J The Enslish Verb Tenses (1) 1. Elif's Dream is About to Come True Read the passage below, and then try to guess the meanings of the words in bold type without using a dictionary. Itis the beginning of June and Elif is busy making plans QOD for the summer. She has been studying very hard at, university this year and is looking forward to spending S| SND [GNA some time in London during her summer break. It has SE been agreed that she will stay with her friend Emily, who ) lives on the outskirts of London and who stayed with Elif 20l2 last year as part of a student exchange programme. Elif has been to London before with her parents. This summer, however, will be a unique experience as she will be visiting the city when it is hosting the Olympic Games. She has spent the last few weeks getting her passport and visa ready and chatting to Emily about their plans for London. They are trying to get tickets to watch Usain Bolt run in the athletics. She has seen him on TV many times, but it will much more memorable this way, watching him in the stadium. She can hardly wait! Emily has also waned her about the rain in England, but they are not going to let that spoil their fun. They are planning on riding on the London Eye — something Elif missed out on doing last time because it was undergoing repairs. Emily's family has also invited her to see one of the famous musicals in the West End. However, the only thing that Elif can think about is that moment when she will eventually get to see her hero, Usain Bolt, run the 100m race! 1. looking forward to. 5. memorable i i B) plain A) regarding B) anticipating A) famous C) disbelieving D) appreciating C) unimpressive _D) unforgettable 5 instr 6. missed out on doing A) was able to A) edge B) downtown B) misunderstood C)vilage D) space C) wouldn't like to D) didn’t manage to 3. hosting 7. undergoing A) accommodating B) challenging : A) retreating B) agreeing Staging D) supporting €) experiencing _D) disbelieving eeecoeuing, 8. eventually A) observing B) explaining A) gradually B) finally CC) talking D) obtaining C) unlikely D) independently English Language Sucies_ ERP —— == * °° ° ° ° ° ° &oe ‘Complete the following dialogue choosing the correct answer given below. Elif is calling her friend Emily to discuss her trip to London. Emily: Hello. Elif: Hi there, it's me. How (1)... Since we last (2).....? | (3)... on Friday. I'm so excited! (4)..... YOU ..... to get any tickets for the 100m race yet? Emily: Not yet. It (5)..... hard so far, but don't worry. | (6)... tickets online right now. Elif: What (7) eens? . of watching this race live for the last four years. Emily: Either way | am sure we'll have a great time in London. Elif: What's it like in London at the moment? Emily: It's great! There are lots of people from all over the world. And they (9)...... @ huge screen in Hyde Park already, where everybody can watch the games live while they (10)......a picnic on the grass! Elif: Awesome! | also really want to go to the stadium where the Opening Ceremony (1) ne last week. Emily: (12)eooee YOU enue it On TV? Elif: Yes, but only half of it. 1 (13 suddenly. Emily: That's a shame! Sorry, my m e-mail you about the tickets. Elif: ‘OK then, thanks. Speak soon. 1. A) were you B) are you 9. A) were putting up C)have you been D) are you being B) will put up C) have been putting up 2. A) speak D) have put up B) were speaking C) spoke 10. A) are having D) have been speaking 3. A) am arriving B) was arriving ©) arrive D) have been arriving 4, A) Have you been managing B) Have you managed €) Do you manage D) Are you managing 5. A)is being B) was Chis D) has been 6. A) am looking for B) was looking for C) have been looking for D) look for 7. A) were we going to do B) are we going to do C) have we been doing D) are we doing 8. A) dream B) was dreaming C) have been dreaming D) am dreaming ED ereer ianguage stacies B) have been having ) were having D) have 11. A) was taking place B) took place C) has taken place D) is taking piace 12. A) Are...watching B) Did... watch ) Have...been watching D) Do...watch 13. A) was watching B) have watched C) have been watching D) am watching 14, A) was crashing B) is crashing €) crashed D) has crashed 15. A) was ringing B) rang C) rings D) is ringing ee{c] Complete the following e-mail choosing the correct answer given below. ‘A) has not been C) was not D) will not be 2. A) have not been writing B) am not writing C) was not writing D) do not write. 3. A) was managing B) manage C) have managed D) have been managing 4. A)was B) has been C)is D) will be 5. A) Have...been watching B) Are...watching C) Were....watching D) Do...watch EN ——————————————————— 6. A) have competed B) am competing C) was competing D) compete B) have...been buying C) do...buy D) have...bought 8. A) will be B)is C) was D) has been 9, A) change B) have changed C) were changing D) changed 10. A) sold out B) sell out C) are selling out D) have sold out English Language Studies EHoe 2. History of the Olympic Games Read the following passage and choose the correct answer according to the passage. The ancient Olympic Games were a religious and athletic festival held every four years at the sanctuary of Zeus in ‘Olympia, Greece, by representatives of several city-states and kingdoms of ancient Greece. These games featured mainly athletics but also combat and chariot racing events. During the games, all conflicts among the participating city-states were postponed until the games were over. The origin of these Olympics is covered in mystery and legend. One of the most well-known is that it was the hero Heracles who first called the Games "Olympic" and established the custom of holding them every four years. ‘The most widely accepted starting date for the ancient Olympics is 776 BC; this is based on inscriptions, found at Olympia, listing the winners of a race held every four years starting in 776 BC. The Ancient Games featured running events, a pentathlon (consisting of a jumping event, discus and javelin throws, a foot race, and wrestling), boxing, wrestling, and equestrian events. The Olympic Games reached great popularity in the 6th and Sth centuries BC, but then gradually declined in importance as the Romans gained power and influence in Greece. 