: e S Smsoon 6 eL zw es or Be +e < OL afied onSropy amy amp ur Siopu upoasrastuazioyy, sOM>T UI]OIS SUL, umympung 918 PuE aed HLL poodynyy aL opeymuoury 0 fouseg 21 wpeocd PP SUL says go eno 1p JO TE LT, Snq-PIOD HL syuaquodthe dask side of his time, Poe was 2 very original writer and le, but he is recognised today as the master of horror and he father of the detective story. Many of his tales are based sadness and revenge. A very int able to put his experiences into stories that few writers have been able to match, Poe wanted to get away ffom the tradition of writing stories with a morals he did not want to & readers how they should live, Instead, he wanted to fill with emotion and he wanted to make them think. Mat stories communicate a world of terror that comes straight from 1 the depths of his own troubled mind. His stories have been translated into man read by people all round the world. 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Earning about fifteen dollars for each story he lived in poverty and felt desperate. Then Virginia developed 2 serious disease and, afier five long years of illness, died in 1847. ‘afer héFdeath, Poe continued to drink heavily and also used dirugs. He was often very depressed and sufered fiom periods of rmuadness. A year Inter, be tried to kil himself ‘in 1849 Boe met a childhood fiend, a gitl he had liked very much when he was a boy. Mrs Sheldon’s husband had died, 30 Poe wasted no time, He asked her to marry him and they made plans for their wedding. It seemed that at the age of forty his Troubles had ended. Unfortunately, Poe did not live ro see his wedding day His death on 7 October 1849 in Baltimore is as much a ystery as the plots that Poe created for some of his stories Some people think he died asa result of drinking heavily m the days before his death. Others say he died of brain feves. Prom Jerters he had written, itis known that he had been ill “When he was found, he was wearing someone else’ clothes ‘This has taised a lot of suspicion and there are many theories. Ie as election day in Baltimore. Was he attacked by a political gang, ‘which was not uncommon in those days in Bakimore? Many books have been written about his life but the questions will probably never be answered In April 2006 the Poe Society of Baltimore, w cof Poe's hait, had it tested for metal poisoning, But the tests did not really prove anything about his death. We cannot deny that Poe's mysterious death leaves his readers and admirers with 2 ilar feeling. Where is C. Auguste Dupin, his great fictional detective, when you need bim? jch had some s socoeenne ee OSAP EE ER ET SRE EN TTT Poe's first books, which appeared in 1827 and 1829, were two collections of poetry: These were not very successful, so he began to write short stories for magazines. The first collection of these, “Tiles of the Grotesque and Arabesque, appeared in 1840. In the years that followed, Poe became increasingly well known as a story writer, and more collections appeared in 1843 and 1845, He also continved to wiite pocty, and in 1845 produced ‘Die Raven and Other Poems.“The Raven’, cry for lost love, made him extremely fon, and it is one of the best-known poems in American literature Poe’ work includes science fiction, mystery and crime stories He was not only an author, poet and editor, but he also wrote criticisms of other writers’ works including books on medicine, nature, history, language, economics and other sciences. Aldhough Poe's poems and stories were often about death, terror, revenge, deceit and mental illness, he himself was a man with a sense of humour, a good friend and a loving husband. He worked hard and was a man who paid a great amount of attention to detail. You can rad Edgar Allan Poe's short stories and poems in Poc’s original words on the Internet. You can also read about the author on the Internet pages for the Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore. 