Case Studies

NAME: MAX MARKS:

GRADE: XII TIME :
SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS

Matrices

Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Three schools A, B and C organized a mela for collecting funds for helping the rehabilitation of flood victims.
They sold handmade fans, mats, and plates from recycled material at a cost of ₹ 25, ₹ 100 and ₹ 50 each. The
number of articles sold by school A, B, C are given below.

Article School A B C
Fans 40 25 35
Mats 50 40 50
Plates 20 30 40

i. Represent the sale of handmade fans, mats and plates by three schools A, B and C and the sale prices
(in ₹) of given products per unit, in matrix form.
ii. Find the funds collected by school A, B and C by selling the given articles.
iii. If they increase the cost price of each unit by 20%, then write the matrix representing new price.

Sol:
2. Three friends Ravi, Raju and Rohit were doing buying and selling of stationery items in a market.
The price of per dozen of Pen, Notebook and toys are Rupees x, y and z respectively.
Ravi purchases 4 dozens of notebooks and sells 2 dozens of pens and 5 dozens of toys. Raju
purchases 2 dozens of toy and sells 3 dozens of pens and 1 dozen of notebooks. Rohit purchases one
dozen of pens and sells 3 dozens of notebooks and one dozen of toys.
In the process, Ravi, Raju and Rohit earn ₹ 1500, ₹ 100 and ₹400 respectively.
Answer the following questions using the matrix method:

i. What is the price of one dozen of pens?

ii. What is the total price of one dozen of pens and one dozen of notebooks?

iii. What is the sale amount of Ravi?

iv. What is the amount of purchases made by all three friends?

v. What is the price of sales made by all three friends?

Answer Key:

i. ₹ 100
ii. ₹ 300
iii. ₹ 1200
iv. ₹ 1500
v. ₹ 2700

3. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited is an Indian multinational pharmaceutical company

headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, that manufactures and sells pharmaceutical
formulations and active pharmaceutical ingredients in more than 100 countries across the globe.
Sun Pharmaceutical produces three final chemical products P1 P2 , and P3 requiring mixup of
three raw material chemicals M1, M2 and M3 . The per unit requirement of each product for
each material (in litres) is as follows:
 (i) Find the total requirement of each material if the firm produces 100 litres of each product,
(ii) Find the per unit cost of production of each product if the per unit of materials M1, M 2 , and
M3 are `Rs 5, ` Rs10 and `Rs 5 respectively, and
(iii) Find the total cost of production if the firm produces 200 litres of each product.
Ans:
i. Ans: [ 800 900 800]
ii. [17000]
iii. [34000]

4. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Consider 2 families A and B. Suppose there are 4 men, 4 women and 4 children in family A and
2 men, 2 women and 2 children in family B. The recommended daily amount of calories is 2400
for a man, 1900 for a woman, 1800 for children and 45 grams of proteins for a man, 55 grams for
a woman and 33 grams for children.

i. Represent the requirement of calories and proteins for each person in matrix form.
ii. Find the requirement of calories of family A and requirement of proteins of family B.
iii. Represent the requirement of calories and proteins If each person increases the protein
intake by 5% and decrease the calories by 5% in matrix form.

OR

If A and B are two matrices such that AB = B and BA = A, then find A2 + B2 in terms of A and
Sol:
Probability
 36.Case-Study 3: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.

There are two antiaircraft guns, named as A and B. The probabilities that the shell fired from
them hits an airplane are 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. Both of them fired one shell at an airplane
at the same time.
i. What is the probability that the shell fired from exactly one of them hit the plane?
ii. If it is known that the shell fired from exactly one of them hit the plane, then what is
the probability that it was fired from B?

3. Case-Study 3: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.

In a test, Lakshmi, an examinee either guesses or copies or knows the answer to a multiple-choice question with four
choices. The probability that she makes a guess is 1/3 and the probability that she copies the answer is 1/6. The
probability that her answer is correct, given that she copied it is 1/8.
a. What is the probability that her answer is correct?
b. Find the probability that she knew the answer to the question, given that she correctly
answered it.

Sol:

E1: Examine guesses the answer to the question.

E2: Examine copies the answer to the question.
E3: Examine know the answer to the question.
2. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
In pre-board examination of class XII, commerce stream with Economics and Mathematics of
a particular school, 50% of the students failed in Economics, 35% failed in Mathematics and
25% failed in both Economics and Mathematics. A student is selected at random from the
class.

i. Find the probability that the selected student has failed in Economics, if it is
known that he has failed in Mathematics?
ii. Find the probability that the selected student has failed in Mathematics, if it is
known that he has failed in Economics?
2. In pre-board examination of class XII, commerce stream with Economics and
Mathematics of a particular school, 50% of the students failed in Economics, 35%
failed in Mathematics and 25% failed in both Economics and Mathematics. A student
is selected at random from the class.

i. Find the probability that the selected student has failed in Economics, if it is
known that he has failed in Mathematics?
ii. Find the probability that the selected student has failed in Mathematics, if it is
known that he has failed in Economics?
Sol:
 Applications Of Derivatives
1. Mrs. Maya is the owner of a high-rise residential society having 50 apartments. When he set
rent at ₹10000/month, all apartments are rented. If he increases rent by ₹250/ month, one
fewer apartment is rented. The maintenance cost for each occupied unit is ₹500/month.

i. If P is the rent price per apartment and N is the number of rented apartments, then find
the profit.
ii. If x represents the number of apartments which are not rented, then express profit as a
function of x.
iii. Find the number of apartments which are not rented so that profit is maximum.

2. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

The Government declare that farmers can get ₹300 per quintal for their onions on 1st July and after
that, the price will be dropped by ₹3 per quintal per extra day. Govind's father has 80 quintals of
onions in the field on 1st July and he estimates that the crop is increasing at the rate of 1 quintal per
day.

i. If x is the number of days after 1 July, then express price and quantity of onion and the
st

revenue as a function of x.
ii. Find the number of days after 1st July, when Govind's father attains maximum revenue.
iii. On which day should Govind's father harvest the onions to maximize his revenue?

Sol:

4. Case-Study 2: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.

An online retail company ships its products in the cartons. The lower part of each carton is made from a rectangular sheet
of card board of dimension 45 inch by 24 inch, by cutting off square from each corner and folding up the flaps.
(i) If 𝑥 inch is the length of each square to be cutoff, write the volume function in terms of 𝑥.
(ii) Find the critical point of the function.
(iii) Use First derivative Test to find 𝑥 that maximize the volume and also find the maximum volume.

OR
(iv) Use Second Derivative Test to find 𝑥 that maximize the volume also find the maximum volume.
 5. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A gardener wants to construct a rectangular bed of garden in a circular patch of land. He takes the
maximum perimeter of the rectangular region as possible. (Refer to the images given below for
calculations)

a. Find the perimeter of rectangle in terms of any one side and radius of circle.
b. Find critical points to maximize the perimeter of rectangle?
c. Check for maximum or minimum value of perimeter at critical point.
d. OR

If a rectangle of the maximum perimeter which can be inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm is

square, then the perimeter of region.

Sol: