PGS. HA VAN VUI TS. NGUYEN CHI SANG Ths. PHAN DANG PHONGPGS. HA VAN VUI TS. NGUYEN CHi SANG TH.S. PHAN DANG PHONG S6 tay THIET KE CO KHi TAP 1 (In lén thit hai) LT NHA XUAT BAN KHOA HOC VA KY THUAT HA NOT2006.LOI NGI DAU Cing vii su phat trién ciia nganh co khi ché tao may, nam 1980 "86 tay thiét ké e9 Bhi” gom 5 tap do cdc ccin bg Rhoa hoe cila Vién Nghién ctu co khi B6 Cong nghiep bien sogn da dude Nha xudt bdn Khon hov ve KS thudit lan tugt dn hanh. B6 sé tay la tai lieu tham hho shudn tién cho ede hj si va céin b6 bY thude trong ngénh co bhi. Tuy nhién sau hon hai chue ném tin tai, nhiéu noi dung trong sich céin dive déi mdi va cép nhGt them. Sut ra déi cia "SE tay thidt ke co khi” lan nay - 2004 nhdm dap ung yeu cdu "SO tay thiét ké co khi''gim 2 tap: Tap 1 ¢6 9 chung bao ham cdc néi dung ué ede ud dé hy thudt chung, thidt hé eb _Si tre gitip clita mdy tink PC, udt litu ché tao mdy, dung sai vé lip ghép, nhém bé mai | 00 yéu 06 cila het cau mdy va thiet bi, tink cong nghé ea bel edu, cde chi tit kep chat, ede chi tit va AG phn tiéu chudn va cong nghé phi bé mat him logi. Chuang 1 do thae si Nguyén Chi Sang vd thac si Phan Dang Phong bien soan, Chudng 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 va 9 do PGS Ha Viin Vui bién soan. Chuong 5 va 7 do thae si Nguyén Chi Sang bien soan. Tép 2 com 9 chuong gidi thigu edie loai truyén t6ng co khi vic ede you t6 cua truyén dong nlut trayén ding bank rang va irye vit, truyén ding wich, truyén dong dai, truyén dong vit-dai 6c vé truyén déng binh eéc, true vd 6 true, khdp truc, cic mai ghép thao duoc (then, then hoa, v.v..,). Tép 3 cd 10 chuang gém ede ndi dung vé ede moi ghép khing théo duive (han, tin, dan), duding dng va phu ting duime dng, thidt bj thity Ie va Bhi nén, hép gidim de, Io x0, co edu bit Rin, vét liéu va thiet bi b6i trom, cd thit bi do, diéu chink duge lp vao thiée bj va déng co dién, Cac uw ligu dita vao 86 tay la ca tiéu chudin Viet Nam thuge ede chuyén ngdnk Bg thugt da duge dé cdp. Song citng con khd nhiéu link vic RS thudt chua cé tiéu chudn Vigt Nam (TCVN}. Trong truimg hop nay chiing t0i da sit dung ede tiéu chudn ISO hade ede tiéw chudn cd Bhi cite hd nude cite nude Céng hoa lien bang Nya (TOCT) vi ede tidu chudn FOCT da qui quen thude dit si edo edn BG hy thudt co Rhi cilt nitde ta, Vike dita ra cdc tiéu chudn TCVN, ISO va FOCT nhém cung cép cho ngwdi thiét ké may va thiet bi ede thang 86, hich thude ca ban va yeu céu hy thudt ding dé tham khéo, con su la chon thong tin lé tity thuge ude nguili thidt RE, Trong khudn khé' mit sé tay tra cttu nén cade théng tin, tu ligu dutge cho dudi dang ote bing vd bang két hap wdi hinh ve, cde phuidng phap tinh todn thidt k€ hod kiém tra, cde yeu edu hy thuGt ve... Nhidu tidu chudn TCVN, ISO va FOCT da didde ban hanh tie rat law nhung dén nay vdn chita c6 tiéu chudn mdi thay thé ud.vdn duce st? dung co hiéu qua trong sin xuét.‘SO tay thiét ké co Rhi" la tai lieu lam vide cho-ede hiv su vd cén bG ky thudt cv Ahi ché' tao mdy, déng thai cling lé tai liéu tham hhdo cho ede thay gido, ede sink vien, hoc sink nganh ed khivché tao may hod c6 lién quan dén ca khi trong ede truting dai hoc cong nghé, ede trating cao ding vd trung hoc k¥ thudt cling nhu cde truéng day nghé. Trong qud trinh soan thdo "Sé tay thiét ké ca khi", chiing toi d& nhdn duge sit gitip dd hét site qui bdu cita Vién Nghién citu co khi BG Cong nghiép, cla nhiéu nha khoa hoe thube ede truing dai hoe céng nghé va cde Vien nghién citu. Chiing t6i xin chan thank cdm an vé su gitip dd chan tink nay. Véi kink nghiém va hién thite da tich liy duge, chiing toi da c6 gang hét site dé 66 sdch dat dude mitc chat Luong ma ban doc yéu edu. Song do kha ndng thu thép tai ligu vd xit ly thong tin edn 06 nhitng han ché nhét dinh nén hhéng thé tranh duoc nhitng thiéu sot. Xin ban doe xa gan chi bdo cho. Thu tit g6p ¥ xin gui vé Nha xudt bdn Khoa hoc va Ky thudt, 70 Tran Hung Dao Ha Néi. Ching ti xin tran trong cam on! Cac téc giaChuong 1 A. CAC VAN DE KY THUAT CHUNG 1. BON Vi DO é thong don vi quéc té (SI) HE thong don vi quée té (ST) 06 6 don vj co ban 1a: mét. kilogam, gidy, ampe, 49 Kenvin, cuéng do sang; hai dan vi phu: gée phdng, géc khéi va 27 don vi din xugt quan trong. Cac vn dé cata don vi do va hé thdng dan vi quée té (ST) duge gidi thigu trong eae bang tir 1.1 + 1.8. Béng 1.1. Cac don vj do cia hé théng don vi quéc té (SI) Bai twang Ban vi do ky higu Bon vicobén Chigu eai Met m Khai wong Kitégam kg Thai gian Giay s Guang d@ dong dign Ampe A Nhigt 6 nhi8t dong hoc 86 Kenvin * Cudng d9 sang Candela cd Don vi phy Gac phing Radian rad Goc khdi Stéradian st Bon vi ddn xudt Dig tich Meat yudng m ThE tich tat kh ™ Tan 56 Hee he Mat 6d Kilogam trén mét khéi kgtm? Van t6c (to a0 Mét tren giay mis Van t8s ge (te a gc) Radien trén giay rad/s Gia tée Mat trén gidy binh phyong mis? Lye Niuton NTidp bang LT Bar |vong Ban vi do ky higu ‘Ap sut (ling suat co hoe} Pascal Pa Céng, nang lugng, nhist iugog Jun 3 Céing suat oat ign iuong, dien lich Culong © Bién 8p, higu dign thé, suc ¢ién dong von Cuing 46 didn tring Von trén met Vien Dien 1s Om a ign dung Fara F Dong c&m tng velee ve Bian cam Henry ‘Cm ding tir Testa T Cusdng 06 tu trucng Ampe trén mét Am Sue ti dong Ampe A Quang thong Lumen in 86 chs! Candela trén mét vudng ecm? Bd roi Lux he Béng 1.2. Ude va bdi thap phan cla cic don vi dee nay bél Ghép He 86 cén phai ahan véi Ten ky nigu gon vi use atte a 19% . ents t sos . pied e 10" . nan n 10" . mict6 p 10° . nil m 10? . cont ° 10? BQ 6x1 4 10 . deca aa 10" . ecto h 1 . kilo k 10 " mega M 10° giga ¢ 10! “ tra T 40"Bang 1.3. Quan hé gitta cac din vj do van tée, lye, momen hye, 4p suat, cong, cong suai Don vi éo thutng éuge sit dung Bun vi do theo hg qué 18 Si Quan h@ cla den vi Tan gol ky hieu Tae coi ky higu tye Kilégam ue «Ge Niuton N [1 kG = 9.80665 N Momen tus Kildgam lus. met kG.m Niutan-met Nm |1kG.m= 9.80886 Nn Ap suat va tng suat Kkilégam lye trén mét vung kim? Pascat Pa (Nim?) |1 kGim? = 0.80865 Pa Kildgam ve ten centimet vudng | kGfom? ot nt [1 kGlem? = 98066.5 Pa Kilagam lye tr6n milimet vubng | «Girne nt nt [4 kGimm? = 9,80665.10° Pa Atmotahe ky thugt at at at | 1 et = 08088, Pa Ber ° bar nt mt |1 bar= 10" Pa Gam trén centimet khéi atom? Tai teén met khdi vem? Met tren giay mis, Vong trén phat vgrph Vong tren gly vers D6 ben giay ois Kilogam te.met kG.m Kildoa git kwh Kitégam lye met trén giay kGmis Ma luc m Kilogam tren mét khdi nt vgn te (tec d9) mei tren gidy Van toe gde (160 d6 ade) Radian trén giay nt nt Céng va céng suét Jun nt Cat at Mét 06 hode kdl fuong rieng kien? nt mis radis nt nt SN) nt nt 1 glem? = 10° kam? 1 tm? }0° kar? x tygiph= 2 rads alph= 35 tugis = 1% = 0,0174533 radi, rads kGm = 9,80665 J hW.h = 36.108 kG.mis = 9.80665 W mi = 735,48'WBang 1.4. Chuyén déi tif insd sang milimet 1" = 25,4 mm Inga Inse Inse Pransé | cain fe" Fo pranee | cam | MM oss | oan | Slime evainse | thap ante | "| ota nea tnap phan | | ca neo thap phan | 1164 aoe | 0.397 zsies | 0.3503 | 9,128 see | cea7s | 17.462 1132 00312 | 0,794 38 og75 | 9525 | asiee | o.7031 | 17,259 yea oss | 1,491 2sed | 93006 | 9,922 zz | arte, | 18.256 6 o.oses | 1,587 raz | o4os2 | 10,919 | 4764 | 0.7343 | ssa sis 0781 1,984 2res | 04218 | 10.716 wa 0.78 19,05, 3192 0.0897 | 2.981 76 o4a7s | 11112 | 49a | 0.7656 | 49.447 7164 01093 | 2.776 oes | o4531 | 11.509 | 2532. | o7ar2 | 19,844 ve 0.125 3,175, 15732 | 0.4887 | 11,906 | ses | o7e6s | 20.281 9164 0.1406 | 3,872 aves | o4e43 | tag03 | 136 | otzs | 20,637 5932 01562 | 3,969 12 05 12,70 sea | 0.8281 | 21.034 vies | 01718 | 4.366 awe | 0.5156 | 13,007 | 2702 | oe4s7 | 21,431 ame} 0.1875 | 4,762 i732 | oss12 | 13.494 | ssa | oese3 { 21,828 33164 | 02031 | 5,159 asia | ossea | 13,891 78 0.975 | 22,226 7182 2187 | 5,586 se | 0562s | 14,267 | 5764 | o.pooe | 22,822 1504 | 0.2343 | 5.983 aves | os7ai | 14684 | 2932 | 99082 | 23.019 14 0.25 6.35 19192 | 05937 | 18,081 | so@e | ooata | 23,416 vied | 0.658 | 6,747 sea | o6093 | 15.478 | 1918 | o9s7s | 23812 wz | 02e12 | 7.144 518 628 | 15875 | e164 | o9sa1 | 24,209 yois4 | 0.2968 | 7,581 aes | oesoe | 18,272 | siz | 0.0687 | 24,808, 5it6 osi25 | 7,937 2132 | oessz | 16669 | sa64 | ooee3s | 25,003 2ve4 | 0.aze1 | g.as4 | agree | osris | 17,068 10 10 25,40 1132 | 09437 | 9.731 ' Bang 1.5. Chuyén déi tir 46 sang radian Gée Curg rad G6e Cung rad Gée Gung tad Bbc Cung rad " 9.00005 9 0,002618 7 0.296706 39° 0.680678 z 0.900070 10" 6.092900 18° 0314189 40° 0.698132 3 ooccnss 20 0.006818 19° 0.931613 45° 0.785398 a 0.000019 20" o,o08727 20" 0.249065 50" 9.872665 s o.000026 ag 0.011838 ae 0,986519 56" 0.989031 es 6.000029 50° 0.014544 22" 0.989972 60° 4047198 r 0.000036 ” 0.017483 23° 0.401426 6s" 1134864 s ©,000039 2 0.034907 2ae 0.418879 70" 1.221730 cm e.o0044 a 0.052360 28° 0.436332 15 1.308997 [L_ 10" 0.000048 a 0089813 26° 0.453786 80 1.396268Tiép bang 15. Gbe Cung rad Goo Cung rad I Gée Cung rac Goo Cung tad 20" 0,090097 By 0.087266 ar 0.471299 as 1.483530 30" 0.000145, 8 0,104720 2a 0.488692 20" 4,570796 40" 0.000194 7 0.122173 2" 0,506145 400° 1.745329 50” 0,00242 a 0.139626 30° 0.523599 320" 2,094395, 1 9.900291 a 0.157080 a 9.541052 150" 2.817994 2 0.000582 40" 0.174533, 32” 0.558505 180° 3.141583 s 0,000873 uw 0.191986 aa" 0.575959 200" 3.490659 e 0.001164 12° 0.209440 24" 0.593412 260" 4,363323 5 9,901454 13° 0.226893, 36° 0.610865 270" 4.712380 6 0.001745 14" 0.244346 36" 0.628319 300° 9.235986 r 0.002036 19° 0.281798 ar" 045772 360° 6.283185 e 0.002327 16" 0.279253 38" 0,663225 400" 6.981317 Chg thich: 7. Radian |a gée duge ohn bai mét cung bang bén kink 2, trad = S717 44,8" 53° = Vidu 4, Vint ra radian goe 43°44" Tu bang 1.5, xac dink éuge: 40 3° 10 * 20 a" 26" 698132 rad 0,05236¢ rad = 0.002988 rad 0.001164 rad "= 0,000097 rad = 0,000039 rad’ 43°14'28" 2. Tinh ra 48 cung 4,862 rad Tu bang 1.5, xée dinh duge: 0.754701 rad 4862 rad 12969 rad 0.149611 rad 0.139826 red “0.008985 rad 0.008727 rad 6.001258 rad 0,004 184 rad 0.000084 rad 0.000048 rad 9.000086 rad 0,000044 rad 4862, rad 0.017455 rad = 270 30" 4 2783419H. GIAL CAC TAM GIAC VA DA GIAC 1, Tam gidc yuéng (hinh 1.1) b=actgu; tN Cho a, a. a Tim b, ¢, F. & Hinh 1.1. tea= 2; u=90"- 6 eB bo 5 atesina, tep= 2, p= 90-0, Choe,a. Jb=ccosa; Cho a,b e Tima, 6, = 2. 