WQISVNIID Panuipy WX — Ix @TaASVID AISD0TOI4d 7 VI (9092) OF VLON Ad LVEUAVIVOVE OULINGd GIHD nonppy DyioaD nungoly Dja]OI1N asoupy 012fO aug poyalg 4ojpuopsooD areeuady pole el LSE Eo] $940CUPRINS PROGRAMA pentru examenul de bacalaureat = 2014 /6 CLASA a XI-a- ANATOMIE $I FIZIOLOGIE UMANA / 11 1, ALCATUIREA CORPULUI UMAN / 11 ‘opografia organelor sia sistemelor de organe / 11 Plan ‘anatomniee ale corpuluiuroan / ORGANISMULUI UMAN /13 / GLANDELE ENDOCRINE / 30) Hipot Pancreasul endocrin 33 ‘7 Glandele suprarenals 733 / Gonadele /34 \,, SISTEMUL 0808 35 de igiend si petologie /37 ‘VSISTEMUL MUSCULAR / 38 il 38 Notiunielementare de igina si patologie / 4540 FUNCTHLE DE NUTRITIE / 41 DIGESTIA $I ABSORBTIA Transform fizico-chimice ale mentelor in tubul digestiv / 42 / Nofiuni clementare \/ CMLCULATHA L49 Grupele sanguine / 49 rounitaen /49 “Activites cardiact / 30 Parametci funcionali ai actviti eardiace / yn re 5h mica ($2) ‘Sementare de igient i patologie/ $3 RESPneATIa/s4 Ventitaiapulenonar 54°) Volume capaci respirator 58) rig transports eestor / 55 lementare de igien si patologie/ 56. / EXCRETIA /57 Formarea wine $7 Notun’ elementae de igen si patologie / $8/ FUNCTIA DE REPRODUCERE /59 Sistem reproduettor/59 Snattea reproduces 61 ¥ [Nojuni elementare de igiem i patotogie / 62°! 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EX UWEXIe apse YIVIINY IS YIVIADAA #100701 “aeanjou sojauaytson9 wacinsu aydosy © Yojouisueiio wineugs dase ywoutuioduios jainidoad sopsiupesuoD 1HO}E) sofo}ap>wa.quaAau “eaaKoy a no ajeyuuioguos uy ‘e}do sywod jnaog> 219 10810 op owisps‘oue3s0 wzvaysape 2169 fog 404 eamuanaud “e949)Se0UnN3a4 ~ ‘syowun vaxecyeraods ( msoud “es no 2 2 eoe8oy aye ‘apep 40uN & 49 ax¥ayL Ie ‘eo naguad gsuos yqoud ermisuoa eBojorg “eeunele>eq 2p injnuowEXD (rape? ul ‘azeayuian ‘sueiysoaut 9p doas na ajeiuomedya iipanse son anand - Sea aa IaNTTALOSIO TALALVAS *t #8 guajgoad - yenys oun eazeuSeuy ‘40) easeajoza4 18 auiajqoud soun asImyEDqe ~ moo Org YANIASIG ona nep ewrayqaad-yhe ‘purqoad soun eaaeaqoza4 - lOc LVUNVTVOVE 9d TONWVXG AWINGd VIVNOLLVN VAVUDOUdtensiune arteries, puls ateris = cirtlatia mare 51 mentare de izien si patologe: cardiopate ischemica, hemoragil interne gi exteme, leucemii,anemi ©” RESPIRATIA + ventilayia pulmonara, transportul gazelor, schimbul de gaze, volume si capacitaji a gi de patologie:cstt nefits, glomerulone it RE. eproducitor: ompont = siatea reproduceri: plas nasterea; lementare de igiend side patologie: anexitt,adenom de p ANATOMIE $I FIZIOLOGIE UMANA, GENETICA $1 ECOLOGIE, UMANA - CONTINUTURI”CLASA A XIEA fine autocatalitics + ORGANIZAREA MATERIALULUT 1.2. GENETICA UMANA + GENCMUL UMAN - complementul crome: * _ MUTAGENEZA $I TERATOGENEZ/ f cerulu, agent carcinoger © DOMENI DE APLICABILITATE $1 CONSIDERATU BIOETICE IN ETIC: virusur, procarigte gi eucariote; " cromozomiale asociate cancerului ETICA, 8 Punctajulai obtiaut Ia 10. Nota minim’ pentra 450 de punete. Conform “Metodologict de organizare si desfasurare a examemtlui de bacclaureat ", pregitires pentru examen si claborarea subiectslor se realizeaz tn confo-mitate ‘a cu PROGRAMA PENTRU EXAMENUL DE BACALAUREAT, aview:4. prin TS. ile din programa de examen (termet ate din perspectiva competent tele ou ‘continutul um specifice bisloiei, ‘scolar. Programa pentru examenul de bacalaureat a fost elcborata in eonformitate cu Programele scolare de biologie pentru clasele a IX-a, a X-a, a XI-8, cconfinutulu. program previzu, Subicctele mu vizeazs cor intre supormrile didactice u eater termeni, principis explieares apa iroare la evenimente, fenomene,identificarea relajiei de tip eauzle horarea nor rspunsuri sub forms de: propo de completare (incadzarse unor (cunoesterea nor si procedee specific, imerpretarca unor date, aplicarea directa 2 unor dea utiliza simboluri eteu od 19p a (ynjndoo yuso48 8) soysaysodoaayuce 1e18es jaxy ypnea -souayu = muso -soyedns sted sop 24 (2nyndso9 wawSuny wy) wo e} }e1)494 -jeuspnysFuo4 ary ‘sup nun uy ereony os 16 mnie sojunisuousp pundsaio> aryaXW lune fan 8 axe aa 9p amg y2uo|suoKUIpta 2189 weu judo NVINO 10784409 FTV ZONWOLYNY LUALMOAVY IS LIAN morod 1 wg ois Yan ase aay pn op 2rvo19juysjasquious y3eo] 270 yu gow 819 ‘aWowF0s 101) a1 graqy vouny}10d —- ‘syouns 9p asvouadins ajaqiou ySeoy aie ‘109 1opqe wareuaso ap vavoe0} "Weisjad ereqAW -suyed = iopqe Hoye 429 - uawopge - 10) Bo1mfA89 = 29820) ‘lp eu} a9 pou ge lay sjasbo) nmmrmersansoRpA swvonzzundssu09 “HIER = rem Una) MPNTUERSSHTSU auveageundsatoo "pre! tsgd wnop tp unypoye aise indy ‘aquiout 18 1gouna 998 “deo -up ygope {euoroury Wf ofojojou atapax ap tound up smzun yo un 389 wan jndioD ‘iBoupONIG) ap 6 SEAT gp =p ATP usjueSu0 ayriouny osauyjdopay auto 2o1Sojopsour equ yuns aueBs0 2p ajeuaysig “wsturfi0 w wloury Joyunue waydspiy vazopon luakqup ces om tumnsel 48 a[nja0 ap LRdad wip amagoqe uns s/aueBIO, SINVDYO Ad YOTAWAASIS V I$ YOTANVONO VIAVUDOAOL, NYWNA ININdXOD VaMINLYDIV “1 YNVINA ID0TOIZIA 18 SINOLVNY 9 wubdas cuseuepinyyokayy “anseigo uate Jou eau umfise © op Infauene exw FanHFEME waMION “wy ‘amo sound yplooe os 4 sundsys ap soysHun “Hey 8139p.) 9] gs eingoa jnaaf> aito od (sundse: ap siguen) aluewioysed eoidun eiseooy “soqyjeue yagiou ezeq ad yejoad 219 aMwjOU 9p pRuE no wu0 ‘yavttootusues oun foun yyoose arzjou ap [6 axerfEA2 9p OWNS Un evjooide os vitugo weq ad jmuswunnsuy also a4z}0u ap 18 auenjeAs op fn 294) tuhuod 2159 24@I0U ap “onsusgeoyde 16 amyao91g0 9p i 99 ajo eH ew waseyde 18 wanejsdsoquczyeas @ op ‘ojapyeuanut 16 r2uue #10 ‘ea0na w op vayeysedt> W2ED so) - ep ai: 300 9p 19s un np ayeunoyLo® uj “uas909 1x91 MUR eaIEOgeID = WeAMDANS NESEY «| 1 ‘areayozas 2p soyoruyoe soysuen ap 16 amzyeioua? ap woreyowde> ieyskasbouna «cute op aueiotdey “anrdhsonuy ‘aueojdxa znjdwax2 ap es “OLedns anu op acuRCuodUiGD ZENS awalqosd ap wausajo-ay= posterior. ‘Axul transversal -orizontal (al tifimil corpului) are dot poi ~ sting; ~ drent PLANURILE corpului uman tre prin ete dou axe. Planul frontal, vertical: + este paralel cu fruntea; pate eorpal in douk oe ~ ventral) si (posterioars — exemplar: vedi af cranial fa de gurd, iar gura, caudal fs de nas) 2. FUNCTIILE FUNDAMENTALE ALE ORGANISMULUI UMAN 2.1, FUNCTHILE DE RELATIE. SISTEMUL NERVOS. _ Clasificarea sistemului nervos se face din punct de vedere topografic si functional 1. Din punet de vedere topogratie, sistemul 1] SISTEM NERVOS CeNTEAI (MeVRAX )SAU feces CEREBROSPINAL, este format din: eneetal stmaduva spin acetal ost mete ‘raniana) este aleatlt din: = trunchi cerebral, format din [een dian: ialul Vertebral, se tntinde de la v.rtebra nod cu filum terminate pana is vercbra a GETATIV| NV), ¢ eporconeaaiactiitatea organelor interne vietsunt ct specitice; conduc impulsuti de la exteraceptori tat, temici i durerogi in scoara cerebral pentru formarea senza au pe parcurs au prolectie carts © Sonsibilitatea tactilé find, epicritied este condus4 prin fasciculele spinobulbare Goll i Burdach Cele sensib ‘ganglionul spinal; {n.comul posterior medular; j:2 informarii tactile grosiere side presiune usoaré 8 gl dureroass este condusA prin fasciculul spinotalamic lateral. si dureroase au pe parcurs tei neuroni: ‘ganglion In cornul posterior medular, ‘ntalamus. {fh zona somestezict L. Se inerucigeaza la njvelul termice gi dureroase. de la proprioceptoris ‘conical sau subcortical. (e2 proprioceptiva congtientl este condust prin fasciculele spinobulbare Proiecyia corticalé tn neocortexul receptor = nivelulbulbul carpus nus ince. |< facet spnocrebtosInerulat Gowers cate pris informa in parte saeriorh 4 ‘trunchit membrele superioare; se incruciseazi ean aad . Ral = conduc informstii de ta propriocptoit din regiunee eft, tn membrelor in cerebel. 7 “om ui st \rvoy al encefalului spre maduit fea Yoluntaré este condusa pe edie plramidale cortieospinale | directe si cobulbar i, formén’ fasctculu! tb ci to maduva sping forminga sivd gnop utp peuuoy 289 ANS FBuoxiouny |S wamIonS 9194 99 Jo4Nd UG“ aaeayss oppang |“: iad ROP Wp YUNDY a189 ANS wuogiouTy y8 pay (ants. se nyotoas eva plaice vomnoranp - ayes vaxouops009 aie SoxIBU RMI aa a ANeIABDN SOAIDE (MAE ISIG | auieiposen - axunsug2osea sewyoeiepuero | 2 a VOUISYID sciaxda ap vesapan ate (ANS) ALLVATOaA SOAWAN “TaNALSIS Tuned snmnuyeisuio esxequiog- | giumstp wt wozapan ued in veareziajde - ‘pape ave mu - reaguyds eanpeer ope axvousque ajsueopuso> uy Sun reiga2o njnuyouna © geynoqe4 elven wy OUISLO t ajoudsop eaguyds eanpgct ape a-voysiue ajsuropas0> aS ‘anaes tooo aie nu | (aorornsuoo syotnw) ve sina (eeu) | Goremyp yotnus: ‘tiepoyidn - 1 rionedunseEd Tae eT 1 . BONUS 3122 ems apa; yearoujouesig | uN DILVAWISVAVa 1S OLEVEHUIS SO AWAN TNTAWALSIS HUY TALIS WW ALTA reysoupzauk upp reugaieo ynounpad wp eifeou viueisqns ‘AtEIo#aa Lnxo(d 8 wreaoes eounias usp spuids yaanpyus fe (8 jeaqai90 ua, OMB ELE TOT ud wemzaidas 2989 49 S@T~ 1 eoequio 8 (CL ~ 11) £9 waguids eanpyur ur sens wuns Fopeduys yoasau SPT SO NIST ROTTS sfoynstasyy op 218 " -uo}nap) vo nou (jnuosnauoyaid) «ox ana op nase ae jnua9 utp asausod age ajeprumvaydenxs amE3 (q ({nuamauoynop) voinou jaucsnaucyerd) vosnau nasen adn {8 ianeraioa yuorBue8 wp meee suayyed soasgu mss +, a “ayeigatoo nuuayss ‘snaejody wp yanBo8an axeawu 6 jauod ap yuRI9- ‘ypagazoo ymiyouns 8 agurds eanpews wy Ymns RpuBLuoD ap yinu9a = ‘putidno 20 yeayuo soasou wiaysis up wragoye puis, ‘oqmuios sonzou jnworsis no sorgupuose aso ayeuBodoy «8 (wamyonays 2a9p94 9p yound wq “HL 0008 49 “aywomoogns i$ pleaqu0e 2u:8.0 we IUPRDTTEBAAS - STORMONT TART TOMI syrup wounsos wp oped 0 8 ynindes vounsd>1 wip 2aneu ae Syeuopro09 ‘aspaud.