The Impact of Cannabis on Cardiovascular Health

Emilie Eaton

December 15, 2023

Hannah Brazeau

ENL1813S_300

Introduction

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The increase in the legalization of cannabis has sparked discussions relating to its effects on the

human body and wether or not it can be considered safe, my particular interest is in relation to

cardiovascular health. As the subject of cannabis becomes less taboo and becomes normalized,

concerns about its potential impact on the cardiovascular system have come to light. This essay

aims to explore the existing discussions on the effects of cannabis on cardiovascular health,

highlighting both the potential risks and benefits. Examining acute and long-term effects,

contributing factors, and the potential differences between THC and CBD.

Studies on Cannabis and Heart Disease

Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between cannabis use and heart disease.

Some research suggests a potential link between smoking cannabis and an increased risk of heart

disease and heart failure. However, other studies can be negligible and argue that it is still too

early to draw definitive conclusions, emphasizing the need for further research to establish a

clear understanding of the potential cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis consumption

(Duke Medicine Health News, 2018). Contributing factors play a huge role in determining if

cannabis is effecting your health, these factors include, Age, pre-existing heart conditions, and

the method of cannabis consumption. Being able to keep these factors and mind is crucial in

being able to asses potential risks individulas can face, as different health conditions may

respond differently to cannabis use. While cannabis can be consumed in various forms, smoking

is often associated with the most negative cardiovascular effects as it is closely associated with

the same effects as tobacco smoking. The inhalation of cannabis smoke has been linked to an

immediate increase in heart rate and blood pressure, raising concerns about the acute impact on

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cardiovascular function compared to alternative consumption methods like edibles which have

been found less severe (Havard Medical School, 2022).

Acute and Long-lasting Cardiovascular Effects

One consistent finding in the articles is the instant increase in heart rate and blood pressure after

cannabis consumption. This suggests that, even if the long-term effects are still under debate,

there is a measurable impact on cardiovascular parameters in the short term. Continuous use of

cannabis has been linked to long-term hypertension, raising concerns about the chronic effects on

cardiovascular health. Daily cannabis use has been associated with a 34% increased likelihood of

developing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), emphasizing the importance of understanding the

potential risks for individuals who engage in frequent cannabis consumption. Interestingly,

monthly cannabis use did not show a significant connection to an increase in CAD, suggesting a

correlation in not only consumption but the relationship between frequency of use (Napoli,

2023).

THC vs. CBD

Differentiating between the active compounds in cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and

cannabidiol (CBD), is crucial in understanding their distinct effects on cardiovascular health.

THC has been associated with more pronounced side effects, including the narrowing of blood

vessels, which may contribute to the increased risk of heart-related issues (Napoli, 2023). In

contrast, CBD has shown potential anti-inflammatory properties on the cardiovascular system

and has been found to induce vasodilation, promoting the widening of blood vessels. This

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vasodilatory effect is particularly noteworthy, as it may enhance blood flow, a key factor in

maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system (Havard Medical School, 2022).

Potential Benefits of Cannabis on Cardiovascular Health

Althought talking about the negative effects cannabis has on the health, there are indications that

cannabis, particularly CBD, may offer certain benefits to cardiovascular health. CBD's anti-

inflammatory properties and its ability to induce vasodilation suggest a potential role in

maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system. Additionally, cannabis may help regulate blood

pressure, offering potential therapeutic benefits for individuals with low blood pressure (Napoli,

2023).

Implications for Cardiovascular Technicians

Due to the normalization and easy access of this drug theres a new found importance of

understanding its effects on cardiovascular health for us future healthcare professionals,

particularly cardiovascular technicians. With cannabis influencing both heart rate and blood

pressure, being able to accurately provide readings becomes crucial as well as being able to

provide accurate monitoring and assess patients' overall cardiovascular health. Awareness of the

potential impact of cannabis use on cardiovascular parameters allows healthcare professionals to

take appropriate steps in providing comprehensive care and guidance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the effects of cannabis on cardiovascular health remain a complex and evolving

topic, as different studies present varying perspectives on the matter. Some studies suggest a

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connection between cannabis use and heart disease, others highlight the need for further research

to establish conclusive evidence. Age, pre-existing conditions, and the choice of consumption

play the top roles in determining the impact of cannabis. As cannabis becomes more widely

accepted and used, healthcare professionals, including cardiovascular technicians, must stay

informed to accurately assess and address the potential risks and benefits associated with its

consumption. Only through a comprehensive understanding can healthcare providers take

proactive steps to monitor and safeguard the cardiovascular health of individuals who engage in

cannabis use.

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 References

Duke Medicine Health News. (2018, April). ,Effects of Marijuana on the Heart Remain

Uncertain: Growing acceptance of marijuana is likely to increase its use by people of all

ages. What this will mean for patients with heart disease or its risk factors is largely

unknown. , - YouTube. Retrieved December 15, 2023, from https://go-gale-

com.algonquin.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=ko_acd_ac&id=GALE

%7CA585353467&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-AONE&asid=4d213643

Havard Medical School. (2022, Janurary 19). Marijuana and heart health: What you

need to know. , - YouTube. Retrieved December 15, 2023, from https://go-gale-

com.algonquin.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=ko_acd_ac&id=GALE

%7CA585353467&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-AONE&asid=4d213643

Napoli, N. (2023, February 24). Frequent Marijuana Use Linked to Heart Disease.

American College of Cardiology. Retrieved December 15, 2023, from

https://www.acc.org/About-ACC/Press-Releases/2023/02/23/18/53/Frequent-Marijuana-

Use-Linked-to-Heart-Disease