. Q7. Qs. A knife, which is used to cut a fruit, was tnmediately dipped into water containing a few drops of blue litmus solutions, If the colour of the sofution fe changed to fed, what inference can be drawn about the mature of the fruit and why ? (Knowledge based ; CASE.) Since the colour of the blue litmus has changed to red, it means that the fruit juice is acidic i nature Why should not curd and sour substances be ke ass 9 i. pt in brase and copper vessels. (Knowledge based; NC.ER-T.) Curd and sour substances contain acidic contents which can react with brass and copper to form undesirable products, Hence such vessels are not recommended for keeping sour food items. A person is suffering from indigestion due to the intake of hot spicy food. What remedy «= you will prescribe to the patient ? Give the name of a chemical that can give relief te Iie. (Knowledge based C. The spicy food has resulted in acidity in the stomach. An antacid is needed to cure it. Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)) acts as an antacid. (a) Give the chemical names of acids present in @ ants (ii) lemon (iii) milk (iv) tomatos. (6) Write the chemical names of two salts belonging to sodium family. (Memory based C.B.S.E. 2010, 2011) (a) (i) Methanoic acid (Formic acid) (ii) Citric acid (iii) Lactic acid (iv) Oxalie acid. (b) Sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium nitrate (NaNOs). What are olfactory indicators ? Give examples, (Memory based ; C.B.S.E. 2011) Olfactory indicators are the substances which give different smells in acidic and basic solutions. For example, vanilla, onion, clove oil, etc. Substance X used as an antacid reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce a gas ¥ which i used in fire extinguishers (a) Name the substances X and Y. (@) Write a balanced equation of the reaction between X and hydrochloric acid. (Knowledge based ; (a) Substance X is sodium hydrogen carbonate and the gas evolved Y is carbon (b) Chemical equation involved is NaHCOs(s) + HCl(ag) —> NaCl(ag) + H,0(aq) + CO,(g) o) ” List two differences between acids and bases on the basis ofSuper Simplified Q&A Seri | IMgi9) + O,(@) "> 2g) Magnesium oxide Mg0(5) + H,0(aq) —» Mg(OH);(aq) Similarly, heat the sulphur powder on a spatula, When it starts burning, immediate Y dip ig ‘test tube containing water. Now dip a bine litmus paper in the tube. It will immediate. & ed colour. This shows that oxides of non-metals are acidic in nature * ing How Sis) + On(g) —> 80,(g) SOx(g) + H,0(aq) —+ H,SO;(aq) Sulphurous acid 2Al(6) + 2NBOH(ag) + 2H,0(aq) —+ 2NaAlO2(ag) + 3Hy(g) ‘Sodium meta aluminate (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2016) etc to liberate hydrogen gas. Some examples Zn(s) + 2HCK(ag) —+ ZnCly(aq) + Hy(e) Mg(s) + HzSO,(aq) —> MgSO, (aq) + H,(s) are displacement reactions in which active metals di e from the of its compounds. “art eangs ‘acids react with active metals like Zn, Mg, ‘Teaction of zine metal with sodium hydroxide. Sy (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2016)- Q. 16 Ans Ans Q. 18. Ans. Q. 19. Q. 20. Ans. acids, pases and Salts : 8 State the observati : we iy teres map ations you would make on adatog codtom prdeasi {a agen TO) te (i) aluminium chlo (i) A green precipitate of ferrous hydroxide is formed as a result of the reaction. FeSO4(aq) + 2NaOH (ag) —» Fe(OH)3(s) + NaSO4(aq) ) A gelatinous white precipitate of ate Ye disappear on adding excess of Nall wanna ra et i ot ae ee AICIs(aq) + 3NaQH(aq)—» — AKOH);()._ + ~—-3NaC (aq) (Gelatenous white ppt.) AI(OH)3(s) + NaOQH(aq) —> NaAlO,(aq) + H,0() (Soluble) (a) Name one natural source of each of the following acids, (i) Citric acid (ii) Oxalic acid (iii) Lactic acid (iv) Tartaric acid (b) Which ion is commonly produced by all acids ? (Memory based (a) (i) Citrous fruits such as lemons, oranges/etc., (ii) Tomatoes * (iii) Milk (iv) Tamarind. (b) All acids have at least one or more hydrogen atoms present the same in aqueous solutions as H* ions. The He i combination with a molecule of HjO and is known as Define a universal