The Supreme Court

Center: English Supreme Court Republic of Congo

Phone Addresses: 06 489 03 94 Unity-Labor-Progress
Coach: Mokoungoulou Anga Mohamed

English Workshop
Level: Second Step
Date: February 26th 2022
Duration: 2 hours
Workshop 1
Section one: Reading comprehension (8 marks
Text: phone addiction
Attachment to mobile phones reaching stated a headline in the daily Yaniuri
of japan. Addiction? “Young people appear to view their mobile phones as
parts of their bodies and may even start to panic if they are separated from
their phones”, explained the newspaper. In fear of being cut off from others,
many keep their mobile phones on all time, everywhere. If they “ do not
receive any messages on their body”. This uneasiness impels them to answers
all in coming text messages immediately, which is often not necessary.
Of course, mobile phones can be advantageous. In fact, they have often proved
valuable in emergency situations. Even casual use of mobile phones is not
necessarily wrong, as long as this is done in a balanced way. But some
authorities say that mobile phone addiction could harm normal communication
skills. A middle school teacher in Ossaka worries that because of mobile
phones, “children are losing the ability to interpret the facial behavior and
tones of voices of others. A consequence of this is increased aggressiveness
among children coupled with disregard for others feelings”, said the teacher.
The article concluded “it seems inevitable that children’s reliance on cell
phones will grow in the future. The only way to minimize the negative effects
of this trend is to ensure that adults set children a good example in using cell
phones”.

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A-/ Comprehension one: Read the following statements and say if they are true
or false (2 marks)
1- Phone addiction is becoming one the most topical issues in Japan.
2- The absence of phone makes some people feel comfortable.
3- The phone is now a common feature in people’s daily lives.
4- Phone addiction is badly affecting kids in Ossaka.
B/ Comprehension two: Answer the following questions (6 marks)
1) How do young people feel without their mobile phones?
2) Do mobile phones present any advantages?
3) What strategies can help regulate young people’s use of mobile phones?
4) Why do many young people keep their cell phones on them?
5) What do the authorities think regarding the mobile phones addiction?
6) What does the author think concerning children’s reliance on the cell?
Section two: Linguistic Competence (6 marks)
A-/ Conjugate the verbs between into the suitable tense. (2marks)
1) I would buy it if I (to be) him.
2) Yesterday, she (to come) back late.
3) If she (to read) hard, she will succeed.
4) If he hadn’t saved me, I (to die).
B-/ Put the following sentences into the passive voice (4 marks)
1) She is cooking rice now.
2) I’ll send you a letter this afternoon.
3) She can kill you.
4) Someone has stolen my phone.
5) The police arrested the suspect.
6) She sometimes writes mathematics books.
7) We adore mountains.
8) The Congolese visit beautiful places.
Section three: Communicative competence (4 marks)

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Match the halves of the statements on the left with their corresponding endings
on the right.
Part A Part B
1. Do always have fixes? a- Twenty
2. How old were when you started? b- Health problems and danger
for the society.
3. What sorts of drugs did you take? c- Because I lost my brother in
gang’s fights.
4. How old are you now? d- No, not at all. Just some
illusions.
5. Can you talk about some e- A teen, I was a teen when I got
drawbacks of drug consuming? into it.
6. How did you get involved into f- No, I quitted.
drug?
7. Why do you regret you being a g- My first love taught me it.
drug consumer?
8. Is there any advantage in it? h- Marijuana, cocaine and
tramadol.

Section four: Guided writing (2 marks)

Rewrite the following words correctly in order to get meaningful sentences.
1. Age/at/taking/I/of/the/drugs/started.
2. Brother/Mohamed/is/English/my/coach/an/elder.
3. Is/in/my/sister/mathematics/grand/good.
4. Travelled/yesterday/the/the/by/refugees/train.

Workshop 2
Coach: Mohamed A.Koung

Section one: Correct the following sentences (5 marks)

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1) Now, I am eat cakes.

2) Yesterday, she came not to my party.
3) She don’t love me.
4) She spys me everyday.
5) They is stupid.
6) I cans beat you.
7) My friend Ricardo speaks three foreign languages.
8) They call always me at night.
9) She is never calling me.
10) The childrens adore eat bananas.
Section 2: Turn these sentences into indirect ones. (5 marks)

1) She declares, “Mohamed is a cool guy.”

