Relative pronoun as ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 81 3-3 CASE OF RELATIVE PRONOUNS INTRODUCING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES Person Thing subject “ovis of verb Object of preposition Possessive. The doctor who (or that) came to see the sick woman gave her some medicine, The doctor whom (or that) they had called was delayed because of a traffic accident, Informal: The doctor (who) they had called was delayed because of a traffic accident. The doctor to whom she sent her friend is a well-known specialist. Informal: The doctor who(m) she sent her friend to is a well-known specialist The doctor she sent her friend to is a well- known specialist The doctor, whose office was newly deco- rated, started to charge higher fees. ‘The tree which (or that) was planted last year already has blossoms. ‘The tree which (or that) his father planted last year already has blossoms. Informal: The tree his father planted last year already has blossoms. The tree under which he is standing is a very old one. Informal: The tree which (or that) he is stand ing under is a very old one. or ‘The tree he is standing under is a very old one. That tree, the branches of which are almost bare now, is a very old one. Informal: That tree, whose branches are almost bare, is a very old one. ‘That is used for persons and things in restrictive clauses only. ‘The relative pronoun may be omitted only in restrictive clauses. Change the second sentence in each group of sentences into an adjective clause and insert in the space in the first sentence. Be careful of the punctuation of the adjective clauses. Observe formal usage. EXAMPLE: iE 2 4. The police finally arrested the thieves ‘great train robbery who had participated in the The thieves had participated in the great train robbery. The musicians arrived very late because of the storm. The company had hired them for the office party. The rains The farmers were expecting them. Abstract art representation. Many people do not understand abstract art, ‘The premise ‘eame too late to save the crops. is concerned with esthetic form rather than th graphic is not a very tenable one. He based his arguments on #ATIVE SPEAKERS. Part u 62 MODERN ENGLISH: EXERCISES FOR NoN-! 5, The car —uaty bene sopPed PY the cheering crowds ‘was cont The President was riding in the ca- peel a =the theft to the police. ‘was reluctant to repol LSS His money had been stolen. 7. The Browns were greatly imp! essed by the brilliance of Mr- Jones, the young author ‘They had just been introduced to him. She peo Tio be a great disappointment. turned ou TO They had heard him praised very highly. 24 RELATIVE PRONOUNS At -38JECTS OF PREPOSITIONS ntences iu & adjective clause and insert it into, Change the second sentence in each group of ser idjec forms of the adjective clause. first sentence. Use both the formal and the informal EXAMPLE: a. The company employs many people. She works for the company. The company for which she works employs many people. The company (which) she works for employs many people. b. Prof. Emery ___ has written a very controversial book. Everyone js talking about him these days. Prof. Emery, about whom everyone is talking these days, has written a very controversial book. Prof. Emery, who(m) everyone is talking about these days, has written a very controversial book 1. The house is ver The Taylors live in the house. ry old, eee See 2. The fire 38 Now under control. re The Fire Department has been fighting agaiust it for several hi jours, ee —— TT en 3. The bank — Y Thave just borrowed some money fromig” \“'Y liable.ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 83 4. My father-in-law Tan always depend on him for help is lending me some money for a new house. SS Tlisten to it whenever I play my recone. is great piece of music 6, He has gotten himself into a dange . He has no control over this stuasno tation lation, =a 7. The Empire State Buildi . art mB——____is one of the tallest buildings in We are just going into this building. 8. The Rocky Mountains We will soon be flying over them. are very beautiful. 9, He picked up the toy His son was playing with the toy. 10. The enemies are poverty and injustice. Every country fights against these enemies. ‘11. The street is a very busy one, Our store is located on that street.2s, Part II VE SPEAKERS. oy MODERN ENGLISH: EXERCISES FOR WON-NATI 3-5 RELATIVE PRONOUNS PATTERNING LIKE SOME OF WHICH hich is preceded by the word it wi + an of phrase Wi after pronouns of indefinite be in is especially common .d as nouns. ‘A relative pronoun may refers to. This construction quantity and after superlatives use ‘ome of whom came ‘ke a special orientation prog} any shows, f which is the present one. id ‘ame from other countries, The new students, S ner were required to tal This nightclub has put on m the most spectacular 0} suction may also be used with other types of nouns. Thi the title of which intrigued them, They decided to see the movie at const tthe Bijou, ve fo. of which—One of his books, the le ;, Whose ma) bean alternati’ Path CF ) the moment, tells all about the “lost title of which (or whose title) escapes me at continent.” In each group of sentences, change the second sentence into an adjective clause and insert it in thy blank in the first sentence. Use commas for the adjective clause. EXAMPLE: The toys, most of which ad heen damaged in transit, were returned to the manufacturer. Most of them had been damaged in transi 1, The members of the band —_ ‘came from all parts of the city. The majority of them were amateurs. 2. She hurried home to feed her cats. a ‘One of them had just had kittens. 3. The president appointed a special committee The chairman of the committee was to rej port to him periodi 4. Their apartment iim periodically. =————___ was one of the n — - ‘The windows of their apartment faced the river |" (B® building. 5. This old book o Fs had a great ene The author of the book is unkeoey tene® Oo” Me. 6. The iren mn. Trae Peg ea ————— The tales of them wet 100k for something to wand on them could not Teach the shelf wh ere the cookies wer re,ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 5B 7, The storekeeper inthe neighborhood Seieral of them hed already bag zoppcq— Sted for more police protcton 8, The residents oe All of their homes had bese qe? &Y the Red Cros, 36 NUMBER OF THE VERB AFTER A PHRASE BEGINNING WITH OWE OF THE This is one of the best books that (or whichi (Antecedent is the plural Bookass ) have ever been written, This is the only one of our books that (or which) (Antecedent is the singul ) has been written by an African author, lar the only one.) Change the first sentence in each group to an adjective clause and insert it into the blank in the second sentence. 1, Some members are afraid to go ahead with the fund-raising dance. ‘Mr. Brown is one of those members ee ee eee Mr. Brown is afraid to go ahead with the fund-raising dance. Hes the only one of the members x 3. Some novels are truly monumental, War and Peace is one of the few novels 4, War and Peace is truly monumental. War and Peace is the only one of the novels in my library 5. Some students have failed the final examination. Hes one of the students He has failed the final examination. He is the only one of the students used in place ofthe plural verb inthe adjective clause after a phrase 'in informal usage, a singular verb is frequently F eaehe thet bay ever been wntien ‘eainning with one of the—This is one of the best boo!