indicator. Mention its one use. ‘A universal indicator is a mixture of several indicators. It can predict the pH of comparison because it can show different colours and different pH values. Which sodium compound is used as antacid in medicine ? (Memory Sodium hydrocarbonate (NaHCOs). ; ‘e What happens when bases react with non-metal oxides ? about the nature of non-metal oxides ? Bases react with non-metal ) S neutralised with non-metal oxides. This reaction indicates | t 2NaOH(ag) + CO2(g) —> NazCOs(aq) + F 2NaOH(aq) + SO3(g) —> NarSOs + H,01 (Sulphur trioxide)Super Simplified Q&A Series—Science. “What will be the action of the following substances on litmus paper ? Dry HCI gas ‘moistened NH; gas, lemon juice, carbonated soft drink, curd, soap solution (Memory based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R7. ) No change Turns red to blue Turns blue to red Turns blue to red Turns blue to red Turns red to blue student prepared solutions of (i) an acid and (ii) a base in two separate beakers. She forgot to label the solutions and litmus paper is not available in the laboratory. Since both are colourless, how will she distinguish between the two ? (Knowledge based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R.T.) ‘can be tested by using chemical indicator like phenolphthalein or natural indicators like ed, which is ‘in the hydrogenation of oil. Name the gas evolved. Write the chemical equation of involved and also write a test to detect the gas formed. (Knowledge based; Exemplar Problem N.C.E.R.T.) ‘with dilute solution of strong acid, it forms salt and hydrogen gas is evolved. is brought near the mouth of the test tube, the gas burns with a pop Hydrogen bums ‘with pop soundacids, 0.2 Ans | SECTION 2.2 What do All Acids and All Bases Have in C Qi. Ans. Q2 of freely moving ions in them. pases and Salts 2m of vide is added to a few pieces of granulated zine metal taken in a 3 tube " S are warmed, a gas evolved is bubbled through a soap before testing. Write equation of the chemical reaction involved and the test to detect ¢ the gas which will be evolved when the same metal reacts with dilute solution i (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 201: The gas evolved is hydrogen (H3), The chemical reaction is 2NaOH(aq) + Zn(s)—+ NaxZnO,(aq) + Hy(g) Sodium zincate Test : The gas is combustible, It burns with a ‘pop’ sound when a burning splinter is brought near the test tube containing the gas, Hydrogen ee also evolved when anaes with dilute solution of strong acids like HCl or HySO,, 2HCI(aq) + Zn(s) —> ZnCly(aq) + Hy(g) Zine chloride Caan All acids when dissolved in water liberate hydrogen (H*) ions in aqueous solutic All bases when dissolved in water, produce hydroxyl (OH") ions in aqueou Acidic and basic solutions in water are good conductors of electricity be¢ Which out of distilled water, tap water and sea water is best conductor of electricity ? (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2010, 2011) Sea water is best conductor of electricity. It has number of salts dissolved in it. These are electrolytes and dissociate to give ions when dissolved in water. Since ions are the charge, sea water is the best conductor of electricity. ih A few drops of sulphuric acid is added to water before electrolysis. Why ? a % Water is a poor conductor of electricity. Addition of a few drops of s makes water good conductor because the acid ionises in water to release H ions. The ions conduct electric current. ‘ HCI and HNO; show acidic character in aqueous solutions solutions do not. Give reason. (Logic based : N.C.E.Super Simplified Q&A Series—Sciencey ‘does not ionise in dry conditions. Hence it does not act as acid. Thus, it cannot chan e colour of blue litmus paper to red. ? While diluting the acid, why is it recommended that acid should be added to water and y (Knowledge based ; N.C.E.R.T., In Text ; C.B.S.E. 2 ‘of dilution of acid is exothermic in nature. In order to control the heat evolved acig to water. The addition of water to acid can sometime become violent Naman and Raghay perform an experiment in which they mix concentrated sulphuric a ‘with water. Naman mixes water with acid and Raghay mixes acid with water slow! constant stirring. Mention the suitable reason for selecting the one which you find method and discarding the one which is wrong. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 20); onc ed sulphuric acid has strong affinity for water and the dilution process is high “exothermic. If you add a few drops of water in concentrated sulphuric acid, the reaction and that may cause serious accidents. In order it avoid such accid does the concentration of HjO* ions get affected when solution of acid is diluted wit, (Knowledge based ; N.C.E.R.T. In Text ‘solution an acid molecules dissociate to yield H;0* ions along with the corresponding and consequently number of water and common salt solution ? (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2010ind Salts 1g, Bases 4 acd Suggest the way to reduce the alkaline ea @* The alkaline nature of soil can be reduced Ee hy _, (Memory DBE Serra Amand some decaying organic matter such as soriooes ing acidic manure like ammonium sulphate The pH of the mouth of a person is lower than §.5. OS ow these changes can be comteaiadie wnat Wht changes will occur in his mouth ? Pics J (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2010, 2011, 2012) yoy THE pk ee sate a a that acids are formed in the mouth. These acids react with the calcium phosp hich constitutes the enamel coating to release phosphoric acid. The enamel ets corroded and tooth decay starts. These changes can be controlled by ¢ aning the mouth after each meal with water. (ii) Using tooth paste for cleaning teeth since @c it contains some basic ingredients. You are given two solutions A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. 1 (i) Which solution is acidic and which is basic 2 (ii) Which solution has more H* ion concentration ? (iii) Why is HCI a stronger acid than acetic acid ? (Knowledge based : C.B.S.E. 2011) tos, (@ The solution with pH 6 is acidic while the solution with pH 8 is basic . (ii) The solution with pH 6 has more H* ion concentration. (iii) HCI is a stronger acid than CH;COOH since its degree of dissociation is more or in other words, it releases more H* ions in solution than acetic acid. ie Do basic solution also have H* (aq) ions ? If yes then why are these basic ? : (Knowledge based ; N.C.E.R.T. In Text) In any aqueous solution whether acidic or basic, the product of molar concentration of H30*| ion and that of OH-(aq) ion is always constant. In neutral solution [H*] = [OH-]. In solutions [H*] > [OH] while in basic solutions the concentration of H30’ : (H*] < [OH]. ca Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. (HCl) is added to test tube A while acetic acid (CH3COOH) is ; which case, fizzing occurs more vigorously and why ? Fizzing in the reaction is due to the evolution of hydrogen acid. Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) —> MgCh(Super Simplified Q&A Series—Sciencg, milk is slightly acidic due to the presence of lactic acid and its pH ig, pH slowly decreases and it becomes sour since more of acid 10 releas aking soda or sodium hydrocarbonate (NaHCOs) is to ma, line. The base released will neutralise the effect of lactic acid Pres ‘sets as curd, it becomes more acidic and pH decreases. In the alkaline Mediup ‘it takes longer time to achieve acidic medium back so that milk may set as curd ‘what soil conditions, do you think a farmer would spread or tres ‘ quicklime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydr ia te) ? (Knowledge based ; N.C.E.R.T. In Tey ‘becomes acidic when there is either a high peat content, iron minerals or there j Give one example of each. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2010, 2012, 2015 ‘are those which ionise in aqueous solution almost completely. Hydrochloric acid ric acid are common examples. | are those which do not ionise in aqueous solutions to a larger extent. Acetic acid acid, carbonic acid are some examples. ain why is hydrochloric acid a strong acid and acetic acid, a weak acid. How ca verified ? why aqueous solution of an acid conducts electri of pH paper on dipping in solution C and D. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2012, 2013pads, Ba Ans. ses and Salts #o Five solutions A, B, C, D and E showed pH as 4, 7, 1, 11 and 9 respectively when tested by * gniversal indicator, Which solution is + Notre (i) Strongly acidic (ii) Strongly alkaline (iv) Weakly alkaline () Weakly acidic Arrange the pH in increasing order of H* ion concentration. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E, 2015) (i) Neutral (pH = 7) ; (i). Strongly seit (OH i) (ii) Strongly alkaline (pH = 11); (iy) Weakly alkaline (pH = 9) : (v) Weakly acidic (pH = 4), Now, higher the pH of a solution, lesser will be H*+ ion concentration. In the light of the above information, the pH values in increasing order of H* ion concentration is: fii) < (wv) <<) < fii). 7. (a) Define pH scale. Draw figure showing variation of pH with change in concentration of H* (aq) and OH-(aq) ions. (+) Mention the pH of acidic, basic and neutral solutions respectively. (Memory and knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2016) (a) pH value is a number ranging from 0 - 14 which gives a measure of concentration of H* ions in the solution. The entire range of numbers from 0 - 14 with 7 in the middle is referred to as pH scale, The value of pH gives the measure of acid or basic strength of the solution as shown in the following figure. 4 jaa ee o ). Q. 12. What is tooth enamel chemically ? State the conditions when it starts corroding. What happens when food particles left in the mouth after eating degrade ? Why do doctors suggest use of tooth powder/tooth paste to prevent tooth decay ? : ar RE (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2011, 2014) Ans, (i) The tooth enamel is chemically calcium phosphate having the formula 3(PO hard. : (ii) The enamel starts corroding when the pH inside our mouth falls saliva present in the mouth becomes acidic. (ii) The bacteria present in the mouth break down our teeth by corroding them. (iy) The contents of the tooth paste are basic in present, As a result, the corrosion of enamel Bette dott es, 2,Super Simplified Q&A Series—Scienca, y Plaster of Paris is 2CaSO,-H,0 which means that o: Me Molecule , two molecules of CaSO4. The formula is simplifi t ied and writte is an essential constituent It of antacids because it neutr; acid which is released in the Stomach. That is why it NaHCO; + HCl —+ NaCl +H,0 + Co. ‘of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof containe: Alises the iS Calley rs. Why ? (Knowledge based ; N.C.E.R.T Booky ce of moisture it sets into a hard mass called gypsum. 1 3 } : 7 '0 —> Caso, 2H,0 b) granu! (Knowledge based ; C.B.S. Ps NaOH (aq) + HCI(aq) —> NaCl(aq) + H,0(aq) a > pr formed are of sodium zincate and hydrogen gas. Zn(s) + 2NaOH (aq) —y NaZn0,(aq) + Hy(g) Sodium zi ‘zincate ‘name given to the bases that are highly soluble in water. Give examples. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2012) | soluble bases are called alkalies. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Potassium NH,Cl + NaHCO, a Baking soda Ans: Ans. 2NaHCO; —? NayCO3 + H,0 + CO Sodium carbonate NayCOs + 10H,0 —> NaxCO;:10H,0 ‘Soda ash Washing soda Uses Washing soda is used: * for washing of clothes. + in manufacture of paper, glass. © For removing hardness of water. as a cleansing agent. sige { 0.22. (@ Identify the compound of calcium which is yellowish powder and is used for disinfecting drinking water. Write its chemical name and formula, How is it ed ? Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved. Also list two other u he comy (ii) Write the balanced chemical equation of chlor-alkali process. : NazCOj is used : Ans, () The yellowish white solidSuper Simplified QUA Series—Sclence-y (a) entity the substance, Write chemical formula for is crystalline form. nm the given information, identify the nature of the substance, te two more rises of the Hubstance, (Memory based ; C.B.8.B. 2013) ts washing soda, Its chemical formula is NayCOy.10H,0 the aqueous solution of the substance In water turns red litmus blue, it i» basic in Is used in laundry for washing clothes, ‘TAs used in the manufacture of glass, paper and chemicals like caustic voda and boray for the reaction of atmospheric CO, gas on the bleaching (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2013) CHOC (5) + CO2(g) —> CaCOs(s) + Chile) blue colour of crystals of a substance changed on heating in a closed test tube bur ‘Was regained after sometime on cooling. Name the substance and write ity emical formula, Explain the phenomenon involved. f¢ ame and chemical formula of two such compounds whose one formula unit is ‘with 10 and 2 water molecules respectively. (Memory based ; C.B. 2015) E ormation suggests that the blue crystals are hydrated copper sulphate )4'5H,0). They were dehydrated on heating. However, on cooling, they again get 0 ‘moisture from atmosphere. The chemical reactions involved are hard on ee ne of water. It is alsoans. Salt whose olution has pH more than 7 must be formed from a strong base and weak acid. : Examples are NaxCO3, KyCO3. Salt whose pH is less than 7 must be formed from strong acid and weak base Example : NH,Cl, P and Q are aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide respectively. 0.2 Which of them will turn : (i) blue litmus red or (ii) red litmus blue ? Justify your answer. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2017) Ans. Aqueous solution of sodium chloride is neutral. Hence, it will not change the colour of any of the litmus paper Aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is highly basic. Therefore, it will turn red litmus blue. 0.30. Explain the following giving chemical equation in each case. (i) Baking soda is heated (ii) Washing soda is heated (iii) Gypsum is heated at 373 K (i) On heating baking soda, sodium carbonate is formed. (Knowledge based ; C.B.S.E. 2017) Ans. Heat 2NaHCO3(s) —> Na;CO,(s) + CO2(g) + H20(@) (ii) Heating of washing soda produces soda ash. Heat Na;CO3-10H,0 — > Na;COs(s) + 10H;0(g) Washing soda Soda ash (iii) Heating of gypsum at 373 k produces calcium sulphate hemihydrate also known as of Paris. . Leg See 4 CaSO4-2H;0 373K _, CaSO4° , H20(5) + 5 H20(g) Gypsum plaster of Paris Match the important chemicals given in Column (A) with the chemical f Column (B) anaes) waeSuper Simplified Q&A Series—Science-y (Knowledge based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.RT) calcium carbonate, When nitric acid is added to it, carbon dioxide pas js ction can be given as d you dletinguish between baking powder and washing soda by heating (Knowledge based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R.T.) ‘formula of baking powder is im hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO,). Whereas soda is sodium carbonate (NajCO,.10H,0) Sodium hydrogencarbonate on gas which will turn lime water milky whereas no such gas is obtained from Heat 2NaHCO; —> Na;CO; + H,0 + C (Knowledge based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R.T.) ), salt A is commonly used in bakery products. On heating it forms ), B and CO) gas, C is evolved. When CO; gas is passed through lime (CaCOs), which is slightly soluble in water making it milky. )s ; C — CO> gas gas X reacts with lime water to give a compound ¥ Y which is t in chemical industry. Identify X and Y giving the chemical s involved. (Knowledge based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R.T.) roxide, hydrogen gas and chlorine gas (X) are formed as by- lime water, it forms calcium oxychloride (bleachingwe Ans: Q. 8 Q9. Mg(OH), (v) Potassium sulphate K S04 KOH (vi) Calcium nitrate Ca(NOs)) Ca(OH), For making cake, baking powder is taken. If at home your mother uses baking soda instead of baking powder in cake, (a) how will it affect the taste of the cake and why ? (0) how can baking soda be converted into baking powder ? (c) what is the role of tartaric acid added to baking soda ? (Knowledge based ; Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R.T.) (a) Baking soda is sodium hydrogencarbonate. On heating, it is converted into sodium carbonate which is bitter to taste. 