( 2018-19 +1 New syllabus) Systematic Analysis of Given Simple Salt H2SO4: turning starch iodide paper

S NO
Experiment Observation Inference Salt + MnO2 + Conc. H2SO4 and blue evolves.
1. Colour: i) Blue /Green May be Copper salts heated. A reddish brown gas turning Presence of Bromide
Colour of the salt. ii) Brown May be an Iron(ferric) salt moist fluorescein paper red
iii) Colourless Absence of Copper and evolves
Iron Salts No characteristic change. Absence of Chloride,
Action of heat : i) Reddish brown gas May be Nitrate Bromide
2. Little of the salt is heated in a dry ii)Pungent smelling gas 7. Action of Conc.H2SO4 Copper Reddish brown gas Presence of Nitrate
test tube. giving dense white fumes May be Ammonium turning test: No reddish brown gas Absence of Nitrate
with glass rod dipped in Salt + Copper turnings + conc.
conc. HCl H2SO4 and heated.
iii)Yellow when hot, white May be Zinc 8. Action of dil. NaOH: A colourless gas with the Presence of Ammonium
when cooled. Salt + dil. NaOH and heated Pungent smelling gas with salt
No characteristic change Absence of Nitrate, the smell of ammonia gives
Ammonium and Zinc dense white fumes with rod
Flame test : i) Brick red flame Presence of Calcium dipped in conc.HCl.
3. Little of the salt is made into a ii) Apple green flame Presence of Barium No Pungent smelling gas Absence of Ammonium
paste with conc. HCl in a watch iii)Bluish green flame Presence of copper salt
glass and it is burnt by the non iv)No characteristic flame Absence of Copper, 9. Chromyl Chloride test: Red orange vapours Presence of Chloride
luminous part of the Bunsen Calcium and Barium Salt + Solid K2Cr2O7 + evolved is passed through confirmed
flame using a glass rod. Conc.H2SO4 and heated. NaOH in a test tube. Yellow
4. Action of dil.HCl: i)Colourless, Odourless gas solution is obtained. On
Salt + dil.HCl and heated. with brisk effervescence Presence of Carbonate adding dil acetic acid and
turning lime water milky confirmed Lead acetate solution,
ii)Rotten egg smelling gas Presence of Sulphide yellow precipitate is
turning lead acetate paper confirmed formed.
black. No red orange vapours Absence of Chloride
iv)No characteristic change Absence of Carbonate & evolved
Sulphide Preparation of Sodium Carbonate extract :
5. Action of Conc.H2SO4: A colourless gas evolves. It 1g Salt + 3g Na2CO3 + 20 ml distilled water, Boiled, Cooled and filtered. The
Salt +Conc. H2SO4 +heated. gives a dense white fumes Presence of chloride clear filtrate is called sodium carbonate extract.
10 Test for halides: i)Curdy white precipitate Presence of Chloride
when a glass rod dipped in
liquid ammonia is brought Na2CO3 Extract + dil. HNO3 + ii)A pale yellow ppt Presence of Bromide
close to its mouth. AgNO3 iii)Black precipitate Presence of Sulphide
A reddish brown gas turning Presence of bromide iv)No characteristic Absence of Chloride,
moist fluorescein paper precipitate Bromide and Sulphide
green evolves. 11 BaCl2 test: White precipitate Presence of Sulphate
Reddish brown gas turning Presence of nitrate Na2CO3 Extract + dil. HCl +BaCl2 insoluble in dil H2SO4
acidified ferrous sulphate No white precipitate Absence of Sulphate
paper green evolves. 12 Lead acetate test: White precipitate soluble Presence of Sulphate
No characteristic change. Absence of Chloride, Na2CO3 Extract + CH3COOH +Lead in ammonium acetate.