1. According to the passage, the ancient | 3. We understand from the passage that Olympic Games .. ‘A) were not popular B) were only for the citizens of Olympos C) featured water sports D) originated before the Greek times E) were connected with religious beliefs 2. We can infer from the passage that A) women and slaves could not take part in the Games B) there was no writing system in ancient Greece C) the participants were competing only in ‘one sport D) the sports were not popular in Greece E) the origin of the Olympics is not well documented ED ircier ingnge sues the Olympic Games eventually .. ‘A) were held every year B) continued until the modem times C) lost popularity because of the historical changes D) lost the original sports E) became a smaller event 4. Itis implied in the passage that, during the Olympic Games, ...... until the end of the event. A) there was peace held between all the participants B) people were not allowed to travel C) conflicts between the city-states were ‘common D) sportsmen could not leave the city E) money was not usedce ‘Try to guess the meanings of the following words from the passage without using a dictionary. 1. sanctuary 7. were over ; ‘A) playground B) temple A) finished B) explained €) square D) port ©) initiated D) undermined 2. representatives 8. established A) visitors B) delegates A) destroyed B) set up C) musicians D) rulers €) took off D) attached 3. featured : 9. inscriptions A) permitted B) ignored A) decisions B) paintings C) presented D) awarded ©) engravings D) expectations 4.events 10. consisting of A) competitions B) break-ups ‘A) being made up of — B) being relaxed €) exhibitions D) illusions C) looking forward to D) getting out of 5. conflicts 11. declined A) realities B) accidents A) rotated B) increased €) agreements D) battles, C) blossomed D) lessened 6. postponed 12. gained ‘A) delayed B) continued A) originated B) wasted C) attended D) disregarded €) acquired D) reversed {e] Circle the choice which has the same meaning as the given sentence. 4. These games featured mainly athletics but also combat and chariot racing events. A) Not only athletics but also combat and racing events were widely represented in these games. B) In addition to others, these games mainly represented athletics, and combat and racing events. ©) Combat and chariot racing events were also included in these games, though they were essentially made up of athletics. 2. The origin of the Olympics is covered in mystery and legend. A) The start of the Olympics helped to get rid of mysterious and legendary stories. B) How the Olympics started is explained through mystery and legend. C) The events in the Olympics led to many mysterious and legendary stories. 3. The Olympic Games reached great popularity in the 6th and 5th centuries BC, but then gradually declined in importance. A) In the 6th and 5th centuries BC, the Olympic Games became very popular, and then they slowly became less significant. B) Until the 6th and 5th centuries BC, the Olympic Games were losing popularity, but then, they slowly became popular again. C) While they had lost some significance by the 6th and Sth centuries BC, the Olympic Games became popular again afterwards. Engish Language tutes A RnSlee 3. The Revival of the Olympic Games Read the following passage and choose the correct answer according to the passage. After 1500 years with no Olympics, the modern Olympic Games were established. A Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, began their revival and founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894. Though the idea of bringing back the Olympics had existed for many years, it took the courage and vision of one person to fulfill that dream. Pierre de Coubertin was met with a lot of resistance when he first put forward the idea of reviving the Games in the late 1880s.The modern Olympic Games are a major international event featuring summer and winter sports in which thousands of athletes participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered to be the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Games are currently held biennially with Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating, meaning they each occur every four years. The Games have grown in scale to the point that nearly every nation is represented, though such growth has not been without its challenges, including boycotts, doping, bribery and terrorism. Every two years, the Olympics and its media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance fo attain national, and sometimes, international fame. Alongside the unique opportunities for athletes, the Games also constitute a major chance for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world. 