2NaHCO; —Hest_, NayCO3 + H,0 + CO, () Baking soda can be converted into baking powder by the addition of appropriate amount of tartaric acid to it. (a) The role of tartaric acid is to neutralise sodium carbonate so that cake does not taste bitter. ‘A metal carbonate X on reacting with an acid gives a gas which when passed through a solution Y gives the carbonate back. On the other hand, a gas G that is obtained at anode uring electrolysis of brine is passed on dry Y, it gives a compound Z, used for disinfecting drinking water. Identify X, Y, G and Z. (Knowledge based ; Hots ;Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R.T.) chlorine gSuper Simplified Q&A Series—Sciencay ‘able is a white, soft substance is dough. When ompou not be used for moulding ir? Give the reactio (Knowledge based ; Hots ;Exemplar Problems N.C.E.R7, ‘is used for making different shapes is Plaster of Paris. Its chemic: 4 a" ea (CaSO,4.}H;0). The two formula units of CaSO, share One \s a result, it is soft. When it is left open for some time, it absorbs moisnyr, ‘and forms gypsum, which is a hard solid mass. 411,0+14n,0 + Ca80,.21,0 Plaster of Parisa acids, Bases and Salts we Exemplar Problems.N.C.E.R.T, Sen te MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 4a Mark the correct answer out of four optio 1, What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of base in a test tube ? (i) The temperature of the solution increases (ii) The temperature of the solution decreases (iii) The temperature of the solution remains the same (iy) Salt formation takes place (a) (i) only (b) (i) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (i) and (iv) An aqueous solution turns red litmus solution blue. Excess addition of which of the following solution would reverse the change ? (a) Baking powder (b) Lime (c) Ammonium hydroxide solution (d) Hydrochloric acid 3, During the preparation of hydrogen chloride gas on a humid day, the gas is usually passed through the guard tube containing calcium chloride. ‘The role of calcium chloride taken in the guard tube is to : (a) absorb the evolved gas () moisten the gas (c) absorb moisture from the gas (d) absorb Cl ions from the evolved gas 4, Which of the following salts does not contain water of crystallisation ? (a) Blue vitriol (®) Baking soda (c) Washing soda (@) Gypsum 5, Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of (a) strong acid and strong base (b) weak acid and weak base _ (c) strong acid and weak base (d) weak acid and strong 6. Calcium phosphate is present in tooth enamel. Its nature is E (a) basic (b) acidic (©) neutral (@)_smphoseri i {A sample of sol is mixed with water and allowed to sete The clear() (i), (ii) and (iii) 4 (d) (t) and (iv) being used in kitchen can also be used as the raw material for making (ii) bleaching powder (iy) slaked lime (©) (), (ii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv) belly powder is sodium hydrogencarbonate, the other constituent | (b) tartaric acid (d) sulphuric acid advised to brush our teeth regularly. The nature of the tooth paste (b) neutral (@) corrosive correct about an aqueous solution of an acid and of a base? (ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid (iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base_ Bases and Salts @ qn an attempt to demonstrate electrical MH Conductivity through an electrolyte, the apparatus as shown, was set up, Which among the following statement(s) is(are) correct ? () Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not acidic ii) Bulb will glow because NaOH is a strong pase and furnishes ions for conduction, fii) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete iv) Bulb will not glow because it depends upon the type of electrolytic solution (a) (i) and (iii) (®) (ii) and (iv) (0) (ii) only (@) (iv) only 21. Which of the following is used for dissolution of gold ? (a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Sulphuric acid (o) Nitric