MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

Class-12 Moving Charges & Magnetism

Practice Question & worksheet for chapter 4

1. A cell is connected between two points of a uniformly thick circular conductor. i1 and
i2 are the currents flowing in two parts of the circular conductor of radius a. The
magnetic field at the centre of the loop will be
μ0 μ0 μ0
(a) zero (b) (i1 - i 2 ) (c) (i1 + i 2 ) (d) (i1 + i 2 )
4π 2a a
Ans. (a)
Let !1, !2 be the lengths of the two parts PRQ and PSQ of the conductor and r be the
resistance per unit length of the conductor. The resistance of the portion PRQ will be
R1 = !1r

l2

S O Q

P l1
R

The resistance of the portion PSQ will be R2 = !2r

Pot. diff. across P and Q = I1R1 = I2R2
or I1!1r = I2!2r or I1!1 = I2!2 ...(i)
Magnetic field induction at the centre O due to currents through circular conductors
PRQ and PSQ will be
µ 0 I1! 1 sin 90º µ 0 I 2 ! 2 sin 90º
= B1 – B2 = - =0
4p r2 4p r2
2. Which of the following graphs, shows the variation of magnetic induction B with
distance r from a long wire carrying a current?

B B
(a) (b)

r r
 B B
(c) (d)

r r
Ans. (c)
µ 0i 1
B= or Ba
2pr r
3. A length of wire carries a steady current. It is bent first to form a circular plane coil of
one turn. The same length is now bent more sharply to give a double loop of smaller
radius. The magnetic field at the centre caused by the same current is
(a) quarter of its first value (b) unaltered
(c) four times of its first value (d) half of its first value
Ans. (c)
The magnetic field at centre of circular coil is
μ 0 2πni
B=
4π r
where 2pr = ! = length of wire & n is number of turn
It is given that 2pr1 = = 2(2pr2) Þ r2 = r1/2
μ 0 2π ×1× i
So B1 at centre =
4π r1
μ 0 2π × 2 × 2 × i
B2 at centre =
4π r1
B2 2 ´ 2
so = Þ B2 = 4B1
B1 1

As y is independent of m, hence both the trajectories will be equally curved.

4. A proton of mass 1.67 × 10–27 kg and charge 1.6 × 10–19 C is projected with a speed
of 2 × 106 ms–1 at an angle of 60º to the X-axis. If a uniform magnetic field of 0.104
tesla is applied along Y-axis, the path of proton is
(a) a circle of radius = 0.2 m and time period = 2p × 10–7 s
(b) a circle of radius = 0.1 m and time period = 2p × 10–7 s
(c) a helix of radius = 0.1 m and time period = 2p × 10–7 s

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 (d) a helix of radius = 0.2 m and time period = 2p × 10–7 s
Ans. (c)
Since the proton is entering the magnetic field at some angle other that 90º, its path
is helix.
Component velocity of proton along X-axis, vx = v cos 60° = 2 × 106 × ½ = 106 ms–1.
Due to component velocity nx, the radius of the helix described is given by the relation

mv x 1.67 ´ 10 -27 ´ 10 6
r= = = 0.1 m.
qB 1.6 ´ 10 -19 ´ 0.104
Y

B v

q
X

2pr 2p´ 0.1

Now, T = =
6
= 2p × 10–7 s.
vx 10
5. If a long hollow copper pipe carries a direct current, the magnetic field associated with
the current will be
(a) only inside the pipe (b) only outside the pipe
(c) neither inside nor outside the pipe (d) both inside and outside the pipe
Ans. (b)
According to Ampere’s law ò B • dl = µ 0 i
To any closed path inside pipe, there will be no current enclosed. So B inside pipe is
zero.
Only, there would be field outside the pipe.
6. A positively charged particle moving due east enters a region of uniform magnetic field
directed vertically upwards. This particle will
(a) get deflected in vertically upward direction
(b) move in circular path with an increased speed
(c) move in a circular path with decreased speed
(d) move in a circular path with uniform speed

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Ans. (d)
When a positively charged particle enters in a region of uniform magnetic field
directed vertically upwards, it experiences a centripetal force which makes the particle
to move in circular path with a uniform speed. (in anticlockwise direction)
7. The work done by a magnetic field, on a moving charge is
! !
(a) zero because F acts parallel to v
! !
(b) positive because F acts perpendicular to v
! !
(c) zero because F acts perpendicular to v
! !
(d) negative because F acts parallel to v
Ans. (c)
! ! "! !
Force on moving charge while moving in magnetic field is F = q(v ´ B) ; where F is
!
perpendicular to v . Work done = 0
8. A solenoid of 1.5 metre length and 4.0 cm diameter possesses 10 turns per cm. A
current of 5 ampere is flowing through it. The magnetic field at the axis inside the
solenoid is :
(a) 2p × 103 Tesla (b) 2p × 106 Tesla (c) 4p × 103 Gauss (d) 2p × 103 Gauss
Ans. (a)
Magnetic field at the axis inside the solenoid is given by
B = μ0ni,where n = number of turns per unit length.
µ0 = 4p´ 10-7 TA -1m,

n = 10cm-1 = 1000m-1 ,i = 5amp.

