~ C-lo Haro Pekanes Ke Lato Bee Ne ’ Az The @iganie Compounds Ah bhiteh She feritional group” halogen As Co-valen esl ctondedl Carbon gre “Cabbec Haalog cr Doudvactives, alone, Bovvatives z fied Arto sthoo Cotegantes Aassol Apo hy Wort dig ection of = Oonboh” 42 te x yahials the feretional geup Aralogen WS Cole olny Aonded. HM Alege “yr ivachives 5-® a. ( sp3 oO) eyene Feel orl Holoatkanss | atkyt Patel Gubon Al~ Catogery. spi ; “Fhe halogen decvahives 2h bshich ie uhch'o hal, gre up halogen Js Co -.valen el bon cleat 2 to if Arypboradized - Canboh One hassifieel Anto G Cittego sites > (1) Halo _Atkons | Alkyl Aalidiy ae “Fhe ane te halogen dwiiuechives of Folo alkanis Ob-fathrl fy Japlaciny | Ay dagen of atkahe teeth Aralogen which satis, tHe guvial mobeculan — dasimute 9 CoHGmay XK the E~ Conboh ty Which hy ferctiohall group = pot a ae = > a >LL halogen AS oc , c= Valen cl bonded ib Sp" S ne fybrreclized, and is of satura alkons chain. e AS Loken oe | a, © Minvise,: mA awl Beaded ot calla, & Functional Group 4 « rologen is ALLYLEC Gerben. AS ALLYLIe Ht 8p? Aybriachisedl attached dp VENSLTC. i H Gree tg Ch Hoon sig ® functional toub “Aralloge, is Co ~ valencel bondecl to ath ne The Sp? Aybradized Carboh peyt 4, ~ Wire ALLYLIC. Fes dothhe endeol VINDLDC Carbon. - re In a Chae C = Be = aH Overy as = ee ee - f c= ALLYL Habidus — : ¢ s : Fhise wu the Aralo gen Auivatives & dutta | ds e ~ ~ AS called @ Cube is called % CHy : Canl= o> Hy K - sass VINE LEC sp? Auyiee BENZYL tc Habis ~ ducuctives 2h whieh — Jp, tional Aalogen phi Ca Valen chy bondi. ye reer ae PPPPPPPPPPPj Tu - age es canboh attachecl Av ee Nuchious Db el ngy lc al , | ‘ S ie BENZYLEC 8) B Catagory ( gp? toe i: “The alo ger duivativis ih which he nehenal © wp halogen JS (-volthch forded 40 “Sp? te S- Conboh au tive JVINYLIC He en oe ciel “hs on Ate falogeh danivattios th which inctonol _Aalogeh th Co- valihely. beh dad. os Spe Ireanet Gilde Canboh , He loud te Apnclecl Canboh “j& — Callech VINYULC Caxboh. ios ¢ ae ae ae Spt XK 9. Holo ARENES | doy Molidus - oo ie vocbieds Bn ushich dhe netiohal group halo. a to- volerct bonded to" Sp “hybhadisod " Carboh fi Benyne Jig. Hani la X = $e‘ Kw A | 8 ies Liem die (0,45 HC ¢ gen pal ! Re ee Aes! 4 ae Geminal Dihobides oe t NVPCENAL HoG 6 6 rt Al ta | Difalidu ne yd 4 H H t ' ! oe Caer cr} TSoLATED : ! ! x H ih =i Rallis Aunctionall AD Ich Acluticed. fe grou Ak fount : Ah Same Giben ts Khowh ah GEMINAL.D2HALED ES. wc oiled oe PE Why felerctical Poitou coup Gru Present Leh adjacert corboh "is freon ad NECINAL Drapl tunchonall —pes. A> hin idonticel * pou ow poeacnt ah Yan latid Carbon is Krowh a5 PS0LATED Drhatrn €s, =-~ apa maopanngng5unue5gnn4Qg2QUgeaeae eae aaaagagare!FE Ren Rlumaet’ clatth abkonyr : & ir As 9 VA ahd 8 ighly kndertunmic , ah HE Re of Podineitvatth —adkonuihiibodpe lod and alss Savnasibte. Peeragertsen O+ HALoALKANES ye Beupancthin. sf Haloadkonss from fy drcarbons- Auk By clixect Halogneoh q Alkan - awl Kars Oh Re with chlorine ® Bromine Bn He (pusance UV Raclicctons oF by actioh Asot 0 Q00- 400°C fxorn Cexrespencling chloxo