- is an imaginary substance that has the

equation of state of:

Unit Analysis:

Symbol SI Units English Units

Boyle’s Law:
The temperature is held constant while the pressure of the
substance is inversely proportional to its volume, in equation:
(T = c );
P1 V1 = P2 V2

Charles's Law:
A. The pressure is held constant while the volume of the
substance is directly proportional to its temperature, in
equation:

(P = c);
B. The volume is held constant while the pressure
of the substance is directly proportional to its
temperature, in equation:

(V = c);
Basic Properties of Ideal Gas:
1. Relation among cP , cv , R and k:
a. cP =

b. k = or or

c. cP =

d. cv =

Note:
for cold air
k = 1.4
for hot air
k = 1.3
, KJ/kg-K = ft-lb/lb-R
For any process:
Is a process where there is no change of mass, where m1 = m2

𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑃2 𝑉2 Where:
a. 𝑇1
=
𝑇2 P1 = initial pressure
b. Δh = mcp (T2 - T1) P2 = final pressure
c. Δu = mcv (T2 – T1) T1 = initial temperature
T2 = final temperature
V1 = initial volume
V2 = final volume
Δh = change in enthalpy
Δu = change in internal energy