‘ammunjoa aqspefi naued Fzzawo> anpuo> smjusyueTao w axexejas 6 atu ap on Mutigo. 18 “syewop: OA TL Rea oie NG Aa power, el met eqyasan ope sop yay, onf80 op poet Pg « (gounsana;nep) womow ‘oqo jjxayios0au jnuemeusjead) somo jus? iy “FOXY ‘2ynus|qoou wens uw ezvouoKloe ama ‘opeduys soAsoU {RUIDISS 6 uoanou op typ ares uns =‘Viscose bu eonfinut cenzimatic = vasoconsirijio war [ ~ intern %_| Glandele sudoripare 1. 5 6 7. = bronhodilatator ‘BOLE |__| - slandele mecoase inhib sect MENINGITA 5 | Stomae: = glande gastrce tate a coma + apare ca rare a TO. | Pancreas stare patologica de Ti. | Fieatad ‘Vezicuta biliarl (colecist) : profunds a + contract musculature activi | + relaxarea sfincteralui Oddi nervoase “| intoxicatii ~ contract sfincte superioure medicamentoase dai evacuarea bilei In duoden = depovitarea bein. | in perioadele digestive HEMORAGIL | -bipertensiunea perioadele CEREBRALE {nterdigestive = revarsarea 12. | Glanda suprareuals ~ stimuleaz& secretia | ~ pu are elect singelui din hhormonalé, vvasele cerebrale 1 | Spina stimuleazd contracfia | ~ ou are efeet ‘nes cavitti 14) Rint (ecient cerebral), 1S. | Vevica urinara ANALIZATORIL SEGMENI UI ANALIZATOR ‘Analizatoril 16. receptiona, conduce gi transforma in senza spe 2calearine. FIZIOLOGIA ANALIZATORULUI VIZUAL ‘Mecaalstiul vederiteromatle - ori irleromatia Youn + retina aletuits din tei * rogu, verde gi albastru; stimularea unei singure cates Helmbol ~ conside de eelule eu conut: — eb ontin pigmenti pe realizeaza la nivel pe fenomene fot obiectlor. ap (normal) - razele de lumin& paralele emise de un obie celutelor fotoreceptoare din ret retin se formeaza imag NOTIUN] ELEMENTARE DE IGIENA $1 PATOLOGIE ALE ANALIZATORULUL VIZUAL, = fasciculul de raze foca‘izeaza in spatele retinel; BOLT CAUZE ‘SIMPTOME PREVEN RE = imaginea format’ este neclaré: se corecteaza cu lenile convergente (biconvexe) Cataracts + opaciferea totala lie Reflexu! pupitar fotomotor - irisul regleaza reflex tava inervate de fibre nervouse Fn contre fibrsle ee ‘seumsimpatice), Jucreza la tempera vantulu; Gnervate de fibre nervoase parasimpatice); 4“ 9A wane Rz¥oUOS YOK = ‘e020 2fny>9 na aretsaues uns afatupuap —— MUON RL uy aye as - (uocaouosoAd) wcdtoU prasad - nig9)8 ats ~(aisonpuo3 op) TE ‘sforozod 1 guejnqnson euesqusaun “grez0q BUEIGLODL 3p Te tad goqunuios ares wopundury nears 18 ay Bau 0 oe OY |( Hay nanuod yaoddsoo2 asosus 9s somequiota ynojow wh usoa one an ocean eattana jeu ye ‘emndna) 9 Mo 9[eLozues ainjao {8 auoursns ap ayayeo oseouresquiat aue[nauiauas Jojajeuea afndue ayras 6 DE FETS (emonui soto meses (8 suencueojerouo ap wenuaouds asa - (juondooes) SERTT-TAIIG °VTNELLSAA INTOYOLVZTTVNY SrIGLNAOAS ns denis 3 enone mya a “seu jou dood uoysuen 2 apa eu uusuos 92 ‘puoysouseaumpsaid e108 aauo> = sa std 9p Ruy gs suusuen “unyoe ap uueyod um eevauufoep ork um coos mj oduous tad oe8tmgoseu no wopuMTOD = suey (ouetio yy os area ad ae 60 “Silgns 2p uauAD ais9 RMON —ausvouaf 1 gIouo orewaf 30 MUIOP stad ayes “FtuReaA uns pan 9p wlano egEaN) ey ace umiquiow eaare03p * 18 eimmgusos eds =t4 oxsey) M9 djouns adooied LEM UV INALLSAA - ODLLSMDV TAYOLVZVIVN' (Susnov inimdoLvzrwKv vino 101ZLa ‘20m groan - ‘wus ap ees “dosoud ‘ed Zunfe area 30 FOUL wouru Papin ip) wounow nejop yo ‘wmnuzes pzeeuiog yuoxe = yuan! 2198:nas - 28- psvolequ09 09 us 2fouspuap +1809 02194 - 2159 = muoanouoyoed) wom pad p09 2p 00 | soingots santo . “woo oueaquiou Wy Ezzaaejou 9 jysPA J eIMONON ined Simiauoa vere tes 2 rede: ped | wud ~ syeocues . ss cozeweyut~ ‘oun song - evappuntwoy, sfuiog 1 rou zonin bulb rahidian; + al doilea neuron (deutoncuronul) - 9 aft in wucleli Ve iron =se afin talarous; 3. Sepmentul central - se aftd Tn girusul temporal superior. 1}! FIEIOLOGIA ANALIZATORULUL VESTIBULAR clin capul sti nemigcat ot mpulsuri norvoase spre segment = cind capul si corpul sufera accelerari liniare ari, Se declangeazé impulsuri nervoase conde informapile de la exterocept scoarfa cerebral, pentru formearea sen: PREVENIRE ectarea Tegulilor 3. Segmentul central ~ se afd tn girusul posteentat dit FIZIOLOGIA ANALIZATORULULCUTANAT ANALIZATORUL CUTANAT termici, durerogi, de presiune si rhumai daca distanta dintre puncte este suficient de mare. forma pe suprafafa tegumentulu dermice. cu eelule adipoase; subcutanats a organismul SEGMENTELE ANALIZATORULUI CUTANAT 1, Segmentul periferie (receptorul)© Revantuys ouonae 7 ‘(ade 9p set eueD foun wosmunsu0d) ak wd weeioeu 9 so0j09 s0j2puers eyana9s yz jojopueyB warEyoAzap 6 va1a\Su9 Hz * soratou osu Sept "1 9P Sapo * jwouoy ap wzodap un aurluod " ‘uloopua 2punjs soy NaIeLANSe Zz¥o]0:1U09 a1¥D"{UOWIOY Mopomnpuys - ‘sonpo.d (¥ZIHOdIHONTW) WOITAL WW TGOT sousrsod ingot ASO TMD EV REAWWAING Th yaya, ANRIDOGNA SIGENVID 2usat to eanyonzop “anos aso exeyotzay \u3a9 sau Ul njuuen eoeeeee Luoynurwos soygn dls yavaqn peedarpo gener uy yenxas juou . aMINaAaMd awo.anus| —_aznyo | ats tb Gs a ayeyino (Wouarsorsay “4 PUICEDOP — Crys) ior of P : (ormsoisaywaSospun) yumoseuuouuon 9 Buaise ceoraee * IninMOLVZVIVNY V a1D0TOLYA IS YNUIDL AC BUY INIINTS NNLLONvontracia uterulul 1a gravide tn perioads tray ucind ta expulzia lberatea laptelui din glandele amare oh TIROIDA rv gitulu, Int-o oj fibroasa, iersecrepi de iauind determina Hicewie sederea fonsi muscular si a cUnORtn| eT ff aparifa stint de comic \osoase, din dous ~ Tormafiuni: corticoseprar sna aa il LE medulosuprarenala, ¥ J+), Conicosuprarenate este dspust tx + _Medutoypraredale repens _Produee hormone tora oa educe hormouitaFendlina si aoradhenali. = 3 ssn din glucoed),x ‘SqexqauAsaUy SIsHoSIP UN Suton aigauon He - cE up gree} aso glEaqayIOA wUBOIED (6 ‘raves €sfsa09 “esger9e eueojo9 :opuldns E-IATHONMRLL “WALA VHS “Z ‘ngues20109514 ‘umepoIe sopuudns 83860 op Zz MIP yeus0} 9I89 LAIAAVD TNLATANOS"T “amouajut #8 a1woysodns Jojauquiow oun raajayos “nndea frazyayos ‘Susyp as myndio> ayumSas edgy aUINLYOIV Nl eae (Soped ~ariamanss netoy8 “ase0 ap gz aysed apundina ido imjoyos ezwowioy jejnorue wud 2[9 asuy yeSo{ 3019880 vavENTeI04, 20701090} In ow eayed -Jejnasnt ‘eased waued - soso imymusasts rupotusouy und F2vezfee4 26 watt, S0s0 1hwaisis “(oa fynoo warexy) oyepna mquod asneSaud © aio quolesoar woyIpou puRUUEIap “oul toseoonul eidnoe geesUOle nonsaa 18 se00 op sxsazoides uns 3 aren apurfz sans 24 OD | anaavnoolordoza cervicalé si lordoza fombara, cu convexitatéa dispus posterior; cifoza toracal’ si cu concavitatea dispusa posterior. bb) Coastele surt in-numir de late gi se I IL - X care se articuleazd indirect eu ©) Sternut Stermul,coastele si regiunea toracalé a coloanei vertebrale, formeaza cutiatoracied, 3. SCHELETUL MEMBRELOR este format din scheletul centurilor gf scheletul membrefor prope ~ 7s lului- radius si cubitus; schsletul mainii- 8 carpiene, 5 metacarpiene si 14 fal ) Seheletut membretor centura sieste ROLUL SISTEMULUT OSOS Sistemul osos taeplinete Fone importante pentru viata organism: 1) cifoza ~ caracterizath prin accentwarea 6) lordoza » caracterizata prin avce ) pielorut ph 2 * onsele eprezinté parghiile cu rol in migeare. ‘CRESTEREA IN LUNGIME $1 GROSIME A OASELOR 1) Cresterea tn jungime: > caracterizeazi oasele lungi (exemplu: femur, tbie,radiu se realizeaza cu i diafiza $1 ~ _asigura formarea de fesut os0s not: spre diafiza prin os 2) Cresterea in grosime: ftatea periastuhi - membrant conju exteriorul osului care asigura formacea de fesut osos nou oy membrana, incorecta a corp oracale a coloanei vertebrae (coc as), {ndelungat. Mai des intdlst. (a ce, soricar, ozifie aplecata, ‘coloane! vertebrae, |, caracterizata prin incoreett a eorpului, larea concavitiiicurbusii lombare a colonel ve-tebrake, impul cresterif easelor deoarece nu se formeazi bolta icon iciorulul se face pe oats talpa Canza -statul tu picioare ct» eschise, daca sunt afectati museh festa pielea, iar capetele exterior. ‘Manifestiri ~ durere, echimoze (vénatsi), deformarea regiunii seurtarca regiun ENTORSELE se caracicrizeaca prin intinderea sau ruperca Vgamentel ‘Cauze — migeari br ‘raumatisme. Manifestari—dureri locale, echimoze, umflaturi ale articulyii 4, LUXATULE se caracterizeaza prin distocdri ale eleme art special» supratejelorosoage articulare, Pot > lwxiti waumatice — detorate unui traumatsm (exer ia umarului); or componente ale ui I eAdErE Ye oot poatea * nuéeseip Se\dwosus some, (e ‘undp ayn feu op yuns aLYNOLZ A WULLIVYLNOD + {Tino SInuns BatBus 0 op yiebuoap “gasp was ap ‘pt sievons ie oF Fowp omlgo af panymosme asmes mS YUIUIS VLLSVUNCOD « (revo geeozqeat 25 anosayy sfasqutows ann aud - mduoxs) sojpiquow soyysénu iniofen - foquwooui niony paeseypor- sSraeoe ouuHRE BauMIzu=y = ‘Rawosnu sonpoud os # yzwouinas 95 yuysEWD —_ uel Eeeecusiee9 25 ASINOLOZI WULLIWINOD + ‘nda ese ums = F wedig wounsas Else auto ayesnisod unjemosmus sono. FOQIpOW 6 MU JoIyDsnuE—— wed RewazusioeIe 25 SORUAWOZI YULLIVEINOD + ‘ouequnjoa spas 1 ways Pe “emo ‘nsru} EmBlse_sie9 ypotim oye sane auedio uns auptay, HUSVAINOD ad minaL- } souayu souedns aygo = ‘uso asp #8 wrope2 idaup ‘aowayur dup 16 souadns xdaup = “aoqere8op te Hosuayx9 18 uoxay mjuuoioid ye woweacns 18 yopeUoK! payosnus {4ojoieop ve oxy ‘a0ja199p Fe sosudys ‘wotos 8 puqutoaas¥8 sysop yma ems dso Ampne 1a, edna yuns yyosnws taynaoo 1P889P 7 YOsuaND 16 poxsy smeaga IOMLYNOS- IDLLATAHOS IOSAW 4a ANID BTATVAIONIA T 2° egg sdaou Hf sdoo1q- ymajeag asm (q i tin min (e wy INOsAW TAWaLsIS aoyn@ax vossioodsa4~ suns swwolaadns sojsaquiow nysényy + ‘lmao eau come woTauAWaW HOSA 'y eso uTURS 1 Su KURA U wen ‘oyesouus ynags 1 sunumeya wy 7eBoq sejucULE WB sauuaaatd ‘9j9 no aseu 9s yzinsput — 9jeyuaBu09 joqjur zou e2RI0NEp — soiZoyored)_tetanos complet; ©) tonus muscu a) TETANOSUL INCOMPLET. = se obfine prin = graficul inregistreaza un platou dint secuselor. b) TETANOSUL COMPLET > se objine prin secuslor. ©) TONUSUL MUSCULAR reprezintf starea de contractie permanent, dar pa ervoase care provin de la miduva gi care = este rezultatal unor imp licarea repetitiva a stra stimuleazaaltemativ fiorele musculare, NOTIUNI ELEMENTARE DE IGIENA $1 PATOLOGIE, ia corpul cu freevent joast, care exprim& sumarea incomplett a lor cu frecventS mai mare; = graficul lnregisreazt un platon regulat, exprimind sumaree totalk a a musculaturis 2.2, FUNCTIILE DE NUTRITIE Fanci de metre -elzczt schimburle de substan inte organisms ransformarile din interiorul organismul a - fae + serelizeaz prin urmbtoeleprocse digest ieulata,respiraia ji excrfia, « = glands anexe. / bat digest format in yeavitatea bucall - conte: dimba’y Organ musealos, cu rol th — vorbire; )-Lafaringele-\conduct musculo - membranos ~ loede incrucisare a cil digestive cu ees respiratorie; ) BOLI CAUZE_J-5 cout] SIMPTOME PREVENIRE = cominieé anterior ev foselenazal,cavinta Ducal laringel; i ] = comunic lateral ev urechea medie, - OBOSBALA | ~ actvitate fziea - dozarea efortult = comuniea MUSCULARA — dezorganizat; | muscular -Jesofagul organ muse + sedderea excitabilitaii smuseulare; = disparitiafazei de relaxare; larea contracturii invINDERL st RUPTURE MUSCULARE - eforturi museulare intense (freevente la sporti); intinderea muscular - de elastictate; ruptura muscular; ruperea muschiutu 1 tesutului conjunc adiacent = dureri locale; “echimoze i tumefierea 2onei afectate; ~ virsitri gi colaps in cazuri grave. ~ vires ‘etenarsma “res unr cnr eva aria cn ddl rn ei - se nt . ‘egies gla ~* Hntestimul subire ~ se Imtinde de la pilor la valvula - ‘i vee segment: duodenal = dodo peace “ae! nmucass instal se afl pnd car sen te vi pe supra moeosel nesta se als ih echt ‘chirurgical in : ccxzuri grave = vase de singe ~arterio + capil limfatic~ ci fibre musculare net 8 suprafefei ce absorbie, fede la valvulaileocecala pind la anus;pumyezouou uy oeplonfd guuoysue ~ Spice poate 9 BATON = VAY tem oar wn om ye aa HELENE SAMOUQEAIONT cles oyunu wee une ‘SPHnSEE o}9pUOLE 2p smpoad “unse8 ans op eito9s wy ps0 =F mOBWONS ssojour 16 ‘aupso8ip scjaurzuo vaunyoe ans ) ceiduus 2o1ue8s0 stuersqns uy oxojdutoe axeyuouu silmyanioe (rgeyrzar 3} QA = - ‘sou ($ ary ‘aoquenamn uReysUER Bren ore apse [RWS no aneuandean Enea ——e— uvong vormyaus a siesodur ojsreatay punsypos Penna ‘uowonseus laud owwesour a2eion Yivona yasaoid 4aha onhog, , by setomes psi Sarboxipeptidazele $i ¢| i i baniecele i elszat Unies ~ tesa Proteine Pei ‘Albumoze gi Pon zet ‘peptone os, 4 wripsina : q _ ide labferment Perecarinat de q Smee Peptic le ———— ca ‘ipsa o carboripeptidaze — ' “nN zelatinaza Gelatina ree Gelatina = " Sapee poh. | Hehesata Proteine fibroase | elastase I Lipide eanulsionste din | tipaza gastrcd ‘Adil eras 1a 8 ee | plicerint «! ite anorganice (HC; cloruti de Na, K; fosfug de Ca, Mt : istaltce prin care alimentele se “formeazd chim gastric care se evacueaa lent i fractionatn duoden, jotarie este asiguraté de tre tiptri de contra rl ees ipuri de contracyi tonice, perstalt “4 4sanus ag fess uot emlipou Surana ‘Quopueosap pruojoo 1 sans. inpnuojooe yup” #01) peassouo abound ap can ap pean Samer 1 msdn ap sums #3 sa i> | worse) ‘9 no tntoo souodsue un m3 - eon 4H foes ge ui aps x oye = An9y = eon zon “Giese nuoqooweieasp eee ep co saad 1) R90.00 aicmowos ap rucyf ap € Siomauy ap nese 39 > appa (Prowts 18 qwopua: ee ee a 7 — — se sm mu) aE stida.d ts 9 Jom ieual nal DT aT o8ge — tszuowg 19 (Wapeoxd jncoo u) amuotins “omuonde Meee. Rar , 1 u03 TOP 1D ation) PN (assed) fade elquosge Eres = . riseiod ap oais9s + proyoouil ap proton uy d (0 00 soquoeu asmny uJ no snanutop veerpoad laches ee =e 1 Rowe ORT ORT te29j 213. erway as wiosto Bain Uy ROT op SP asooex! “sigiosge ap “HHoIoW “worsi00s rman awOERSep 9s soul auonmn ORMOND 9p Gs WU WAR | EO aA Tig a8uys w - any - wes ~ TOR pata B sos na = aay 2p mrwoyped exo ‘gy 2p pezzuny anus 2p uns ys nes aus oj Jeu axemu29u09 fBtouo op wnsuo> yey - salsied (@ ‘austocoxe asworguLm usd PzB=z4I64 9 eGLOSRY shyuosqe snpoud we : ‘popeju #8 oumnues loied reqens ‘anso%ip up werjnzas “dus ySnpoid awa cud ynsoo0cd urzeicos esqsosEy YIVNLISTINI Vi.1UOSHY uo}ow wayERARDY. Sees © uoiaisas eayeanoy ‘omnsed yetensout 114.9 sed = co PATOSGE murs TPR sayunoysues s0)s-98 eau Uyeste un act reflex coordonat de centrii medulari gi este controlat cortical caRCULATIA NOTIUNI ELEMENTARE DE IGIENA $1 PATOLOGIE ASISTEMULUIDIGESTIV —_GRUPELE SANGUINE ~ pe Supratafahematilor se pot afta proteincle nuit 6 ~sglutinoges BOLT CAUZE ‘SIMPTOME PREVENIRE D; Pot ale protencle numiteantigene -aglutinogenc = A,B si ~ _ in plasma sfngelui se pot afla proteinele numite anticorpi - aglutinine - alfa % Sistemul 4B0 cuprinde patra grape sani ‘orp se § beta Caria dentars~ | -bacterine ~cangrent; [Grae soni Tagine ERA] proces care distuge = descompunerea : ic fesutrile dentare {esuturilor dentare; A Quo parol Ap Bsio dae = spare pé gin toate prupele dupa fiecare masa; | f lutnina corespinzatoure (A cu alfa si B eu bota) éste cia antigen anticorp care determin ~conservarea i prepararea corect® a alimentelor, + splilarea fructelor si a legumelor; + respecatres orarulti meselor: + eviterea consumului ‘exagearat de al abdomenulu cafea, tutun, ccondimente; ~reduceree consumului de grtsimi, ~ colic biliars; ind wil este Rh posit, eopiremiayi vor om srcina pote decurge normal er se pol price accident de incor hema vor pero) te (distrugerea he a reprezint® capacitatea organism strdine acestuia este 0 substan sting org eclangeaz3 produgerea de ctr o de a recunoaste si de 3 a particuleos (conneeasezed sjusny ur ‘eu tpsrorpeig pouru 98 muy L_maeipeiou ‘eupeipe pies szcionyyy oS f SpMONEHeusounu 35 sas yoemu0o gy eisad sepiee Inimlnes Reavy ‘anutut ploenves og naiuod s 9'9 2p gyeanp are ‘sos 0 8 ois o-nup yeuuoy as0~ 9 LO|RDUgDS=p eludnoo.) ‘omouodns 9402 ajaioued wy aye voroupuosoyi2x9 inpmmnse} weuragaye uy wu o1ea 2xpo¥f)poue 20ypan 2oypacaoia 2pnj20 envajoy :nosnn info ofmaxud aun 2p ( uplmeuioo op TMD ¥f ap auniloe 2p maIeHuDiod wey 2p insinae ‘sup si89 inpou S908 16 poe em [99 ap asnpoud aiueisqns ~ SEIOTET SUIS]URDD: pubes sp {nas snasyp e189 inpou i998 "udm dion uy sung sojoustUeBIOOID.Us ansaSip 8 azeamdeo op insaooxd - pzop2080/ jearas @ ri Shun / $7 9p o1s> axesugoop op eluasaaiy “Fausods pfiayang Pnvates eouuos 8 sou Wy wsOqo0 ato nus enop uy amy “qnuafinae Bncsip aes y-wazyennoudetermina recerea singefui din atri fn ventric diastola arial - dureaz4 0,7 secunde; vvalveleatrioventriculare dureazt 06 seeunde; arte in cele douA artere pulmmonace pltimén; au ~ardiacd + repent mum. de 20 de singe exputzat de ventric ventriculul dept Plimaay | Sout pulmonare — Se ned tea de singe expulaata de co; o ie (Ds) gi freeventa cardiaca (Fe) pe De= Dsx Fe= 80x 70=5,61 impul efortului muscular, al sarcinii al febre gi scade in timpul NOTIUN] ELEMENTARE DE IGIENA Si PATOLOGIE A SiSTEMULUL reprezntd forta exeritata de catre coloane de singe OCU ATOR {in conditi de BOLT = CAUZE, |SIMpTOME PREVENIRE | Cardiopatia ischem afeotiune cardiac& provocats de cAderea vascularizatie inimii normale se numeste hipertensiune, In regiunea cevacuaritbrugte a si = este pereeput end se informeaz& asupra frecv Hemoragiile- i de singe to CIRCULATIA MARE SI MICASs s wsueio anup ade fon pun: VeOLSADV TALAOUSNVAL 18 