5, FE sina, Time. Boe Fes ya" + b¥ = —E = ro %, 2 sina = 2 5a= 90° B; e cos B= 2:85 90°- a; Cho a, ¢. a Tim 0, 8,5,F.) p- foto Ke+alle-a} =e cosa =csin B: Peo ferBRw = Locsin B. 2. Tam giac thutng Truong hop 1 Cho a. By 80" - (B+ y; hoaea. 0, B. 8o- fats Tim 6, ¢, F. | y= 180° (@ +). Cho «, 8 7 Time, @, B, F. teas 2siny asinB _asinB__ Ba" Bo acosy’ sina sinB+y) cing = 230, p= —bsiny_, o= ny __asiny “oe! @-boosy* sina sin(3 +) pe absiny pe sin Bsiny . a) 2sina Aetep+ctey)Trudng hop 2 a> b (do dé B nkon); fi <@ (hinh 1.2) Hinh 1.2 asin ra c-acosb +dcosa= 2°"! 28 cosa tye’ — 6” sin’a; sing Cho a, 6, a. ap bsina ge Thy tame Tim pyc F. sinB = ——; cos = y1— sin’ Bs 7 = 180° — (a. + B); pe t0siny _ besing 2 2 Truéng hop 3. >a, Co hai phueng an: B < 90° va f! > 90” (hink 1.3) sing = 23M oo3g <4 fl sin’ Bs a y= 180°- (a + B) 2B; Choa, 6, a. Tim Bye F Hin 1.3 3. Biéu thite cia cac géc tam gide 46i véi cde camh va nita chu vi Cho a, 6, ¢. Tima, B, y, F. athic Nita chu vi P= ilcos B cos y= sin t v a® ac —0? | Rac Bab = {FOP ny ab B 3 ¢08— F= JP(P-aVP-i(P-o). Pea ac , sin B= JOrMPro) in p= 2 ac bt +0 - Bang 1.6. Da gise déu + 86 anh; ¢-canh ca da giac ban kinh vang tron ngoai tip 1+ ban kinh vong tren ni tiép; F didn tich eda da gide. ce © ss 180. arg 1008 i a LF Sin Bag OY an Fg 18% pana 7 @ : F 3 1,732R 3,464r OS77%o 2,000F 0.288c 0,500R, 0.433c% 1,299R? 5,196 4 W414 2,000r 0.7076 1.4146 0,500c, 0,707R 1,000¢7 2.00087 44,0007 5 A176R 1.4536, 0,851 11,2386 0,688e 0,809R, 17218 2,378R? 3,6337 6 1,000R 1155 14,0006 1,185 0,866¢ 0,866R 2,598¢7 2,598R* 3.4647 7 U.886R | 0.963r 11526 11D" 1,038 | 09017 3,635c? | 2,736R7 3.a7tF 8 O,765R, 0,828r 14,3076 1,082 14,2076 0,924 4,828? 2.828R* 3.3147 9 O.084R 0,728° 14626 10647 41,3740 0.940 6.18207 2,893R7 3.2767 10 O.618R 0,650r 1.6186 1,082¢ 1.5396 O.951R, 7.6947 2,939R? 3.2407" MW 00,5642 0,587r 1,7 75¢ 4,042 1,.703¢ 0.960R, 9,364c7 2.974R7 3,230" 12 08182 0,536r 1,932¢ 4.0357 1.8666 O.966R | 11,598c7 3,000R? 3,215 16, 0,390R | 0,398" 2.5636 1.0207 2.5146 | 0,981R | 20,109 | 3,082R° 3,183" 20 0,373 O,31?r 3.1966, 40136 31876 0,98BR | 31,569¢? 3,090R® 3,168 24 0.2618 0.263 3.8316, 1,009" 3.7982 O,991R | 45,575¢? +3,106R? 3.1607 32 O.196R | 0.197% 510% 14,0057 5.077¢ | O,955R | 81,225¢? | 3,121R* 3.1527 4a O.AS1R | 0.131r 78450 1,002r 7,629¢ | 0,908R | 182,08? | 3,133R? 3.1457 64 0,098R | 0,098 | 10,190¢ 1,001r | 10,178 | 0,999R | S25.69c? | 3,137R? 3.4447 12Il, QUAN HE LUONG GIAC Bang 1.7. Cac cng thitc qui déi lugng gide Ham ye + Poe £ age ide -m 20° & 180" 0 270 4 260" ba sin = sina veer Fina ~ cose sin (ea) cos soos a sina = COS o sino cos (+ a) ta -ig@ Fete tige Feige tata) tg -ciga Fige, rege Figa alg (£4) Bang 1.8. Biéu thite cha mét ham lugng gide thang qua ham lugng giée hae Adi vdi cung mot goc Ham tuong giae sine cosa tga ota tgs 4 sina = - yi-cos? a Tregbe oct 4 eta <0 i ® stg? I votg?a — tgae - olga 4 etga= we - Cac céng thifc lugng gia 6 ed ban sin’s + cos*a = 1; sin (a + B) = sina. cos f+ cos « sin Bs et te cos 20 = cos’a - sin* sin 2 os (a + B) = cos o cos F sin a sin By (w+ B= (tg at tg B) : (LF te a te Bi ctg (a. + B) = (ctg a ety BF 1): (otg B+ ctg ws . 2 sin 2a = 2sin a cos a= otga+tgo =1-2sin’a = 2 cos’a. 2 = JU aeoay = 2 (sftrnng) -fI-vina 13cos = [RU 0080) = 2(YOeaina) +YTrema tg@ = Sine. 1088 | Siew 2 l+cosa sina 1 1 ce Z = Se. $8080 | Sepa eoae) : 2 l-ctga sing 2sin® & = 1 - cosda.; 2cos* «@ = 1 + cos2a. Iv. CAC HINH PHANG Cac yéu td cita cc hinh phang: F - dién tich; P - mét ntta chu vi; L - chu vi vong tron; n ysé canh cua da gife; R - ban kinh vong tron ngoai tiép; r - ban kinh vong tron ndi,tiép; O - trong tam; p - ban kinh cong; y, va x, - cée dai lugng xde dink vi tri cba trong tam duoc gidi thiéu trong bang 1.9. Bang 1.9. Tinh toan cac yéu té cha hinh phang Fat= Le ibs o707td= VF Zs x a= ata vF =14168 TEAS | A 0-8 giao diém cba cae dung chéo > O- gine diém cha cde duéng chée: -2 ye 3 F Feavca=F i= 3 b 0+ 8 giao dim eta cas dudng choo; aZ wD Binh han 14Tiép bang 1.9. 3 oly [ate ot-c2 2 | + ps tiaebeoysnas 6= {RP-aNP-DIP He) | 0+ dgiae diém cia cae tung tuyén 5 BG, = CA 598 o? = 2,998R" = 3,464? R 55 r; r= 0,866 c= 0,866 R; 0-6 tem hinh hee, ¥e= 0.865 R; Yor + 848m hinh hee: y, = 0,924 R B6i v4; inh 8 canh: F = 2,828R? | 7=0.924R ¢ TSR L = 2ar = 6,2832F= 3.14160, r= 1:6,2092 = YFTSIATE = 0,5040F a= i384 = JF O7EEE = 1.128 0F o- tam ela ving tron;Tiép bang 1.9. 2 ae! FR 7 1,87087 = 0.392708 ; = oe azaee Yee By 2 Os Nua tron 2 2.31618 ae fo EARNS = porasra = e= 4 = 0.008727? sa = 57296! 