ar buco Alkane Ay the fe Roclical “yjubstitudioh mechanism. Qo), crc (orn), “NY. 200-4o0'e a- py “Lede thy. n Wypde q a At PAGED orden of Stoctiaty for chiffoart Fallegen Uh His Ren ts - &> Clo > be >t, {for helagena | Th. and 6 seeactivity f surplacemart Ay doogin f° alkans” in this Reh id - J ae because the Reh ds ws fu yadical Subst tion ruchahism — and” ha Albi bily order ; q the {re yadical, Jb - 3° 2 gsr# Direct feerinetin iy RighOy byt rnd fe irvicdenk. Z Divect inaction Alk nis ~ ae Lbs’ ci C an ae ps ¥ “ Carnie out a, fu Ron of Alkane clicsetty hath , furore ae Highly. Jojothsrunie het aca bald Ren, Which ecto, 2K AKL uncehtr Ab Aha ola bearcaret er ang alkane ty net Lleol ™Mohh.o~ 4 Dosect Pocli nacton Alkans 4s aldo dliscoura ~ gecl OS the Ryn Alkanes — dductOy vaith Tocline ig de Alou Ane seuvuihbe “Ryn. Alkane! Gh Ren path Toclihe faa @vuhondih Vedo Alkan: hath thy oyMatioh 6 Aupdlrogen Te Con), RE mec, Jn the { ho" o0n hc act p Atecohg cad Agent age tk todo alkane there by : suducs fe ' ea He Ron salen Sth ile Ao igh Cohcehtagtioh « of Todo Alkane Cahhot — fo Cbtathed Fhe Seatorsibitely of the Rin canbe prevented by Consting. eub ” the Rn th Hh Peence of styohg sia { Agent Aike Dodie “ Acicl (H203) OH Nite deed (Ne! which —@xiclises Hr fom ah, thie Re ts Todi AB ue gets Axhaustea the realursehidity of | Rx gets y scuegedt . E DPiuct Poihadoh © wth alkane Baer aay Te loi & sevarsihle R +H cee } ff a z > ein duduces ‘ f ‘ ‘ Cale OES i yoy ts Gee mia rtat ‘ ‘ f a i Aloo ahd Kewna’ bd Abron Sep rarer afoes 2H [hin Commbinotisn Chg is cablecl PS0 HTo3 4 Ht ———> 3h,0+3 12 ey Naik A » Mode Acc , Guy - Complete the Rehr 03 He by photochemical) Imoho chlosdhatioh - Coty < Uctees a Be Whichemacal Ca ty Ch + HL FP Ounauracliny _ty + cb 5 CH- CH CHa + CHy- CHo~ He , a : ie } Mayor Wiha ~ A Light “By Halogen Ren Alkane “RA 2] ore Jee CsHa Perrtane , Ch, CH, —Gige CBee (Ace Spode , (N= pentane: ) ) Li \ Vain CH, , (25° Pentane ) . Cis Sh ch, — Cy 1S da1 Cyclo atkorr Ch Hay, | Neo a conboh ehh WANG = Gene jetned sith 4 comb i chy | Hpe~ CH Boles J Product Cy ‘ (Nes partars) \ ws pe Ce ye Soe rine = = ihe ‘ CH, ; TaN de chlor clo ; i. hole 5, Hy ee penta Oye ee Cycle pentyl cious D2 Foo ALKENES. a pt —=—_—=—__—_ ~ U) Cy addition halogen aud do Alkens . « « ( Plagkonnsrkev 's Rue) - Addition 6 hobs th acid ( (uct) dB) (Hr) ) to Lunsyinetrt cal ay occu oe to mmankowonikov/ sulk ty form ‘ Coptred poheling. alkyl halide os he product. Aiccosi din to Mankownikou!s sulle pd drial alkene , th rrepatline past ¢ a ‘ hve USL Uh, the attacheao A ho thet obuitnic ( clowbby bohded J Corben “which " confains | dsawe’” ho, | beat, peas inept dus fe ee 2 Ht Sheree > R- . ~ CH, (Prtkeye beds) he x c f- CH= CH Wi teal Conditi Aam(H ) a: Addition ¢ CRED 4 Br +to Undymeduical abkens Ah ote Pousence Organic pur Onide( ANnTrMA - RKoWNrKoV!s Bore] Pox Oxide | kineagee Soe — oh 4 HBr “4to Uhaymmetracal, alkeho xh > the Presence: of @rganic pir Oude — Occurs Sppesite fo amankoon, sucke” thot is Antimankowhikev's suule Js fest wed —_aecandihg to which the Augative pax al