Bromide & Nitrate acetate No White precipitate Absence of Sulphate
6. Action of MnO2 and Conc. A greenish yellow gas Presence of chloride 13 Brown Ring test: Na2CO3 Brown ring is formed Presence of Nitrate
 Extract + dil.H2SO4 + freshly No brown ring is formed Absence of Nitrate Confirmatory Test For Basic Radicals
prepared FeSO4 and conc. H2SO4 is 1. Lead (Group I)
added along the sides of the test tube Original solution + KI solution Yellow precipitate Lead is confirmed
14 Ammonium molybdate test: A canary yellow ppt is Presence of Phosphate 2. Copper (Group II) Original Red brown precipitate Copper is confirmed
Na2CO3 Extract + dil HNO3 + formed. solution + Acetic acid + potassium
ammonium No yellow precipitate Absence of phosphate ferrocyanide
molybdate and Conc. HNO3 3 Aluminium (Group III) Original
15 Test with sodium nitro bruside: A purple or violet Presence of sulphide. solution + sodium peroxide + dil Gelatinous white ppt Aluminium is confirmed
Na2CO3 Extract + dil .ammonia + colouration appears HCl
sodium nitro bruside. No purple or violet Absence of suphide Ferric Iron (Group III) Original Blue precipitate Ferric iron is confirmed
colouration solution + sodium peroxide + dil
Analysis of Basic Radicals HCl + potassium ferrocyanide
Preparation of Original Solution: 4. Zinc (Group IV) White precipitate Zinc is confirmed
Salt + distilled water gives original solution. (or) Original solution + potassium ferro
Salt + dil. HNO3 or dil. HClgives original solution. (CuCO ,MgCO ,CaCO , ZnS, Mg (PO ) salt used dil. HNO dilHCl)
3 3 3 3 4 2 3 or cyanide
1. Analysis Of Ammonium: Chocolate brown Presence of Ammonium 5. Barium (Group V)
Original Solution + NaOH + precipitate (Group0) Original solution + potassium Yellow precipitate Barium is confirmed
Nessler’s reagent No chocolate brown Absence of Ammonium chromate
precipitate 6. Calcium (Group V)
Group Separation Originalsolution+NH4OH White precipitate Calcium is confirmed
1. Original Solution + dil. HCl White precipitate Presence of I group Lead +Ammonium oxalate
No White precipitate Absence of I group Lead 7 Magnesium (Group VI)
2. Original Solution + dil. HCl+ H2S Black precipitate Presence of II group Original solution + NaOH + Blue precipitate Magnesium is confirmed
gas is passed Copper Magneson reagent
No Black precipitate Absence of II group 8 Ammonium (Zero group) Chocolate brown Ammonium is confirmed
Copper Original solution + NaOH + precipitate
3. Original Solution + NH4Cl + i)White precipitate i) Presence of III group Nessler’s reagent
NH4OH Aluminium Result: 1) The given simple salt contains Acid radical______________
ii)Brown colour ii) Presence of III group Basic radical______________
precipitate Ferric (iron). 2)The given simple salt is________
No White precipitate Absence of III group Al,
Fe Acid radicals: Carbonate CO3 2- , Sulphide S2-, Nitrate NO3- , Sulphate SO42- , Chloride Cl -,
4. Original Solution + NH4Cl + Dirty white precipitate Presence of IV group Zinc Bromide Br -, Phosphate PO4 3-
NH4OH + H2S gas is passed No dirty white precipitate Absence of IV group Zinc
Basic radicals : Ammonium (NH4+) , Lead (Pb2+), Copper (Cu2+), Aluminium (Al3+), Ferric (Fe3+),
5. Original Solution + NH4Cl + White precipitate Presence of V group Ba or Zinc (Zn2+), Calcium (Ca2+), Barium (Ba2+), Magnesium (Mg2+)
NH4OH + (NH4)2CO3 Ca
No White precipitate Absence of V group Ba or List of salts 8. Zinc Sulphide ZnS
1. Lead Nitrate Pb(NO3)2 9. Calcium Carbonate CaCO3
Ca 2. Copper Sulphate CuSO4 10. Barium Chloride BaCl2
6. Original solution + NH4Cl + White precipitate Presence of VI group 3. Copper Carbonate CuCO3 11. Magnesium Sulphate MgSO4
NH4OH + disodium hydrogen Magnesium 4. Ferric Chloride FeCl3 12. Magnesium Carbonate MgCO3
5. Aluminium Sulphate Al2(SO4)3 13. Magnesium Phosphate Mg3(PO4)2
phosphate No White precipitate Absence of VI group 6. Aluminium Nitrate Al(NO3)3 14. Ammonium Chloride NH4Cl
Magnesium 7. Zinc Sulphate ZnSO4 15. Ammonium Bromide NH4Br