1. According to the passage, A) the Olympic Games give a chance both to sportsmen and host cities to ‘show their best B) there is fierce competition between countries to host the Olympic Games C) the host cities are chosen by Pierre de Coubertin D) host cities have often benefitted economically as a result of the games E) the games are known by their host city and not the country 2. We can conclude from the passage that A) Coubertin was one of the first athletes to compete in the modern Olympics. B) the International Olympic Committee was initially unpopular €) the modem Olympic Games owe their revival to Pierre de Coubertin D) the International Olympic Committee did not wish to cooperate with Pierre de Coubertin E) the International Olympic Committee appointed Pierre de Coubertin © reis. ngage suctes_ . It is stated in the passage that 3. We learn from the passage that, due to their growth, A) many cities have been unable to host the Olympic Games B) there are some problematic issues connected to the Games C) the Olympic Games have become economically inefficient D) the Olympic Games have had to create more sporting events E) sportsmen suffer accommodation problems A) the dates of the Olympic Games change all the time B) the Winter and the Summer Olympic Games happen in the same year C) the Summer Olympic Games are more popular than the Winter Games D) the Winter Olympic Games are held every two years E) the Winter Olympic Games happen once every four years >=e Try to guess the meanings of the following words from the passage without using a dictionary. 1. revival 7. occur A) connection B) destruction A) happen B) repeat C) announcement —_D) rebirth C) allow D) discontinue 2. to fulfill 8. inscale A) to frustrate B) to fail A) in extent B) unexpectedly C) to accomplish _D) to astonish €) in return D) repeatedly 3. resistance 9. nearly ‘A) support B) intention A) rarely B) definitely €) opposition D) rescue €) almost D) boldly 4, foremost 10. exposure A) inferior B) leading A) posture B) amazement €) obscure D) abundant €) recovery D) display 5. biennially 11. attain A) every two years B) annually A) fail B) achieve C) twice a year D) fortnightly €) regain D) ban 6. alternating 12. showcase A) originating B) continuing A) encounter B) conceal C) recreating D) interchanging €) exhibit D) establish [¢] Circle the choice which has the same meaning as the given sentence. 1. Pierre de Coubertin was met with a lot of resistance when he first put forward the idea of reviving the Games in the late 1880s. A) Pierre de Coubertin received much support when he tried to revive the Olympic Games in the late 1880s B) The idea of bringing back the Olympic Games, which was suggested by Pierre de Coubertin in the late 1880s, was initially not popular. C) Pierre de Coubertin was met with a lot of resistance when he invented the Olympic Games in the late 1880s. 2. The Games have grown in scale to the point that nearly every nation is represented. ‘A) The rapid growth of the Games has meant that every nation wants to participate. B) The Games have now become so big that almost all nations take part in them. C) The number of nations participating in the Games has only increased in recent years. 3. Alongside the unique opportunities for athletes, the Games also constitute a major chance for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world. A) The Olympic Games present the host city and country as well as the athletes with rare opportunities to be famous all over the world. B) Athletes use every opportunity to compete hard at the Olympic Games, while the host city and country show off to the world. C) Athletes and the host city and country work side by side to use every opportunity for success at the Olympic Games. Englsh Language Stucies_ EP —_—ee Complete the missing sentences in the dialogues by choosing from the choices given below. |. Elif: — Where are we sitting? Emily: = According to our tickets, we are in row Z. We must be right at the back. Elif. Emily: - That's true. | can’t believe how lucky we are. A) Next time, I'll buy the tickets myself. B) Well, | wish we had better seats. C) | bet the tickets were really expensive. D) In this case, we won't be able to see anything, E) It doesn’t matter. At least we've got tickets . Emily: ~ What are you looking for? Elif. = Oh, no! I've just remembered that | forgot to bring my camera! Emily: Elit: = The quality is not as good, though. A) Never mind. | can take some pictures on my mobile phone. B) That's terrible! How did you manage to do that? C) You know, you should always keep your camera in your bag. D) Don't worry. We can borrow a camera from someone else. E) That's a pity. What are we going to do? LP engisn Language stucies 3. Reporter: = What did you enjoy most about today? Emily: —| thought that the atmosphere in the stadium was great. It was buzzing. Reporter: Emily: = Definitely. Being at home doesn't give you the same experience. A) Are you glad you watched it live rather than on TV? B) How did you manage to get tickets? €C) Are you glad you went with a friend? D) How is it different to watching it on TV? E) Would you rather have watched it at home? |. Elif: = The race was really great, wasn't it? What do you fancy doing now? Emily: = Yes, the best. We could go for a coffee? | know a nice little café nearby. Elif: Emily: ~ Of course. Why don't we go to a shopping centre? We can do both things there. A) I'm feeling really tired, so may be another time. B) OK, let's go there. | fancy a cold drink right now. ) Sounds good, but can we do a bit of shopping first? D) Cafés around here are probably very expensive. E) I'd rather go home and have some rest. —Ba ELS-LYS Complete the missing sentences in the passages by choosing from the choices given below. 