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global megatrends point to the role of digitalization, automation, IoT, and big data,
technology and its disruptive effects, and among others. Technological surveillance,
the opportunities for enhancing economic R&D, and learning-by-doing will be critically
development and well-being of millions. important activities to inform policymaking
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is and business strategy.30
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important development is that as more processes. This requires an ecosystem
institutions and businesses digitalized, involving knowledge and R&D institutions,
the proportion of consumers that entered product and process design, marketing, and
the digital marketplace has also expanded entrepreneurs. Government will support the
rapidly. The rapid and massive migration creation of innovation ecosystems and their
of people into the digital space is an evolution to becoming a dynamic ecosystem
opportunity to push toward fully digitalizing that eventually generates not only more, but
sectors that have not been able to pivot quality jobs.
their processes to maximize the potential
efficiency brought about by digitalization. Enhanced Connectivity. As an archipelago,
the Philippines has unique challenges with
Servicification. Servicification fosters inter- connectivity. Digital connectivity is only
sectoral linkages to create synergies for more one form, as physical connectivity through
value-adding opportunities, expansion of infrastructure and transport is similarly
products and markets, and more efficient important to link markets to each other;
delivery network. The Philippines has connect urban centers to rural areas; and
had a strong competitive advantage in facilitate the movement of people whether
services, which has accounted for a large for employment, business and marketing
proportion of GDP and employment both transactions, or even socialization and
domestically and internationally, albeit in recreation. Communities should be linked to
lower productivity jobs. Where the country these opportunities through the development
has been unable to compete successfully is in of local road networks that reduce the costs of
expanding manufacturing, which, for many transport, while also adopting active mobility
other countries, has been the driver of job options and e-vehicles.
generation. The evolution of these sectors has
In addition to investing in connectivity
blurred the line between manufacturing and
domestically, there are also opportunities to
service jobs, as manufacturing now requires
ramp up the connectivity of the country to
more service-related labor, which has become
the rest of the world. Increasing the capacity
more mobile and transmittable via digital
of airports can revitalize tourism; upgrading
means.31
ports and improving maritime safety can
Servicification as a strategy means pursuing facilitate the movement of goods, thereby
policies that will build ecosystems around promoting trade and making the country
economic clusters identified as potential more attractive to investments.
sources of high growth, to attract more
Greater collaboration between local and
investments and expand its demand
national government. The PDP seeks to
for higher productivity jobs. Priority
bring local governments in as equal partners
servicification can also be targeted toward
in the development agenda of the country. As
the industries of ICT, creatives, tourism, and
frontline service providers, LGU performance
logistics to move up the global value chain.
can spell the difference between regional
Dynamic Innovation Ecosystem. Innovation development and regional stagnation.
will translate knowledge and ideas into
new products, and/or new and better
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One of the major developments in the capacity for delivering public services and
governance landscape of the Philippines is raising local revenues.
the Mandanas-Garcia ruling of the Supreme
Court in 2018. The ruling meant that the Partnership with the private sector. There
internal revenue allotments (IRA) of local are multiple areas to expand the role of the
governments would increase by about private sector to deliver more benefits to the
23 percent in keeping with the spirit of the public. The government’s role is to provide
Local Government Code of 1991.32 This led to calibrated incentives to priority industries
a “re-devolution” of programs and functions and foster an enabling business environment
to local government units (LGU) as national to allow job-generating businesses
agencies faced smaller budget allocation. and industries to grow. Reconfiguring
public–private partnerships (PPP) can also
Operationalizing the Mandanas-Garcia ruling help in addressing cross-cutting issues of
is an opportunity to optimize the sharing a weak competition environment and the
of responsibility between local and national digital divide, as well as boost the country’s
government. Over the medium term, campaign to attract foreign investments. The
there will be close coordination through tight fiscal space that will constrain public
capacity-building programs and mentoring investments for the next few years provides
for LGUs, especially in areas where national a rationale for favoring PPPs in enhancing
government support will be needed. These and upgrading infrastructure. Larger private
include important human development sector participation in areas such as housing,
investments, notably in health, social welfare, transport, digital, and other related large
disaster resilience, and local infrastructure. infrastructure can free up public funds for
Thus, the completion of Devolution investments in human capital to address, for
Transition Plans (DTP) will be fast-tracked instance, the scarring from the pandemic in
and operationalized to improve each LGU’s health care and education.