2) The teacher said, “The pupils hate to read.”
3) He has confirmed, “He is impolite.”
4) She said, “The kids adore cakes.”
5) Samantha declared, “He is not beautiful.”
6) The president said, “I will grant scholarship to every student.”
7) Ernando says, “My children should respect the president Mohamed
A.Koung.”
8) He affirmed, “I will win this match.”
9) He says, “I can do it.”
10) He claims, “I knew how to play football.”
Section 3: Complete the following sentences. (3 marks)

1) I am better ……1…… you

2) She is as beautiful ……2……. Taviène.
3) He is …...3…… best man I’ve ever seen.
4) John Cena is Strong…4….than Roman Reigns.
5) She….5….the ugliest girl of planet Mars.
6) She likes drink….6…. Coca Cola.
Section 4: Complete the following sentences by the questions tags. (3 marks)

1) She doesn’t love me. 2) She came to my party.

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2) Let’s go to the movies. 4) Come and see.

5) Let’s jump. 6) Someone called me.
Section 5: Reading Comprehension

Text: Famine
In the early 80s, famine struck the nation Ethiopia killing countless people to
starvation and malnutrition. People gave their sympathy, but not everyone relied
to help the pupils’ plight. One who did was Irish rock star Bob Geldof. Geldof
was perhaps most noted for his performance in the rock field called The Wall,
as performed by the classic group pink Floyd, Geldof because of a war famine
put the news media, just as most of people did. However, he left driven to make
a difference.
In 1984, Bob Geldof organized the recording of collaborative some of release
during Christmas season. It was entitled “do they know it’s Christmas?” The
song tells of troubles on Africa, asking the people of the world to look beyond
their own small spheres to see the starving people in Ethiopia from whom
Christmas and other joys would mean nothing when compared to their life
threatening circumstances. Music super stars from several nations jointly
collaborated on the record and it became one the most successful record of the
year.
However, the success was not enough for Geldof. He took the momentum of the
song and organized two of the largest Rock concerts ever and called them life
Aid. On July 7, 1985, the two concerts were broadcast around the world, and
statistics show that 1/3 of the world’s population watched the concert live. One
concert took place in Philadelphia JFK stadium and the other in London’s
Wembley Stadium. Performers for the concert included such music stars as the
Who, Madonna, Paul McCartney, U2, Led Zeppelin, Bob Dylan, and Dire
Straits. Throughout the shows, the performers asked listeners to donate money
for Ethiopia famine relief. In all, approximately 53 millions of dollars was
raised. Live Aid became a catalyst for other such efforts, including Farm Aid
which continues to perform annually to help American farmers keep their farms.

Learning to give (adapted)

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Read the text very carefully and respond to the following questions
1) What is the title of the text? 2) Which nation was struck by famine?
3) In which year did Geldof organize a recording?
4) What did Geldof do after he thought that his success was not enough?
5) Where are JFK and Wembley stadiums located?
6) Is famine harmful? Justify your answer?
7) Which continent is mentioned in the second paragraph of the text?
Workshop 3
Coach: Mohamed Anga Mokoungoulou
Section one: Reading Comprehension
Text: Passive Smoke
The second hand smoke Cigarettes do not just harm the people who smoke. They also harm the
people who are near cigarettes and breathe the smoke. This includes fetuses and small children.
They breathe second hand smoke. Second hand smoke is the smoke that comes out of the lit end
of a cigarette and that a smoker exhales (breathes out). Second hand smoke is also called passive
smoke.

About 53, 000 people die from second hand smoke every year. When we breathe the second
hand smoke, we breathe the same 4,000 chemicals in a cigarette a smoker breathes. 51 of those
chemicals cause cancer.

In 1986, the Surgeon General of the US wrote about the danger of the second hand smoke. It
causes diseases like lung cancer to nonsmokers; compared to children of nonsmoker parents, the
children of parents who smoke have an increased frequency of respiratory infections, increases
respiratory symptoms and slightly small rates of increase in lung function as the lung matures.
Simple separation of smokers and nonsmokers within the same airspace may reduce, but does
not eliminate exposure of nonsmokers to environmental tobacco smoke.