He attacking. seagent goes to” thet phe Canboh which @nfaths "more Mo, sf Pontid Abia thik effect Jabs (Caurcd ah the fuuesshce 6 organic pet oxide ik Tis “allbo Called por cpds ofect. Tt 8 also Kerawh ab kHARASH effect. , : onac pan ontde “i R- CH = Cy SE Ao CHE CHa Bre HERE tkyt Beil . ide ib alge. Limp fo Qa Wl apply Pk er Pulp adé 3 Addition of . di: chalegm to Athen, ciption Ali-hologtn — that a cl) Br ath He wusence & { co etint Rahat Bike arbor lela thDeoide C tcl) dellews any simp. (TRANSADDID TION) Aotitoss Phiri fom bond Covetspohcling Victhal di palids os Me ; Product, Cr i‘ < =¢ bs + [Cosh is ! a \ , RocH = Oe mabdlecty? fe He i Me A Ss ee STARS se Pymeavine pg’ pide Zekich sono . 1 eels Vo seit koe nse ; wr c est [ndatination 3- as 4 —— bsheh . Raclelish 4oiowh Clow Pigs By ts odd 8 undotwroted’ organic Compound Favtng focatizeel — unsatuncton tht He puddish bsowh Co low 4 Auominn ’ faides away. lt, oe rm y (lowers — Viethad “oi Asvomide. This | Re tel a th ha ¢ Aoca lied unsaturation, 4, Altytpe Substitution 2- Che allylic chogeh nian olen Roving ak Coast Ge Ny i No Reaction ( Rh)©CCEE EE EN ee ©) Bepectie 4) Ate Me BL by Rg lcchal path Halogen fictel ne ) i at alegeh actel HX tn the prance a ee “i oe agent _bike once Lihe “Lh Soside fosr corvesponclthe. Alkyl Habide, Phe Aly Holds orm th dhe Ah buy Jnsola ee Jn The madi oppor a8 turbi ae polution and obbearance th thurbicti Marks hs formahon of Athyl Halide.5 as \e Cots w R OH + HX aby. 2n Bon citar GH Ordlor of Reactivity 2 Tacs of Reactivity Te mies tee for Aalogtn acid uth hin Rh ty aie a 2U= Br >H- 7 Heh whowas Hy rede ce four aide mee ig ts eee fer dif fou Ge Ue PY ucas West tc —- —_—_— Tha Aquimalan mixchwu Cehcentyated HCL anol anhydrous Zine, chilercicle (ZC, ) Ab Khow os fyea’, Reagerk, lohich ‘Cah todd the preparation fof o tnase ; Asconclany anc +terctiost is D5, 62) adkyt Phloride pa eto Anta auah alechels beluaren posimary , Aascondory andl Fordhiony- Os pprMlouss . J dv os ‘tation AllecholS ore most sceactiue th this in g0 on RH hraith Mercas seangent The terbidity due do the paewen of ttctiony Adkyp Airs oppeos —_immadiatly , 38° %a 38" A RAE OH hc a &-C- h tio : tunity bho: ta taps© A Aecohdlosy cbeohals crt Less yoadive th Fis Rin do oh RD paith, ubuicas Reagent Ths turbidity Bu to loymotttoh ‘ Aecohclony- Alkyl LhSoside Abprars\ ator 5-10 min | the suaction. Ly ob . BEC BH + Wy Hee eee p= O- | 4Hr0 f aa Zn ch iy Bick. gthibwh tynbidity offan ofan 5-10 © & poumony. Alcchols are Msast juachive | th : this RP go oh RP With fucas Reagent He : uc bithity quid to ~ the emotion ct pdmog alk phiesice class Mot * appears dahdwu Norn conditions but opptors only Hoare Acting. po by appeaoxance “Lupbidil = ty Juscos Rsagerct Cah listinguset betusseh ¢t and Hochiory- altchot. a6! af A i eo wa iy ee +120 H : puxbidty offre hating primey, Arconder y » - Qisth uub Ackoun th tn UY Dag man ih lag fo -@ Propyt Abeohad ond ise foop Alcchal > ® Tho propyl Alcohal and Mo fee AG) fo butyl Accel and ctorchiony. Budy? aeohelsee Allcohels oh R>. paith Hiohyl Lhberidic forms Coseeesponcling alkyl chirside qaith tre Aibsatin of Ay drogen thioridt gas and utp oo tur pli dyer pe As is the moat Conuientent smutto ae He frreparacttoh Ahdero cbkans as - othe induct Y R? being gasss Ascape uk Lo sosatioh o 3 fhfeso alkane Ws Fay. - ut CH CH — 6H, ~ of : t lon. HER On, “only. 2hCh, > CHy- be CH, -h = ae nH oy tusbidity- often A , CH" fie o b- Ct oH I 78 ee] Tide CHa Cr CL = Hod OH, - TP03\~ Phosphextus . 