ENGINEERING TECHNICAL REPORT ‫اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬

Provided by ‫وزارة اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬

Dr. Abdullah Mohammed A. Handodah ‫اﻟﻤﺪﻳﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺆون اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺸﺆون اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت واﻟﺘﺼﺎﻣﻴﻢ‬
‫وﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬

2032
Prevention of CAUTI:
APPLICATION FOR CTHETER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS)
DEDECTES CAUSES OF CAUTI

PROPOSED TO
THE GENERAL DIRCTORATE OF
INFECTION CONTROL
Surveillance-GDIPC@moh.gov.sa
TABLE OF CONTENTS
___________________________________________________________________________________________ 1
ABSTRACT ________________________________________________________________________________ 3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: ____________________________________________________________________ 4
INTRODUCTION ____________________________________________________________________________ 4
LOCATION _________________________________________________________________________________ 5
MATERIALS _______________________________________________________________________________ 5
CONCLUSION ______________________________________________________________________________ 5

FIGURE OF CONTENTS

Figure 1: DATA FLOW FOR ALARMING _________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2: CMS COMPONENTS _________________________________________________________________ 8
Figure 3: NOTIFICATION (OUTCOMES) OF BLADDER SENSOR ____________________________________ 9
Figure 4: NOTIFICATION (OUTPUTS) OF FOLEY CATHETER SENSOR ______________________________ 10
Figure 5: NOTIFICATION (OUTPUTS) OF DRAINAGE TUBING SENSOR ____________________________ 11
Figure 6: NOTIFICATION (OUTPUTS) OF URINE CPLLECTION BAG SENSOR ________________________ 12
Figure 7: NOTIFICATION (OUTPUTS) OF SYMPTOMS OF (CAUTI) SENSOR _________________________ 13
ABSTRACT

The General Directorate of Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities at Ministry of Health announces the launch of
the national competition among hospitals in all healthcare sector under the title CAUTIoN to CAUTI (C2C), which
is one of the pillars of the nation projects to reduce the rate of infection associated with urinary catheter. Therefore,
the Studies and Design Department, at General Health affairs at A l Baha Region, has proposed and designed a
project to prevent the causes of CAUTI from engineering perspective and to support healthcare providers in
intensive care units in Saudi healthcare facilities.

Hopefully, the project will reduce the infection rate caused by a tube (urinary catheter) that has been
placed to drain urine from the bladder. These infections can involve any and all parts of patient urinary
system, including your:

• Bladder
• Urethra
• Kidneys
• Ureters (the tubes connecting your kidneys to your bladder)

However, this presented project in this report is called the Catheter Management System (CMS) (as shown in
Figure 1) in order to detect causes of CAUTI, moreover; it has many features such as giving alerts when defining
symptoms of CAUTI before spreading of infection and improving performance of healthcare providers through
including the general instructions to deal with the causes of CAUTI at early stage as shown in Figures 2-7). This
report shows the project in a simple way which is still required more studies and researches within selected team
who has specific qualifications to reach the final product when the idea of this project is being approved by The
General Directorate of Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities at Ministry of Health.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:

INTRODUCTION

Our main goal was to design a Catheter Management System (CMS) that would limit this type of infection is called
a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (or "CAUTI"). That has physical, psychological, social and financial
impact on patient status in direct way and had affected the diagnostic and therapeutic services. These issues impacted
recovery processes by increasing the pain and stress, in which led to an increase respiratory rate, fever, heart rate,
blood pressure and oxygen demand, which can affect the immune system to response to the treatment plan
(reference).

To achieve this goal, we need group split into two smaller groups; biomedical and equipment engineers, and
programming experts to build CMS (outputs), select the required materials with design considerations and define the
risks and site effects of this projects; and specialist team from The General Directorate of Infection Control in
Healthcare Facilities and Urologists to provide the needed data (inputs) about medical processes/procedures to
prevent/reduce CAUTI rate as first stage. In the second stage, there will be technical report which presents the
projects in details and the influence on seven domains as flows: Academic domain impacts, Policy domain impacts,
Economic domain impacts, Social domain impacts, Technological domain impacts, Legal domain impacts and
Environmental domain impacts
LOCATION

Urinary catheters are used to drain urine in patients who are not able to urinate on their own, to measure the amount
of urine produced during intensive care, or during and after surgery or tests of the kidneys and bladder (reference).
Germs can travel along the urinary catheter and cause an infection in patients’ bladder and kidney, therefore, we
specify the exact locations of the this project and why we believe they are prime locations.

MATERIALS

we suggest the materials to be used. Wireless Sensors will be built into the the Urinary catheter drainage system,
and can be detected and defined the causes that may lead to close the catheter drainage system as shown in Figure
1 (A &B.)

CONCLUSION

Responding to the significant of the announcing received from The General Directorate of Infection Control in
Healthcare Facilities, in this first report, we provided our goal of creating and designing the Catheter Management
System (CMS) that would prevent/limit this type of infection that called a catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(or "CAUTI"). An appreciated support required to create this project/application after approving the idea of this
project. In order to achieve the best results, we have proposed and designed CMS from engineering perspective to
help reducing this type of infection in the Saudi healthcare facilities.
 A
CTHETER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS) DEDECTES CAUSES OF CAUTI

B
CTAHETER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS)TO PREVENT/ DECREAS CAUTI

Figure 1: DATA FLOW BETWEEN CTHETER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS) AND DEVICE FOR ALERT
Figure 1 presents the collected data flow of the PROJECT showing how each wireless sensor transporting Data (Part
A) From Catheter Management System (CMS) to the device (Part B). six wireless sensors (A) gathering the required
data as shown in Figures 3-7 in five groups of Alert. Area (B) presents the six main sources of data collection
including: Bladder (See Figure 3), Foley Catheter (See Figure 4), Drainage Tubing (See Figure 5), Urine Collection
Bag (See Figure 6), Symptoms of CAUTI (See Figure 7). The arrows in Figure 1indicate the data flow from each
wireless sensor to each part of catheter system on the devise (B) (see Figure 2) using the data sources to achieve the
objectives and to test the urinary catheter system as presented in Figures 3-7. Using qualitative and quantitative
methods of data collection in this system to identifying the Catheter issues -related CAUTI. The CMS can have
ability to give the requirements of diagnostic and treatment plans besides the alerts after developing this project.
 B Foley Drainage
Bladder
Catheter Tubing

Bladder

Foley
Catheter
Urine Patient Info.
Symptoms of CAUTI
Collection Bag
Drainage
Tubing General Information

Urine Urinary Catheter Data

Collection Bag
Day of catheterization

Symptoms of CAUTI C Urinary Catheter Use

Utilization
Patient Info.

Figure 2: CMS APPLICATION COMPONENTS

 Bladder

urine in the catheter bag may flow backward clean around the catheter each day
into the bladder
clean the skin around the catheter each day
the catheter may become contaminated
keep the drainage bag below your bladder
the drainage bag may not be emptied

empty the drainage bag several times per day

the bladder trying to squeeze out the balloon

keep the catheter tube from kinking

the catheter is blocked (Blood or debris)

the catheter drainage system is blocked wash your hands before and after touching
the catheter or drainage bag

change the catheter at least once per month

make sure your catheter is still necessary

Figure 3: NOTIFICATION/ALERT (OUTCOMES) OF BLADDER SENSOR

 Foley
Catheter

urine in the catheter bag may flow backward clean around the catheter each day
into the bladder
clean the skin around the catheter each day
the drainage bag may not be emptied
keep the drainage bag below your bladder
urine leaking around the Foley
empty the drainage bag several times per day
the Foley is blocked (Blood or debris)
keep the catheter tube from kinking
the Drainabe port is blocked

wash your hands before and after touching

The Balloon Port is leaking the catheter or drainage bag

Balloon is not inflated at the tip of the tube change the catheter at least once per month
to hold the catheter in place

make sure your catheter is still necessary

Figure 4: ALERT/NOTIFICATION (OUTPUTS) OF FOLEY CATHETER SENSOR

 Drainage
Tubing

urine in the catheter bag may flow backward clean around the catheter each day
into the bladder
clean the skin around the catheter each day
the drainage bag may not be emptied
keep the drainage bag below your bladder
urine leaking around the Foley
empty the drainage bag several times per day
the Foley is blocked (Blood or debris)
keep the catheter tube from kinking
the Drainabe port is blocked

wash your hands before and after touching

Paient is lieing on Draingge tube the catheter or drainage bag

Draingge tube is kinking change the catheter at least once per month

make sure your catheter is still necessary

Figure 5: NOTIFICATION/ALERT (OUTPUTS) OF DRAINAGE TUBING SENSOR

 Urine
Collection Bag

the Urine bag may not be emptied clean around the catheter each day

Urine bag is not hanging on the frame of bed clean the skin around the catheter each day
may not be emptied
keep the drainage bag below your bladder
the Valvle Drainage allowing the urine to
drain out.
empty the drainage bag several times per day
the drainage bag below Paient’s bladder
keep the catheter tube from kinking
drainage bags is not being changed
regularly, twice per day
wash your hands before and after touching
the catheter or drainage bag

urine in the catheter bag may flow backward

into the bladder change the catheter at least once per month

make sure your catheter is still necessary

Empty the leg bag every 3-4 hours or when

the bag becomes 2/3rds full

Figure 6: NOTIFICATION /ALERT (OUTPUTS) OF URINE CPLLECTION BAG SENSOR

 Symptoms of CAUTI

Blood in the urine for more than 5 days clean around the catheter each day

temperature of more than 100 degrees clean the skin around the catheter each day

keep the drainage bag below your bladder

No urine is collecting in the leg bag for 6-8
hours
empty the drainage bag several times per day

blood in the urine

keep the catheter tube from kinking

strong urine odor

wash your hands before and after touching
the catheter or drainage bag
bacteria and viruses are dedected

change the catheter at least once per month

make sure your catheter is still necessary

Figure 7: NOTIFICATION /ALERT (OUTPUTS) OF SYMPTOMS OF (CAUTI) SENSOR

We are submitting to you the report that you requested through MOH . The report is entitled application for
URINARY CTHETER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (UCMS) that detects causes of CAUTI. CAUTI has physical,
psychological, social and financial impact on patient status in indirect and direct ways and had affected the
diagnostic and therapeutic services when patients stay for long period to deal with infection treatment processes.
Furthermore, these issues impacted recovery processes by increasing the pain and stress, in which led to an
increase respiratory rate, fever, heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen demand, which can affect the immune system
to response to the treatment plan.

The purpose of the report is to limit this type of infection that called a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (or
"CAUTI") from engineering perspective. The content of this report concentrates on the concepts of creating the
CMS and its components and outputs as first stage. This report also seeks the support when it is approved. If you
should have any questions concerning our project/idea please feel free to contact us at 055057537.

Best regards,
Dr Abdullah Mohammed Handodah