2 7 2 3 EZ LLB, x ee ) vat e223 yGr=F) P= Ti ofr: f= 0.017450 0; ete an? in 87.2961 = Fa x(R? - 7) = 3,1616 (R? -P)= TAN6(R + (R—F) = 0,7854 (4? a?) 858d + dyN(— ah); O- &tam hinh hee; YR Qual vanh khan = Rae ath - Bye F = (Re -)= 0.008738? - A) = 2% _ ig? _g2) = 2 ae = (dd?) = 0.002180 (a? — a?) ; i360 yee ‘ , (=A jsina n= 98.197 Kiso * Pa 18Tiép bing 1.9. Tri 86 gan dung cla chu vi 2p = 3.1416 ya" ~ 8°) Tri 86 chinh xac han cila chu vi ; ae aso fae =o) PE Fe nab = 3144606 0-8 giao diém cba cac true: ¥,= bi F,O= FO, = fa? 2? notes Ban kinh cong tei dig 2 ye Bg Koh tam e= Chiéu dai cda cung tron entip pa g| M220 “a Enlip L V. DIEN TICH BE MAT VA THE TICH CUA VAT THE Bang 1.10. Tinh toan dign tich bé mat va thé tich cia vat thé Hink’ Dign tich bé mat F, | Khoang cach 191 trong bé mat ben Mt tam xq. Fs Thé tich Vo M = 2x0h = nah Yo= Ty 7Tiép bang 1.16. Dign tich bé mat, | Khoang cach téi trong mt . a Hin bé mat trén A 18m X. Yo Tee toh v F = t6ag cign ticn ota ; b 88¢ tam gldc + dign tich yor th ¥= dign tien cba day x 2 . a g lia day ‘M = dign tich bé mat > trong + dién tich bé mat hee Ve nh tr? Py goal yee HM ce ath Me neh + ny) Ve nena A Big ahh Tha (by est xiér 2 Fa dni = nce - ve fas ea 22, ane =2 5 eho) vs Sartre Quat eéu 18Tiép bang 1.10. Hinh® Digan tieh bé mat F, bé mat tran M Khodng each tél trang 18M %. Ye Thé ich v Chim edu M= 2nrh = = fe + 4ney Me wie = arti ut? F = tng ¢iGn tich ota eae hinh thang va day won, day aust a4 for ghe e294 geil th h ve ale f, - day tron, fy day dust M=no= tren} _ (Pate ae) rare ah ve aking Hin xuyéin F= miDd = 9,86960¢ ners 9.739 RE + O- trong tamVi. CAC Yéu 16 VE SUC BEN VAT LIEU VA TINH TOAN sic BEN 6.1. Cée yéu t6 vé site bén vat liu (bang LU + 113 Bang 1.11. Médun dan héi B, médun trugt G va hé 56 Poisson p (6 nhiét dd «20° C) vat wou Modun, kG/em? He 36 z 3 Poisson x Thép cacton (2-21).108 81.108 0,24 ~ 0,28 Thép hop kim 21.1098 81.108 0,25 - 0,30 Thép dite 1.75.10 - - Gang xam (@e-1,5)10° 45.108 0,23 - 0,27 Gang xam ci én GX28-45; 38.60 (12. 1,6).105 (52-7,0).108 - Déng kée ngudi 1.8.10 4.9.10° Béng can 15.108 40.10% 6,31 - 0,24 Ding brong thige BCuSNSZNSPb3, BCuSMtUP1 | (0,78- 1,24) 10% - 0,32 - 0.38 ing brong khong thie duc BCUAIOFed, BCuANDFedNid (1.05 - 1,2).10° - 0.32 - 0.38 Bong brong duc 1,05.108 42.108 - Bing ate 084.10" - Déng brdng phot pho can 4.15.108 4.2.10 - Béng latong mangan cin aat08 40.10% 0,36 ng tatong nhom (1.0-1,08).408 | @.7 = 4.0).108 0,32 - 6,24 Bing lating kéo Nguoi (0.9 1,0)10° G5-2,7).10° 0.92 0.42 Nnémn cin 059.108 (2,6 - 2,7).10 0,32 0,36 Suara c&n o7t.108 37.908 - Hop kim age (0,7 -0,72).108 2740 0.32 Hap kim mege (0.4 - 0,45).10° - 0.34 Tectolit (8 - 10),10° - - Vinipiat tém 94.108 - - Kinh hi eo (29 4,1).10° - 0.35 0.98 Cactong (1.4-2,0).10¢ - - Teflon - 4 (GAT - 0,85),104 - - 20Bang 1.12. Momen quan tinh doc, momen can va ban kinh quan tinh cda hinh phang Momen quan tinh doc, J Momen cin W, : i Hinh dang mat dt ngang we ee ne jn Ban kon aun inh ala nin ee c= J, = 0,050" We = WY, = 0.10108) = d,05dt1-c}* ros D = 0.3590 : we Ade ARs | Je 0,006064! = _ . wottor r= a0xe60 onsze wd a 42 2 oo, yet IE 0.250 1 Ga = O05 3 128 Nia tron 21Tiép bang 1.12, Hinn dang mat ct ngang Momen quan tinh doe, Momen cn W, om! Ban kinh quan tinh j om oe Sint 180° 3 2 xa? Qual tron ‘Chit thich = 2rsin® eo 2rsing Sen 180" ink fh ine 180° sina 180° 4 Bn rth Nita vanh khan we ie = 0.17 4 ry rh ~0238r4rf A i We Bet wE oF 2 na? Quat vanh kinan 22Tiép bang 1.12. Hin angi ngang | MAm@NeuaN nh doc | Homen cn Bn Kah aus tai, od ra* Tn rear “| CEB eo! 7 red 2 Profin juon tron €61 xung A LOE. 2 . nav? 2 6 EP? so765400" | 4,» 2» 0.706400 2 42 228 wo.resaate | w,= 22%. 0.70800% 4 Enlip Vubng ring. 23,Tiép bang 1.12, Hinh dang mat cat ngang Momen quan tinh des, J, om! Momen can W, om? Ban kinh quan tinh 4, i 5, - ~Al? AX ol i 8 R= 0.4088 - ve — a sek 15 Vusng rng méng Kthi eat cae ge tren va ‘duéi lung we thi momen sheng usin tang len dén W, = 12469 vung rng ce g8 0,286 yb? - oF Chir nhat 24Tiép bang 1.12. 1uan tinh doe, w, en of an kinh quan tind i Hin dang mat e&t nase Momen quén tinh doc, Nomen cin W. Bén kinh quan tinh j, cm em’ } om ba € = 0,289 x b8 atcos% sins spy Foose Bay | steostucotane [x featur Pana acosu bane Chir nhat xoay or y= bet, ta bay >| Bei s = ' ab ao} ZA 8b wr ‘Chat nhat rang wy s Fg ee kay SB h : (Bat: | 58 { area) Se} sot Chir ahat ring mang | ayn np ‘ 2 eT Binh) ben A) ny 0,289 Mat cat gdm 2 hinn chit nnat baog nhau 25Tiép bang 1.12. Hinh dang mat e&t ngang Momen quén tinh doc, v) Momen can W, Bén kinh quan tinh i, diém 3 day be 2 mt cm? om Khi tinh toan ting suat 6 on dinh tam giée: 36 2 bi -te be i= 2 =0230 vam a hi tinh toan cng sual tai We no a Ot aba eat) hi tinh toan Ging suat tai aid 3 aay tren ne? + 4b0 va?) wy, 1225+ a) neat ** Bla) 4 365+ a) tai 6idm 8 day dudi: x fae? eaberay 17 (@? +4ba +a?) 3 w= 20 vere vy 2 B23 125 = 23) 3 bre Hin thang A. Sold es =x fi bina’ 43 Dna wee wy * a gy 24 ba Hinh thang 26Tiép bang 1.12. Hi dena mat ct gang | NORE WAN in aes | Meman gin WT San wh aan vn cr om em nyo DSi vo the dui “a & + ony le “ wf i ono 5 36 vi tn tn F a, F sonar | poe a= [ne 2 i Mn ¥o OY 12(br, = 0,4) 2 yay = hh fee v4, = tin Hon,» EP) @ char iy Pal be ont 209? a 1A . tua | { nis BP + * ee ee Too] priwhs | w, 2 = (hh Jb* hth 2by)* bid + 20)i2n +m) 5 4 Ge RuRE te eh y= b°(n+ Ay) Alb — 24 oh, + Th = Renae 2m? Chitu y <] 3 3 s by (b+ on? Ww, Dif sob J, = SA (be dy en fas yee: ' AK 4 a : 6h Z tet” ng «thn w= Aone Zr 5 a ra oe Chit thap g < x O64 heac 12h? = 0,625a°, 45653 = 54 tat 5418" 0,287A L. ‘Sau canh déu _ ve Sans ¥ , Why = Wy ). 