2 as ae PCG Phase id) turbidity Jrrina ding — gym pabhse 6 che pe = -= - rer ~ R + OH + SOC > A ch 4 Haft $o,f = ont ’ bi ~“ “ s 63) Alcohols oh Q” part phoaphasus Danas a ike phesphesius Are choice (Pc) antl «4 phospho sii panda Pho drictar fpr Corresponding s ch fesio alkane. ' S BR HOM 4H: PCY : > BRC ai 4 R— OH te HCl Gy oem Cle Hchy pote, Phiphgl chide | Pious4 ° Alcohals Oh RP paith potadsinnn Adler deh 4 Or potasaiom psomide abe Concentroded : i foxm carvuahon cling AhSexo 0% Bromo > aXKane, i 7 , Conc, R-on 4 KO8/ ay + H,804-—> R~ Cl fy, +KSog +H 20 SS, May : Ee CO itn = ct HS 04 vu — | eos ae ie 1 RSH ee ee by adding €, Od@ 180 got- eS (yl: ae eS KHSay +H; R-OH+ KOU yt HaS04 —> RG Ha Ga o Atsiong oni disp agent 2 Koen Ha Sage S KHGoy + png ale s \ bal be Autphwrie acid camunst be © rutecl lurch dhe at Alcchals woth kP Aecause Kk on RP rwidh Hysby gives KH S0 ‘and HT, AS Aulbhwote cuetcl ix ‘ Abuong oxidiistng agert , Ct OxidiAU HL, foximed ~ th the QR to tedine, ms H2 gts bxhausted fo its attack or Altohab Ao form Ado alkane dos mot occws, H5S%4-4 U8 era D, + S%) 42h0| 9s ipo on BSW) sy + Secu v Ce AHOLD + So, f id aia cH,co ans | rte oS ag OS Ci Hg va br ¢ p> , PHB av) wn + Hip- ee “OS Sr wi) a Q +_ Bre, “whe 4HBy @) CHa br 4 Nap > CHeCHy TD 4+ No Brot R- Cf sts, Rep, 6. Halide Zachange Medhode - ahha i Go & & & @ 6 6 & & & SD ee ee — . Te Aalide fech ees ue Apuciolly. cebighscl doy fi othe, il othe wbc0 alkany and _iede alKanes de on : fd Ae Abfficubt bom ginal -foeharttion mathe fy his arathoel — "Hhe castro ohdathabte eh long, or Ariome alkerws —conupetiel into Co Sots fonoli . flues abKohes or Modo alkants, gee@4) Svat’ Ren °- a Aorta Sotchan methocl Axdusively. pssol {» the pruper -toh { fluor alkanes fiom costesponding, Th this mathod , Ahibero 05 bstohno alkane. oh suactioh natth din DPucuice (Agé) Oe Cob alts J funacide Cenhe) de) mercurous fluc CHg,0F: ov darkimony tot uaride( Sbhs) dorms Cosvctsponcling Poros abkane neth dthe posclpita - deh { metal i 4 chloride on Gromida. eae, Colle Hg Che Sb Us Qo cle Ac he ag Re + Py Ib ree ‘ Ho fr $b @® ( ehant (rele Re: =a tt ASO 0 Arabide Aaxchans pethod and exchusively watd 4 He the preparation { Joclo alkane fiero Coseresporcling oe or Brome alkenes « Th this method Rasily © tnab Le fluesio or Bromo alkane oh hiaathe waith Aodium Dodicle th the psustnce ¢ diy acetone fosm Cesvnspendline. todo alkane roifl Are precipitation q Aociium © chlosside ax Seclium Bromide th doy , , . > ; acetone. I As of toy Acetons . dn thio ROHiade powcibitatt Oru peolone dis) ped’ out Nocd ow NebrQs Nacl ox Nabyr gets [vcthifetscl the arse lly g Y dhe deactioh — get huge and dh RO proceed An dhe