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Figure 1.1 Strategy Framework of Philippine Development Plan 2023–2028
REDUCE
PROMOTE HUMAN INCREASE MODERNIZE
VULNERABILITIES AND REVITALIZE REINVIGORATE
AND SOCIAL INCOME-EARNING AGRICULTURE AND
PROTECT PURCHASING INDUSTRY SERVICES
DEVELOPMENT POWER
ABILITY AGRIBUSINESS
ENSURE PEACE AND SECURITY, AND EXPAND AND UPGRADE ACCELERATE CLIMATE ACTION AND
ENHANCE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE INFRASTRUCTURE STRENGTHEN DISASTER RESILIENCE
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by a governance system that is accessible and • Employment facilitation services will be
ensures sustainability of livable communities. enhanced to include career development
support, and an active labor market
Social protection (SP) systems will be made information system.
more efficient with improved targeting and
digitalized processes for faster response • Everyone will have access to opportunities
to the needs of the most vulnerable to increase their income-earning abilities
(Chapter 3). by the effective enforcement of anti-
discrimination laws. Migrant workers will
• Amidst the possibility of accelerated also have access to these opportunities to
inflation owing to natural and external facilitate their reintegration back into the
shocks, the priority is to ensure domestic economy.
food security and proper nutrition,
especially among the most vulnerable The production sectors will be transformed
(Subchapter 3.1). A sufficient and stable to provide high-quality, high-skill, and
supply of food will be ensured, primarily stable employment opportunities for the
through improved productivity of agri-food fast-growing Filipino workforce.
systems, including storage, transport, and
logistics. Measures to prevent and address The strategies in each sector are categorized
wasting, stunting, and obesity will be into three major groups: (a) expand markets,
implemented through supplementary feeding, (b) promote value-adding, and (c) foster
nutrition education, and nutrition promotion inter-sectoral linkages.
campaigns.
Agriculture and agribusiness will be
• Social protection systems will be modernized (Chapter 5). Primarily,
strengthened (Subchapter 3.2). SP programs production efficiency will be improved
will be enhanced to reduce the risks faced through farm clustering or consolidation,
by Filipinos, and mitigate the impact of adoption of improved technology, and access
shocks. Critical to this is the establishment to inputs. More innovation hubs and farm
of a universal, modern, and integrated SP demonstration sites will be established and
system to improve targeting, rationalize the Province-led Agriculture and Fisheries
interventions, and facilitate the timely Extension System will be strengthened. The
delivery of SP services. blue economy will be developed with the full
implementation of the Fisheries Management
Jobseekers and those currently working will Act plans, and the upgrading of Technology
have more opportunities to improve their Outreach Stations, and National Technology
income-earning ability (Chapter 4). Centers, among others. Opportunities for
greater value-adding will be created by
• Contents of training modules and expanding business partnerships between
curricula for human capital development primary producers and other entrepreneurs,
will be continuously updated to match the and by strengthening the capacity of
needs of emerging in-demand occupations. primary producers to process raw materials,
The updating will also cover professional understand markets, and ensure that
standards and licensure examinations. food safety and quality standards are met.
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Government will rationalize investments in operations will also increase demand. Value-
the sector to promote the interconnectedness adding to diversify “product” offering and
of multimodal transport and logistics, improve “consumption” experience will
particularly for perishable products. Use be encouraged by instituting accreditation
of mobile platforms and channels will be protocols; improving access to physical
encouraged for marketing, payment, and and digital infrastructure; and developing
product delivery. Institutional capacity to technology parks, centers of creative
formulate plans, conduct R&D, provide excellence and innovation, creative talent
extension services, and undertake monitoring hubs, and improved shared service facilities
and regulation will be enhanced with for MSMEs. Finally, capacities of institutions
the use of modern technology and better providing business advisory services, and
information systems. of communities and LGUs hosting the
investments and events will be continuously
Industry will be revitalized (Chapter 6). upgraded.