1005 = 0.08478 Wy 6.001277 Tam cann déu_ QTBang 1.13, Dac tinh hinh hoc cla 46 ettng viing va dé bén déi vei mat cat eda dém thing chin xodn. Vitti sia él €6 ang Hinh dang mat eét agang Momen quan tinh, Momen en khi xodq, sual lon nat ota ddim) ni xan, J, . em W... om? Me - : kien’ M% Tron i Ung suai lin nhat xvat hose hign tai t8t €& e&e diém tren chu vi mat ct ngang =i sie w= 3 = 1.57 Ung suat lén nhat xuat hign igi tt 68 cf diém hose hove trén chu vi ngoai cua We So= OTS wu) | Wee WY, 30.20 (1 ty | dt oat ngang, xa? dee TE 32 | J Va khan méng 8. ff 2, Tat cB cac diémd w= 278 trang eiing mot diéu kién 2 (g8n ding) Le a sot io ‘anh khan méng Ug suat lan nhat tai aid | iehong khep kin A, Tal didn 8 ing sual s= 0 s<0J0 28Tiép bang 1.13. Vili ada diém ob Ging sud Hinh dang mat cét ngang Momen quan tinh Momen can khi xogin tan abst cha dam Khi xoan, J, em* he om Mm 2 kGtom? Mat edt iron duge vat Ung suat |@n nat xuat hidn h ux Seton we Fe 285°) fa girs mat edt ag Foster — |phdng caiém a) a Tai céc gée + = 0 : t err | d : - Tron 68 anh won t ‘ona sual lon mhdt xudt hién ! 4i= Kye day rnb (diém A) Gia tl cli cdc He 50 K, va Kp phy thude vio 7 eee R | % |0008} 01 | 02 } o4 | os | oa | 10] 18 | 57 | 16 | 5.56 | 148 | 1.22 | 092 | 0.83 | 098 D=2R | 064 | v.22 | +22 | 129 | 131 | 102 | 191 | 263 Enlip dae Gng suai kan ahat tai diém A. Ung sual lon ahat tai cide B, = Som a phe? Ws a hb? Ung suit én nbait xudt hign 6 gitta chiéu dai canh mat cét (aiém A), ‘ing suat tai diém B: 7= ty), Gia ti eta cic he 98 uf va y phy thude vao 2 120] 129] +26] 150] 195] 200] 250 | 300 400 | 500] 600] ao Jroon| He 0.208 0.219] 0,221]0,231]0,239]0,246] o,259] 9,287 0,220,291 |a,209 0.307 [o.s42 |0.393) # [o.t99[o.196]0,172)0,196[0,214]0,228| 0,249] 9 263/0,261]0,29+ 0,299) 0,307 [0.212 |a.a39 7 | 1.02 | 0.93 | 0.98 | 0.86 | 0.82] 0,79| 0.77] 0.75) 0.74] 0.74 | 0,75] 074 | 0,74 | ove 29Tiép bang 1.13. Hinh cang mat e3t ngang Momen quan tinh Momen carr khi xodin, suat én ahat Viti eta aiém c8 ang | cha dam khi xodn df, er* ome M = Sh kGiom? mw 6 cann bode 8 canh déu ae We koe Dd} vai inh 6 can i va t nh i vei hinh 6 cann ' | . K= 6.217 & gitta canh, i vei hinh Be | [Pay nen Bem ain eco | glace : " =O. ef 4 JF - Din tich mat cat 0.238 Tam gidc déu 6 glia canh, pe Bat cde goo 40 ‘" 4619 2598 = De tums Me Tp um 6.2. Tinh toan site bén 4. Tinh todn stte bén kéo va nén Khi tinh toan thiét ké, dign tich mat edit ngang elia chi tiét F duge xae dink: py PO em? 4] trong dé P - Ive kéo hole nén, kG; ung sudlt cho phép khi kéo, kG/em*. Is,] Khi tinh toin kigm tra, edn sae dinh ting suat thuc té va so sfinh véi img sudt cho phép as F cto) 2, Tinh todn site bén cdt Khi tinh toan thiét ké, dién tich mat ct ngang cita chi tiét F duce xic dinh: 30PF sem trong a6 P - tai trong cdt (trugt), kG ; In, - ong sudt cho phép khi cit, kGfem’. Khi tinh toan kiém tra, eda xae dinh img sudt cat thie té t, va so sinh voi img swat cho phép 3. Tink todn site bén xotin Khi co ngdu luc tae dung len true (hodc ddm) tao ra mémen xodn M,, thi trong mat edt ngang ciia truc dim) sé xudt hién tng sudt tiép 1. Tri sé lén nhat etia ting suit tiép dat duge trén bé mat cua true: Tamas trong dé. M, - momen xoan, kG.em; J, - momen quan tinh dge cue, em" ; r- ban kinh eda true (ddim), em; W,= — -momen cin khi xofin, em®. r Déi Voi mat cat trdn vA mat ctit c6 hinh dang die biét khic, céc cong thie tinh J,, J, W,, W, duge gidi thigu trong bing 1.18, Khi tinh toan thigt ké true: trong dé {t] - ting suét cho phép khi xodn, kG/em® Dai vai dam cé mat cét ngang tron, W, = 0,3d" Khi tinh toan kiém tra, cdn xe dinh ting suat tiép lon nhat = ot sin A Tome, 31Goe xoin 9 duge xAe inh: trong db 1 - chigu dai truc (dim), em; G+ modun trugt, kG/om? (bang 1.11) 4. Tink todn sic bén uén Khi chiu tai trong ut dam sé bj cong theo huéing cia luc tae dung. Khi 46 lap vat ligu 4 phia 18i eta dém bi udin cong sé chiu kéo, con é phis lam - chju nén. Lop vat lieu é gitta dim khéng chiu kéo va chiu nén duge goi la lép trung hda, Cac cong thite dé xe dinb momen uén, phan luc géi ta, do vong va goc xoay cua cae dam cé mat cAt ngang khong déi véi e&e sd dé kep cht va chiu tdi khde nhau duge gidi thigu trong bang 1.14. Cie tng sudt kéo va nén, gay ra dai ud, dat due gid tri lén nbét tai ede lip cdch xa lép trung hoa nhat duge xac dinh theo efing thite a i ai ,kGiem? trong dé M - momen uén, kG.em; W- momen ean, em’. Khi tinh toan thiét k@, edn x@e dinh momen can trong dé lo] - tng suat udn cho phép, kGfem". Khi tinh ton kiém tra, cain dam bao diéu kign bén 5. Tinh todn dam chiu bién dang phite tap Bién dang phife tap 1A té hop cac bién dang dan gian (kéo hode nén cing vdi udn hoae xoan, v.v...). thi chiu bién dang phic tap, trong dim s& xudt hién cdc trang théi ting sudt