The second hand smoke is more dangerous than the smoke that is inhaled in a cigarette because
it is not filtered. The filter on the end of a cigarette removes some harmful chemicals. The second
hand smoke is the largest source of indoor pollution. Restaurants that allow smoking can have six
times the pollution of a busy highway.

When people breathe the second hand smoke on a regular basis in the workplace, their lungs are
affected. Their lungs look as if people smoked one to ten cigarettes a day. That means non-
smoking workers in a smoking office have the same lung damage as a mild smoker. They have a
34% higher risk of getting lung cancer than smokers who do not smoke or do not breathe second
hand smoke on the job.

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ENGLISH LANGUAGE CENTER THE SUPREME COURT REPUBLIC OF CONGO

EVERYONE CAN SPEAK ENGLISH Unity-Labor-Progress

Coach: Mohamed A. Koung

Workshop 4
Level: 13th
Duration: 120 minutes

Section one: Reading Comprehension

Text: Importance of Food
Food can be defined as anything edible that can be solid, semisolid or liquid
which when swallowed, digested and assimilated in the body, proves useful
to it. These substances not only keep the person alive, but also provide
energy used for growth and development, regulate the body processes and
protect the body from diseases.
In food, we find some substances called nutrients defined as constituents in
food that must be supplied to the body in sufficient amounts in order to grow,
reproduce and lead a normal healthy life. Various nutrients are Protein,
Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals and Water.
Food fulfills some functions thanks to its nutrients: The Physiological
function, the Social function and the Psychological one. The physiological
function is when the food provides energy to the body thanks to carbohydrate
and fat; builds and repairs cells and tissues through proteins, water and
minerals;... Man is a social being, foods helps him to be more social. During
special occasion like marriages, birthdays etc. food is an important
ingredient. Psychologically talking, food satisfies certain emotional needs
and is used to express feelings of special attention, friendship, recognition or
punishment. Those functions show us how important food is and will still be.

Home Science

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A/ Read carefully the text and respond to the following questions (4 marks)
1/ How many functions of food are mentioned in the text?
2/ What is the importance of energy to our body?
3/ Can food fix cells? Justify your answer.
4/ What function of food do proteins, water and minerals accomplish?

B/ Choose the correct answer (2 marks)

1) Food fulfills: a) 1 function b) 2 functions c) 6 functions d) none of the above.
2) Proteins, water and minerals are used to: a) kill and repair cells b) build and
repair airplanes c) build and fix cells d) to produce and destroy cells and
tissues.
3) Food can keep us: a) dead b) sick c) none of the above d) alive.
4) Food can be solid, semisolid: a) or semiliquid b) or a gas c) none of the above
d) or in the form of water.

Section two: Linguistic Competence (7 marks)

A- Vocabulary(3 marks)
1) Find in the text the synonym of: a) amity b) fix c) fulfill
2) Find in the text the antonym of: a) man b) useless c) vomit

B- Grammar: report the following sentences(4 marks)

1) Tatiana says, “I love you.” 2) She said, “I don’t love him.”
3) He said, “My girlfriend hates me.” 4) She says, “I dislike potatoes.”
5) He affirms, “I will be rich.” 6) She claimed, “I want my money.”
7) He declared, “You are stupid.”
8) He said, “We will win this match.”
Section three: Communicative Competence (3marks)
Match up the utterances in part A with the ones in part B
Part A Part B
1) How are you? a-I just turned 20.

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2) How tall are you? b-1.5 meters

3) How old are you? c-he is a cobbler
4) Do you have any job? d-you should take a rest
5) What does your father do? e-I am fine thanks.
6) You look tired f-I am an Interpreter

Section four: Guided Writing (4 marks)

There is a restaurant downtown, with the help of these hints, write a meaningful.
Name of the restaurant: MAM treatment
Address: 141 MAK Street, Panacea quarter.
Opening time: 06h30
Closing time: 12a.m
Food nationalities: African, American, Asian, European and Oceania.
Food price: 500-10000 francs
Waiters’ mood: good
Your opinion on that restaurant food price

Workshop 5
Duration: 120 minutes
Level: 13th grade
Section one: Reading Comprehension (8 marks)
Text: Importance of water and water pollution Consequences
Is water really important for our body? Yes! According to experts, water is
ranked second only oxygen as essential for life. With more than half of your
body weight made of water, you couldn’t survive for more than a few days
without it. On the other hand, you can survive without food for weeks.
Water is very important for our body. Water is used in every cell of our body.
Water travels throughout our body carrying nutrients, oxygen, and wastes to and
from cells and organs. Water also keeps our body cool as part of our body’s
temperature regulating system. It cushions our joints, and protects our tissues