4. The Olympic symbol, better known as the Olympic rings, consists of five interlocked rings and represents the unity of the five inhabited continents — Afric America, Asia, Australia and Europe. colours were chosen ion had at least ‘one of them on its national flag. The flag was created in 4914, but only flown for the first time at the 1920 Summer Olympics in pos Belgium. It has since been used during each celebration of the Games. A) The coloured version of the rings over a white background forms the Olympic flag B) The symbol was originally designed by Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modem Olympic Games C) The symbol encourages international unity and harmony D) Itis one of the world’s most recognizable symbols E) itis thought that, originally, the rings were designed to be in one straight line rather than three at the top and two at the bottom The flame is a symbol of the Olympic Games and commemorates the theft of fire from the Greek god Zeus by Prometheus. The fire was reintroduced at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, and it has been part of the modern Olympic Games ever since. The Olympic Torch today is lit several months before the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games at the site of the ancient Olympics in Olympia, Greece. The torch travels from Greece to the host city. This Olympic Torch Relay ends on the day of the opening ceremony in the central stadium of the Games. A) Itis considered a great honour to be part of the Olympic Torch Relay B) Many famous sportsmen have participated in the Olympic Torch Relay, carrying it into the stadium €) The flame is put out on the final day of the Olympic Games ) Its origins lie in ancient Greece, where a fire was kept burning throughout the celebration of the ancient Olympics E) The Olympic Torch was first transported by airplane in 1952 3. The Paralympic Games are a major international multi-sport event where athletes with a physical disability compete. This may include blindness, amputations and cerebral palsy. The Paralympics have grown from a small gathering of British World War Il veterans to become one of the largest international sport events by the early 21st century. Paralympians aim for equal treatment with non-disabled Olympic athletes, but there is a large funding gap between Olympic and Paralympic athletes. A) Such athletes are called Paralympians. B) The British War Veterans called the first Paralympic Games the International Wheelchair Games C) These, as well as many other disabilities, are classed into six different categories D) They began in 1948 E) However, the Games are continuing successfully and now include most Olympic sports Engish Language Sues OP iedxe |. The Olympic medals are designed especially for each individual Olympic Games by the host city's organizing committee. Furthermore, the gold and silver Olympic medals must be made out of 92.5 percent silver, with the gold medal covered in six grams of gold. The last Olympic gold medals that were made entirely out of gold were awarded in 1912. A) The first athlete to win a gold medal in the London 2012 Olympic Games was Chinese shooter Yi Siling B) Each medal must be at least three millimeters thick and 60 millimeters in diameter ) No other fully gold Olympic medals have been made since then D) In the 2012 Olympic Games, the United States of America received the most gold medals E) The medals for the Winter Olympic Games often feature snowflakes . - It was first held in Singapore in 2010. Similar to the main Olympics, the Youth Games take place every four years and include summer and winter events and most of the same sports as the main Games with some variations. The purpose of the Youth Games is to give athletes between the ages of 14 and 18 the chance to compete. The Game: feature cultural exchange programmes and opportunities for participants to meet Olympic athletes. A) Over 3,600 athletes participated in the 2010 Youth Summer Olympics B) The next event will be held in Nanjing in 2014 C) One of the reasons the event began was because there were concems over the increasing levels of obesity in children D) The Youth Olympic Games is a relatively new event E) Many children go on to represent their country in the main Olympic Games when they are older . The idea of building an Olympic Village for a comes from Pierre de Coubertin. Up until the 1924 Summer Olympic Games, National Olympic Committees rented locations around the host city to house participants. For the 1924 Summer Olympics, the organizers built cabins near the main stadium to allow the athletes to easily access the Games’ venue: This consists of a group of buildings with bedrooms, cafés, restaurants and other useful faci A) The Olympic Village usually contains sports facilities such as gyms and swimming pools that the athletes use to do exercise B) The athletes need a place where they'll stay and relax while they are waiting C) Since then, Olympic villages have been following a similar design D) Renting locations in this way was expensive E) In the 2012 Olympic Village, musicians came and performed to the athletes DD rgtsn tanguage Suc——_. $$a. 42. 43. 45. |. Isn't it strange that you [oo 46. As my son ....... down by the river, | . his room thoroughly. ‘A) was fishing / cleaned B) is fishing / cleaned C) has fished / clean D) fished / have been cleaning E) fishes / have cleaned This time last year, his business reasonable profit, but now, becau: bad management, he ....... to keep it going. of A) has made / has struggled B) made / was struggling C) make / has been struggling D) has been making / struggles E) was making / is struggling The last time we .. for a new house. them, they A) have met / looked B) were meeting / have been looking C) have been meeting / look D) met / were looking E) meet / are looking for Mark's surprise party all week, but you him a birthday present yet? A) are preparing / didn't buy B) have been preparing / haven't bought C) prepared / don't buy D) have prepared / aren't buying E) prepare / weren't buying ‘While my parents centre, a thief radio. . in the shopping into their car for the ‘A) shopped / has broken B) were shopping / broke C) have shopped / breaks D) are shopping / was breaking E) shop / is breaking 49. . Even though it When we .. wardrobe. her, she ....... in the A) were finding / hides B) find / has hidden C) found / was hiding D) are finding / is hiding E) have found / hid a brace on my teeth as a child, * but I didn't like it. ‘A) was wearing B) am wearing €) have worn D) wore E) have been wearing they ....... hom A) has snowed / were driving B) snows / have been driving ) was snowing / drove D) has been snowing / drive E) snowed / are driving It’s been one week since the floods , but still aid workers ....... people. A) are striking / rescued B) strike / were rescuing C) were striking / have been rescuing D) struck / are rescuing E) have struck / rescue . The whole family was busy. While the children ....... decorations, their father up the Christmas tree. A) are making / is setting B) made / has been setting C) have been making / has set D) have made / set E) were making / was setting English Language Studies ERP ===ie 51. | only ....... the company on Monday for a copy of their magazine and it already. ‘A) was asking / am receiving B) have been asking / was receiving C) ask / receive D) asked / have received E) have asked / have been receiving 52. This perfume ...... like cheap soap and definitely isn't worth this p A) is smelling B) smells C) has been smelling D) was smelling E) smelt 53. As he him. the party, a strange man A) left / has been approaching B) is leaving / has approached C) leaves / was approaching D) has left / approaches E) was leaving / approached . The archeological evidence that people in ancient Crete toilets 4000 years ago. clearly flush A) has shown / use B) is showing / have used C) showed / have been using D) shows / were using E) was showing / are using a new BMW and, ever about it. ‘A) was buying / bragged B) is buying / is bragging C) has bought / brags D) buys / has bragged E) bought / has been bragging ED rsh anguage suctes_ 56. 57. 58. 60. Our company's sales....... since the new management ....... over. A) have been improving / took B) improve / has taken C) improved / has been taking D) are improving / was taking E) were improving / is taking The electricity the film on TV off last night just as . interesting. A) has gone / got B) was going / has got C) went / was getting D) goes / is getting E) is going / has been getting The negotiators ....... to bring the two sides together for months, but so far they A) try / are failing B) are trying / failed C) tried / fail D) have tried / were failing E) have been trying / have failed While 1 ....... some money from a cash machine, a man....... it all out of my hand. ‘A) was withdrawing / snatched B) withdrew / snatches C) am withdrawing / has snatched D) have withdrawn / was snatching E) withdrew / has been snatching She station guard . onto the train because the his whistle. A) has hurried / blows B) hurries / has been blowing C) hurried / was blowing D) was hurrying / has blown E) is hurrying / blows elEe 61. It is becoming more and more difficult to get a good job without speaking a foreign language. A) The best way to get a good job these days is to learn a foreign language. B) It's impossible for anyone to find a good job without speaking a foreign language fluently. €) You could get a much better job than this if you spoke a foreign language. D) Unless you speak a foreign language, it is getting increasingly hard to find a good job. E) More and more businesses nowadays are seeking employees able to speak a foreign language. 62. | have been following the elections in the papers, but not many around me seem to care. A) Though | have been reading the newspapers about the elections, few of those | know appear interested. B) Following the elections, there was a great deal of discussion among the people | know. C) Having evaluated the elections with some friends, | have decided that itis not very interesting. D) None of my friends care about the elections in spite of all the news there has been in the papers. E) Anyone who cares so much about the elections as | do should avidly follow it in the papers. . Despite his unhealthy life style, my father has never been ill. ‘A) My father has always been so healthy because of the way he lives. B) Since he didn't take care of his health, my father's illness was not surprising. C) My father has not suffered any illness although he does not live in a healthy way. 65. D) If my father was more careful of his life style, he would be much healthier. E) The best way for my father to stay healthy would be by leading a healthy life style, . Everyone complains about the economic crisis, yet there has been no decrease in traffic on the roads. A) The economy is now so bad that not as many people are driving their cars as before. B) It is surprising that, in spite of the economic problems, just as many people as ever are driving. ) While people grumble about the state of the economy, there are no fewer cars on the roads. D) The poor state of the economy has yet to drive many people off the roads. E) One