IMOLVULdSAA IZV IGA jeudsat of ap oiso snedas ap axes wy “quoxmadsou pluoagouy 6 omadsocptuasseyx (24) moan aunog = suodaa op sojoquas paigeg, (Fe! OA ar) metas op mips uy mu ‘un !upwueid uy epamaidauvo soe op eaneyue> watetaadas sudox op wosoyn pragag © IS} siwod nu aie> 1S jUpuamd eWURL auE0 oe op Yeujon grueaidst~J98 pm 9951 (UTAS WAP IA AD) id5u! 0 edn wiomaago yreiny ayuda o-auiad amg 4 sweod 90 ao 9p wixew jumyox yurzaidas = “4° - poe oasoysodey « wedai op axjautdxo 0 wu ay seuss wasapeos sf jesus — sojoy20ona] arose. uuioulds uur inyngezede jrscnfe aysoox 18 yeuoUe 9 simosput 95 18 REY exByOAZEP ‘wEzea aS ap oxfouny uj FeEIBA MLOIeASS1 aJoumjOn ar - 4p UMOLYELasat ALYLIOVaV9 1S aWAI0A oeaod uid geeazyeas as aneo ‘an = souarsa £7 no S¥8019 supa wp ynyMIDe eouny Tuoreasx yamjnosni varexajau vy rt -)98 op wiezues 2 peyor vaseitna paumiajeoae~Gazal ‘Aer alveolar [—Singe apie a Ae Emflcem pulmonar cumularea e aer D Tara TRE tesutal pulmonar © Cu alte cuvintsyoxigenul va trece din aerul alveolar tn séngele capilar, iar dioxidul de carbon se va deplasa din séngeTe capil: alveolar, 7 the ab EXCRETIA Exerofia ete proc! prin cre apa sutaeleneflostoae cle n excess lin din organism, sub forma de uring, * " seetinins presiunea este mai mica, yxido-réducBtoare, prin care substanjele energie, ‘NOTIUNI ELEMENTARE DE IGIENA $1 PATOLOGIE ' 2 ‘eau sam PREVENIRE—] ulafitrarea glomerular, reabsorbyie tbularé yi Gripa rafiltraren glomerulars, se eee pla save prin membrane gem tulburri digestive care este o plas de jPararea unl anit Fibroza pulmonara Sclerozareajesutlui | imbracémin it krtit plomerulare este gapactiat ‘ lomerulae eis gupactate de firare a celor doi rinichi gi are © valoare de Palmore adecrate G&S del de 1801/28 ae wines pulmo wows CesT det de 1801/24 ore. ‘exagertl a est respiratorie ycardiact | externe; 2. Reabsorbfia tubulars 56OU! Jou foun eaawde wy guyz ‘suum 1oseoonut eaesoray 20f mesatoud zap © no gunaad sauna evainp ~ yenasueM waxy ap § vewounp nO wasezindxo 18 angewu SuEEA0 fo4joytMun pose eye 89 8 wou ‘sea ‘AnaUucs sso} no « nan ‘oz gnop uip spews uns ‘ypaiod sued ~ en ‘outoyn ajadns; ts DIC OTS NINUAGH YOLYONGONdae TAWaLsIS MOLYONaONdA IAWaALsIS alsonpasds nsyuod een oo eatlse 209 y2axos wwouuoy eaioasv op $1 (zjozoreauads nes 122 eonpavst we 29 wioury me (aojnonsy 8 efazen0) sropenoty va {ERP x95 9p iyaspuy Yop e eatedyoqed SESISS om inoustatso © gjeouspuny smiaudoudo ase eatonpontan SudONGOwEA Za VILNA Ez “Senisusseodiy "2218}90 ‘sjiaiee as SIRT mn wy ops) “asvosaung 1389p upuun jana een aWOLAWIS azavo ‘MISO TOLVa IS YNAIDI 4G FUVINGNTTS INGILO! soo0id pues pups eupd gouge y awed eum a Bi Ezvouoy as fan 89 ‘ ‘an ono 19 00} naod tHe atajaeudo-tip 0) as € (eaytouad) oquauraypow aoun 8 24n ype 4 2p no} tanpous gop uy FzeCz E95 3§ sq}UN|ayHqry fadLnNE Hy ax sorsqns ature oxeuodsuear uns amid “aqosqeat awnqen wyiaaag {0 8 weam “vde :oyessdasa1 suns pugo “axSuoue 9p wansue> wae) 70]tale externe - vulva cuprinde labiile mari, muntele lui Venus, labile mici, SANATATEA REPRODUCERH matur expulasaea ovoetul de ordinal Ise transforma fn eval In rime superoard a tompel uterine are loo cu ovulul, rezultand celula-ou (zigotul). (euun set de cromozomi), 29-3 +4 + const tn unirea spermatoz ccelula sexuala ferinina, baploi ‘se confin cromozomul de sex X. “na = const in seczefia de hormoni ovarient: estrogeni si progesteron, RODUCATOR MASCULIN igotul fst continu fetmentaeaTncé wel zie ph care seen uterina = Atdlajla; >) = os mul care din luna a treia devine fat ce erste si se ‘noua de sarcin3; jam si ft se realizeza prin intermedi p'wentel yi fste determinat ‘de tipul de spermatozold care fecundesc& ovuiul, Daca idl te heterozoml X, cop va. fat. Det spermatozoa as wl ¥ ‘ya fi baa, . Tea { const fn expulzia atu la sirsital eelor nous luni de deevolare cle enpore de contacepfie une contraceptive orale; ivele de baricri: prezervativele, diaftagma, spermicidele; ©. Glandele cexe sunt: veziculele semi Vez enctile testiculetor “Testiculele au functie mixt&: exacrind gi endocrind, . Funetia ezocrind - spermatogeneza - const fntt-o succesiune de modificari pe care te | svferd sper |) pan la formarea spermatozoizi Ye Funejia enctocrind - const in secresia de hormoni androgen: testosteronul.9 = 2 x9) amar eum ofsodoat onc ¢$ apadat yeu cong 9 {uu uns 9}490d8 189-19 -tM-NAY aulsoud are o} ap sojoads & pou} Hap Dod e| 2p NCLY 2p ducted ep sorsoure una} 150)N09[ 0440 !NAEW 2amoMS w Uazadd “QE FeOQEE ; ‘eampeus NAY puynese SseuatEDNg uMMap ajanoajou ‘uaBuPIy 9p aylund ower 26 “amplENul|deuoa 9p eq od Beue 9s ojouowo wera orsooys 2s winjos yoUC] Nay aounu os 1¢ sotoreooNOM oupuRL (ONY “Omg pIloRI oS9 euoteo0u0. Nay 9p esssurlgo 2189 pmeynzas 1 axeimensp yuna soodid ‘NCAY 9p auote9 ni 990 eats 98 18 dau 95 axeuawiaydizon sweiozw azeq 2p 2 soupy ap yt oon of SRE i os ‘uuprusd 8 o1uind da ap soueRio alueysqns yuns aye.0ze 9qa23q SIEMMESOT S 6OOT ANEUUXoade wl HEM BHeTEOUy O9 N'Y EUR as am Uy axis O Z>eCL — 6 m (aq) ouecy expelun ‘(gzowcad 0) reuee un = ‘wmome prego = ‘qusvoduioa Jon) up wutagsye 2159 epro9foaN -apmos ama aun ajdusts dguun up sreuioy sxeynoojowouoeus sopunyo always 1UNs EMAIDAN FZIOW UY atpjona0qe mpioe - can 8 puluope anal signe = xa aejanuoqursezsp "9120 e105 NAY © pieuoweniq wimong (e ) sands Rnop ap 1u18 {91 TOAN ZI = Suu euuepe = eujui eu ewuspe ‘ean 9p unda asted wise Nay 9p eo2qouosoeU (> YOINIHD ALLIZOaWO2 ~ :919719.N ZIV Nt © no w8nay a8 gfaund gunoze ge 0 Dulu0> YUVINDATION YOULANID “tL PAU O BURFEPIOIW EO [RsuES wy ‘auK\uOuIa}dMOD zuNs aUEIED ERO 995 6 5-5 YOUINAD ‘1 ‘ioup uy eunesprony ane) 95 eonoucd e{e99 sel “¢— .¢ amma so are guayea o weap BOUND “6 — .E nsuds yeavdyyue 2uns Nay 2p auare9 xs . YAVHin 3IDOTODA 1S YOLANG 2p 0s ap sia ew ieqieg 2n01p © S104 IgE op eULOy qus Rrewore<1q eamaRs op EIZasdas paepunDa 4 ‘ane ‘ume gust 9p 409 & xed -Aup spuoston 9p wooAces ap grauszoxdos ‘gieusreoouoM pred gaMONs *e sonau waseiodsaa~ ‘mresord 2 {umanns ap und ghop asaqes02p 95 NALY 9p e[Mo=foWOsDeUr HY 8 ‘oumvioyu: sd wonzop 35 vavasowa NAV D1¢T2ANOARAXOZAG InaLDY — | Hf yuouNdxa woseyAa = 9p ying | s9,u8eq nouns! xqTAWONIGY yofonu soyze w gaewsd ‘pqefooudou sumone Ruyzeudos ‘soipyosjanniod sojkmtuey waseuuoy no 3j@ ax s0;9pI% amorgduey ‘uses.uud | -yuoil: 9p usd - “=pnoafonu anuip aouirsoqpoysoy zon amye3>{ esoxep gieja$o2 ‘Buys op wopuot unions na seypHoofonuyod (susqe9} caniuey pugnynzas ('p) azeoyguuin lazonued [8 UOKse> 9p wow waysH (8 18 (59) ezowad foun je uoqueD ap tore ¥o|fouID [¥ anuy aak) 2s vay] “ajazoniod n> eoyroyso wry #ajgzeowuo} (4) 965505 mpaqprg, no aga - *VLIXANY anu Pps JO|zW e wag op aren js} ound 0 yzeasee 2s vow gpys09,9NU aMINGAaWA AWOLAWIS ‘aZOVD. 10g © wevowoy wowed 0 n> soruiprunud mas sajaund ayeoze azeq foun eoreutedO) "Nav eimion3s u puazoud (q) ezOquuKoz=p ~ ‘AIDOTOLYA 18 YNAIDL AG DUVALNGINIT INOLLONsa sintera pro 1.| FUNCTIA SUTOCATALITICA sau repliearea(auiocopierea) ADN jie si se _realizeazh dupa modelul . ‘moleculé de ADN flick (nou formats) confine 0 - prea ; . Se SSosizh suecssy, pe back oe shcesive se frment G cated polinlatit nuk slr de pa cated th J ensiele ADN geo de a igitr de irogen . cule de ADN bistna avi mol Y= id repliae agar stan nollor molecule de ADN cb identice eu molecula - mams. 2, ( FUNCTIA HETEROCATALITICA jau sinteza proteinelor Proteincle sust macromolecule formate prin nlanfuirea intr-o anumitd suocesiune a celor * Legitura dintre seevenja nucleotidelor in ADN gi suecesiunea ami ‘moleculs protect se reaizeazi eo ajutorul codului genetic. Unitaile de coditicare a informatie! genetice sunt cod Codonal ests alcatuit dint-o seoventa de tri nucleotide aliturate din mai tomo de ADN care determin® pozitia unui aminoscid in molecula de proteind sau afi sintezei proteice, + Intre scevenja nucleotidelor din ADN gi secvenja aminoacizilor din molec la ste'o"stranst corelatie, fenomen aumit colinearitate, CARACTERISTICILE CODULUI GENETIC nlf codoni sin : Din cei 64.de codoni ai codului genetic, un numérde 61 codified cei 20 de uminoaci, jar 3 eodoni (UAA, UAG, UGA) nu codifics aminoaciai, sit cadoni STOP. + Codul genetic este nesuprapus, ceca ce inseamnd c& doi ETAPELE SINTEZEI PROTEICE Etapele sintezei proteice sunt: transcriptia si translate, prima etapa tn procesul de sine2i prot 8 de ADN In ARNm cu ajutoral enzi sintezel to structur& continua, conn Huma seevents informa ional. ARNmi copiazt informetia genetica a mai multor gene. ‘wanscrisre, into molecula de ARNm informatia eueariote, gencle cuptind secvente de aucleatide exon! si seevenfe non ~informationale denumie.introni ~~ sinteza unui ARNm precursor; > _seofionarea ARNm precursor cu sjutonil unor enzime speci + eliminarea secvenfelor non-informationale (introni) 31 informajionale (exoni) itre formarea ARNm matur ligaza, ARN matur treve din muclea sifuziune, legarea ove «din exori asamblagi cu ajutorul en plasma si ajunge Ia ribo2t 6s.