acid (@) Aqua regia 22. Which of the following is not a mineral acid ? (a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Citric acid (c) Sulphuric acid (d) Nitric acid 23. Which among the following is not a base ? i ‘ (a) NaOH (6) KOH a () NH,OH (@) CxHsOH : 24, Which of the following statements is not correct ? he @ Ae cats tia ges waa can donde Fn a le s =Super Simplified Q&A Series—Science-y hydroxide solutions of same concentration are solution is checked with a pH paper. What would be the ilo Colour guide (b) Yellow (d) Blue true when HCI (g) is passed through water 7 as it is a covalent compound. hydroxyl ion in the solution the solution due to the combination of hydrogen ion with war (b) (iii) only (ii) and (i) for acids ? () Sour and change red litmus to bluepats, Bases and Salts g fX24 Practical Based Questions While performing the experiment to stud i " econ wit hdpen oc ee Nn MOH wih NCO (a) their colour (b) their odour (c) lime water test ay (d) pl paper. (C.B.S.E. 2013) 6, When zinc is treated with aqueous NaOH solution (a) a colourless and odourless gas CO, is evolved () a colourless and odourless gas 0, is evolved (c) acolourless and odourless gas Hy is evolved (@) no reaction takes place (CBSE. 2013) 37, A solution having pH = 7 shows the colour with pH paper which is (a) Yellow (b) Green pee (d) Orange (CBSE. 2015) While performing an experiment to determine the pH of le solutions given to a student, he/ = she adopted the following steps of procedure to oa cones toll : ao (@ Cut small pieces of pH paper and placed them on a glazed tiles. (ii) Mark the test tubes containing sample solutions as A, BC and D. (iii) Observe the colour produced and match it with the coloured chart. (iy) Put one drop of each sample on the pH paper with the help of a dropper. ‘The correct sequence of the steps of the procedure would be (@) (ii), @), (ii), (iv) (&) (i), (ii), (ii), (iv) © (i), @), tv), (ii) (d) (iv), (iii), (ti), W. (C.B.S.E. 2015) 38. A student studied the reaction of HCI with zinc and of HCl or NajCO; and compared the properties of CO, and H2. Correct observation would be that both CO, and Hp are : . (b) non flammable aL Cre (© colourless (@) heavier than air. (C.B.S.E. 2014) 40, When zinc metal reacts with sodium hydroxide solution on heating, the gas a (@) turns lime water milky — ) combustion — (Q burns with a pop sound CH;COOH iSuper Simplified Q&A Series—Science.y observation is incorrect ? ) B och _ Wd water, the pH of new solution will be (b) >7 : @ =0 on between zine and sodium hydroxide solution are (b) sodium zincate and hydrogen (a) zinc carbonate and hydrogen (C.B.S.E © 40) 5 (@) 6.) 7-(d) 8.(a) 9.(b) 10. 14. (d) 15. (a) 16.(6) 17. (c) 18.(d) 19. (a) 20. (0) 2A. (b) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27-(c) 28-(c) 29. (a) 30. (d) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (c) 37. (b) 38.(c) 39. (c) 40. (c) 44, (a) 45. (0) excess ofBases and Salts id is an organic acid, - 23, CoH0 isnot a base Statement *b’ is not correct, because metal oxides do not form salt with water. The correct matchings are as given in ‘c* ‘The resulting solution will be neutral, Thus colour will be yellowish green. 7. Both (ii) and (iv) are correct statements, ‘Acids have sour taste and turn blue litmus to red. yp. HCI + H;0 —> H,0* + CI 30. The representation ‘d” is correct, 431, The solution that turns red litmus to blue is basic. Therefore its pH > 7. egg shells contain CaCO which reacts with HCI to form colourless gas CO; whieh carne Jime water milky. 433, 10 mL solution is neutralised by HCI = 8 mL. 20 mL solution is neutralised by HCl = 16 mL ‘4M, Antacids are used to cure indigestion due to acidity. 38. CO) will turn lime water milky. H2 will not do so. 36, Zn(s) + 2NaOH(aq) —> NaZnO,(aq) + At 37. Green colour will develop. 138, The correct sequence of steps will be (ii), (i), (iy) and finally (iii) 39, Both the gases are colourless ‘49, Hi will form and will burn with pop sound. it is strongest acid among the given ‘41 The reaction will be most vigorous in case of HCI because