B = (4p´10-7 )(1000)(5) = 2p´10-3 T

9. A direct current flows through a solenoid, entering in an anticlockwise sense at the
end A. This solenoid, made to float on still water will :
(a) have the end A point towards north
(b) have the end A point towards south
(c) stay in any point towards south
(d) move in a straight line with constant velocity
Ans. (a)

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 When the current flows in anticlockwise direction the end A will behave as north pole.
The north of a magnet always aligns itself along the north of earth.
10. An infinite long straight conductor is bent in the shape shown in fig. It carries a current
i amp and the radius of circular loop is r m. Then the magnetic induction at the centre
of the circular loop will be :

r
O

µ 0i µ 0i
(a) (p - 1) (b) (p + 1) (c) zero (d) none of these
2pr 2pr
Ans. (a)
Magnetic induction at the centre of loop is due to loop itself & due to straight wire.
Magnetic field due to loop
= µ 0i in downward direction
2r
Magnetic field due to straight wire
= µ 0i in upward direction
2pr
As the direction of these field are opposite,
Net field = µ0i - µ0i = µ0i (p - 1)
2r 2pr 2pr
11. A charge particle enters a magnetic field at an angle of 45° with the magnetic field.
The path of the particle will be :
(a) helical (b) an ellipse (c) a circle (d) a straight line
Ans. (a)
When a charged particle enters a magnetic field at an angle of 45° with the magnetic
field, it experiences a forces acting on it. This force is due to
V sin q

q
V cos q V cosq
a component of its velocity acting perpendicular to the field. The value of this force is
Bqvsinθ. Since this force always acts perpendicular to the velocity-field plane, the path

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 of the charge becomes circular. Apart from this circular motion, the charge also moves
forward with vθcosθ velocity in forward direction along the field. So the particle has
circular as well as linear motion simultaneously. Its path therefore becomes helical.
12. Two circular, similar, coaxial loops carry equal current in the same direction as shown
in figure. If the loops are brought nearer, what will happen?

N N
S S

(a) Current will increase in each loop

(b) Current will decrease in each loop
(c) Current will remain same in each loop
(d) Current will increase in one and decrease in the other
Ans. (b)

N S N
S

In the two coils shown in the figure, current is flowing in anti clockwise direction. Each
face of the coil acts as magnetic pole as shown in the figure. The coil will attract each
other due to attraction between N and S. If we bring them together then according to
Lenz law, e.m.f. will be induced in both of them so that their movement is resisted. It
is possible only when a current in them is reduced . So the net result is reduction of
current in both of them.
13. Two long parallel wires are at a distance of 1 metre. Both of them carry one ampere
of current. The force of attraction per unit length between the two wires is
(a) 2 × 10–7 N/m (b) 2 × 10–8 N/m (c) 5 × 10–8 N/m (d) 10–7 N/m
Ans. (a)
µ 2i i l
F = 0 ´ 1 2 = 10 -7 ´ 2 ´1´ l ´ l
4p r 1

= 2 × 10–7 N/m.
[This relates to the definition of ampere]

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14. A very long straight wire carries a current I. At the instant when a charge + Q at point
P has velocity v , as shown, the force on the charge is
Y

(a) along OY (b) opposite to OY (c) along OX (d) opposite to OX

Ans. (a)
Ù
The direction of B is along ( - k )
\ The magnetic force
F = Q( v ´ B) = Q( vî ) ´ B(-k̂ ) = QvBĵ

Þ along OY.
15. A positive charged particle is moving with velocity v enters into a region of space
having a constant magnetic induction B. The particle will experience the largest
deflection force when the angle between the vector A and B is :
(a) 0° (b) 45° (c) 90° (d) 180°
Ans. (c)
! "!
! F = q(v ´ B) force max when q = 90°
16. Two parallel wires are carrying electric currents of equal magnitude and in the same
direction. They exert :
(a) an attractive force on each other
(b) a repulsive force on each other
(c) no force on each other
(d) a relationship for due on each other
Ans. (a)
According to Fleming’s Left Hand Rule

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17. In a mass spectrograph, an ion x of mass number 24 and charge + e and another ion y
of mass 22 and charge + 2e enter in a perpendicular magnetic field with the same
velocity. The ratio for the radii of their circular path in the field will be :
(a) 24/11 (b) 11/24 (c) 22/11 (d) 11/22
Ans. (a)
mv
The radius of a charged particle, moving in a magnetic field B is given by r = !!"
qB
r1 24 v B ´ 2 24
= ´ =
r2 1e ´ B 22 ´ v 11 .