phic tap lam gidm dang ké stic bén etia chi tiét may. 32YZ oy ye wd Tay id py Y= Z yy wot my z ¢ (1-2 = Ww tday aaa) wel by new Wap p nus PS) Bus 39D ey ROOK SOE pus Up upp valeur ep WOW WOWOR BP np WU URE ‘Buu Up! Buen 6p ‘Igy uep Buonp yuu; Buprys A 1Rq 19 Wu Buox, ugn UsWoYy auIOU 2A OM] UEYe, Bupnp Suép “wep 189 484 op pg oN (19) © 274g pa os Suu ayo WUE ego ddp YUP WENb Uautour - “p +CaropE) 9p 194 WEP UNpoLE - ¥ :SugUd veut Sago Saou Bump ov (w9/)y) oq WEY Buda pe Op BagNd - b (yy) Suna dia omy - q Mua Dy) wyp ens Z aA IA SUN. Sunp Bueya 33 Bueyd year Buon Lawow - fy naiy £4 ofp mosU Budaj Iw], ‘wrYp IEW CYS TEN UaWOU gp naIG ka Oy GRP HupNp nary Is Bug “urep eno Tey amar yur A Ley FU YBa Ips Sun ZupNI (Op) *g “Ig AvOx 908 va (ura) “a UYU UD| BugA Op (2) = a TOY UEP Suenp yus Fuonyd \(uDgy) yy qeyU up] UN UsuOW “(T Op 98 WOK - WEP BNO TR WUL DYP ure, Bud. wa Fonay op voy 298) 2 Op wo7 9 G4 32q ago Ww Buon (2)"py = “jy uo ueMoUr ony natq “(leyd BAI 198) "Ay “ge BA CHE WAL 108) Ypy sy ony UEYA coYD Bueg uo] 1p Buggy Sandu iyo agur go Yury UgIP WEP ago IDA IOp Uaq ons UOL YUL “FIT SUPTi nary & c a “3th (ge Bale” ee) SB 2 | wep p tw (ga) yeu 990 18 Reox 265 ypuu UB} UgN Gewou eA 196 p Upn welwow gp nai 94 UEP “TRU UDF BoA op "IOY LED Bunnp yup Bung ‘1 ea 1g9 Ww BuaK ugh uawow | Yawou e637 gua Gunnp Bubp ‘wep \By9 424 op og oN . L . FIT Bung dary 34. eg =H v3, nan , jegy 7 ® tree n cosa wes w | . ‘ WEEEO) ; aoe | SB -s Lacy Taye q on y Wey (e525) 9, | we” wan | 5259) a“ ‘ : eee . tw oe omy 4 z piagay 3 z b ey eain ‘eave | rel t= te Fea {gu up] ugn uous chigbe vor uauou 9p gia "ou vep ; WEP 2 nul {je9) yew 992 Ie) Asx O95 yeuU Up] Bugh OD ‘Igy Uap Buenp YUL BUEN “04929 189 iw Buon Un uewory auicw 2n 2h] UE SBunnp Bubp wep Teua dé 9p PS FYE Fung dary,Sb cous, een 3 “sate bg ; =) 0-8 2 ae = od tees ty e 13 ong 2 ob ab weos'0= 2 44 2 pon0- =" -pa 2 = a uw Os 2 ua (2 nae = dg g z *p396 (2250) B zlaw- 26-2] =A p777e gil Ly ou B & a? ney —_ eet =% | fe-ne beetuy ‘leg etl" tszee! ps2] a. . vee aty- = few fatz (es 750) z (2 ly le te peo saey 5 Ree "het Zy- =" one P z 13 2 wy eo eb) Me vp5z5) wy z 1 z -2)2- ia yerige dz-0 eye = [« flake ele 2-00 l- ay 8 . W5Z50) t rave tote ae zy os eo 6 Wh (ea) jul 5e9 18) Aeox 095 EWU Up) von wauow Bit igh e ugh UauIOW Ep ARIA PUUED ‘WeUU Up! BURA 6p “Igy Uap BuENP YUL Buen, “Ay eq 129 Ew Buoy Yon MoMA, UaUoW EA 3A) Ube Sunn Bue ‘wep 1eys day gp 9s oN BUT Sung dans 362 4 ena] + taeege aisaey z£ Zz a ’ e iP oye wi iv + eye " a ¥ ew »tZ gL wet | ay W. . Fy a a an * 2 oe Ti 0= Boy lief ge Ore 8 wet aw ph on “6s "3981 sew 8 e680 = 2 uy PE 2 . peca a vf fz 8 8), ' c 2] 2-12-22 |o ow , vii 8 8 La- me 23/3 oa “ woey eo tte 03 = 3 luge © smu {4g9) ul 989 961 KeoK 29B ypyL Up] Ugn voWoW ey 196 @ ign uawow 9p npia 94 ueD iN ‘puU Up] Buss op “Oy UEP OUBM Yuu BuOAY ‘on ieg 1g9 18 yon ugn vewloyy uowou ex af] uel Buanp Buep “wgo B49 48% 9p 0S PET Fupg dong‘eae lez + Ned on _ ye 20 corn (ee t-= W z y5250) wed? aL a jz 4 @ (pe tag 8 we 7 pae='o : a z ra8e po ay = oy SF ca ayy LIBEL, z t we ft ‘ cis pt gv tz PHP =, i =g= z i gp p anu go] 3g oF 18} Keox 998 equ UBL UgD WewOW en 108 9 ugh uawour op ngiq gu wep y equ ae) Buon 6p 194 Lep Bupmp quia Busnyd “fo: yea ape eu BON UDR URWOIA awow ea 2A| Ute Sugnp Guep ‘wep reus 434 9p oS FEE Fung dary 38,sttkek2(39) Trong truéng hop nay, viée tinh toan da bén duge tién hanh véi ting suat qui dé hoge cdng suat tuong duong o,. Céng thiie xae dinb cée ting’ suat tung tuong cho cde loai bign dang khae nhau d6i véi cdc vat ligu khée nhau dude gidi thigu trong bang 1.15, Bang 1.15. Ung sudt tudng dutong o,, eiia cde dim chiu bién dang phite tap Leai bign dang So 46 tai trong, Ging suat tyeng durong (qui ddi} ‘Dac tinh vat ligu bn va ués 4A hye os 5 1 | Nea va usm 2 nue Me Glen va déo ! ae we eae My ig et Sy t ¥ Pp 2 be Kéo va utr Z qf PM, Gien va déo g tig= E - Me j Fw, 4 J . z Ala» ou* yop +3 a Cat va kéo uy —_ | Déo ow BAPE? x 4 Cat va kéo Wea sg = O.5(a + yng + 4g) Sion : j ows feet 8 Cat va nén o> 2 yp? 30? Gien F oe = Oia, + yee +48 30Tiép being 1.18 N«_f/Loai didn dang So 46 tai rong ing sud tuong sueng (qui dai) Bae tinh vat igus a= fede Be | . fee 0 oat Ey of 1 6 Xoan va kee: ay = 05a, * Yara} Gin ou = Yaad | dn va xodn cba Mis owe 1 dues o75me) pee ’ dim mat eat 1 uv" gang tron & mats ee Me Bla, + fogs dr) Gon ala oa= fog vae Dee 8 Cat va usin y= 05a, + yfo2 4x2 ) Sion Aya 9 Cat va xodn = fa? sty Déo M, 4 = Gia yy tau)? 