‘sayadoosap eseaoe nnuad F290 Inn iq 98400 upwo: jmmeaes ap siedoosap ys0} ne MWUOZOgNY ii 9p aaa foun roo mep aes-uer ang fan lod 15 “reupoa0Vou aio “apnO3|anu Sp 06 © Of MNP tod Tezany noo) w wzmeoUe’yuodu 09|0UH BaNURLA op oxfoury tw ELgEUEA 2 ‘mefanu wy 20{ 218 ti 2 ateido> ap ymuowiou s0]suibild wastuis 3 9p ej owoxbeat wip sae foun © ESRI {BRE ‘NW'Y ap gor eynsefoua © mv axe) TautA 19 yoousd oy uejnoato sniy — S19 TANOMNA TAGOY | “WNUY 9P srymutozoqu easton HE INIY IN 8 9p eorprdadyod youayeo waseiagyfo ouncnsaud S3jojoud zaHUIS wSUEULUMa, /*¢ SUNRIV + HNHW+°VV~!VV ty ~8¥y 4 RARE AWW ‘projoud INAV. 9p afe4nD9I0HX jodpudad ajourzug AUY ~ EWE NAY "VV sxaydiuoo gnop € tfovoue eau eoppndad Joana wrens Boo 204d oua}es waneBUorS ("2 INV + INUV~ VV INUY +d ~ ¥¥ iowa’ feS9uu youn yuyaeys HOULUUDS 2709 OJ WOPOD vopau yqnpoeourue epunds8400 aR (OA) Liy.Lg HOPED un mutesed UNL rid "mINREY 2p ) ysopuaurzovape prs d~d+dWV~VV~ aly 4v¥ (anny ) yesojouoursrzouspe pice eoUlWE JOjeuIZU9 eaunyioe gris ts rif wnomsieasiod avoLitone o] fariduussuesn exiagas| ( unele pari ORGANIZ/.REA MATERIALULUI GENETIC LA VIRUSURL Ins» 80 - 2500A, parazte intraceul metab cel lei gaze care va efectua sinteze noi, dup modelu Au 6: ORGANIZARTA MATERIALULUI GENETIC enetce infec iomicroscopice cu dimensiuni cape de organizare celulara, enzime gi pitrunde th celula gsads, devisza procesele de biosintezl curacteristice iat de virusul vepetativ. ilot componente int-un numar mare de virion; liza ea celu‘ei gazda; aria 1a dzzoxiribo ‘netic viral se bazeu2a pe complementartatea bazelor azote, “) uri catena de ADN serveste ca matri pentru sinteza Cromozomul are o lungime de 1000 de ori m Bacterile mai contin si ADN extracromozo: ‘+ Plasmidele caracteri Exemple de plasin singuri mole genetic n_procatiote este repreze la cireularé de ADN. "=" ‘mare decdt diametrul reprezentat de pla care reprezint izind ca gi ‘epreziid un mi ULE (Itoral desi), comin poe MEW avid on sscominrce gore al K(hcor de resold ce marker gene rol in ecombinares genetic8, determinind cregterea v ca aaa resterea varibi ite helerogenisate, cova ce reprezi ‘medi a bacterilor: ingineria genetic’ cu ajutorul erora pot fi introdus de la eucaroteHHajou ‘(junxas ye wwozowors) pwozosa;ay ap ayo ymSewess NAN aaWoNaD YNVINO VOLLANSD 7 “1 pu mores ‘amo prepunoes aloisuoo guutzaud ~ ‘ade ‘nuip imu ap edeoude yeseid aise rsowo naa = o.auea0400 nuozowo.9 ‘2qedout ateig gnop ne - ~__taeyparuqns wesejd aisa jrustostuao- fquaaviougns jwozowoxo ‘9639 ofaxq Enop ne = wusIED omaiy Op Ip aeUIOp as2 vezwpE}aWH |NWOZOWIO ys000ud Yap oneuai mjnyepoteus arpoudns areieysedy 1 arestapuc2 winosud ‘gxojdatoo rea Boquuryp eamjon 2p gas eounue 189 of "qunewos9 ap wieyy saoyngo(ta2e9 “uorty-o2/ane ymxsydeuoa ewewoy ajouorsty no gum . "yg ooquopsty suroyoud {Sun yuupewueny gud ayum asosES oF aue> apnosfonu ap ioze eAsTED UIP RIULIO) NGV 9p sduans9s joun jruoinfe no gezeazieas 26 twos0o/anu Jop azn ££ angoC sau “twiozowoN9 9p 9p WP uMpOTE asa feUUION KeKem jexetazZOWNOAD jm ELHO> NYINA IVINOZOWOWD ININAWT WOO ~ —__—“ioueooid o ap joo no anesedwo) Pu waNEEOI, oo ‘aqmoajou pop aygo euuos o169 “a "QUNEWOND 3p 1249 ated" aim20y 2189 uy rad 9p 3u ‘otoyoud ezoquis op ‘suoioud wy gstnsueN) y ayeod nu aim ‘onauas jofeuunyuy — vou 1oNU EBOULOS 985 SHEE 2209 UY ‘2109 orejanu ze ap rewozoudas f nopohie up socis “TeopaiT 21au—d yeUBTE “weoonuenxo Nay 18 48}9NU NAY AB Le.29I0uN 1 Spiuayp ais aanyeua — eomemyeuapgzezzie21 ‘avon NGV 2P Wp Ns 3+ / LFV Frode: 1 w|90 “isajonu Nay ap U2puedapal 9 mint © g ¥zaus 9p ypeood wy nu aEp ‘anOALosuOcIUDE Jnyapo Rdep Ra}daL 95 ~ fuse nonsed 2foun sue aeonuesyx> 1 NUY _ “injnou9 uLD} 2p ‘Nay 2p pnoajow © ap yigzaxdou ays ssojnueaso 2youo8 yapunneyy (NV) npuocoiia 18 (axay) Pismydouoy> ey waseO| “aiaTBRTEAHRS 99092 jeuD}EW >} ‘ap pozoxdas mse ajqs89n9 o 31)9493 alee) Blo rade kupuosoyr aye aie 18 wieofo0u ueiquiou no ynzgsidl nay no ‘sajyso|njd nes aseayztun aus]ue3o une sfoyoue9N Po Qyages{ 2 @LORIVINT V1 OLANAD LYN TVRIGLYW YSUVZINYDUO teCancerul este transmis clonal: el pomeste de ta o singurd celula prolifereaza, iar toate celulele descendente ale acesteia sunt anormale. Re: a de tumori, a centromerului. ‘grupe notate cu litere: A, B, C, D, E, FG. Pacexrn CARCINOGEN! | Agenil carcinogen! : Agentul carcinogen din perechile 16-18; uibmetacentrci din perechie 19-20; (Ouse, miduva spinteil plain Pele ‘Rodos ullraviolets [Pile imaladii generate de as CONSIDERATI BIOETICE)IN GEN ‘CANCERULULUMAN aT UMTANA important dooarece furnizeaza infor smozomiale iuie etica privind aplicarea de cercetiri biologice fundamentale. my FENOTIPUL CANCERULUL ereditare care afecteaza fe comportament ale cru 2se we ‘oye; nes owpunyuy sussin sjadwon ne ave ‘Bqe|s 189 so[a]nA0 na wln00 29 ira ie) 101 9p erecozaxdas ‘sy4ou euauodwoo;"inda}Olg » Snowy wad im wy spay y ea yeyuEad uoyouny 1 gjeamonas ‘zzeq op eayeyui as> nulaists00q _as-pugittioy ‘Suni uy RAG! aio imokiZ ays sojsowNT age “eA TIPO jay wy oes Hop w wan SUVDLLSTANI i AC UYLIIVOW i$ LV Z1dOHINY HOTANALSISOOS FUOILSIMALOVaVO CMLIA MI TUVEITLNAA f soercane|d 1 rugs Joza1A wavenyeas anuad WezHN aW9 — FF TaIOT PLAT d ‘a9qimios sojojnya0 ware __!8Bupog teEnjooe ¢ndios wy aonposta ‘peau ow snare - 401004 sun ragine no gh #9 019 HOU [ARSE onoUSB aIeayspou ejnj99 wastes uy ausyNUL BOUdT avon ‘peuiou aud oqur dos wean senso ws aus op nfm eee A # oxonuisuen 9p ynpou og (oun rayon guresferp o-nuy puuroxdas - que ur s0poH98 sam ee bie op yporen Oso = yarn jb, YoINad vidvaiat_J} cama ttelssta rood inns} res 240810 9p asins you op ynsys = ‘reap “mod wompus ‘uosuryeg owoyzyy “2488 oq t0un waesapLIA 3 39 wp ‘aimyqlsod gp gontadeiyvareuo(> uLis2p 1 jai oun eaeisar eHoMMUUM feyEUaAd (83) . o _ —“asnnsp ojooyoo walDagaNtuuad osS5G8 | ‘nsal

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Lacuri Je baraj st lacuri de acumutare ramet, et. fomuluiasupra agroecosistemelor consumatori secundari (de or ‘euston, plancton, necton, de: neuston, pl lantriletrofice a de apa aflatt fa zona de contact dintre medi Ele euprin 1 oase anuale 5! bianuale le de cereale, plante leguminoase, oleauin 2, Iazuriy helesteie piscicole zul ese un ecosistem artificial, amenajat in scopul obfinerii unor producti 51 pentru mordrt, agement, apreciate de piscicuturi sisematice. 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Noua lor de Hl, DETERIORAREA ECOSISTEMELOR PRIN SUPRAEXPLOATAREA RESURSELOR BIOLOGICE, > Defrisarea padurilor ecologic, climatic si Pavuile este fectozul determinant In menfinerea hidvie, > Supraexploatarea faunel terestre Omul a cnneribuit direct la reducerea efectivelor, sau chiar disparifia unor speci prin antilopei americane pa african’ (Alcelephus baselaphus), rinocerul alb aria (Cervus elapbus barbatus), zebra quagga (Equus ‘quagga), iar turmele de clefani,bivoli, lei, yirae, zebre, s-au redus foarte mult, hr depaut bourul (Bos primigenius), bizonul european (Bisoi bonasus) si ‘a capre alp ne(Capra ibex). Jn Roméria, ax disparut: bourul (Bos primigenius), zimbrul (Bos priscus bonasus), ‘urpanul (Equus cabalus gmelini) antilopa de step& (Saiga tatarica), capra de munte (Capra ibex), marn ota alpina (Arctomys marmota) Suat pe eale de disparite:risul (Lynx ‘yrx), capra neagr’ (Rupicapra rupicapra). 2 Dintre pisari sunt ameninate s8 dispar: 28gansl (Gypactus barbatus’, vu sur (Gyps fulvas), vulturul pleyuy negru (Aegypis monactus), drop! mesteactn (Lyrarus teri), > Supraexploatarea resurselor oceanice a condus la dispari alena aléns si bale pest si-au diminuat s 1 (Gadus morhus), meri (Me carapace, > Urbs Ca unmare cteperitexageate & populate! base, a at lc gh dew industriilor si transporturilor In mod excesiv, Ca urmare s acestui Tn raul epee de smog, particule de pate um, copes creeaza un mediynepiine pen stata oun atesiemelor ners, espiaton,endocrin ioxid de cart ML DETERIORAREA MEDIULUI PRIN POLUARE Poluarea este 0 modificare 9 factorilor de med‘, prin introducerea ate din activitates % (ejeuri + biologics v Poluarea oate si fie: termic&, radioactiv, sonora 2 Poluarea termicd sau caloried Diferte gaze si m primul rind dioxidul de carbon, conduc Ia inet ‘pariiaefectului de sera pe care il provoacé. Cresterea concentrafiei dioxidului de carbon si azot, clorofluorocatboni) se face prin a ayezirilor umane sia refelelor de comunica eAlzirea global® are urm topirea ghetarilor, 8in| ‘azc-Aou ‘anyeneToroman ugingIM wo e wzausSeInul ap nes arezs29ue9 ap ost un gua ube oun favenaoy wasifto Lup fongnn rede soyog rod efeog ap peu qs onosour aves sep ‘ee ojo umuoiopunope 6 yanao H Henen wo angio’ iad coneiog “alum p sve soe 6 pony eer gnoouoo sou 2s une “soos tare puronD sousop 0 sonpoxt imopqHO}Y = ume “ymmmoysoy nuasycquiaus saDopusamat. aw 8 mad is Hansa snqruscasy *2eypano 1 yore sueo “ous puLia: ANVW ILYLYNYS Vadnsy HOTaNGUSISOOM IRIyuORIaLAG TAL Dasa 9 -yoads aoim vareyoxzop nt