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and organs from shock and damage. It acts as a lubricant for our joints, our
mouth and digestive system in saliva, and in our nose, throat, eyes and stomach
as part of mucus. We must not also ignore that water aids in digestion and
absorption of food, as well as in the removal of wastes from our body.
The deterioration of the natural composition of water resources is called water
pollution due to the fact that the substances in the natural composition of water
resources rise above the ideal concentration values as a result of human
activities. Water pollution does not only stay in water, it passes to the soil and
from soil to plants, vegetables and fruits through irrigation, and these harmful
wastes also pass to the animals that drink from these polluted water and the
sustainability of food resources is negatively affected. “Use of poor quality
water; diseases caused by water on living things; low productivity in agricultural
activities; the reduction of biodiversity in the aquatic habitat; deaths and
increases in drinking and utility water treatment costs”.
Water pollution, in addition to causing a decrease in usage and drinking water,
threatens the lives of all living creatures in the water, and the biological diversity
in the ocean, sea, lake and aquatic environments is damaged by pollution water.
Due to the insufficient cleanliness of mains water lately, more and more people
get their water needs from bottled water. The public, who cannot afford the
utility water bill, cannot be expected to meet the cost of bottled and sold water.
This means there is not a balance in water drinking.

www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/NEW

A- Read the text carefully and respond to the following questions ( 6 marks)
1- Show the importance of water? ( 3 lines)
2- Between water and food, which one is the most important for our
body?
3- Does water pollution only stay in water? Justify your answer ( 3lines)
4- What does water carry throughout our body?
5- What kind of water do people drink due the insufficient cleanliness of
natural water?
6- Sticking with the text, how do we call the process of water being
polluted?

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B- Say if the following statements are true or false ( 2 marks)

1- Water is useless to our body. 2- Water pollution remains in water.
3- Water pollution threatens the lives of all living creatures
4- Everyone can afford bottled water.
Section two: Linguistic Competence (4 marks)
A- Turn the following sentences into passive voice ( 2 marks)
1- Water cushions our joints. 2- Water keeps our body cool.
3- Water pollution threatens our lives. 4- It protected our tissues

B- Mistake Correction ( 2 marks)

The following sentences contain one mistake each find and suggest a
correction.
1- My brother and I speak play soccer every Sundays.
2- The Republic of Congo is the richer country in the world.
3- She does always not agree with me. 4- I think that he love us.
Section three: Communicative Competence (4 marks)
Complete the following conversation
A- Hello! How are you?
B- Hello! I am fine and you?
A- I am sick!
B- -----------1--------?
A- I am suffering from malaria.
B- -----------2---------?
A- No, my husband is not aware of that.
B- -----------3--------?
A- No, they medications cost an arm and a leg.
B- I think you should go to MAK drugstore.
A- Are medicines expensive there?
B- No, they are very poor.
A- ---------4-----------
B- You’re welcome.

Section four: Guided Writing( 4 marks)

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Here are some infos English Supreme Court Center related, use them to build a
meaningful paragraph.
Name: English Supreme Court Center
Sites: Lycée, Lebled, Saint-Dénis
Phone addresses: 06 489 03 94/ 095 674 22 28
English types: Printed and spoken
Accent styles: American and British accents
Training price: affordable
Teachers’ mood: good
Collaborators: MAK Inventions House, Panacea Center, Good Health and
Mokoungoulou Intelligence World.

Workshop 6
Section: Reading Comprehension (6 marks)
Text: Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Deforestation and forest degradation are the biggest threats to forests worldwide.
Deforestation occurs when forests are converted to non-forest uses, such as
agriculture and road construction. Forest degradation occurs when forest
ecosystems lose their capacity to provide important goods and services to people
and nature.
Over half of the tropical forests worldwide have been destroyed since the 1960s,
and every second, more than one hectare of tropical forests is destroyed or
drastically degraded. This intense and devastating pressure on forests is not
limited to the tropics- an estimated 3.7 million hectares of Europe’s forests are
damaged by livestock, insects, diseases, forests fires, and other human-linked
activities. The degradation and the loss of forest threaten the survival of many
species, and reduce the ability of forests to provide essential services such as
clean water, healthy soils for agriculture, and climate regulation.
Deforestation and forest degradation have real and tangible impacts on the lives
of the vulnerable communities. For example, 52 per cent of all land used for
food production is moderately or severely impacted by the erosion of healthy