eens diachoh — to form Joda a! kanes. ROY, + Nop — ayy gt y Na Cty py - Bxsparecion ar Halo arens ca AN UK I N Holo Bengens CoH X g Prem “Aniline - Cla, Px foreporcction Aovalves Z ite Nu, ) ¢ Flolo arehe, foom Anittne @ Diagodisation — Anibr— ‘ = = Aniline oh R> haidh Nibuy acd thet ca thie mmxt wre and dil. minnal - ace Dtke “Wala, pee Undergoes cltcg oti Sactibh to form benzene diaz ohiut Fhfesude commonly Khoon bas chiagonitum abt ad Ha foioduct > Fhe suactdh 6 Hr. form od of ingonium Salt ks called dicgoti sation, ft ey : ee Cu Ni, eS CN ee oe ho eS eee it a ‘ @ Na No, tH Oat > Nace + HN, Nitbus dca@® Gu-f : : [ dhisgonium balk ® Diazenium Salt ——> Halo aoa a CHs-x (CL,Br) ec [Gus Np oo (cH, —X CCL, Bx) NAL Gatrunann's Q” ND YG naBhe Gi Benzene diagzonium Bal eee Atabe ‘Achiemann at 296°k aactloh (GH. -F : pect Arado enobioh Benzene - 2 foe mie x Be it ta yaidh —_chfesine on Bromine th dank th dhe predsnee of rallogsh corsiian Like chy. ALCR, Oh FeChy forms a eee ee eS ee eS eee Ye “Nog cSee Fae Carvsponcling. chase ‘ a Borgen Direc dicarthaien 1 ati eat carrisel ou and dlisact toelinction ts also basen (fom ssosoning suf AL. Bupdrabin qf baloatkors) Sah (ov Br) Zi Ot oe Bak miley OES excl, Physical Propmctita af Halls atkanss ond — Flea Tebethans od Borhing Porrt 2- v0 fii FFT r sie Babin, aint “oY any chemical © US is clinectty “prebotional sto the maghitud™ q attsacton hort fe betiaser’ fhe oe © Aronger we the — poatvedall forces “ Urtiradion © mow ~ ib the amount erga athubucl to e Overcome dh — ancl Aaghue vis dhe * be ibing ont Pmong — Ahe Wendnv2ald Jones of 2rtanocttond i. e ntismolrcalas, Aydvogen ponding pousont in blo ¢ dhe fighly polor moltculan” th ishich Aydrog ” Bae A dad to Highly. fee heonagattive AR lectoh Jose, BMeenss flucsiingy Fos! is Stonpish fallewac: by Aifpole- dipale ickmaction which art _fyadant ty polos: moluuk and au usta ker dolboured Mirpoion forces ishith AHL, frasent ty Bio dhe mon x mokeculy and ‘are ygeakert Us, an wall forces ¢ Antpiachohs , : The ripnitude ¢ Weahdis, toatl forces ef interaction ts clisuctly Arepotionad tp eeAAAAAQQAADDANAha Awyace ara of rmols wile ond i ee Avapotishal to thu cbronching. of the bh ton). ees al ae a moe TON 0 fa Bata of a: singer ! boandin wall feycos Araa Borranchi q whtraction ¢ — OH RX O Hi ly paar (He Fon)® Polar hrelacule @ non ai oe Highly ue onde > dipo.hie cLipole} inf. iets Strongest ‘Wledkan eB we & ) Cw e ~Rs*--Rex Zs OH cits a £ af eit 9 + Boibin ive Poe + @ Rk Cis Lynd Boiling c-¢ | Non palais Point. raed - ) Di int Qeohods fave —Righue Houtha bailing paint [@) is an pos ding Aaloolkanes q comporabse Ace aust alcohols aro igh secular masse pow lt path Aycbtogeh (ovalertly bonded a Oy. Hleclroneg ecluve atom be Pour a ee mee ok bon ding iehich ia ston ger than dipole ‘itae pousent Un Daas a prilase mollrcules of Helloal Kanes. ———J) oo ODS EE Haboatkans ove Ary B.P. dhan Cormsapordi = ng Arydroeariboh 4 Comparable molecular. iosts Fale alkanes are pola molrculs faving. dipels Antmachohs wAdh ou Atbion Hhah , dhe dishorsion forces preunt th befoteh the Mon- polar malecute of Ay coocanbon. 