unags ap teiesiusouo vasa 2) wreazz0Ne) 6 sojous up 2180014 uustusi00% ‘ode eseut wt eareyonzsp 20] au “lode jp 2jnasao Hewte9 sown e day wy aueymuanoe op Teun: S200 um 280 no Jo] eoreujureues ud ySenpur 29x} 96 JojswuoNsTE ‘prewouue sasnpur Upp [eIsods ay sojede wazeey: dow woyBojouatong va wisojo1g earenjog < snoxouu ‘quinyd 9p att x0 Ss2qze ‘uoqen “eno 2p ajnorued aseouaumu wiuo> (eqtogrnd) Ip earopgo ‘ioseo warewwojap uid REISAHUEE FZOs0N], jazunyy fe azosseu anposd “(woug “oUpIo}2 ip ¥ZEOUL.) Up ede no stfeuiquos wy 1 ‘ioj22una (ezors0u) Lnsse Qusuirop syns f aigloeaiues “njuzne ease Baxap-3ums o10uos 2p ajarmgues ‘ououse 1S onseisy unwodsuen j9uR290 jap ad asndap uns 9p tmnoojg wt asnjout 16 axyH\5sawaydtoos wy asnipoanu ys aze> aa,WoLe 2 ‘owoye ojouzn ef ap afade fe ne a1e> sansuoypus ajusundep reypord mo propo wee uy : uueyuoo 2p zjos.ngSubiectul | (30 de puncte A Comaterat sp corecta. Cata-acta reprezints opaciferea si... 94 duce fa sindeza proteinelor. A govnbel onsele: 5. Digestia proteinelor tncepe in: =avitatea bead fringe Intestin subire stomac reptul cifel corespuncatoare afirmatiel, litera A. Da ifei corespunzitoare aftrmat sd devind adeviraté. Nu se accepta fo sia mucoaselor, produst inser8 pe oasele membrului tere corespunsitonre ritspunsulut corect, Este corectt 0 i tera F si modificatl paral 4 puncte Uibere din afirmayia urmitoare, asifel ineat aceasta sd fle pilerdereatreptaté a. 6 puncte Numiqi dowd tipurt de ARN celular; prectzati, pentru flecare tip de ARN, rotut in 10 puncte x ater ti, aftrmatille urmitoare, Daca apreciayl c@ aftrmagla este adevarata,scriey in apreciated afirmayia este fulsit, rea negatie. e 0 bacterie. superior, \¢ 6 moleculd ce prezinistructurd secundar’ monocatenar, ma snot itu nomal de eonmcti exes frecventa de 75 contractii/minut, in ma Tease nin Sabi urntiowele "nou en de comand ere relat fi de genrare amp bi erin ct nol cnt de oman te ut Me In on HEED, pen eh 6 de ge ac cea problem eu th cern pe creo formu cate sipropur cite rezolvai serinta pe 12 punete Respiratia si excretia reallzenza funetile de mut 2) Precizaji dou forme de transport tle gazelor res ) Caracterizati 0 boali 2 sistermului excretory ‘manifestare, un mod de prevenire sau de combatere ©) Construii patra enunturiafirmative, eéte doua penta stinjfic adecvat Fok Respirati semiconservativ de replicare a ADM, fr heterocatai tems,ws 9 anouusyfo vo Yojoaude wood “¥ B42 405 ‘prmamsopo 2389 opiouuyfo 2 sip22udo yoeq “uvopuuin ayivuutfo ‘opua}0 ND ‘tn owed 91 @ Na «4 gwuazoid yzoyod (9 tind gece xz (9 inseam no poeiuauaydiuoo (q und greece yea (e 2p our ur squ2818 doo valaroasodiy wid sonpoud tt oo100s no gpueid o a9 Ingejsou9 wzeq x] yrezes9} 91S9° __ eayodjoudpe soxsasod go} e9 are apeunoypuusn vutfo 10d 28 wxfodhy audsoq'y ‘punaas so ‘punoas 60 apunaes ¢'y° 2punaas 195 =sWanbunp PADyropanUEs BIONDI “¢ nyooei0s eBugs ryruawopge & wdeaip smpuoouve eriiede pusaneiop arog gotuoro guntaoye 0 asx, -sundses 2p ios gantiuys 0 proos0d a48q 732409 rmnsundsps sxvory2undso109 wsomy wiokoqy ‘siunlor o -uisyszo up you senor ronan anol mina tepoud cued ap paaes wong opty, ayaund 9 uoye> 0 yzeaunsoy 28% muonRUN gordi |S Buss 9p klusnoos wumue 0 no ‘sumoud op soytoods azqyuys eanuuorep ¥ op feraptde a pau eeunea wo md uo FINO Hin - ‘uozoqu "wy xy ‘2t2u38 jnpoo“ete|sues, “edysosueN ‘ajovouw ‘susexd ap ezaius ‘2um ta1se08 soyizads juniiou aves» f- ayo aavopezundso40> joshi pmoap ane "UD UaS TAI CaTOTA # POT BUATIBT ‘Busjeo 0 pupae aseoou “reueieDI9 NAY af ‘yey reyuouta|duuoa ap weg ad gusseido Hay ep afanesodinr "Fay — ous rsnurepaoaTy = PRS YaqEIP BTHTGTUA VOTO Toney FOqeHp awe YoosyA mL |e eayeiqQsonpuon "waver i ngmpamooqu ape AaLAdoxe THO, “ynynpreooru ae Himeuderd prop iunyy | > ‘pues OT =F anu x apunaas gg“ ups ru 0909 Buys ju Sz nuyuyoBups 1 ¢ = ‘atejnau set ups ynouwan uy ‘rleynoup “sugesoaq ydioo 2[auedio 2p undy sjoque wud sawuywosy | 2 sue yenodsueg 2189 a1a8uysIn drsprut ciel corespurzitoare aftrmaiel,liera F $i modificat! partial aftrmatia ca aceasta sd devind adeviratd. Nu se acceptd folosirea negate stole general se produce datoritarelaxaril miocardull vonditi de repaus, expiraja este un proces activ. temele antropizate contin un numas mare de speci Helen 30 punete) 18 punete (Geretca uma stuica genoa! uman, a) Procizati pat ‘care se apeleazA la sfaturile genetice. b) Se di urmatoarea suecesiune de nucleotide pentru 0 catend din molecula de ADN: CGAGTATC. stabil suecesiunea nucleotidelor de pe catena de ADN complementari catenei date; precizat. seevenfa de ARN mesager complementard catenei de ADN objinuth la puactul precedent; ©) Complerai aceastd probl Pe care afi propus-. meu o ath ceri pe care 0 formu Voi; rezolvati cerinja 1 ite Subiectul al lea (30 puncte) 1 14 punete Inima este un organ al sistem 1) Precizai doua faze ale ciclului b) Caracte-izafi o boalt @ sistemulu ‘manifesta, un rod de prevenire sau de combatere, ‘©)Constru i patra enunfuri afirmative, cte dova pentru fiecare continut, utiliza formati refertoare la urmato: + Girewlatia- imunitatea ie pentru fiecare faz denurirea bc 2 16 puncte Sisteml digest este aleatuit din toualiatea organelor care au ca scop realizarea igestiei si absorbgict. lous segmente ale tubului digestiv tn care ae loc digesta. digestiv gi secrefiile digest lat, Absorbtia intestinala”. In acest scop, enumerai jase notiuni acestors, un text coerent, format din trei-patrfraze,folosind fe enumerate. 88 BAREM DE REZOLVARE $I NOTARE SUBIECT7 ITEM ‘Aap | -exempla de nojiunk basionape, rodopsine 1 [B68 30p c- 10 P D P J fA + seevenja de ARN mesager complementar& eatenel de ADN obi Ja punetul precedent: CGAGUAUG: = Enumerafi dou componente structurale comune ADN-k ARN-ulul, 0 30p a ~ cv=vesvik= VER VER = 2000 ml wer, b_ | -caleularea volumuluireridual B ‘VR= VER x 50:100 \VR= 1000 mi ar ; ~ dous faze ~ exemplu de rspuns: sistola at ventricular) ~elte 0 caracter ‘contra iB pentru fiecare fuza - exemplu de ra contractia ventricuelor) chemick © cauzt: ateroseleraza; © manifestare: dureri in regiunee nimi 9co-sndoud te 9309 1 0 nayad ayisojoj y waund 30 Buys ap adn 99 (9 fours 9129 anuip amean0 asquad ‘au 12m a3uys azouop ts yod axe soqmmg rop {99 ne aueBounse 99 1$ wines du oo (Q ‘owoeunoy eleyesdns od ouaSounnie a} nop 2]20 vaxw yod auinsiuns adn 29 (@ 9p unde ajoquie ome nu eum qu go py *2yaavorpacin dgoss amp s2qso op ap aps puyad vopnd ev quinyas 1 “guynduos pena psoaaou pupsn fayput Zown -s00p 2Bups owap sod pogapg top pojpe ouref sopoyuun 28ups ouop aod i (11) ¥ ouansuns ods 200 ogspy 2puyp ju “apoio yy 23ups pups jos ‘ynfsuoas 9p aroka1 mo 2409 pune wore agin) onwased oy oman Bunf ds eng apand z1 eluuoo seajozas ‘104 a8 NaV 2 2% "Na 99 e[noqouotbeu py vais20e anuIp 099 22) “epnoafane jugamgeut nsoooud seoyda 29 ‘una apound gy BETTE - of mile900 95 ayy pivsguopo puray ps visaz00 WD mano ‘fo pniaod Pooyfipout p84 vs2yy ‘oxboussyfo axvoppasendsosre ufo yaydoup us ysos ps0 mleiusyfo yo yrooaudo wood "y wsoy ‘apiouuafo asvowpeundsaso> yous pmisp '§ potpsapn 289 oplmuutfo po Hoxseede youd “aenoypuaan aynouuifo ‘ore m9 hu) paid gn oflejnana way opfouinu a6 (p oy ‘uusyr 2ewoonus (p — pumjnasear ppeuod (o ezyodiy epuers (@ {ap rye1208 2989 pruos2yo124 P ‘yom eps (e vfaup njrouna (p Supe rymnoumven a daup e(q’ Suga inne (@ 21, apnyosap 2s pavoysafiay yao Bua“ foul uodsues (p axetuowojdie> auore> gop a1 (2 a8 ye HareUL 189 ‘u1uin no opnoajonu ase (e 13 naofo inp ams dau np sosouop sgrumanad aoosdsuosy ap Prenat yeu syns. fun y>tzan (psp sngngny (9 2p piuoysos pandins 0 po2409 2163 ‘22409 jnmnsundsps aavoypzundso403 apound o1 ‘umes anon nauod s0 pnun vasqunuap pianjoaud !azvoqsodns s0j2equuow apo uny324 gop finany, ‘ovound 18 rouaytiod yareu apurdas “~ soxsou jmusisis _2yf ps esx0a00 spous pofise‘cswospuisn miownfo mp esoqy aod rnzadury anid y Saad Sei pzjov 9p guun: gns wewocyead <= ip 2 am0 21RD Ul BIOORG 3{na0 HEF Sjropred waeaines sjue84o0 vayeloedeo guuizaidas way sea warwzijvo1 nnusd pesosou ois ouindues sojpdni wasaifrouny neue unjur op ajduoxs nae BOpO SymuANIR 9p yesqyys> uuBos mun eoxeyrodsou ‘wouwwonoud op Poul U7dite Cs puncte) 14 puncte 16 puncte ire care au rolul de a ile primite din mediul extern BAREM DE REZOLVARE SINOTARE, Posibilitiile de unire ale bazelor azotate din moleccla de ADN sunt: A] , leghturi duble de hidrogen : CG, legat = oele doua femei au grupa de cinge A ( arbafi au grupa de singe AB Stabititice aglatinine are barbatul eu grupa sanguina A ‘Birbatul cu prups sanguina A (Il) are aglutinina bets, m 30p a! respectarea -nui regim alimentar ech Patru exemple de enunf Ni 5) pereeperen ev batone- sunt receptor pen vederea noctimy crepusculars, ~exemplu de nojiuni: perfec, gang ‘Doua regiuni ale membrelor superioare / denumirea unu os: ~ brat = humerus; ebrat- radius. Mise intitle Segmental Iucrmedar al anaTemti Waal ut , in meta-alamus, termediar conduce de fa reveptori