Abdominal Part -

stomach

Introduction :

widest and most distensible

9T in the
part of alimentary
o

canal between the

esophagus and
the duodenum .

Functions stomach
of
°

are :

( as forms a reservoir
of food .

(
b, Mixes
food with
gastric secretions to form chyme .

Controls rate
g delivery og chyme
.

id , Hu
destroys bacteria
ie , Castle 's Intrinsic
factor present in
gastric juice helps in

absorb lion wit Biz in small intestine

og
.

Location :

Situated abdomen
upper left part of occupying left
°
in

hypochondriac umbilical
, and
Epigastric regions -

gt extends
obliquely from left hypochondriac to
°

run
.

epigastric region
.

Hypochondria
sheep e :
Epigastric
o gt in
mostly I -

shaped .

umbilical -

left
lumbar

Can
differ
°

( Al Reversed L -

shaped
( Bl I -

shaped
(c) Semi Lunar

( D) steer -
Horn .

Size &
Capacity :

inches
(
b , at
lpuberty - 1000 m '

o
length - 10

At birth 30mL lot In adults = 1.5 to 2 L

Capacity
-
• =
 External features :

o Gt
presents following external features :

( as Two ends : cardiac &

Pyloric
(b) Two curvatures : Greater & lesser

(c) Two surfaces :

Anterior ( Ant superior ) . and Posterior ( post .

inferior)
• The cardiac end of stomach in

less mobile and less likely to

vary position whereas

pyloric end
stomach mobile
of in more .

Parts :

( is Cardiac part ( or cordial

121 Fundus
( 31 Body Pyloric Anthem
1-
( 41 Pyloric Part -

f- Pyloric canal
(
pylorus

Relations :

°
The stomach we covered by the peritoneum except where blood
vessels run
along its curvature and a small area [ Bare Area)
posteriorly near the cardiac orifice .

• Peritoneal folds extending from lesser &

greater curvatures
of
stomach to other structures are as follows :

extends lesser curvature stomach

from
' ' '
to
a
of
wer '

12) Grattan ,
extends from lower yard g
greater curvature to transverse colon .
 is ,
Ggament ,
extends
from the

upper one - third ( funders ) to spleen .

14 , Gastro phrenic ligament -

trends to
Diaphragm
-

Visceral Relations
in Anterior ( Antero superior surface ) :
→

/
(
Right )

"t: Inst::
" " "
author , .

[ Anterior [ stomach Bed ]

Relations ) ca, Diaphragm
( Lower Part )
(
b,
left kidney
cc ,
left suprarenal gland
(d) Pancreas

(e) Transverse colon .

f- s left colic flexure

( g, splenic Artery .

} '
Speer .

[ Posterior Relations
I [ stomach Bed 7 -

fig :

Junction
Histology
-
section
through
btw stomach &
duodena m

o The wall y stomach consists 4 coats .

( e 's Serous -
Peritoneum
Muscular
(2) -
3
Layers .

131 Sub mucous

( 41 Mucous
 Interior g stomach :

( is
Gastric folds I Rugae
(2) Gastric pits depressions
( small on

mucosal
surface in which glands open )
(3) Gastric canal 1- Magen strasse ]

Arterial Supply -
:
Branch g

"I
left gastric Artery [ Coeliac trunk ]
(2) Right gastric Artery [ Common hepatic A ]
is , left Gastroepiploic A .

[ Splenic A ] .

14, Right Gastro epiploic A [ Gastro duodenal .

Aig
151 short
gastric Ar [ splenic Ao )

(5 -
7 in number )

Venous drainage
in left &
Right Gastric Mein

left Right Gastnoepiploic Yo

&
es

(3) Short gastric Yo

③is
lymphatic Drainage :
I
° Divided into 4 area
in
with Nodes ④
§
various .
 Nerve
Sepp ly
°

Supplied by both
sympathetic &
Parasympathetic .

Sympathetic
Derived Greater splanchnic Nerves Coeliac
from to
°

76 Tio via ,

and Hepatic plexuses .

stomach Vasomotor
Supply to
°

in Las

(b) Motor to pyloric sphincter

Inhibitory Gastric
cc , to
Remaining mm.qg.la .

id , Chief pathway stomach

for pain in .

Parasympathetic
Directly from Magus N
°
.

Three branches Anto loyal : Branches Posterior

Vagal
o
og g
o
:

branch Coeliac branch

Hepatic
' " in

( 21 Coeliac branch 121 Nerve 9 Grassi

la
(3) Gastric branch Internee g tant et -

13 , Gastric Branch .
Applied :

⑨ MedNmed notes . in )