Domestic production and supplier base will
be expanded, particularly corresponding to Establishing a dynamic innovation
the value chains of the following industry ecosystem is at the heart of the
clusters: (a) industrial, manufacturing, and transformation agenda of the PDP 2023-
transport (IMT); (b) technology, media, and 2028 (Chapter 8). The innovation ecosystem
telecommunication (TMT); (c) health and life involves interlinkages between and among
sciences (HLS); and (d) modern basic needs social scientists, basic R&D institutions,
(MBN). This entails enhancing business- product engineers, design and marketing
matching activities and intensifying support specialists, and entrepreneurs who bring
through the provision of common service the ideas and all these players together.
facilities, marketing assistance and even Over the medium term, government will
time-bound performance-based incentives. (a) provide a nurturing environment for
Servicification will be promoted, including basic R&D, and knowledge creation; (b)
the adoption of Industry 4.0, IoT, etc. This support market-driven and customer-
will be done through co-locating industry centered R&D; (c) scale up technology
and service enterprises, and including adoption, utilization, and commercialization;
academic institutions, and providing more and (d) promote an innovation culture
platforms for collaboration. and entrepreneurship. Government will
make use of a combination of financial and
Services sector will be reinvigorated technical support to academic and skills
(Chapter 7). Demand for services will training institutions, business incubators,
be expanded by actively promoting the and startups. Government will also establish
country’s tourism, culture, creative sector, physical and digital platforms to encourage
and Information Technology-Business greater collaboration between and among the
Process Management (IT-BPM). Adoption of ecosystem players.
holiday economics will also be undertaken
to boost domestic tourism, promote local Trade and investments will be promoted
products, and encourage inter-cultural to improve the competitiveness of
exchanges. Streamlining regulations to allow domestic industries, increase demand for
24/7 operations of transport and logistics Philippine products and generate more jobs
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(Chapter 9). International trade will continue to regulatory impact assessment (benefits
to be a major strategy to expand markets, of the regulation to society vs. the cost of
diversify sources for the cumulation of raw compliance, monitoring, and enforcement)
and intermediate materials, and increase to ensure that these are effective in addressing
competitiveness. Thus, government will adopt negative externalities and not simply adding
a purposive, assertive, and forward-looking to the cost of doing business in the country.
position in negotiating regional trade
agreements. Renewed focus will be given to Macroeconomic stability will be ensured
the survival, growth, and expansion of local (Chapter 11).
firms in the export and domestic markets in
• The health of the financial sector will
order to drive productive employment, and
be enhanced (Subchapter 11.1). This will
increase incomes.
improve the efficiency of the financial sector
Government will also position the services in its role as intermediator between savers
sector as the foremost supplier of tradeable and investors, thereby promoting sustained
intermediate services. To this end, support economic growth.The strategies aim to
will be provided to training and retraining broaden and deepen financial inclusion,
programs for the sector and facilitate and accelerate financial innovation, while
access to the necessary physical and ensuring financial sector health. On financial
digital infrastructure. inclusion, the strategies include promoting
financial literacy, and facilitating access
Foreign direct investments (FDI), on the to financial services and instruments. On
other hand, will be harnessed as drivers of financial innovation, government institutions
export growth, sources of vital technology, will adopt a “regulatory sandbox” approach
and critical enablers of the country’s for new innovations, promote RegTech,
long-term climate action. Government will and address information gaps to encourage
launch an international campaign (“Make innovations. To ensure financial health,
it Happen in the Philippines”) to raise government institutions will intensify
awareness of the new business climate given consumer protection, and undertake
the amendments to the FIA, RTLA, PSA, macro- and micro-prudential measures.