mesaje sub forma de 3e cre aie coricae, 3B6 WELL ares, MAVLON IS AVA TOZAY 3a WaUvE “oyesowinus aqumyiou afer wy 18190109 Puisoqoy ame nured-ren wip yeuiey u21909 7x9) un xOys008 yso0r w ‘uahoqanon my onoued mmyopiones vosinmndig! oqoroug fe one Ww musluod oyofonu proe 9p jad ap axfoury wy ap pnd — 0p nujiuoo 2jassoyeuun eeazo139j34 (nfequay pugzyjan “uy}uoo aaepoty nawod ‘apqoquton op nes ayguoaaud op pou un ‘pupzaud soso snymuusiss v EIBoq 0 ‘sirpsqyimew 0 “gene dso? 2783 vases a" ound pp w FE Be WET woud ye a209| Inuuos 0 axko ad wlutioo nye © n> Ae] ap euIa}goxd od uy 8 gf wdnid up a8ups no genysuen foun eitso% JoeuOp JojeuUT N/E 1S myMC Ad soFoUsFOUH ‘woreu0 “FO LS 9 amOBou yey 8 sry apetod yy #8 9 ‘enous 9 Hojo) narod moumzaud 2s yonds w7 ‘anfsunu oun waseryoo4 piwsavaU 384 9Supe 201 0 spend eon me wa no syouma wm ‘una ap ap20 nt oun Mp ‘osnddoud i sluao Heafozas ‘on teymuoy 0 zea ad plus pipe o no wulajgoad gaseo9e ‘upon ZI up wouou un-nuy ASST Faas RORY [—F HOU aydwio> aise Tuy [ONSEN IE (ea RIGnS ae TAR TENIOR TE] c= ve 1 eons op oreond wena 0 a8 you atl sto-a 3S a] of TOI=D SBA 3 SHUTS PAGS ung eas Jorn o92/ aps a sues ReG | dy-—q pH Wotton amwepexama-[Tarcy] || mm 108 up 9% 09 saurzaidan wusseid i$ yuoxau ap fo xEWINW UN Bj 9p RUT EzeDT22I09 ‘yerou8 prowseap uy styoun yojduto9 oys0 Sue daoesiue9 1ojoporats waseZWne. uy FISUOO qouuay ap ass20ud yeazy 95 aus |nyRUN “found op doBou vousopf rudaace 26 me "pynsgsapo Du yiowuyfo prized piooyfipowe 16 2201 ‘pspof 21:0 mpiouunfo po pnyooudo gov -Y os2Hy 2 jours ‘proupsope 282 ninuulfo po pnyveude youd “avorpwan 2ypiouufo ‘apund oF ‘sjoutsraud (p rppeoure (e aus sd qsosqD 28° 5 opodiouo adeuea o pzeouordaoas (Pp © sontau syn sonpuoo (q aquantuos yzuas warasoge (9 seuaTe20uoN NCTY wp aEMIED|E HUN (P INRA op axeuE}g furyiod pusidno (@ oqeiodar (p wiom(p —ayodiyomeuto — searoupd (qa {2p phosearas 2189 mupdowo3ys203 *L sundsps 2p © proaue9 298] 792409 immmsundsps oavopprundsou09 wor ti>82qV 2 “ausodtp op ynso2ead my os un 2490 ‘quouodios 2s0v0yf nauad ‘poczzaad tayso8ip mmngns apo spuauodied 2 " ayound 9 “gpa 0 asa y8 af ps wyso200 Jp2M) jefso ‘owwojpuun opiounfo ump 2229N) Fay,u 30p, Deosebire — volumial arivei primare © mai mare comparalv eu eee Final ~ calcularea numiralul Ge neifoni dint-o piramida Malpighi | 1.000 000 :10 = 100 00 calcularea cantitiii de plasma filtrata prinr-unrinichi / 24ore 600 x 60/100 = 360 1 plasma filtraté printr-o piramida = 36.000 mi plasms de plasms fitrattprintr-0 prams Malpgh aor 36.000 : = 18.000 ral plasma. ~ aglutinozen B ‘ahi ‘Gresterea concentrajiel anticorpilor ani care vor reacjiona cu ‘antigenul D determing hemoliza. exemplu de corinjée ipulagfutinoge2elor din singele colegulul cu grupa AB, |_Aglutinogenele din singele colegului cu grupa AB sunt: A si B. Pectorali, dint ‘Oboseala muascularé cauzt: activate fizics dezorganizats; nei contact’ izometrice Iungimes musehiului rama neschimbats. | @popacitierea er 1. Glaucomul determina: (@atrofierea nervului optic panacea conanive uli ‘odifcarea cul yond Oelande 1 atentle, aftrmagitle urmitoare, Daca apres pil eel corespunsitoare arma, era A, Dae aprec le dren fel corespuncttoure aft 7AVION IS RIVA TOZAY Fo WAVE 66 ( a 18 doroig wp qunagore preworfoury #§ gremionns vayeyun guurzaxdas jnwueystsoog |v ‘jon lojrgeén ynzeo uy ynyruqityss vazauriuaur yued ose npow yam oye 1S auzapxa (eypoun aye yamons wad Os ‘bao vansongs vouwsqua preuuyye tsnlunue ap ajdwaxo runed | 9 “ylgpem w PUDIRT ap sojijmar eanmjaadsar wanuexaid op Pou Hy “acounp souesayiuea ‘suaysai909 “¥zn1e9 no | 4 zt syhuniao ap njduaane = | p Loo1vosov [9] Tewozoqgu NAW Ise OP NAV | & smyjoud —euyea— eas _| BOIS FF sursay season op reyes oBtE 9p ea uzasdas 9 ely 1 005 TaUETS HOOF = LED WA+A0=1d- WS 1= £005 = YA EXOA=UA TH 000 Z=000 Z- 000 # = WA. A+ YHA +9A=A9-| a] -quoveatdsou sojeze8 irodsuen wy jor oe ® rexvoanen jw aypaIod0U $0 Un ass [NOONE aE a ‘SapOx agquojo| aunjrosnun ome Ac | dot 28 oy spngano wasaisax ‘orfereyporidnd = por ‘eproaa :tungiow op nydox ~ -yesoUTua 9 ppuisojoy ‘azeusnuyed-foy mp yeuoy "1u9300 }¥9) UN “DOS fequay pupzyyn euy}uos oxesoy nauod enop oy “oamPUKE Laniunus Tujed YiRAISUOD (2 i ‘uorequioa 2p nes auonaid ap pout un “oresop ue © ‘¥zne9 0 “iJoq vanumuap :pugztoaid ansnoe mmniorzt 16 sopeyo2qsed vounrgdop rund yt "BUp LNA ap euaIe UY ‘ojouyoud we feynatioyo ao ad gloua0 gye ono RuD|goAd Bse290 “yi eww wom “ouunoyap 38 ws uDan9 9p aise jonprzas jnumnjon “98 {WOTactorh ~ ses noficnl specifice acestel teme: evosisteme, incoducerea de speci ie, urbanizarea si indi Testul ar 6 it. de nto) puncte oe i spopite tibere din aftrmayin us ie timp ferestri ove. B 6 punete Nu-nif doud regiunt ale membrelor inferioare; precteapi denumiren unul os pentru Secare regiine. 7 c 10 punete Alezeq litera corespunzatoare rispunsulul corect. Este corectt 0 singuré varianta de raspuns. 4) bipotiroidismml rare ings rete ene @ corpaseut ©) buh 10 pun cu ate ate, aftrmatile urmitoare. Dac apreciated affranapa este aevirata, 5 Aireptul cifre! carespuncitoare afirmatie, thera A, Daed apreciat cf aftrmatia est 100 in drepuil cifrel corespuncdtoare afirmayie,ttera F si modifica par ‘ca aceasta sd devind alevaratd. Nu se accepts folostrea negatiet ai de hipofic posteioart se numege glandulopi. 2 Cintin se manifests der drone A B © moleculd de ADN bicatenar confine 1200 le nucleotide, dintre cure 300 contin ‘adeninis Stabil urmitourele: 2 Reproducerea este 0 proprietate fundame artieiparen a doi indivi de sex difert. 8) Enumerafi doud glandele anexe ale sistemului reprodu totfor spund 91 wodun@ roid) srg mo testa eqessuen (Pp () atiduosuen (¥@) ap © mad eanenyest 25 ray vhs 'p owe peut) Supe itp @ wpe 2@ "aod op 2am mun ime muxom@ — tnuosnsmsG ——rucsossBoud > sop G . s9}suja10dG) soja @ 3918 aon romps wy 54D "P)es998 pmynoys24. 2 sopzisgounae aysoiip v20a2ys0a0f oN “| ‘sundsps 29 pHuvIEDs panduys 0 pyve409 916] 390109 mmnsundsps asvoserudsos02 wua (o9OIV ayoand of 2 ‘pdms aun uaad todma pop 2yga w wasramuop ‘pocsraud ‘osoinosmu vdmd pnop shun, opouad 9 ua soma sa Seermor md pet eR aif ps visna0 wgoig jafiso “ssvorpuin oplouunfo wp 2109 ayyinds poraqdwio aiaund p TORE ‘pout vo #6 souodsuesn ap jor no py aT Tai tunsindiy ipsa i yndon wo 1 9p Soa.9u xn ap BLL g fe sung 2p 9180) TREY jue yrynfsou w azaidoo 9p wop09 002 = £ 009 5 7 a © Sais UOTE aE | due t :30 yum eouunuap / tutuag 2]2peu08 eu j elugos HEROS jungiow ap ayduaxe | Typ ‘sjaenc ‘suiaim aqeyte® ojgue8:0 sown, 1918208 | “eaunnnfsoiponpoados pmuayys | “uaquaisapiearazardonndasentuos spayear grog [a TFlozaTeURT doe AUVLON 1S BAVATOZAY Sq Wa Agu nypoute> (6 s0wodsuen 9p ou no pon un paises "resaH mmAzroeonsiste jutoru) acestora, un text coerent, forma le enumerate, BAREM DE REZOLVARE SI NOTARE, SUBIECT? fe x 4p b) © femeie are 30 de lo la vista de 13 ani sila Hecureciclu s-a maturizat un singur ovul. tabi ‘uimatoarcle: care ai propus-2, Subiees Lee (30 panete 14 puncte © cauza, 0 manifestare, i irmative, cite dous p ‘acest seop, 16 puncte re sau lif ne penny secrets hormoni care su bormoni secretati de panereasul ‘i hormoni, ») Precizayy dour :sanifesta ©) Aleatuiji un miniesew notiuni specifice acestei teme, in acest scop, enumeratisase ea 6p lop 30p Humerus, femur Fractura 0 cauzs: traumatiot | junio eeeyy niped-fon wip yeMuny “wwo1903 xo un “BiOWseae UDINE nD -vioMs 2p gmp us rapmusp Inoys's 16 pszopus jmuayss uns 2p 2jouvto ua pumoudy ‘op and ot ompunf wosvofocyrd — prxompoutos vororpuns 2uowodiuon -sopponpoudes pmurosys ‘pamnutiuoa ojarvorgaum e axeorayar ujesuiojur ‘loos s99¥ Uy “isoqO anapE 3 2jenxos o[ppuU iwunod (t “puauen jopseds asomyadiad pansso ywonxos vaxsonpusdoy co-sndoud ie ae fd wince sreajozoy ton seynasioy o asvo ad wluio9 ye on “gf | ap ew.a}gou :wopnadijod waco w luszaid yjapowiue ap mur (0 oraido> Na ep Jousyea guewiauajduroo Ncfy 3p BuEIRD UIp Jo|uoPoD eoumsasans "UNM #808 od widoo 1603 B ase9 NAY 2p es - IDS ¥VADDAVAD. MgC” Ep Nuepe> ap tinoyipe> ‘PrseEMpUD 2p sumsaz0NS 0 240 poypydad)jod pij09 (9 spurd zt a ar ad ‘o-sndoud ‘Derpaea yegap jpmeoxguum yHoenuos 1 op ORIpHED wuoso— No SeIPRD njoto un yauIZaAd gueossad o‘smedas op ot jonutfo vo jooude vo0g “y wiony ‘ot spo a2 miimuarfo 09 Houde voug sanonpH ( —atsigns inugsoxe (= 1 ayovfanud 2p day e soda’ up o8ups apunaas 9 (P puniaos 2p pyunpivs pandas 0 proos09 2153 132409 ymnstindsps auponrzundso40 around 91 -mnopoduysosnd y 10 129)o un 21y9 “uoits0 axvo0yf narod ‘zqso4d ‘oucon owwu0 pmop pian around 9 pins ty pawosgysop a5 16 Ju un pazsu wo ase eeysuNLL anf 0s vyso200 ppouy fps ‘2avozpuuan vplournpo tap a10qy apsivds pi rasody puIMUD}Sp S2yody fopuEy ‘UMD JO[=peLOS ayyloury gr~A|ONIUeD 1 luoWLoy op exfaio05 1S ean 09 20]9pun = euydono2mi09 “py azo] oxz9p “varoyfous wzvaqmuus ~ euydori: punsos ¢'0 (q apunsas ‘yavasnp sous my rioou vaxpsopofpydav00 25 my “preapsopo ymsap 1s wssvaon vs nipuod nh anf popiand iooyfpora yf 2s0ny ‘aniouusyfo sunoygzumdsodoD 2449 pmsdoay my in: !