Uraer oF maguntuue UL uri ven ay 5 A battery of emf 12 V and internal resistance 4 2 is connected to an external resistance p If the current in the resistance is 0.5 A, calculate the value of (a) R, and (6) the termina, voltage of the battery. [CBSE 2020 (5539) se, Conred TOE E=KR+?) 12=05(R+4) R=24-4=200 Terminal voltage across the battery. V_=E-Ir=12-05xX4=10V Q.6/ A10V cell of negligible internal resistance is connected in parallel across a battery of eni 200 V and internal resistance 38 © as shown in the figure. Find the value of current in the circuit. 10V es 200V 380 10V Ans. Applying Kirchoff’s law for the loop ABCDA, we have Py | f +200- 387-10 =0 _ 190 _ A {tw —8 Tag = 5A 200 380 Alternatively: The two cells are in opposition. : Net emf = 200 V- 10 V = 190 V V _190v Now, — = on tear = sq, 154Qs Ans. on Ans, Q 19. vA Ans, é ‘When 5 V potent plot a graph showing variation of voltage Vs the current drawn from ihe cell. How cam one get information from this plot about the emf of (¢ incl an its internal resistance? {CBSE (F) 2016 | V (vot) — When V7 The intercept on y-axis gives the emf of the ¢ gives the internal resistance, Syne dope of graph To Tampere) = rose of emfs 1.5 V and 2.0 V having internal resistances 0.2 © and 0.3 0 respectively are in parallel, Calculate the emf and internal resistance of the equivalent cell. [CBSE Delhi 2016) £&,=15V, 0.29 F,=20V, 30 emf of equivalent cell Ey t Egy 4g Ey eT, At en Internal resistance of equivalent cell ale Nap gge ile TR TREK itt I difference is applied across a wire of length 0.1 m, the drift speed of electrons is 2.5 x 10 m/s. If the electron density in the wire is 8 x 10" mr’, calculate the resistivity of the material of wire. [CBSE (North) 2016] v Weknow = nedu, = and R So ‘Om = 1.56 x 10° Om 8 10% x 1.6 x 109% 2.5 x 1040.1 = 1.6 10°0m ‘Two conducting wires X and Y of same diameter but different materials are joined in seri across a battery. If the number density of electrons in X is twice that in ¥, find the ratio of drift velocity of electrons in the two wire [CBSE (A}) 2011) In series current is same, $1, = neAvy | For same diameter, cross-sectional area is same | Aye Aya | Iy=ly = nyedv,=n,edv, |Qin A conductor of length ‘Tis connected to a de source of potential ‘M”. If the len, conductor is tripled by gradually stretching it, keeping ‘V’ constant, how will (i) dri" electrons and (i) resistance of the conductor be affected? Justify your answer. [CBse. ae ‘NF Ans, (i) We know that vj =-“% oe + ml When length is tripled, the drift velocity becomes one-third. l MRcoe ore @) R=04, I=3l New resistance t 3L y= oo R R=p=0xqg= ok = / Hence, the new resistance will be 9 times the original Q. 12/ A potential difference V is applied across the ends of copper wire of length / and diam, wi i it i [CBSE Ajmer \/ Whatis the effect on drift velocity of electrons if mer 3 ( Vis halved? (ii) Lis doubled? 4 (ii) Dis halved? =9R Ans. Drift velocity, vy = a wav ve ( As v, «V,when Vis halved the drift velocity is halved. (i) As v,« jowhen is doubled the drift velocity is halved. Gi) As vis independent of D, when D is halved drift velocity remains unchanged. / 2.19 Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-section 7” area 1.0 X 107 m® carrying a current of 1.5 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons), be 9 x 107m, [CBSE (AD 2014 ‘Ans. Flow of current in the conductor due to drift velocity of the free electrons is given by = neAvg 2 15 y= ne ~ 9x 10x 1.6 X 10 1.0% 107_Gue Kirchhotl’s laws to determine the value of current 1; in the given electrical circuit. ans. From KirchhofT's firs aw at junction © aerate hahth i‘ 200 Applying Kirchhof's second law in mesh CDFE h 4015-40 + 20h, = 0 or 20 (21, +) = 40 on av > 1 +2ly=2 ii rama Applying Kirchhoff’s second law to mesh ABEEA 1 80-207 IF 207, + 201, any hn 8 = 20 (fy - 1) = EA carl welt) Substituting value of Jy from (i) in (i), we get NHAAU+h=2 > 43h +2 a) Multiplying equation (ii) by 2, we get 2-2, = 8 (0) ‘Subtracting (v) from (iv), we get : 5h =-6 => h=-$a=-12a Q. 16, Find the magnitude and direction of current in 10 resistor inthe given circuit. wv pag [CBSE (South) 2016} ov 10. 32 a 32 ‘Ans, For the mesh APQBA = 6-Mbp-h) + 3h or = [y+ A= 6 0) For the mesh PCDQP y= 948ly+ M(ly—1)=0 or 6hrl, co) Solving (i) and (i), we get 1, and : Current through the 1 @ resistor = (Jy — 4) = BA Hence the direction of current in 1 9 resistor from Qto P in the circuit.y Q,17. Figure shows two circuits each having a galvanometer and a battery of 3 y, c galvanometers in each arrangement do not show any deflection, obtain the rati % "4 For another circuit 6x8 eo oige so 2 { Q.16. What will be the value of current through the 2 © resistance for the circuit shown in ty / figure? Give reason to support your answer, [CBSE (F) 2013} (HoT tov 50 100 av 20, ‘Ans. No current will flow through 2Q resistor, because in a closed loop, total p.d. must be zero. So ‘i 10-51, =0 20- 10h = 0 f and resistor 2 Q is not part of any loop ABCD and EFGH 8 ¢ F iy le ovr 5a 10a 20v 20Using Kirchoff's rules determine the value of 10, e 19 ; OP Ummesiaance Rinthecitererseeet nw P inte Bows rough Tinea eee : ve the potential difference between and D. 10 {CBSE Dethi 2012) {HOTS} ‘ans. Appling Kirchhoffs loop rule for loop ABEEA, y 9+ 644x042r—00 or er ee ee 5A For loop BCDEB 34+IR+4x0-620 4 IR Putting the value of / from (i) we have Sipe gxR=3 > R=20 Potential difference between A and D through path ABCD 9-3-IR= Vip 3 oF 9S-PXP=Ny Vga V {Q. 20,/ Calculate the value of the resistance R in the circuit shown in the figure so that the current in the circuit is 0.2 A. What would be the potential difference between points B and £2 (i) [CBSE (Al) 2012) [HOTS] wv 02a gs be : 180) we 100 S99 we ; L D WORE : ‘Ans. Here, Racy = 5 + 100 = 150 Effective resistance between B and E remem Reg 30*10 ts Ran = 50 Applying Kirchhoff’s Law 5XO2+RX 02 +15 x 02 Hence, Vip =IRyy = 0.2 X 5 = IT volt Q.21, An the circuit shown in the figure, the galvanometer 000 ” gives zero deflection. If the batteries A and B have negligible internal resistance, find the value of the resistor R. [CBSE (F) 2013] |HOTS) Ans. If galvanometer G gives zero deflection, than current 12v of source of 12 V flows through R, and voltage across becomes 2 V. -3>R € 12 = Current inthe circuit I= FER * FOOFR andase of semiconductors with increase in tem 19 Imes hence testy decreases jnewires cach having a resistance of 30 are connected to fo 1 WEN and negligible internal resistance is connected across erature number density (n) of free electrons 3m a cubical network. A battery the diagonally opposite corners of 10 ar york. Determine its equivalent resi i “auivalent resistance and the current along each edge of the nt Joop rule to ABCC'EFA {CBSE 2019 35/3/0) apply Cc 1457-10 =0 ye3gt3t * at 10x15 3x29 "250 F iz, cafeaate the value of the current drawn from a 5 V battery in the circuit as shown. 100 A529 190 |, wa 4 wa 4 5v ji (CBSE (F) 2013) ns, The equivalent wheatstone bridge for the given combination is shown in figure alongside. ‘The resistance of arm ACD, Rs, =10 + 20 = 300 Ao, the resistance of arm ABD, Rs, = 5+ 10= 150 Since the condition as is satisfied, itis a balanced 8 bridge. No current flows along arm BC. R, xR, ee 30x15 _ 30x15 _ 30415 45 +. Equivalent resistance 102 Current drawn from the source, aey 13. State Kirchhoft’s rules, Use these rules to write the expressions for the curren 1, in the circuit diagram shown. lease igi eew ntho i] A a & Ans. Kirchhoff’s Rules: _ (0) The algebraic sum of currents meeting at any junction is zero, uy (i) The algebraic sum of potential fferences across circuit elements ofa closed cr, | ie, DV=0 From Kirchhofl’s first law h=h+h ; Applying Kirchholf’s second law to mesh ABDCA 2-41, + 3fy +1=0 > 4h,-3h==1 g Applying Kirchof’s second law to mesh ABFEA -2-4h-2+4=0 StF Boreh +h Using () we get = My + thy) or 3h +1,= a ‘Solving (ii) and (iii), we get La AGA IS a eA sa ifs ng, Ba Q.14, UseKirchhoft’srulestodetermine the potential F_ygyyw___& difference between the points A and D when no current flows in the arm BE of the electric y= network shown in the figure, . [CBSE Allahabad 2015) Ans. According to Kirchhoff’s junction rule at E or Bo loth, sv | in the arm BE as given in the 11, ——__[ I ev wv Using loop rule in the loop AFEBA PW od ~2Us#-3hy— hy Ry 3 46 = 0 he : 1 = s+ Sgt LR\=10 a R Since Jy = 0, so fs i 51, = 10 2a: sv i" > oh=2A a) I=h= a eitey 6 8k GyThe pte mial difference between A and D, along the branch AFED of the elosed circuit. Va~2ls + 1-3 Iy-Vp=0 > Va- yl + 31, 2X2-143x229y Q.15. Usi Pinch rules, calculate the current through the 40 0 and 20 00 resistors in the Jorlowing circuit [CBSE 2019 (55/1/1)) A a [leery | 8 woo °| ae c ‘ toa el F “ov ‘Ans. Applying Kirchhoff’s second rule, In loop ABCDA +80-201, + 401, = 0 4= 1-21 2a 6 WY ae Applying Kirchhoff’s second rule, nN +p In loop DCFED : =401,~10(h + 1,) + 40 =0 = 501, 101, + 41 in ree Bh+h=4 (i) Renate Yate Solving these two equations, we get c F =0A aov and I=4A