1(6) Ra 6 < RCS gate o oRnk Ra- 2s dame “ + down dhe greh temp. Aheruadte . CHy < Chy-CHy XK og Ch CHy- CHa —% ‘ 4 1 Ph fease i alkyl abides oving He same 4 altkye bondi ty lif ferent halo gt Weith thud lh Oe aah @ th ihe Aly of. Hale gen from fluorine eo Paclanee the Surface wua © dhe molecules Anos do ‘dhe ama nitude Vanden wadl foreesin Anterachoh _Lhcxeosas ahd fo does “hy Failing port . fox dhe Alkyl Aalicdes Pawtne lifpount alk bondid to ts Falegen id ee Hoa! He Homologous Aries — ustth the Sresease th ! the Ape of alkyl group Thy) dblnce, vorun | Of Amoltcule Urcsase. “So Ake maghetucle { Vanelur oaal forces Y thtvactioh theseases and xo dows tht Aails point. CHy-X < CHe-CHe- CHy-CHp- CHy-y 4 4 ‘ 4 4 ‘ ¢ 4Deomn of Cadig Br eats ea 4 ow . yy yn Caren “Or I Kae oe : ‘ ie (nn Waa re By Hi vieel n Be ge yy tor Bend cH Gi) we—¢ Udine i 5 ae en He - G-Hs HowOH H \ fu) pine ay! mah oy CO) aa Gea a is Te OR Hye bce Be TT 416 qw Cae Pyaw dhe rromur of CoHg hr And foudict pshich some Nos Aighix mulking point rouwh swash. , > >» > >GHe Sh COHN? meta Osttho Pana A - © 6 & bow 2 Prong dh Asomucte cli chloro —Bebgehe Of rnalecelar formula Cay Ch the fara cli chloro fehyre fas dhe Right melting pote because df tmelecules gf pore Asom Oe moat Alosely packed Ah the Crystal Alue ito felllonsing Me “ytasoh. Tn fhe Case of posie Ubomur dhe tuochtono gacoups are Cfpesitely Aovcckel arieited 50 the Atwue Supultoh Laidhin molecules ow mint uns Susulting 3h the jclesed packing. Wi) The pore tsomex is the mast Ayinetrical Having centre + i mmm bray. ahd the dymmebrt Cal omobterles oae Ahosely. packed th He Couptal ett , : es )"\o.jh oD a wey Sotu bility $- ' Aespite bing palare Adky? Fabides ow Jnuisi —bhe th poacher, §— Because!) lhe Ane ican’ of PEL , thee Lato. molecules gre old Sogettnr Ay the Abiong. AD rtirinolactlas “Hy docogen - bonding Once, amanda 4to dissolve alkyl abide in toccty the pose exiting Abrong Arto molecalas, He bohdin Betorh the wove? rnaleculs fas Ao te “elean ahd, new rhipode- Aifale Antyractoh behoreh Alkyl adic and poate ro fecules Ani do te tablished » The varayel Abong Ante —molacrler beheling betircoh the potter “mallee a Soquies more Ararcgy dhan the Rrvigy which 9°25 \qualiahte shen clipote- dipate thtar —Getich ae fstabbeshed _behosoh alkyl fade cin occtur mrolecubes , Ao the pro cess LS Fhavmoclinarmically mot possible &4 & Poe ae \ Akpebe- di mt / interactions poe 46 alk | Ms af e eee eee -H— 0:Cemical Propycies - Yaa L Rxh th Halo alkanes - ; Sn(Nuckrophylic Substitution \Rxn o Sn(Nucbephytic Subatition Brn Th. die Cose of Alkyl halides plut to C40) effect of Alkyl and £) ehhect Fatogan hia Ak Cdichore of alkyo Aaltde becomes Klectroh clipicte rt thot As Alictrophilic th nectwur + So Be Ls attacked! by the Aelectroh such mucleobhilic Apicies sasulting th dhe ultimate cepodwu « Froalids enrich as the Susping Nochophilic ‘ eeaaaa ad & & « ( Nuclofuse) : « ¢ ens ee ae eos : =} . we Nu7e——R pox ——> [Nv----a-—¥] | Ga) @) “Buansition state CIS) BC dUficient Alactrophibic MDa ae Outgoing Nu- Aabide don,