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Here nue a life f my parents allowed me t0 cor of wastefil pleasure, And i was at Oxford that T leamed the evil att of cheating; this shows how far had fallen. from the ousness of this offence it My friends, all of them, would Wve suspected me of jour; for Twas the happy, the generous William te ofa cheated at cards for years, rich young ‘man named Glendinning came to the University. He had a weak 1 my purpose. I often n one oF two faisly his way he fell deeper into , who was drinking heavily, owed me a lot of money: Less than an hour later his debe was four great, T did not believe, though, that such 2 loss could the wine must be affecting that we stopped the game, wher hopelessness fiom Glendi ruined him completely and that he had everyone's his miserable position, There was si looked at me angr in the ron what I might have done, if we had not been suddenly interrupted. The door of the room burst open, and a violent light, as it died, showed us that a wind blew ou che lamps. Th stranger had entered and was now sea we heard “Gent ing among us. And then en, he said, in a low, clear and never-to-be-forgotten Which brought a lump to my throat, “I am sorry for this ruption, but iis a duty: You do not know the true character of the person who has tonight won a large amount of money from Lord Glendinning, [advise you to examine the inside of his had entered. How hat the feeling of ind times worse than the fact? But I ha vehi in a large pocket on the inside of my coat, Several sets of cards care te a definite advantage were found in other i My friends received this discovery with silent disbelief, and their rst of anger would hhave done. ‘we have had enough of your skill at cards, I hope you will leave Oxford. In any case, you will eave my rooms immediat. could not escape. In Paris Wilson again interrupted my. Years went by, and 2 ill could not lose him. 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Tears came to my eyes wvhen I saw this lst, clear proof of my friend's mental sickness Our path led across to the mainland, and on to the high ground to the north-west, We-malked for about two hours, and the sun was just setting when we arrived at a natural platform towards the top of a hill, which was surrounded by forest and lange rocks. The place was overgrown with bushes. Legrand went aight toivards a great tree, which stood, with about eight or ten others, om the round, This tree was taller and more beautiful than any T have ever seen, and the wide spread of its branches threw shadows over its smaller neighbours. When we reached this trce, Legrand curned to Jupiter, and asked him if he thought he could clinb it, The old man seemed surprised by the question, and for some moments made no reply. At last, after a ‘careful examination of the tree, he simply said: “Yes, T can climb it, How far up must ! go, master “Get up the main trunk firs, and then 1 will tell you which ‘way to go ~ and here ~ stop! Take the bug with you’ “The gold-bug, master!” cried Jupiter, in some fear.“ Why must T take that?” ‘Do as I tell you! said Legrand, handing him the string ta which che insect was sill ted. “Now, ‘The servant took hold of the string and began to climb. This att of che strange business was not difficult; the tree was old, and its trunk uneven, with a number of good foothoids. Within a short time, the climber was sixty or seventy fect from the ground ‘Keep going up the main trunk, shouted Legrand,’on this side ~ until you reach the seventh branch. Soon Jupiter's voice was heard, saying that he could count six branches below the one on which he was sitting “Now, Jupiter’ cried Legrand, with much excitement, ‘climb out along that branch 25 fat as you can, Tell me if you see anything stange’ you go: “4 ‘When I heard these words, 1 decided, with grea sorrow, that there could now be no doubt about the state of my friend’ niind. 