4 Bre Déo Usin, kee va Q gf % xohn ms a= 0.5le, 49,4 Ya, 4a, Poa? Gion Chui thick: 40 1. Cac chi si dudi dang: td - tuong duong, k - kéo; u- udm; n= nén:¢- edit; t- xodn 2: Dac tinh (Ai trong - tinh,sttkek2(41) 6. Tinh todn dam chiu udn doc Khi tinh to€n cae ddm dai chiu nén (hinh 1.4), ngodi viéc kiém tra dé bén, can phii kiém tra vé udn doc theo cong thite: af F slo.) trong dé P - tai trong (luc nén does cché lam che ddm bi F. dién tich mat cit ngang eda dim khong tinh dén (rank, ranb then, v.v..); [o,] - ing suat cho phép chiu nén. Hé sé p xét téi su lam gidm tng sudt nén cho phép cia dim phy thuéc vao 46 déo 3 cha dam, Gia tri 4 duige xac dinh thee eng thite trong dé: 1-chiéu dai i - bin Ieiah quan tink ohé nhst eda mat edt ngang Syq,- Momen quan tinh nhé ohiit, em’; F- dién tich mat cat ngang, cm*. Hé 80» phy thade vio phusng phép ngim dim. Khi cae dau mit dam duve kep chat bang khop ban 1é (hinh 14a), > 1; khi mot kia ty do Chink 1.4b), w= 2: khi mot dau mit duge ngim ecing, cn dau mit kia khép bi (hink 14e), = 9,7; khi ed hai dau mut duge agam ettng (hinh Ld}, = 0,5. mit diée ngam cting cén dau mut Gia tri cla hé sd p duye cho trong bang 1.16. a) b) c) Hinh 1.4, $0 dé cac dim bi uén doc 4)PON ef0 nly A 0auL (L alr r wo : ovo | ero | eo - 5 eo avo | ovo | oz | zo | avo ovo ovo ovo | ove | oot : zo no | avo | oz | zizo | we ozo +50 eso | 6x0 | 08 : - eve svo | ovo | on | sao | avo 929 e909 zo | sco | oe - - pave avo | azo | os | eso | exo veo Leo veo | sao | ae - ie ao avo | evo | oa | agro | 2eo oo ao oro | ovo | 09 i oat - ove wo | ovo . au | aca | ero us +90 sro | evo | 08 - : Wo eo | oro oat | ao | ave ago eo evo | zo | op - - | era sv0 eo ost | seve | seo lea ze0 eso | seo ee | gee so | oro ; ovr | seve | seo tea 680 seo | 260 0 : see zo | ore > on | asso | avo seo a0 aso | 6s | ot : : eso avo | aro | oz | oot | cote oe oot oor | co 2 0#-12x9 st or 2x9 879 nOINISIDG! | OFO NOINIS-Os) | OFS BreZxo | 9¢-21X9 zo erecxo| sr-aixe ozo szunor | 989 cdot ‘szuWoL | 869 wevexe | ae2ixe zr19 verexo] erziKo ' zeio | soap ec zupreL IsL9 eieng f zur, | LS19. z0-S1x9 eto ze-s1x9 1 #19 Buep aul buED dea - pd os Sy UND 147 BIN “gLT Supe 42Vil. CO TINH CUA VAT LIEU VA ONG SUAT CHO PHEP 7.1. Khoi long riéng ciia vat lieu va khoi long cia chi tiét may Khoi lugng cia chi tit may duge xae dinh: Gaw trong dé: G - khéi lugng eta chi tit may, g (kg, De y- khdi higng riéng cha vat liga, g/em" (kg/din’, ttm’; V - thé tich etia chi Liét, em" (dm’, m‘), Néu thé tieh cia chi tiét dude tinh wg centimet khéi (em) thi khéi lugng tinh bang (g); hi thé tich tinh bang déximet khéi (dm') thi khdi bigng tinh bang kilegam (kg), con khi thé tick tinh bing met khdi (m') thi Ichdi Ivgag tinh bing tin (t) h cdia ede chi et cd hinh dang don gilin duve xae dinh theo cde cdng thie toan hoe sd cap. Déi véi cdc chi tiét co hinh dang phitc tap cd thé tinh toan thé tich bing cach phan chi tiét thanh cde phén ed hink dang dun gin rdi cong th don gidn lai, tich clin ede phan Khoi lugng ota cac banh ring duge tinh todin thea dudng kinh vong chin. Khi tinh (oan khoi Jugng cba ee 16 xo hinh tru cin xAc dinh chiéu dai khai trién cia day lb xo va tinh toan ihéi higng 16 xo trén eo sd chiéu dai khai trién nay. Khoi ludng riéng cla mat si loai vat liéu ché tao may duge gist thigu trong: bang Bang 1.17. Khoi ludng riéng cha mot sé loai vat liu ~ Tr vattéu Fh ong wie Kh wong ng Hp kim nom: - Nicrém a4 cin ats Thiée gue 2,85 - 2.95 can 73-79 Chat déo amin 145-1,56 due 72 i Tectolit amian 18-407 Pardnit (cao su arian) 15-20 BEng breng Tam chat déo clovinyl 1,281.27 shor aw B91 6p 14-15 thige 37-88 cacsu 13-18 Viniplat tim 1.95- 1.40 chi 3-14 Phat ky thuat 0,22 - 0.38 Thee Sol 1,95 1.45 can 7.86 Hatinac (nha cach dign) 19-14 aise 78 GS ep 118 hong gi 76-18 Cactong: Kem 49m lot 08-985 dic 6.6 -7,05 cach dign 035-148 von 7128 Sng Laténg (thauy: Gang can 85 xém 70-74 gus 83-86 80 va a bén ca 72-74 Hop km mage 175-18 Ebonit x7 tnaat cien 1.25 sng 3.94 4B7.2. Hé 86 ma sat (bang 1.18 va 1.19) Bang 1.18. Hé sf ma sat nghi va ma sat trugt r 7 - H@ sma sai nghi Ha s6 ma sat tact 1 | Vatligueda cap ma sat | — . KhOng b6i tran 6 boi ten Khéng baitran | Co bei tan Thep - Thep 078 O1-0,12 ~~ on8 + 008-01 | Thep - Thep mém - - a2 61-02 Thep - Gang os - 0.18 9,05 - 0,15, ‘Thap - ng brang 0.12 0.08 «0,12 0.10 2,07 - 0,10 Thap - Tectotit : - - 0,02 - 0.06 Gang - Béng brong - - 0,15 -0,2 0,07 -0.18 Béng bréng - Déng brang - 04 oz 0.07 0.4 Ce0 su- Gang - - og 05 Kim logi- G8 06-06 01-02 03-06 01-02 Da- Kim foal 08-05 0.18 os 0.18 Bang 1.19. Hé 56 ma sat khi boi tren kém Adi voi truc thép trong 6 truc vat iu é true “He sé ma sat Vai figu 6 true 1 He sé ma sat [Geng xam 6150.20 Poiamit, capron 0.18 - 0,20 | eng ehiu man 012-048 Niling 0.10 - 0,26 Dang bréag (thanh) 010 -0,15 Chat déo 96 ép 0,15 - 0,25 ‘Trang babit 0.07 - 0,12 Teflon, khéng boi tran 0,04 - 0,06 Teetolit O15 +025 Cao su, bai tran nude 0.02 - 0,06 Hé sd ma sat lin déi vdi vat ligu cap ma sit; Thép mém - Thép mém 0,008, ‘Thép toi - Thép tai = 0,001 Gé-'Thép f= 0,04 7.3. Xae dinh dé cimg cia kim loai va hop kim Dei vdi phan In cae logi thép (thép eacbon, thép niken, thép c6m, v.v...) c6 thé xae dink gén ding gidi han bén oy = 0,35 HB. Do cing Brinen thudng duge xac dich theo dudng kinh vét lim ca mét bi thép ed dudng kinh 10 mm ép vio bé mat thép duge do vai ue ép 8000 kG duge duy tri trong thoi gan 10 gidy. Day 1h phugng phap do tiéu chudn, Co thé dang phuong phap khac véi duiing kinb vign bi, hic ép vi thai gian duy tri lue ép kde véi qui dinh trong tiéu chudin, Khi do trong ky higu dé cttng phai ghi rd cae thong ef tren. Vi du, HBS (250)30-200, nghia 1a, s6 dO cing theo Brinen 200 khi thit vdi vien bi duting kinh 5 mm, véi Ine ép 250 kG duge duy tri trong thi gian 30 gidy. So sinh gan ding gida cac d6 cling titu chudn theo Brinen, Rocoen va Vicke dude gidi thigu trong hang 1.20 44Bang 1.20. So sinh gan ding cic do citing vita kim loai va hap kim Brinen] Rockoen | Vieke | Brinen | Rockoon | Vieke | Brinen |Rockoen] Vicke ]Brinen] Rackoan | Vicke cHe | ero | ny | He | HRo | Hv | HB | HRC | Hv | HB | HRC | HY 143 144 | 202 - [gor aoe [23s | acs) aes [at 551 rae | a7 | zor | 18 | 20g | a1 | sa | siz | st2y 92 | ser a || ta | 212 | 19 fata | aat | so | azo | ssz | sa | 0s 13 | 12 ] 217 ) 20 | 217 | az | a9 | 339 | 509 | 56 | ona on tsa | 223 | 21 | eat | 340 | a7 | ae | 57a | sa | 54 isa | 1a | 220 | 22 | 226 | 351 | 38 | ser [600 | so | ra ve | | sez | 235 | 23 | 23s | ser | 30 | 380 | e2r ) 61 | 803 v6 |e 165 ] 241 | 24 | 240 | 375 | ao | 300 | es2 | 63 | 87 170} a Oe 65 | 940 raf 74 | 255 | 26 | 255 | soz | 42 | 43a fe - 67 | 1021 79) - ter | az | a7 | 261 | 4a | ea | gas | 69 | rte te | 183 | 269 | za | a2 | 430 | 45 | aco | - 72 | 1220 ser | - see | 277 | 29 | ae | asa | a7 | ava f- : - 192 190 | 288 | 30 | 285} a0 | 48 | soz |] - - - oe | = | tor | 203 | st | aor | av | 40 - : : 7.4, Ung suat cho phép Trong ché tao may, dé x4c dinh tng suat cho phép cia chi tiét may, ed thé sit dung cdc phuong phap cd ban sau: 1. Phueng phap vi phan - bg a0 an toan duve xde dinh la tich s6 eta mét Joat cac hé 86 riéng c6 tinh dén dO tin edy cia vat ligu, mie 4 quan trong cia chi tit may, dd chinh xAc cia eAe edng thie tinh toan va lye tac dyng, cae yéu té khaée xtc dink diéu kién lam viée cia cae chi tiét may. 2, Phuong phap theo bang - cdc ding sudt cho phép chon theo céc tigu chun duse hé théng héa trong cde bing 1.21 + 1.27. Phucng phap nay kém chinh xéc hon nhung 1 phucng phap dun giin va thuan tién nhat cho si dung trong thue té, trong tinh todn thiét k@ vA kiém tra dd bén. Bang 1.21. Ung suat cho phép adi véi thép cacbon két cdu chat Ivgng thuong @ trang thai can néng Ung sual cho phép ®, kGfom? Mac wae wikeo | RhiuSn kh xodn karo ——«:skhiép nen (1765-75) fo) fod. Gl tel td ‘ersa_| 7180] 800 | 600 | 1400 i000 | soo | aso | 680 | 500 | 700 | S00 | 400 | 1750 | 1200 crze | 1250] 900 | 700 | 1500 | 1190 | aso 7 950 | esc | son | 750 | 500 | ave | 1900 | 1350 et42 | 1400 960 | 760 | 1700 1200 | 950 | 10501 750 | 600 | sso | 650 | s00 | 2100 | 1480 eTs1 | 1660] 1150) 900 | 2000 | 1490 | 1100] 1280 | 900 | 700 | 1000 869 } 850 | 2500 | 1750 eT61 {1980 | 1400 | 1109 | 2300 | 1700 | 1250 | 1480 | 1050 | soo |1150| sso | 690 | 2900 | 2190 1) Chit $8 La ma ky higu cae dang 18 trong: | tinh; Il- thay di, tac dung thr 0 dén fan nit va tis Kan nat dn O {mach dong} Il - thay doi dau (46! ximg) Ung suit cho phep duge gidi thigu trong cde bang 1.24 + 1.26 dang cho ede chi tiét khong dién hinh. Cac ehi tiét dién hinh nhu banh rang, tryc vit, banh vit, banh dai v.v... duge tinh toan theo phusng phip riéng duge gidi thigu trong cac chutsng tuong ung cha sd tay aay. 45Che ting susit cho phép d& gidi thigu duge ding cho timh toan gan ding vdi cac tai trong chinh. Hd véi cae tinh toan chinh xac hun e6 ké dén cdc tdi trong phu (vi du, tid trong dong), vie gid tri trong hing duce tang lén 20 + 30%. Cae ting sudt cho phép da gidi thigu khéng tinh dén su tap trang ting sudt va kick thitée etia chi tiét ma duge xe dinh doi vdi cae mAu thép mai nhan ed duiag kimh 6 + 12 mm va d6i véi cde vat due bang gang tron khéng gia cong o6 duting kink 80 mm. Kbi xéc inh ung sudt lén nhat trong chi tiét eda nhan fing suat dunh nghia G,,. ty véi hé 36 tap trung ting suit k, hoae ky Soar = Ke Sain Tae = Ketan Déi vii thép déo (chong nhiét luygn) o6 tai trong tae dung loai I, khéng cdn tinh én hg a6 tip trung whg sudt, Ddi voi thép déng nbat (6, > 130 kG/mm” ving nhu khi lam wiéc 6 nhigt 6 thép) cin tinh dén hé sé tap trang ding sudt (k > 1} cho dang Lai trong I. Déi véi thép déo khi chiu tae dung cit tii trong thay déi EH va khi cé ting suat tap trung cin tinh én hé sdk nay. He 86 tip trung ing s dang tAi trong (I= 1) © chi tidt gang duge lay bang 1 cho tat eA cae Khi tinh todn d bén cho cfe kich thude cia chi tiét, cdc ting sudt cho phép trong bang cho cde chi tiét duc edn dude nhain lén voi hé sé ty 1 bang Ld = 5. Quan hé thye nghiém gan ding olia cic gidi han méi che cae truding hgp chiu tai theo cha ky déi xing Déi vdi thép cacbon: khi udn = (0,40 - 0,46)oy Khikéo ho§e nén oy, = (0,65 - 0,75)0.,; khi xodn ty = (0.55 - 0,85}; Déi vdi thép hyp kim: khi udn ©, = O45 - 0,55)on khikéo hose nén 9, = (0,7- 0,9); khi xodn 1, = 0,5 - 0,85)0,,; Daj vai thép die: khi uéin 6. = (0,35 - 0.45909: khikéo bode nén 9.15 = (0,65 - 9,75)o.5 khi xotin, 1. = (0,55 - 0,85)0 45 Ung sudt cho phép déi vdi gang chiu mon: Gidi han bén uén 30 - 35 kG/mm* img suit udn cho phép 950 kG/mm® déi vdi dang tii trong 1, 700 kG/em* - TT vi 450 kGfem? - HL 7.5. 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