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soil. This occurs when trees are removed from a landscape, leading to increased
food insecurity.

iucn.org/ issues-briefs

A- Read the text many times and carefully then respond to the following
questions ( 4 marks)
1- When do deforestation and forest degradation occur?
2- What do destroy Europe’s forests?
3- What services can forests provide?
4- What role do the forest ecosystems play?
B- Respond carefully the following statements and if they are or false ( 2
marks)
1- The survival of many of many species is not threatened by degradation
and the loss of forests.
2- Degradation and deforestation have negative impacts on our lives.
3- Over 3.7 trillion hectares of Europe’s are damaged by livestock, insects
and forests fires.
4- Every second, more than 100 Ares of tropical forests are destroyed.
Section two: Linguistic Competence ( 2 marks)
A- Complete the following sentences ( 2 marks)
1- I am more intelligent----- him.
2- She is as beautiful----- my sister.
3- He is ----- best teacher ever.
4- She is the ------ beautiful girl of our quarter.

B- Use the indicated comparative or superlative with the adjectives in each

sentence. ( 2 marks)
1- She is smart Ron ( comparative of superiority)
2- Our table is heavy yours ( comparative of superiority)
3- She is lazy girl I’ve ever seen. ( superlative of superiority)
4- My girlfriend is ugly his ( comparative of inferiority)
C- Choose the correct word ( 2 marks)
1- I have so---- friends you can’t tell : a) much b) little c) a little d) many
2- How ----- does it cost? : a) many b) a few c) a lot of d) much
3- Only a ---- girls came to my birthday party. :a) no b)few c) a few d) any

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4- Do have ----- questions? : a) some b) any c) much d) lot of

Section three: Communicative Competence (4 marks)
Match the utterances in part A with the ones in part B
Part A Part B
1- Did you hear about the ESC contest? a- Republic of Congo
2- May I help you? b- Sure!
3- How did you travel to Bobanda? c- English Supreme Court
4- Do have any questions? d- Unity-Labor-Progress
5- What is your English Center’s name? e- By Boat
6- What are the colors on the RC flag? f- Yes, I did
7- What is the motto of the Republic of Congo? g- No, I don’t
8- What is your native country? f- Green, Yellow and Red

Section four: Guided Writing(4 marks)

Here are some information the Republic of Congo related, use them to build a
meaning paragraph.
Country name: Republic of Congo Continent: Africa Region: Central Africa
Population: more than 3 million habitants
Surface: 342,000 km²
Official language: French
National Languages: Lingala and Kituba

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Workshop 7

Section one: Reading Comprehension (6 marks)

Text: Street Children in Africa

Stroll through a market or past a hotel or at the roadside of any major street in the center of most
African capitals, towns or urban areas and you cannot fail to see them. They are stopping cars and
people to beg or to ask for work. You will see others shining shoes, selling sundry articles of uncertain
origin, or hurrying to wash the windscreens of cars stopped at traffic signals. Yet others would be
roaming around or gathered in small groups waiting for something to do. Look at them closely –their
faces show strain and sadness, their clothes are ragged and dirty, others appear hungry suffering
from ill-health and malnutrition. There is something mature beyond their years in their haunted
expressions. At night, you can see them huddled along streets corners, in doorways, or in any dry and
secluded corner. They are the representatives of a growing multitude of children who have become
known as the “street children”

The world and Africa in particular are witnessing rapid and wide ranging socioeconomic and political
changes. There is rapid urbanization, run away population growth and increasing disparities in
wealth. The introduction of structural adjustment programmes and globalization are changing the
very fabric of African society. One of the negative consequences of these changes is the emergence
of large numbers of children on the streets. In the Republic of Congo, they are known as “ntela-ntela,
faseur, bana etike, mandiant”; in Tanzania they are known as 'watoto wa mitaani', in Kenya they are
known as 'chokorra' and in The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) they are called moineaux or
'sparrows'. By whatever name they are called, what stands out is the sad fact that everywhere,
children living and working on the street are ignored, scorned, mistreated and misunderstood by
society and by governments. "People don't love us," says Tigiste, a 12-year-old girl, who sells roasted
barley and begs for change at stoplights in the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa (UNICEF, 1985). The
observation made by this young girl illustrates the attitude of most of us.

