It’s important to check if the computers ready for data

transfer are up in the network or not

Fundamentals of network
monitoring
The purpose of network monitoring is the collecting of
useful information from various part so the network can

i
be managed and controlled using the collected
information.
Network monitoring techniques are developed to
allow network management applications to check
the states of their network devices

Three basic goals of network monitoring :

Performance monitoring

Fault monitoring

Account monitoring
chI
A list of network indicators

Circuit Availability: The actual time that a user can dial up to a

network and the network connection is available for the user
Node Availability: The actual time that a user can use network
nodes, multiplexers and routers without having error
Blocking Factor: The number of user who cannot access the
network because of busy signal in theory

Response Time: The time to transmit a signal and receive

a response for the signal
Ideal network monitoring system

Integration

Productivity

E ciency

Sources of data

Measurement of metrics

This refers to the method of obtaining network data by measuring

certain metrics regarding Network performance

• An example might be the measurement of packet round trip times

and packet

Basic terminology

LAN : Ex - inside school, o ce building

MAN: Ex - telephone lines

WAN: EX - within a town or city

Network switch

Router

Port number

IP address
Network monitoring tools

• Ping

• Trace Route

• Switch port mapper

PING Command

Using the ping command

• Syntax: XXX: XXX: XXX: XXX

• To check connectivity by using the ping command, at the

command prompt, type ping and the IP address you want
to reach

Network Monitoring System is the system which

monitors the system which is connected in LAN.

It is easy to understand for user that if color changes to

Green it means that the system is up in a network, if
color changes to Red then it means that system is
down in a network
Network Monitoring: Exploring Data
SNMP, RMON , and CMP network
De ne Network Monitoring: is the systematic
process of overseeing and managing a
computer network to ensure its e cient
operation, security, and performance.

Importance in Modern Networks:

• Ensuring Reliability

• Optimizing Performance

• Enhancing Security

• Capacity Planning

• Compliance and Reporting

Key Aspects We'll Discuss:

• SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

• RMON (Remote Network Monitoring)

• CMIP (Common Information Model)

 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

SNMP : is a standardized communication protocol

used for monitoring and managing network devices
and their functions.
It allows network administrators to collect information
about network performance, device health, and status.

SNMP plays a crucial role in network monitoring by

enabling the retrieval of data and statistics from network
devices.

and the identi cation of issues that can a ect the

network's reliability and performance.

SNMP Versions
• SNMPv1: The rst version of SNMP, which introduced basic
network management capabilities. However, it lacked robust
security features

• SNMPv2c: An improvement over SNMPy1 with added

features such as bulk data retrieval, but still relying on
community strings for authentication.

• SNMPv3: The most secure and feature-rich version of

SNMP. It introduced user-based authentication, message
integrity, encryption, and tine-grained access control.
 Key Features and Capabilities:

Data Collection: SNMP allows for the collection of data on

network device status, performance metrics, and more.

Alerts and Noti cations: SNMP can generate alerts and

noti cations based on prede ned thresholds, facilitating
proactive issue resolution.

Historical Data: SNMP supports the storage of historical

data, aiding in trend ta analysis and capacity planning.
Scalability: SNMP can scale to monitor large and complex
networks.

Interoperability: It works with a wide range of network

devices and vendors.
 Use Cases
Monitoring Router and Switch Health: SNMP is
commonly used to monitor the health and performance of
routers and switches.

Server Performance Monitoring: SNMP can also be used

to keep an eye on server metrics such as CPU usage,
memory utilization, and disk space.

Bandwidth Utilization: SNMP helps in tracking bandwidth

usage, which is crucial for optimizing network performance

Fault Detection and Alarms: SNMP can be used to detect

and report network faults, allowing for rapid response and
troubleshooting.

SNMP Components

SNMP Managers: SNMP Managers are software applications

or systems responsible for monitoring and managing network
devices.
SNMP Managers send SNMP requests to agents,
receive responses, and process the collected data.
SNMP Agents: are software modules embedded in
network devices like routers, switches, and servers.
When an SNMP Manager sends a request, the SNMP Agent on
the target device processes it and sends back the requested
information or performs the requested action.
MIB (Management Information Base): is a hierarchical
database that de nes the structure and organization of data
accessible via SNMP.
The MIB consists of a tree-like structure with individual
objects identi ed by Object Identi ers (OIDs).
OlDs uniquely identify each data point or parameter
that can be monitored or con gured.

Data Collection and Processing

• When an SNMP Manager wants to retrieve data, it sends an
SNMP Get request to the SNMP Agent on a target device,
specifying the OID of the desired information.

Remote Network Monitoring (RMON)|

RMON: is an extension of the SNMP (Simple Network

Management Protocol) designed to provide more
advanced and detailed network monitoring capabilities.

RMON plays a critical role in network monitoring by

providing a comprehensive view of network activities and
device performance.

It allows network administrators to gain insights into how

tra c ows, detect issues, optimize network resources,
and troubleshoot problems e ciently.
RMON extends SNMP by introducing specialized
monitoring groups and enhanced data collection
capabilities.

Cases

Use Case 1: Bandwidth Optimization

Use Case 2: Security Monitoring

Use Case 3: Troubleshooting

Use Case 4: Capacity Planning

Bene ts
• Improved Network Visibility:

• Enhanced Troubleshooting:

• E cient Resource Allocation:

• Proactive Network Management:

 RMON Functional Areas

• Statistics:

• History:

• Alarms:

• Events:

• Hosts:

• HostTopN: