2yi0ar2022 13:48 ‘4 Types of Motor Duty Cycles Every Engineer Snould Know - KEB.
What Are Motor Duty Cycles?
When selecting a motor, it is important to consider the required duty cycle to
ensure the motor can meet the needs of the application. This blog post and the
accompanying lightboard video will provide a basic introduction to motor duty
cycles and a few of the most common types of duty cycles. Once you have
identified the type of duty cycle(s) your machine operates, contact us to see how
we can find the best solution for your specific application.
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) defines eight classifications
for a duty cycle which are grouped by continuous, short-term, or periodic cycles.
These cycles refer to the sequence and duration in time of all aspects of a typical
operation, including starting, running with no load, running with a full load, electric
braking, and rest. These operations are viewed by how they affect the motor
temperature in order to determine if the selected motor is correct for the
application, if increased cooling such as a forced ventilation fan is required, or if a
whole new motor should be used.
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LOAD
TIME
MAXIMUM.
TEMPERATURE
ATTAINED
TEMPERATUI
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(Figure 1) Motor Duty Cycle #1 — Continuous Duty
The first, and simplest, type of motor duty cycle is continuous duty. This is also
referred to by its abbreviated name, S1 duty (Figure 1). In this type of operation,
the motor runs with a constant load for a long enough duration so that it reaches
thermal equilibrium. This also assumes the starting of the motor can be considered
to have a negligible effect on the motor temperature. An example of S1 duty would
be a fan that is switched on and then let run non-stop.
The advantages of continuous duty cycles include efficiency, dependability, and
simplicity. Because motors in continuous duty allow the system temperature to
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continuously for long stretches of time. Typical applications of continuous duty
cycles may include escalators, eMobility solutions, or even packaging machinery.
As a leader in control and automation technology, KEB offers a range of flexible
motors capable of steady, continuous operation to support your machine-building
needs
#2 Short Time Duty (S2)
LOAD
TIME
MAXIMUM
TEMPERATURE Z
ATTAINED
TEMPERATURE
TIME
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before it reaches thermal equilibrium. The motor is then allowed to rest long
enough for it to reach ambient temperature. Short time duty is designated by S2
followed by the number of minutes in the cycle (S2 30 minutes).
Periodic Duty (S3-S8)
Periodic duty refers to the designations S3-S8. These include cycles with and
without rest that have starting, electric braking, and/or changing speeds/loads.
Throughout all of these designations, the various operations of the cycle are
repeated over time and the motor is not allowed to reach thermal equilibrium.
Periodic duty cycles are often ideal for machines with rapidly changing or
unpredictable load demands, such as elevators, punch presses, compactors, or
even industrial saws and other metalworking machinery. These machines can shift
load demands within seconds, necessitating a flexible motor duty cycle that can
sustain these periodic operations without stalling or overheating. KEB has a
variety of adaptable motors that offer unmatched feedback and brake options to
match your unique application needs.
#3 Intermittent Periodic Duty (S3)
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C5)
LOAD
TIME
MAXIMUM
TEMPERATURE
ATTAINED
TEMPERATURE
Intermittent periodic duty is the simplest type of periodic duty. This sequence of
identical cycles each contains a period of constant load and a period at rest. This
is very similar to S2 duty but differs because it never reaches ambient temperature
during its rest period. This duty cycle is abbreviated as S3 followed by the
percentage of time under load (S3 xx%, where the % = AT