of the few benefits of the ‘economic crisis has been the sharp decrease in the amount of traffic. We were looking forward to eating at a fancy restaurant, but the money we had just bought each of us a sandwich. A) Not realising that we had barely enough money to buy just one sandwich, we were looking for a restaurant to have a meal. B) Despite our wish, which was to eat at a fancy restaurant, we all had a sandwich because that was all we could afford. C) We alll wished we had taken more money with us so that we could have eaten at a fancy restaurant rather than have just a sandwich. D) We thought we had enough money to have a meal at a restaurant, but it turned out that we could just eat a sandwich. E) We were looking for a fancy restaurant to eat our meal, but we changed our minds and bought a sandwich for each of us instead. English Language Stucies_ EP EEE=e 66. On the single occasion that they met, they exchanged very few words. A) They decided to meet only when they had to exchange certain things. B) They met only once, and spoke very litle to each other at that time. C) As they talked very little whenever they met, they never really got to know each other. D) When they first met, they were both single and were looking for a partner with whom they could share things. E) Whenever they came together, which was on rare occasions, they hardly spoke more than a few words to each other. 67. After much intricate experimentation and many sleepless nights, the scientist finally discovered a cure for the disease. A) The disease was cured by the scientist after he experimented on the patient leaving him sleepless over a few nights. B) Realising that the disease was not incurable, the scientist began working on an experiment at nights, sacrificing much of his sleep. €) The scientist carried out a lot of complicated work and lost much sleep for days before he finally found a cure for the disease. D) The scientist tried to develop a cure for insomnia, which is chronic sleepless- ness, by refusing to sleep and taking drugs. E) Despite his hard work over sleepless nights and investigation, the scientist realised that the illness was incurable. ED engisn Language stusies_ 68. Throughout the course of history, war has been waged over territory. A) There have always been paid soldiers involved in imperialist wars. B) In a history course, it is possible to learn about the military profession. €) Most universities offer a course in the history of territorial warfare. D) If we look at wars over the years, most battles have been fought on land. E) People have fought battles for land since the beginning of recorded time. 69. Though modern medicine has made many advances, the common cold makes us suffer just as much as ever. A) In spite of the advances of modern medicine, we still suffer in cold weather. B) Modern medicine will probably never come up with a cure for the common cold. C) If we get cold, there is no effective medicine we can take. D) Modern medicine has finally advanced to the point where it has found a cure for the common cold. E) Moder medicine, in spite of its development, has been unable to reduce our sufferings from the common cold. 70. During their argument, she threw all his belongings out of the window. ‘A) While they were arguing, she hurled all his possessions through the window. B) They argued because she had thrown some of his things out of the window. C) If he hadn't made her so mad, she wouldn't have thrown his clothes through the window. D) He wouldn't have been upset with her if she hadn't chucked his belongings out of the window. E) The cause of the argument was her throwing his belongings out of the window. $$er Soe 71. After his father had died, Thomas Mann moved to Munich, a centre of art and literature, where he lived until 1933. A) Babas1 didiikten sonra Thomas Mann, 1933'e kadar yasadigi, bir sanat ve edebiyat merkezi olan Miinih’e tasinmistir. B) 1933'te babasi didiikten sonra Thomas Mann, bir sanat ve edebiyat merkezi olan Miinih'te yasamay! seomistir. €) Thomas Mann, 1933'te babasinin dliimiiyle birlkte, bir sanat ve edebiyat merkezi olan Miinih'ten tasinmistir. D) Thomas Mann, babasi dldiiken sonra Minih’e tasinmis ve 1933'e kadar, buradaki sanat ve edebiyat cevresiyle ig ige yagamistr. E) Bir sanat ve edebiyat adami olan Thomas Mann, babas! didiikten sonra tagindigi Minih’te 1933 yilina kadar kalmistir. 72. George Orwell lived for several years homeless and in poverty, as he told in Down and Out in Paris and London. A) George Orwell, yoksulluk iginde ve evsiz gecirdigi birkag yilh Down and Out in Paris and London’da aniatmistr. B) George Orwell, Down and Out in Paris and London'da anlattigi gibi, birkag yi! boyunca evsiz ve yoksulluk iginde yasamistir. C) George Orwell, evsiz ve yoksulluk iginde gecirdigi yilanin anilanm Down and Out in Paris and London'da toplamistir. D) Down and Out in Paris and London, George Orwell'in yoksulluk iginde ve evsiz gecirdigi birkag yili anlattig: kitabidir. E) George Orwell, Down and Out in Paris and London adh kitabini, evsiz ve yoksulluk iginde gecirdigi yillardan esinlenerek yazmistir. 73. 