18. A magnetic field is present, the direction of which is perpendicular to the plane of the
paper from the top to bottom. An electron is projected into the field in the plane of
paper with a constant velocity. Looking in the initial direction of motion of the
electron, as it enters the magnetic field, it would :
(a) move perpendicular to the plane of the paper on a circular path upwards
(b) move perpendicular to the plane of the paper on a circular path towards right
(c) move in the plane of the paper on a circular path towards the left
(d) move perpendicular to the plane of the paper on a circular path downwards.
Ans. (c)
!!"
ˆ
B is along (- k) .
! ˆ
v is along (- i) .
! !
F = v ´ B = ˆi ´ (-k)
ˆ

So the electron would be deflected towards left. It would move in a circular path in
the plane of paper in anticlockwise direction.
19. If a long copper ring carries a direct current, the magnetic field associated with the
current will be :
(a) only inside the pipe (b) only outside the pipe
(c) both inside and outside the pipe (d) neither inside nor outside the pipe
Ans. (b)
If a long hollow copper wire carries a direct current, then the magnetic field associated
with it lies only outside the pipe. This is in accordance with Biot-Savart’s law.
20. A galvanometer can be converted into an ammeter by using

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 (a) low resistance in series (b) low resistance in parallel
(c) high resistance in series (d) high resistance in parallel
Ans. (b)
By using low resistance in parallel to a galvanometer; it can be converted into an
Ammeter.
The purpose of an ammeter is to show the amount of current passing through the
circuit. Therefore maximum current is required to flow through the conductor. In
order to do that, low resistance in parallel is to be connected.
21. A charge q moves in a circular path of radius r with a speed of v. Calculate the induction
of the magnetic field produced at the centre of the circle.
Sol. The equivalent current in the circular path is
q q qv
i= = =
t 2p(r / v) 2pr
Hence, the induction of the magnetic field at the centre of the circle is
µ0 I æ µ0 ö qv
B= =
2R çè 4p ÷ø r 2
Tesla (along the axis).
22. A wire of length 5.0 cm carries a current of 3.0 A; kept in an external uniform magnetic
field of magnitude 10-3 Wb m -2 . Calculate the magnetic force exerted on the wire, if
!
the wire is inclined at 30° with B.
! ! !
Sol. The force is given by the vector relation, F = i l ´ B
! !
\ F = il Bsin q , where θ is the angle between l and B

F = (3.0A) ´ (5 ´ 10-2 m) ´ (10-3 Wb m-2 ) ´ 0.5 = 7.5 ´ 10-5 N

! !
The direction of this force is perpendicular to the plane which contains both l and B
23. The force between two magnetic poles in air is 9.604 mN. If one pole is 10 times
stronger than the other, calculate the pole strength of each if distance between two
poles is 0.1 m?

µ mm 10-7 ´ m ´ 10m
Sol. Force between poles F = 0 12 2 or 9.604 ´ 10-3 =
4p r 0.1´ 0.1
Or m2 = 96.04 N2T-2 or m = 9.8N / T
Strength text miss 10 – 01 N/1

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24. A bar magnet of length 0.1 m has a pole strength of 50 Am. Calculate the magnetic
field at a distance of 0.2 m from its centre on its equatorial line.
µ0 M 10-7 ´ 50 ´ 0.1 5 ´ 10-7
Bequl = = =
4p 3 3 3
2 2 2
(r + l ) 2 2 2
(0.2 + 0.05 ) (0.04 + 0.0025) 2 Bequl - 5.7 ´ 10-5
Sol. or
25. Two identical bar magnets each of length L and pole strength m are placed at right
angles to each other with the north pole of one touching the south pole of other.
Evaluate the magnetic moment of the system.

Sol. M1 = M 2 = mL

p
\ M R = M12 + M 22 + 2M1M 2 cos = 2 mL
2
Msin 90
tan f = =1 -1
and M + M cos90 i.e f = tan 1 = 45°

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