1 fk seriously anxious about getting him home. While T was wondering what was best to be done, Jupiter's voice was heard again ‘Vim getting, along, master; soon be neat the...0-o-oh! God hhave mercy! What is this here?” “Well! cried Legrand, highly excited.“ What is it? “Tes a skull; fixed to the tree with a nail’? “Well now, Jupiter, do exactly as I tell you ~ do you hear?” "Yes, master? ‘Give me your attention, then — find the left eye of the skull, and let the bug drop through it, as far as the string will reach — but be carefull and do not lee go of the string,” “The left eye, master? Yes, yes, I have il I¢5 a very easy thing to put the bug through this hole ~ can you see it there below?" ‘We could now see the insect at the end of the string, shining, Jike a little ball of gold, in the last light of the setting sun. Legrand immediaeely used one of the spades to beat back the bushes and clear a ciscular space, three or four yards across, just below the insect. He ordered Jupiter to let go of the string and come down from the tree My friend now pressed a small stick into the ground at the exact place where the insect fll. He took from his pocket a long tape measure, one end of which he fixed co the trunk of the tree at its nearest point to the stick, He then unrolled the tape, so that it touched the stick and continued outwards for a distance of fifty feet, Jupiter went in fiont of him, clearing away the bushes with a spac. At fifty feet a second stick was pressed into the ground; and around this the ground was again cleared in a rough circle about four fect across. Taking a spade himself, and giving one to Jupiter and one to me, Legrand begged us to begin digging as quickly as possiblete ir stapjnoys Te) tape fom 05 peur pure “Surprou pres ap “yppeane 3 ese sada mo tL) oF sn pasne> pute premdn wast puv plod Jo apd 9 Avy anyes wsoweaid us Surygquran pur PRY 5 pH op APPET toy Hoos ant :pareadde uo jo Buus 281y jods Aqpaeq, pey 2 pue ‘sno 09 sm psf pan san 430 au, axp_ ur amos AqueppAS MoD ssaTS pu plo# Jo sapard 3800] Moy 40 samp ‘ramp Ainp aM sy AREY av Jo apryg ‘oxy sapeds atour ox 20 2UG “BumPOP> paserap oq o> pamadde pnp asnp uss paxmmr aia sor “Ip yduro> om Jo sureurea axp ‘sot0g TEU Aes aN SpuO>RS 289} ‘up App BurBsp ueoq pur >Joy ayp owt padunt oy Ajuoppns, Sop amp jo Burkro aayors axp Aq pardossoaus azann am Woy se, + pue ano ue ‘sdeqpod 405 s2uaqs ut BUeAyp us9q peg 29h sopeds Syuom on 136 uree aM pure ‘payzeut sexe appu> 1aqpoue an poyeur pouumar ayy ay parour puory Spy “son oi cumede ae An ast am: peyonoy yeA98 amp a ng xp paddorp nok yoryas yBnomp,— sofa suet sood ayp jo ypes poypnos romsur — 8 (POU-20}- POOF NOK -parnoys a j[00§ P aeyjoo axpq soutdnf poatos pu no] € yn ‘wayAs ‘uoRIANp sup UF sds Ay ‘ur0y spressoy 2ouaps doap wrt pauams am pur ‘sjoor ay da poyotd somdnf “ysom sty so Struuoq 212 3 YO UMON pry ay YSHR GeO sIy UO Ind APAO[S OEY S24} SH TO 2eaFEp som1g Jo Yoo] e YpE ‘a>epMs arp oy da paquan> Puony Aur wep ay ‘paatadde Sumpou Tag 3925 oma raypoUr 30) sodsap &np 2a re ‘opou afoya axp ano Sup pry ayy ures ueBoq pur ny 2025 s1y pede ‘paruroddiestp Lapa. Keay wBnorppe purse ang “pus ue oe sear asuasuow ayp aeyp adoq uweaq | pur ‘parsar om uaqyy “sou spwais J0 Sunpane Fonaawe morpun 12 aay Jo yrdop e payseax pue ‘sinoy om soy Aupeans xan Sup oy sdeu] aup Jo aeAT OME ST mydpay Sur9q Jo moys vas opeds aqp oye ‘pawxs Apa ssoU sea ay] angl _pUAL 8 atop aarq pynoo J 3 pasar aaey Pymom | staraca ssyuiry soy Ysua ou pey [Span axpRE eee eee eeeee eee eee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeee eee eee eee eeeeee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eae stEe by taking out, and hiding in the bushes, more than half of the heavier pieces. Leaving the dog to guard them, we hurried away with the box. After an extremely tiring journey, we reached the hut in safety at one o'clock in the morning, We rested uncil two, and had supper: and then we returned to the hills with three bags. A litle before four o’clack we artived at the hole, where we divided the rest of the treasure, as equally as possible, among