74, eee The ground-floor of the new shopping centre was opened last weekend, but the construction work is still continuing on the upper floors. A) Ust katlarda ingaat iglerinin hala devam ‘etmesi nedeniyle yeni aligverig merkezinin acilist ancak gegen hafta sonu, giris kata yapilabildi B) Gegen hafta sonu agilisi yapilan yeni alisverig merkezinin giris kati harig diger tiim katlarinda insaat devam ediyor. €) Gegen hafta agilan alisverig merkezinin iris katinin ingaat bitti ancak dst katlarinki heniiz tam olarak bitmedi. D) Ust katlarda devam eden insaata ragmen yeni aligverig merkezinin agilisi gegen hafta sonu giris katta yapild. E) Yeni aligverig merkezinin girig kati gegen hafta sonu agildi ama dst katlarda ingaat hala devam ediyor. A new period began in Indian literature with the colonization of India by the British in the 18th century. A) 18. yizyiida Ingilizlerin Hindistan’i sémirgelestirmesiyle, Hint edebiyati yeni bir déneme girdi. B) Hint edebiyatinda yeni bir dénemin baslamasi, 18. yiizyilda Ingilizlerin Hindistan' sémirgelestirdigi déneme rastlar. €) 18. yizyiida, Hindistan’in Ingilizier tarafindan sémiirgelestirilmesiyle, Hint edebiyatinda yeni bir dénem baslamisti. D) Hindistan'in Ingilizlerin sémiirgesi durumuna geldigi 18. yizyiida, Hint edebiyati yeni bir déneme basladi. E) Hindistan’in 18. yizyilda Ingilizlerin sémiirgesi durumuna gelmesi Hint edebiyatinda yeni bir dénem baslatmistr. sea eau eae75. As she is determined to lose weight very quickly, she's hardly eaten anything since last week. A) Gok hizli bir gekilde kilo vermeye kararli oldugu iin, gegen haftadan beri neredeyse higbir sey yemedi. B) Gegen haftadan beri dogru diirist bir sey yemedigi icin cok hizl bir bigimde kilo veriyor. C) Gegen hafta hizit bir bicimde kilolarint azaltmaya karar verince, neredeyse higbir sey yememeye basladi. D) Gegen haftadan bu yana hizia kilo kaybetmesinin nedeni, dogru diiriist, higbir sey yememesi E) Kararl bir sekilde sirdirdigi perhiz sayesinde gegen haftadan bu yana hizla kilo kaybetti. 76. Few writers from the West Indies have gained a readership outside their region. A) Bat Hint adalarindan bazi yazarlarin kendi bélgeleri diginda ¢ok az okuyucu kitleleri vardir B) Bati Hint adalarindan gok az okuyucu kendi bélgesi digindaki yazarlarin eserierine ilgi gésteri. ) Bati Hint adalani disindan cok az yazar bu bélgede okuyucu kitlesi kazanabilmistir. D) Bati Hint adalarindan gok az yazar kendi bélgesi diginda bir okuyucu kitlesi edinebilmistir. E) Bati Hint adalarindaki okuyucu kendi bélgesi disindan gok az yazan benimsemistir. ED craton inguagestuier_ 77. Since he hasn't had any exercise for years, my father becomes out of breath even after climbing two flights of stairs. A) Yillarca sporia ugrasan babam, spor yapmamaya basladigindan beri, neredeyse iki kat merdiveni bile nefes nefese gikiyor. B) Yillar énce sporu biraktigindan beri babam, iki kat merdiven gikinca bile nefes nefese kallyor. ) Yillardir hig spor yapmayan biri olarak, babamuin iki kat merdiven gikinca nefes nefese kalmasi cok dogal D) Babamin iki kat merdiven gikinca nefes nefese kalmasi, yillardir hig spor yapmamasindan kaynaklantyor. E) Yillardir hig spor yapmadidi igin babam, iki kat merdiven giktiktan sonra bile nefes nefese kaliyor. 78. It's really pleasing to see that fewer and fewer youths are becoming addicted to cigarette. A) Giderek daha gok gencin sigaray! birakmasi gergekten memnuniyet verici. B) Sigara igen genglerin sayisinin giderek azaimas! beni cok sevindiriyor. C) Gengler arasinda, sigara tiryakisi olaniarin sayisinin gok fazia olmadigin goriince sevindim. D) Giderek daha az gencin sigara tiryakisi oldugunu gérmek gergekten cok sevindirici. E) Sigara tiryakileri arasinda genglerin ok az sayida olmasi memnuniyet yaratt. a79. i Due to his congenital speech defect, he's always felt uncomfortable when he is with people other than his family. A) Sahip oldugu konusma bozuklugu, nun, ailesi disinda insanlarla birlikteyken duydugu rahatsizligin baslica kaynagiydi. B) Dogustan gelen konugma bozuklugu yiiziinden, ailesinin diginda insanlaria birlikteyken kendini hep rahatsiz hissetmistir. C) Dogustan gelen konusma bozuklugu nedeniyle, sadece aile bireyleriyle birlikteyken kendini rahat hissediyordu. D) Ailesi disinda insanlaria rahat iligki kuramamasinin nedeni, genetik olarak sahip oldugu konusma bozukluguydu. E) Genetik olarak sahip oldugu konugma bozuklugu, onun, ailesi disinda insan- larla yakinlasmasini hep engellemistir. He does not owe his current prosperous life to his family, but to his ‘own enterprising efforts. A) Ailesi borg igindeyken, o, biyiik bir varlik iginde, son derece miisrif bir yasam siiriiyor. B) Kendi girigimci gabalanyla zengin oldugu igin kendisini ailesine karst hig borgiu hissetmiyor. C) Su anki varlikli yagamint ailesine degil, kendi girisimci gabalarina borgludur. D) Su anda sahip oldugu zenginiigi, aileden kalania degil, kendi cabalanyla elde etmistir. E) Aileden gelen bir zenginlik olmadigr halde, girisimoi ruhu sayesinde kendisini varlkli konuma getirdi. 81. 82. Istakoz, karides ve istiridyenin ticari iiretimi heniiz baslangi¢ agamasindadir ama gelismeye devam etmektedir. A) Commercially the culture of lobsters, shrimps and clams is small-scale and underdeveloped. B) Commercial culture of lobsters, shrimps and clams is still in its infancy, but continues to develop. €) Although stil in its infancy, commercial culture of lobsters, shrimps and clams has started to develop. D) Shellfish culture, such as lobster, shrimp or clam culture, is in its infancy, yet it is developing. E) The commercial culture of lobsters, shrimps and clams has only just begun, but it is being expanded steadily Projenin uygulanmast st lagtigt bitmez tiikenmez engeller onu yorgun diig A) The application of the project was exhausting due to the constant interventions and obstacles which were encountered. B) She finished the project despite the tiresome interventions and obstacles she came across during its application. C) The application of the project was ° hindered by endless interventions and obstacles, which she found wore her out in the end. D) The endless interventions and obstacles she encountered in the course of the application of the project tired her out. E) She encountered countless interven- tions and obstacles during the application of the project, and so she became exhausted. Engish Language Sucies EEie 83. Muhasebeci, patron kendisini isten atmakla tehdit ettikten sonra davranis- larint Snemli diciide degistirdi. ‘A) Having been threatened by the boss that he would be dismissed, the accountant had to modify his behaviour. B) The boss threatened to dismiss the accountant unless he changed his behaviour significantly. ) It was the threat of dismissal from the boss that made the accountant modify his behaviour. D) The accountant changed his behaviour radically when the boss warned him about it. E) After the boss threatened to dismiss him, the accountant modified his behaviour considerably. . Danimarka, Iskandinavya ve Orta Avrupa arasinda fiziksel, kiiltiirel ve ticari bir képrii olusturur. A) Denmark forms a physical, cultural and ‘commercial bridge between ‘Scandinavia and Central Europe. B) Between Scandinavia and Central Europe, Denmark is like a physical, cultural and commercial bridge. ) A physical, cultural and commercial bridge, Denmark is situated between Scandinavia and Central Europe. D) Denmark was founded as a physical, cultural and commercial bridge to Scandinavia and Central Europe. E) Denmark, linking Scandinavia and Central Europe, acts as a physical, cultural and commercial bridge. ED rcten tangunge sucies 85. Ray Charles miizik kariyerine bes yasinda Greenville'de yerel bir kafeteryada piyano calarak baslamis ve alti yaginda kér olmustur. A) Ray Charles's musical career had begun at the age of five playing the piano in a local cafeteria in Greenville, shortly before he went blind at six. B) Ray Charles, who went blind at six, had begun his musical career at the age of five playing the piano in a local cafeteria in Greenville. €) Ray Charles went blind at six, after beginning his musical career at the age of five playing the piano in a local | cafeteria in Greenville. D) Having begun his musical career at the age of five, Ray Charles played the piano in a local cafeteria in Greenville, but went blind at six. E) Ray Charles began his musical career at the age of five playing the piano in a local cafeteria in Greenville and went blind at six. Okul miidiiré, acilig konugmasint yaparken biitiin 6grenciler ve veliler sessizlik iginde onu dinledi. ‘A) While the headmaster made his opening speech, the students, as well as their parents, tried to keep quiet. B) The students and parents remained silent as the headmaster made his ‘opening speech. C) The headmaster made his opening speech to the students and parents, who listened intently. D) The school opened with a speech from the headmaster, which was listened to in silence by all the students and their parents. E) As the headmaster made his opening speech, the students and the parents all listened to him in silence. —————————— ee-—_—oioe 87. Siparigin gecikmesiyle ilgili yaptiklant agiklama bana hig de inandirict geimedi. A) | wasn't convinced by their explana- tion as to why the order was delayed. B) | think they were trying to assure us that the order wouldn't be delayed. C) Their explanation about the delay in the order didn't seem at all convincing to me. D) I demanded a proper explanation about why the order had been delayed. E) It appears to me that the order was delayed for a different reason than they stated. 88. Arastirmalar bypass ameliyatinin hastalarin yagama gansini énemli Slgiide artirmadigini géstermektedir. A) Studies indicate that bypass surgery does not significantly improve the patients’ chances of survival. B) Whether bypass surgery increases the patients’ chances of survival conside- rably is the subject of many studies. C) The patients who have had bypass operations don't stand much chance of surviving, D) Research shows that the patients who have had bypass operations stand a considerable chance of surviving. E) Researchers say that bypass surgery does not extend the patients’ lives significantly 89. Oyunda bas rolii alamadigr igin hayal kinkligina ugradigi halde rolii alan kisiyi igtentikle kutladh. A) Disappointed at not getting the leading role in the play, he tried to sound sincere as he was congratulating the other actor. B) Although he was disappointed not to get the leading role in the play, he warmly congratulated the person who did. €) He was really disappointed not to get the leading role in the play, but he still congratulated the person who did. D) Trying to overcome his disappointment with the result, he warmly congratulated the person who got the leading role in the play. E) No matter how disappointed he was with the result, he was polite enough to congratulate the person who got the leading role. 90. Diigiine en az 500 kiginin gelecegini umuyorduk ama asil say umdugumuzun ok altindaydh. ‘A) We were expecting far more, but in the end the actual number of wedding guests was around 500. B) Having expected more than 500 guests to come to the wedding, we were disappointed with the actual number, which was much smaller. C) We were expecting at least 500 people to tum up for the wedding, but the actual number was far below our expectation. D) It had been our expectation that at least 500 people would attend our wedding, but far fewer than that number actually tured up. E) At least 500 guests were expected to turn up for our wedding, but our expectation was lower than the actual number of people who turned up. Engish Language Suces EE MV