and the CREATE Law. The Inter-agency
Investment Promotion Coordination • Sound fiscal management, including
Committee will ensure proper alignment of a conducive tax regime, will be fostered
promotion strategies and various ordinances (Subchapter 11.2). These are necessary
among national and local governments and conditions to foster investor confidence in
investment promotion agencies. the economy and ensure macroeconomic
stability. As it stands, a medium-term fiscal
Businesses will be assured of a healthy framework has been proposed and approved
regulatory environment and a level by President Marcos, Jr.; and endorsed by
playing field (Chapter 10). The strategy is Congress. This is an initial step in assuring
to ensure firm and consistent enforcement markets of the government’s resolve to
of the Philippine Competition Act and exercise fiscal discipline in spending, fiscal
competition-related issuances. At the programming and debt management.
same time, regulations will be subjected
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Individuals, businesses, and civil society and integrity and deepening participatory
will enjoy better connectivity (Chapter 12). governance that ensures that marginalized
Investments in the appropriate infrastructure sectors (e.g., women, children, indigenous
can help reduce the cost of electricity, ensure peoples, persons with disabilities and in
water security, and lower the cost of logistics. Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged
Such investments will improve access to Areas [GIDA]) have concrete roles and
people, goods and services and information, significant influence in all stages of public
and promote growth that is more inclusive. decision-making.
Given the limits to government resources and
capabilities, PPPs will be further encouraged. Given the tight fiscal space, the government
Infrastructure sectoral master plans and must pursue bureaucratic efficiency
road maps will be prepared to provide a to maximize the benefits from public
more comprehensive understanding of the spending. Doing so involves rightsizing
infrastructure gaps and needs, and thus and a whole-of-government approach in
serve as a sound basis for identifying priority reengineering systems and procedures;
infrastructure programs, activities, and accelerating digital transformation in
projects, including those that may be best government; and raising the productivity
pursued through PPP modalities. performance of agencies, as well as the
competencies of public servants.
Filipinos and residents of the Philippines
will enjoy peace and security and an Finally, the Plan recognizes the need for
efficient justice system (Chapter 13). collective action to mitigate the climate
crisis, and strengthen our resilience
• Lasting peace and security enable a to disasters (Chapter 15). The priority
stable environment for a strong and vibrant is to enhance the adaptive capacity of
economy (Subchapter 13.1). communities and ecosystems that are most
vulnerable to natural hazards and climate
• At the same time, an efficient justice change. This will be supported by an
system characterized by integrity, fairness, improved knowledge and data ecosystem, and
accessibility, and a proper regard for the good governance.
rule of law is necessary for fostering a
high-trust society and a favorable business
climate (Chapter 13.2).
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We commit to the following target
outcomes over the medium term…
Over the next six years, the development of being 59th out of 132 countries in 2022.
agenda of the Philippines will be guided by Similarly, the country will be ranked
the headline targets that prioritize poverty among the top 33 percent in the Global
reduction and inclusive growth. While Competitiveness Index by 2028.
navigating external headwinds, the country
will rebuild the losses from the pandemic Create more and better-quality jobs.
and invest in improving areas where deep Although unemployment is nearing
weaknesses were apparent in the pandemic pre-pandemic levels in 2022 at 5.7 percent,
response, for example: in health and there is much room to improve the quality,
responsiveness of social protection; and in productivity, and stability of employment. By
mainstreaming resilience throughout the 2028, the target unemployment rate is within
bureaucracy (e.g., local governments, finance, 4.0 to 5.0 percent, and the percentage of wage
education, disaster risk reduction, and energy and salary workers in private establishments
security) and communities. This development to total employed is within 53 to 55 percent.
agenda aims to get the Philippines back on
Reduce poverty incidence to 9 percent
track toward achieving upper middle-income
by 2028. This is expected to result from
country status by 2025.
sustained economic growth that generates
Maintain high levels of economic growth more and better-quality jobs, and is
in the medium term, rising from 6.0 to supported by an efficient SP system.
7.0 percent in 2023 to 6.5 to 8 percent from
2024 to 2028. Sustained high levels of growth Keep food and overall prices low and stable.
is a necessary condition for meeting the Food and overall inflation will be kept within
AmBisyon Natin 2040. 2.0 to 4.0 percent. This will then reduce
subsistence incidence to 2.5 to 3.5 percent.
Transform the production sectors toward
generating more and better-quality jobs, Ensure fiscal discipline. National government
and enabling the competitiveness of deficit to GDP ratio will be gradually brought
enterprises in domestic and international down from 6.5 percent during the first half
markets. The Philippines aims to continue of 2022 to 3.0 percent in 2028. Outstanding
its progress among the innovation achievers government debt to GDP ratio will also
of the region by rising in rank in the Global be gradually reduced from 63.7 percent in
Innovation Index (GII) from a baseline September 2022 to 51.1 percent by end-2028.
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Table 1.1 Table of Headline Indicators
Global Competitiveness Top 45% Top 43% Top 41% Top 39% Top 37% Top 35% Top 33% World Economic
Index (GCI) rank and score Score: 61.9 Score: 62.1 Score: 62.7 Score: 62.9 Score: 64.3 Score: 64.9 Score: 65.1 Forum Global
improved (Chapter 8) (2019) Competitiveness
Report
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.3–6.4 4.4–4.7 4.8–5.1 4.0–5.0 4.0–5.0 4.0–5.0 Labor Force Survey
decreased (%) (Ave. Jan, Apr, Jul, (LFS), PSA
Oct 2022)
Percentage of wage and 49.6 50.3-50.7 50.9-51.5 51.4-52.4 51.9-53.3 52.5-54.1 53.0-55.0 LFS, PSA
salary workers in private (Ave. Jan, Apr, Jul,
establishments to total Oct 2022)
employed increased (%)
Gross national income USD3,640 USD4,130– USD4,454– USD4,814– USD5,256– USD5,645– USD6,044– World Bank,
per capita increased (2021) USD4,203 USD4,592 USD4,920 USD5,563 USD6,056 USD6,571 International
Monetary Fund
Poverty incidence 18.1 16.0–16.4 * 12.9–13.2 * 10.0–10.3 8.8–9.0 Family Income and
reduced (% of population) (2021) Expenditure Survey
(FIES), PSA
Food inflation rate kept 5.7 2.5–4.5 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 PSA
stable (%) (Jan–Nov 2022)
Headline inflation rate 5.6 2.5–4.5 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 2.0–4.0 PSA
kept stable (%) (Jan–Nov 2022)
National Government 6.5 6.1 5.1 4.1 3.5 3.2 3.0 Bureau of Treasury
(NG) deficit to GDP (Q1–Q3 2022) (BTr)
ratio declined (%)
(Subchapter 11.2)
Outstanding NG debt 63.7 60–62 57–61 56–59 54–58 50–55 48–53 BTr
stock to GDP ratio (Sept 2022)
reduced (%)(Chapter 11.2)
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approach, the country can regain its footing cross-cutting strategies of promoting trade
from the impacts of the pandemic, maintain and investment, innovation, and healthy
stability in the face of persistent external competition and regulatory quality are
headwinds, and ease the path of Filipinos also covered. Part IV discusses strategies
toward progress. that will create an enabling environment
through: good governance and bureaucratic
Through partnerships and collaborations efficiency; ensuring sound macroeconomic
among the public sector, private industry, fundamentals; infrastructure development;
civil society, and all communities working peace, security, and justice; and climate
toward the common goal of bringing a action. Finally, Part V reviews the
comfortable and stable life to all Filipinos, implementation and monitoring of the Plan
the targets of AmBisyon Natin 2040 remain over the next six years.
within reach.
Each chapter/subchapter is organized into
This document is organized into five parts. four sections. The first section, Assessment
Part I introduces the objectives, context, and Challenges, discusses the most recent
and overall strategy of PDP 2023–2028. data showing progress in the sector, followed
Part II covers the strategies for developing by the constraints or weaknesses faced by
the potential of Filipinos through sustained stakeholders in the sector. The second section
human and social investments while illustrates the Strategy Framework, which
simultaneously providing social safety then frames the discussion of the Strategies
nets to mitigate the impact of risks. Part in the third section. The chapter/subchapter
III discusses ways that seek to transform ends with the priority Legislative Agenda that
sectors in agriculture, industry, and the Executive Branch, in consultation with
services through market expansion, value various stakeholders, consider as critical in
addition, and inter-sectoral linkages. The unlocking the constraints faced by the sector.
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