us. We reached the hut, for the second time, just as the {aint light of day appeared over the treetops in the east. Afeee a furcher rest, we examined and sorted the treasure with great care. We soon found that we now possessed wealth far greater than we had originally imagined. In coins there was more than 450,000 dollars. There was not one piece of silver; it was all ancient gold of great variety ~ money from all the counteies of Europe. The value of the jewels and the hundreds of golden plates and cups and rings was more difficult to judge. Their total weight of almost 400 English pounds did not include 197 beautiful gold watches, chree of which were worth at least 500 dollars each. We calculated hat the v ole treasure was worth a rillion and a hf dollars, but we later found dhat the actual value was fae greater. The following evening Legrand gave me a fall account of what had led him to this discovery: "You remember! he said, “the piece of paper on which I drew for you a picture of the insect? ‘The insect that looked tike a skull?" I asked. "Yess well, the paper was, in fact, piece of very fine animal skin. When you gave it back to me, 1, too, saw a skull where 1 had drawn the bug. Bura moment later I saw my desing on the back (of the shin, This was strange; [ was suze thae both sides of the skin, jough dirty, had been unmarked when T made my drawing, “That night, after you had gone, and when Jupiter was fst asleep, | tried to solve the mystery. | remembered that the piece of skin had been found half buried in the sand, near the place ‘where we had canght the insect. Jupiter had picked it up, and used it to take hold of the creatose, which he was affaid might bite him. Thad wrapped the insect in the skin, and carried it like that until we met my friend G—. Then, afier lending him the bug, | must have put the skin, without thinking, into my pocket. "As L sat in deep thought, | remembered another strange fact, It was this: at the place where we had found the insect, I had noticed che ancient wreck of a boat ~ only a few pieces of wood remained — on the shore, So here was a sort of connect wrecked boat, and, neat it, a piece of skin — not paper — with a skull drawn on it. You knows, of course, that the skull is the wstal sign of those who rob at sea — that a flag with the skull on itis raised as they attack. “But, | interrupted, ‘you say that ehe paper ~ or skin — was ‘unmarked when you made your drawing of the insect. How, and when, then, did the skull appear?” “Ah, that was the whole mystery; although it did not remain one for long, Every detail ofthe chain of events came back to my mind. On the evening of your visit the weather was cold (oh, Incky accident! and you were sitting close to the fire, Just a5 T placed the skin in your hand, and as you were about to examine my drawing, che dog entered, and jumped on you. With one hand you played with him, while your other hand, holding the skin, must have fallen cowards the fire, When at last you looked at the skin, you saw a skull drawn theres but my drawing of the insect was on the other side — the side which you did not look at. It seemed reasonable to me, when I thought about the matter that night, to suppose that the heat of the fire had brought out the drawing of the skull. It is well known that certain substances exist, by means of which it is possible to write on paper or skin, so that the letters can be seen only when the paper is heated. The writing disappears, sooner or later, when the material is removed from heat, but always reappears when it is heated 19[uy te am Jt 996 0} aBessoU aMp ye Yoo] MOU PINOYS ANA 3H, st uommmnos sour axp ‘aenueg.ysmU ayy UK spron 2p TIO, - squosandas g ami amp reap @zns sub [oaj wou Aewi 994 ‘28esso1u axoqs sup wr Sate amp pazgHop 81g 20p ae puy ayy om “safe, “arog, «uses, “peed, caeamt,, st ajdwess 20f ‘sprom qons ut “ysyuT wr porgnop usyo Aina st 9 ayp roy — syed um steodde uoyo g oy yp ao 28 sm 397] 9 sane[ 9tf 10 spumas g amy oxp aeUp wom ‘osodns so 397 9 f aNd] TOMES WOU yp "YSU UT MON| INO UF ar noK 31 fe wap MIND 01899 FF sdeupFod Ng “OUTED. 380U fou ot g 2anBy ox wey 29u0 2 aes | 9Aessou amp UL dyuonbasf sso steodde se¢p *uSts 10 ‘aint arp puy o1 st das xou HL, si@ug st pasn afienSury aqp aeyp wea sae ‘amaeass ear sppry Jo aaqjd_ ut ‘pry 20 “weo8 t Jo fiumesp amp 305 ype se migjgord ou st asco su Uy gtianrr aBiessouw amp st enue] ey ul sm st se Anse asm ono sey UonsSNB 15 aL, ‘nip Lemp a[nouyEp azoca somtn pUrsnoyp e suDqHO PIApOs 24e4 | ‘utp purestopwmn 03 att 10) Aseo 9¢ 9prUr seq] 110s SYA Jo SoLaNSAes pea sonoead pay & pur ‘Suvest e axey suas pur sammy DyLp "WEN raAg[9 A198 ¥ JOU sen SuNFEINE ays MOA se 'PPDT 30} 3ynaN7IP £494 20U sf UoNJOS amp, ‘puEIBE pres 226 Puy, | SueoUr itp 2eype puesiapan 09, “1yy 02 ups ayp SuUAMar ‘pres J Stamod Sut puOKeG 5141, SEiger TOT E+ SvIPELE) PRE) RHE IRAIOSLCRY CPSRLRD TES: 18086 T LEPC BL OCMS8P—aS)THiaBER(h Ee TheGUCRh)Fe(RBERETSE FL SS (CODSRTSE ¥980'(s—(H((sza9((soctttes paweadde sufts Surmomoy o4p 3808 aup poe im axp aang utd par uy ous 02 at popury “Sunqeods 0c sem a se ‘uERe uns 2x poresy Buy rnoge ayfinoyp y FuuAap sex we OILY) 21N}e] a4 YptAd Op o> SearyPotIOs sae 248K sey seq ayBMO~ ] puE “Np ypER payer sear a] ay poystan Sum “Urs omp aurarexa 02 panunuo> | 1K 4] aurau0} poo yeas atsos aetp sorpaq, Ait ang ‘34 2 10N, armeaiis ay pur dures ox uoanag, ‘payse 1 jaBessout ou asamp sem ang, dies jeongo Jo puny e se paeadde dor oxp ae jinys o1p em ouwes xp Uy "eapr sup porsasns Auons lungs Jo sand axp jo r2uz09 pueg-aysier wionog ayp ur uoRtsod sor asne2aq ‘ameniis Ars] eames sty yuasoudar sna unre 3p Jo Suymesp oup 2eup paprap Aparerpaunuae | pur ‘ppey miordery mourry oy 30 patsy ancy asar noK “Taga ‘ply 9 — rwo# qeq +30 amnSiy arp [ys aup 09 ausoddo somo ayp ut pasradde axoxp soinumur Ay © UP ‘UPYS Jo asaid axp pareay AqyPnorog. pure ‘ary oy dn aping Afprespotmurr J vapr stp Jo wpHiuans ayp 1892 op, jeyare> pur Toren auuos pourres | ‘21g ayp Wo poos fons oS sean reatrepresents # ‘Look next at the last but one appearance of the group 48 towards the end of the message, We may write the known le like this: 48:(88;4 thet.eeth “We have here the word “the”, followed by parts of two other words. T say to, because there is no English that begins wi possible letters, we fi the word “tree”. The “The group 48 helps us again if we examine its message, We see this arrangement: F4B5(BS:A(E234 48 thetreethr...hthe “The missing letters are, ‘through”, and we now have represented by 4, ?, and 3. show y was not part ‘words. But I did have to make use of edge of this area. Here is |A good glass in Bessop’ cone degrees — northee: east side — shoot line from the tree € Thad heard of a family named Bessop, who were great landowners, at one time, in this part of the country. 1 made carefol enquiries among the older people of the place, and at met a woman of great age 1d be with the family very many years ago. She had heard of a place called Bessop’s Castle, and thought that she could guide me to it, but wa igh rock, We four iy. It was an irregular group of racks — one of the racks being far higher than the others and quite like the tower of a castle in its tower, and sat there wondering what position. Now 1 understood the meaning of the message "The "good glass” seaman’ gh nking glass at all, .cope — to be used from the only possible sor“passed Aqdiuis pey suowsasod puv sume auf, 39457 JO 4) 2up oF soysuesg ou faa oxotp rey a9eF JensMUM AZ3A 2p ‘002 “aoury [3ysmut jue Jo spo. 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PEW APE] Jo aseDsIp aK, ‘S19 JO POOH & apR 0 spurey sty yptas 9085 sm pazanoo per] ALY “pudLay kur on pausm T2U08 pry ays se woos sy op aunos9e you PInoD | 3rqp seay oop pue astudims v poypren 1 -pareaddestp ‘souasard us pooqou Supsey ynorptas “paw ‘pu 3 axp ae oor ax YSNOI Apsop posed (ouew sy sea sep 40) amTPPEW Spey ‘eyods 24 TMA 5H JO re, sa8l3Q] XONSU WED | PEM SSK 00s Auoa amp TP ays, Gate UO aaprefar Syuo pueas a storeroom for gunpowder, or some other dangerous substance. Part of its loot, and the whole of a long passage through which we reached it, were lined with a red metal. The heavy ison door was protected ii che same way. Having placed the box containing the body on a low table, we partly raised its lid and looked at the face inside, I immediately saw that brother and sister were exactly alike, Usher, guessing my thoughts, said that they had been twins, and that deep symp: existed between them. ‘There was a slight colour about her face and aeck,and a faint smile — so terrible in death — on her lips. We did not look at her for long, but put back and nailed the lid, closed the iron door, and made our way back to the upper part of the hone. le was afier three or four days of bitter grief that L noticed a ange in the manner of my friend. His ordinary activities — his books and painting ~ were forgotten. He wandered from rom (© rom, doing nothing, interested in nothing. He grew paler chan ever and the brightness left his eye. There were times when I thought that he had a secret to tell me, and that he Jacked the courage to tell it. At other times he sat for hours, listening with great attention to some imaginary sound, as if expecting something unusual ¢o happen. Is it any wonder that his condition filled me with fear — that I felt che wild influences of his own strange but impressive belief spreading to me? ‘On the seventh or cighth night afer the death of Lady Madeline, I experienced the full power of these feelings. For hours [lay awake, struggling against a sense of fear. I blamed my surroundings — the dusty furniture, the torn curtains which moved about in the wind of a rising storm, the ancient bed on which J lay. Bue my efforts were useless, A¢ last, thoroughly afraid, 1 got up and looked as hard as I could into the darkness of the room. I heard ~ or thought that f heard ~ certain Jow sounds that came, from time to time, through the pauses in the storm. I 30 ssid dressed quickly, since I was trembling; but whether with cold or fear, I do not know. ‘To calm myself | walked quickly backwards and forwards across the room. Thad done this two or three times when there was a gentle knock at my door and Usher entered, carrying a lamp. There was a look of crazy excitement in his eyes. ‘And you have not seen it?’ he cried suddenly.“You have not ~ bone, wait! You shall’ Saying this, and careflly shading his lamp, he hurried to one of the windows, and threw it open to the storm, ‘The force of the wind that entered neatly lifted vs from our feet, But it was not the wind that held our attention, nor the thick clouds that flew in all directions about the house. We had no view of the moon or stars. But the building, and ll the objects around us — even the clouds above — were shining in a strange, unnatural light, This light poured from the walls and from the waters of the lake, “You must not = you shall not look at this! I said, as I led him from the window to a seat."This light, which troubles you, is just an electrical disturbance of the air and nor uncommon. Let us close the window; the wind is cold and dangerous to your health. Here is one of your favourite books. I will read, and you shall listen; and so we shall pass chis terrible night together’ began to read, and Usher listened, or appeared to listen, with great attention, It was a wellknown story by Sir Launcelot Canning. After [ had been reading for eight or ten minutes, I reached the part where the chief character forces his way into the home of his enemy. At this point the story goes on as follows: “And Ethelred lifted his sword, and struck the door with heavy blows, He cracked, and broke, and tore it apart, so that the noise of the dry and hollow-sounding wood seemed to fill che forest? At the end of this sentence I paused. I thoughe that I could hear, though faintly, just such a noise, like breaking wood. It seemed to come from some distant part of the house. It must 31