¥snpou poqusd f pore eumyjonzop — ul (q_ ——_ymyruaponp (2 ‘unde iodonyBAREM DE REZOLVARE $1 NOTARE ~exemplu de nofiunl polipeptidic, cteplasma. ~ inimt -eardiomoderafie; + stomac - cresterea tons ‘si encefal n 30p ates, contractnaten x freovente cardiac min se consumna 250 ml O; ne arterial, puls arte ‘Tensiune arteriala - reprezints forta exercitats de cktre coloana de ra pereilor vaselor de singe prin care circu. | Pulsul arterial - este rezultatul undei determinats de | ome, ca urmare a_evacusrii bruste a sin a _|- TGCATACCATTG. peretilor 1 emencceerpcimnnenenreneensinweed TATGGTAAC, =4 aminoacizi | ~exemplu de cering Stabilti suecesiunea codonilor din catena de ARNm care copiaza eatena de ADN stabi la puncra b = EGCAUACCAUUG. save notiuni specifice acest neveax, efector, influx nervos. de conducere, sigoar8 activitatea prin acte reflex: cenusie din segmente diferite ale 108 raspuns a organistiului la acyiunea uri inten ssupra umui-receptor. tia de conducere presupune tr x0 ele amitolitice degradeazi: dele a) este atagata di 6) reprezint® ms 3. Este boat virala: 4. Aparin scheletului antebral )cubitus $i fibula b) radius sieisi - SH |OINEAIA TPP uouolujnd seauB- BU 9p {muy — “HMTopge "yo}seIoT TURTON ap nyduaxs ~ sn pnand 029 sjoiogros09 v yamnpossaosoqsi 2 brand 91 uum wy voce apupan wpad psofuoua as 2109 s2yfodyy 1opunp3 92g snound zp Haus anor Yon Hees 02s od plus mye oro usgoxd wseace Heide seuodsuesy 28UBs 29 ‘auo,no areuszeidos soqumanas woop - ‘yuiayos uy mozoidas jnso00ud - :2jarvorguat mas dor Ww % 4 drayida-ozagep Howe 9p nieuwe utd pzeaziqeer 35 J0[ase0 auuSuny uy waIa83I> ype1ed 21 sas 8 ojnse09 "meaqoLion wu i P} al doe 2 u a "HU an e810 “ungnsal ‘oreo | op aun apaSups area ud jnsea puurzauds wuaA, . 099 “unysal ‘ue8s0 ango pun ef op einouo ofeSups ame util josea ywrzaadol wiauy un ‘Bio :yrumiou ihuwog] 9 TORIES BD PGP ta ays a v 4 a oT TOUSUO eaenIgEATT |e abe Fuso yu sojepla nse ve BUN GAP 4 "eaye Completa spate bere din aftrmata urmitoare stl incat aceasta si fle corecta, ‘Transcript este o eta fn Site 28 nnn Care Se desfg0ar8 celle, B 6 puncte ‘Numi do ogame interne octet avant rete pen fecare organ ite un rol orgeniom. é 10 pane eget corespuncioare ispusul core Ete coreco singed variant ve spans 1. Intra in sledtuirea centuril pelviene: 8) coxalu! ) femur )humerusul 6) omoplatul ©) pesticide &) zgomote ©) pectoralul ) wapezut 10 puncte 2, uPlematiile urmatoare, Dac apreciai cd afirmatia este adevarati,scrieti in 30 de puncte) ©) Compl Be care ai pro 18 punctesu Lunjelet sp ajand 1S NAV 9p euoejou tap owioze sojozeg ap a = Baisaoe snusp 099 421 ‘eprosjanu op ogo¢ ausueo NAY 9p ¥ @ “atotzeano 2 2oreuoud fa23 sr-sCHY ture sooo oa eofousodd arsine el gop o> iposouod ameuowindl gary +g F tp mueaup wpe wieuujun a0 ne ater segundo | | ay deta op NUY seus UY B SIBUUUEOP O YutZouda BZO;ID 1 ‘sogioads sojaurajoud wzoruys rou wousoqef padason a8 my “vroseK2p pineap Ys DpsUI00 Ho mayo cuyfo ydaod gooxfipow 8 y wiry ‘exiorutfo axvonpzundsod0> jaufo pmidoup ty fogs ‘spo! 2189 moustfo po yiqoade Bo0cy “y won| opimuunfo axvonr2Undso4od foufo mdeuy ‘oymancopy 2959 mhwuaayfo po yngzeudo govg xvenquusn apouutfo ‘2piuar m9 hn a ssuRA 9p NIV (@ jeworOqU NAV (q___ soBESSUE NY (e ap jomuatauda4 3189 jownsaaysogys Yo apoUeS pmmysoHyy “6 noofonu 0 eoneepionuy~ sxemuaw{dwio> aueTe9 - | | cael uttr snes = POWTTEWOOWNE wiSUNT © sngeuooitea varmsoputa (9 - uftuog Joyoury vasesuey muraudes vzopsorayy > sorejnaut (p soasoa (9 ansotip (@ oja10x9 (@ ator ap spagsysasoyas ap sompboun wastes 9 pdiopang “¢ 1] sees 19 uss me (p mojanu no wrepo soy as ‘eieazy ces wiejnauo yusioy ne (@ me aul | uns(2 | md Weupsong mors (p ———oynse8 pons (2 ayesound ro s2opyooy8 aureus augluos my “7 ssundope op au 28 9p wat turjon ‘rump nBues 0 pr2e109 a8 Yo0400 pmnsundsps a1vaypaumdsous eueMy HoS2py syewon aide o-sund , 2}ound of 5 “npapsa0u jasSvouns ohuoysoduy ‘pporeu auroaIf | raed ‘hapsead oma mopsousep moamgns My asqofaporua pnop Huey, syound 9 a | juu3s9 ap nydturaxa 18 "Bouodui prop mused sonsou joy luo 2p P| a ruor}oury asepan ap sound u | euoroury asepan ap round wig | aarp a BS wisrer— RoW se ‘eoorpwun mow up aq aypods apund » yo puma oT TISaTTIS Trem,necesivtea unei temperaturi mai ridicate la denaturarea unei molecule de ADN care ©) Completai aceasts problema cu o alt ceri’ pe care o formula citozina pe :are efi props. ©) Aleatui Senctiilor coreet gi i; rezolvayi ceringa 12 puncte Alexan.ia, ia vist de 40 ani, se precintd la medic, acuzind tremurdturi ate mainilor, lizetori segmental central al unalizatorulul cutanat noes Sep, enumerate noun spect scat! ee le enumerate. BAREM DE REZOLVARE $1 NOTARE de 14 puncte carina pe 16 puncte ‘mare asigurd transportul nusrimentelor $i a oxigenulut necesar tuturor 1 acestora, un text coerent, format din tei-patra fraze, folosind SUBIECTT ITEM | Sexempla de 4p B. | Beak metode foloste i wablizea diagno Sp] - woe gmeaoee pseu) -umteg 1 30p ¢ lop D top ‘Avtiele pulmonare porese dn ventiaulal drept [TIE Teele aout ctape ale simersi_protcinelor: tansctipia” gi tans, Prin 16 a 30p ‘wanseripjie se Tormeazt ARN= 3 000 -( 600+ 600) = 1800 nucleotide e: guanina si 1800 :2= 900 nucle le de unire ale bazelor azotate din m de legituri care se st re avestea; le bazelor azotate din molecula de ADN sunt: A =; duble de hidrogen ; C~G, leat ‘Patru exemple de ena = In pete se gasese recepto ‘Segmentul peri etabolism, be 5 ‘irculatit pornes lat Interrelutia dintre clreulutie sie ete tn realizarea | Fanci de nutri” NE Seale =‘ome; ned: osoanus “doos wsa9e up, ‘sojade w asez Soto Lagnjod ayo a1zya gop w x inngod wounsion gus onnorqn nos apund of own pnrmpe}2428 990 pamoy - {00500 atofs49 2p pany = muugo apart 20a een ge nen pony amuhoeak000 utd mop eres a]e1q 0% fou tones aed 61 meson, Sano 199 eauuamusp vz | nap x ‘reUs2e mune wanes ie oud py ‘o-sndou "9 46} ap uwiojgoud "4904 DUP ONEIDA Hg sp soresdsujacnngoa na jeda MEMO py ‘pha ‘Ha eu UO RnOp 2p 218 Basoza1 ap some o-ndoud ge ao 9 no kuayqasd wiseaoe weraidwos (2 uo> eal ne spoon “Beso swan me oy "e epnvofen op uzun - yarn eno sus ap uss nua 2 NG ap sue on (4 DAY 1 IN-NaY aun os2qIqEs fh np ag sa JOSH NY op IEUEes ane “smicapee ap apr ooo aie ant ‘sue oque a tea ayound gy BRUNT oparau a ppsoyor pnraguip Day a f sSesou me, sundnsacd soSesowosd vias ig, “waugyquuese i6-"~"-woseuyu af ws mysvo00 ypom anand y y= Denumires @ 3 oase ale viceroeranalal pi Fogiund aie coat vertebr * * " Sense = 2igomatice, catent: 16¢0 ; 2= 800 nvcl |__| ARN m are 800 nucleotide care contin riboza. «| Numitiipul de acid nucleic care trasports aminogcizii activa Ta Fbozom ‘Acid nucle care trasportt aminoaciziiactivati le ribozomi este ARN de transport. 1 [= GPT = 4000 ml B YR = * 4000 = 1000 mt cPr=cveVR cV=cPT-VR |_| cv= 4000 - 1000 = 3000ra! 1 [VER =2VC VIR = VER =2VC CV =VCHVERHVIR cev=vewverve cv = svc _| WC = Cv/s 3000/5 = 600 mi) [7 ]=DV= vexrc |_| py = 690016 = 9600 mimin= 9,6 Yimin T) -exemplu de eerings: ‘Numiti dout forme de transport ale dioxidului de carbon in singe: -bicarbonati si carbohemoglobins, i {| Oasele—componentele statice ale sistemului locomotor 30p -Argumentarea afi Tocomotor este format din 1 fiermai osos, componenta pasiva a migcarli gi sistemul muscu comporenta activi, care asigurd deplasarea oaselor prin intermedi cont-acjilor. 120 ‘Testul or 13 4 puncie Completa spatite ibere din afirmaia incl aceasta sé fie erect. Cele dout categori de acu mtificile sunt B Numifl doua proces care contribuie la formarea urine: preciza, dite un rol in procesul de exeretie, 2 7 c Alege tera corespuncitoarerispunsului coret. Ese corect 0 shugund var raspuns 6 puncte entra fiecure proces, Wp 1, Au rol in imunitotea organismului: maE aise ezouusd Iqas0—aq = buuend 16 euuspe ‘aowuund ayyoze afezeg :areuRWoSY ~ aecjind oWe0ze 9G = |e “a (Loan SUAS RT wy eT ‘susSournne gye 98 inewoy od (jn) RULABuES ve vo ouwosiod foun aja8ugs tp ojouru AAT a eae a wun wai - Depa neuonuoy | 2 spa v THREES 2359 | pre odes 0] zaveoqe, ‘euluomopoyta 1 eurxoun suns zor 4 waa q Sz1jous80o118 yenaymuuys ‘aaRoqe9 JoqJ9 ne *etatajorasa}09 pevg - |e i “FizNor ATEN ood AE ae "Eee BUT RTOS soumoaye conpoud os mnuryesus ytuaredsuen wanpiord wid tt | dota 35 ap | ae [pe ‘SIMTUjOD HES ATONIGES Fu w aE eroeseo nave viequazaig (@ — ‘partonoyg sqpouyss manne asp 8 29 oun sentio puma omoud abt on ‘NAY mlvondoy - uluoo ysuBorguum v{axe011:9304 tfeutzogu loos Fequit pugzygn ‘nurjuoa axeoay nated poop sip 08 NeW ap andy - ap ayosou ayy 16 23up aypund zy mymuspuoiiss v2soyost msdro o-atuy yma 0 pavopsoiuo Duo? us gwozye20] euloopua Ypurfy 0 289 vpyosLL aypund gt v DPINT Sp OT SPITE TDATTS snosano ‘armyonzap if aan8519 es 0 ne ayezdon 94 1a paqaos‘pyoapaopo 2989 vpouayfo yo Hopsesdy yoo 2avoypuan apyouatfe 9) ‘ayound oF 213 wyso}of pporoua 02989 w2moz0yMUY'E quan (q