Society tends to view these children as troublemakers, a nuisance or menace that needs to be taken
off the streets. Few stop to ponder on the reasons why these children are on the streets, where it is
apparent they are not enjoying themselves.

Identifying reasons for the existence of street children is crucial in finding a permanent solution to
the problem. There are those who argue that the emergence of street children is bound up with the
totality of urban problems - that the phenomenon is exclusively urban: there are no "rural street
children." While it is true that street children are usually found in urban areas, many of these
children have rural origins. So the problem extends beyond urbanization. It is becoming increasingly
clear that there is no single cause for street children. Some of the children have taken refuge in the
city from natural or man-made disasters. Others are the offspring of prostitutes. Handicapped street
children, rejected by their families, also constitute a distinct and relatively large category.

A- Read the text carefully and respond to the following questions (3 marks)
1- How is the text entitled? (0.5 mark)
2- Why do street children stop cars and people? (1 mark)

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3- How does society view the Ntela-Ntela? (0.5 mark)

4- Sticking with the last but two paragraph, Explain the why Tigiste says “People don’t love us”?
( 1 mark)

B- Read the text carefully and say if the following statements are true or false (3 marks)
1- People don’t love Street Children 2- People view the “Faseur” as a blessing from Heaven.
3- Moineaux is the label of street Kids in Kenya. 4- The continent used in the text is Africa.
5- Most street children have urban roots. 6- Some chokorra are cab drivers.

Section two: Linguistic Competence (7 marks)

A- Place the adverbs correctly in each sentence ( 3 marks)

1- People neglect the watoto wa mitaani(always)
2- We maltreat street children (often)
3- They meet sparrows at Marien Ngouabi University Block (sometimes)
4- Street children have great shelters (occasionally)
5- I meet mandiants(everyday)
6- We must help those who are in need (normally)
B- Find in the text the antonym of ( 2 marks):

1-adults 2-rural 3-positive 4-slow

C- Find in the text the synonym of(2 marks):

1-threat 2-light 3-issue 4-kids

Section three: Communicative Competence (3 marks)

Complete the following Conversation

A- Hello Mr. A.Koung and welcome to our show!

B- Hello Mohamed! It’s good to see you boy!
A- ----------------1----------------?
B- Yes, I do love street kids!
A- ---------------2---------------?
B- I love them because they have blood and feelings as we do.
A- Do you think that street children are a menace for us?
B- No, they are not a nuisance for us.
A- Last question sir! ---------------3---------------?
B- I think! The main cause of juvenile delinquency is the fact that parents are irresponsible.
A- Thank you very much sir! We hope to see you next Saturday.
B- You’re welcome! I hope to see you too!

Section four: Guided writing (4 marks)

Reorder the following words to get meaningful sentences.

1- Nobody/Children often/them/ live/ on streets/street/ and/ loves

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2- The/we/ Society views them/they/that/them /as/ love/ menace/ and/ know / don’t/ a.
3- English/the/Court/Mohamed/is/the/Center/A.Koung/of/ Supreme/founder.
4- The/in/America/streets/ exist/kids/ also.

Workshop 8

Duration: 120 minutes

Coach: Mokoungoulou Anga Mohamed

Phone Address: 06 489 03 94

Text: Violence against Women

Workshop 9

Duration: 120 minutes

Coach: Mokoungoulou Anga Mohamed

Phone Address: 06 489 03 94

Section one: Reading Comprehension (12 marks)

Text: Soil Pollution

Man has lost the capacity to foresee and to forestall. He will end by destroying the earth. It is no
exaggeration to say that modern ―civilized‖ lifestyle, which is quintessentially Western in origin and
has deeply permeated practically all societies everywhere, has been extracting an increasingly high
price in terms of relentless environmental degradation which it has been causing in all three
compartments of nature — air, water and soil. In fact, conversion of the remainder of the world
population to this particular lifestyle using a variety of ploys, including colonial subjugation, has been
so effective and thorough that communities everywhere have been gleefully abandoning their
ancient cultural values that taught them to live in harmony with nature and adopting western values
that are based on gross abuse and exploitation of nature‘s bountiful benediction without which life
on earth cannot exist. The following excerpt from the Living Planet Report 2000 (WWF, 2000)
concentrates the mind with regard to the severity of degradation being inflicted on Mother Earth:

Historically, in most if not all human communities and settlements earth‘s surface was perceived and
used as something of a waste disposal facility and, unfortunately, more or less the same perception
and practice still continue in many parts of the world. However, the difference is that while in the
past ―waste comprised mainly food waste, human and animal excreta and other such materials that
nature could deal with relatively easily, today‘s waste is characteristic of so-called ―civilized and
―civilizing societies and comprises increasing quantities of industrial products containing complex
xenobiotic chemicals that nature has difficulty in dealing with. As a result there is now relentless
contamination of soil by all kinds of man-made chemicals, some of which are increasingly being used
either to artificially increase earth‘s agricultural/horticultural productivity or to extract resources
from within it as profitably as possible. In many cases such activities are causing irreversible
ecological harm and serious health problems. Extraction of oil and gas from earth‘s shale formations
using what is called ―Hydraulic fracturing (also called fracking) provides a typical example of this.

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Currently being practiced in several countries and mainly in the USA, this technology can be
environmentally sound if it is properly implemented. If not, or if corners are cut for making greater
profit, it can cause, and it is causing, soil and groundwater pollution problems impacting on, and with
serious implications for, both ecosystems and human health. The fact remains, however, that today
we know little about the health impacts — carcinogenic and mutagenic potentials in particular — of
dangerous chemicals such as dioxins, PCBs, etc., after they have been ingested.

A- Read the text carefully and respond to the following questions (6 marks)
1- What is the title of the text?
2- What are the three compartments of nature mentioned in the text?
3- What will happen as the man has lost the capacity to foresee and forestall?
4- Are today’s wastes easy for the nature to deal with? Justify your answer?
5- Quote two health impacts and two harmful chemicals?
6- What does the increase of earth’s agricultural productivity cause?

B- Say if the following statements are true or false(3 marks)

C- Choose the correct answer(3 marks)

Section two: Communicative Competence

A- Complete the following conversation

B- Match the utterances in Column A and the ones in Column B

Workshop 10

Text: War

Workshop 11

Text: Smartphone Addiction and Associated Health Outcomes

: Smartphones play a critical role in increasing human–machine interactions, with many advantages.
However, the growing popularity of smartphone use has led to smartphone overuse and addiction.
This review aims to systematically investigate the impact of smartphone addiction on health
outcomes. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
(PRISMA) guidelines were used to carry out the systematic review. Five electronic databases
including Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus were searched to identify eligible
studies. Eligible studies were screened against predetermined inclusion criteria and data were
extracted according to the review questions. This review is registered in PROSPERO
(CRD42020181404). The quality of the articles was assessed using the National Institutes of Health
(NIH) Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: A total
of 27 of 2550 articles met the inclusion criteria. All of the studies were cross-sectional and focused on
physical, mental, and neurological health outcomes. The majority of the studies focused on mental

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health outcomes and consistent associations were observed between smartphone addiction and
several mental health outcomes. Anxiety and depression were commonly found to mediate mental
health problems. A wide range of physical health sequelae was also associated with smartphone
addiction. Furthermore, there was an association between smartphone addiction and neurological
disorders. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that there are consistent associations between
smartphone addiction and physical and mental health, especially mental health. Social awareness
campaigns about smartphone addiction and its impact on physical and mental health are needed.
Further studies, especially randomized controlled trials, are warranted to validate the impacts of
smartphone addiction.

Workshop 12
Text: COVID-19
The Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN) has launched a GOARN COVID-19
Knowledge hub. The hub is designed as a central repository of quality public health information,
guidance, tools and webinars which can be accessed freely at any point.

WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros, in his regular media briefing yesterday, cautioned that “we have a
long way to go. This virus will be with us for a long time”. He added that “the world cannot go back to
the way things were. There must be a “new normal” – a world that is healthier, safer and better
prepared”. His speech can be found here.

WHO has published guidance ‘Addressing Human Rights as Key to the COVID-19 Response’. The
guidance document highlights the importance of integrating a human rights-based approach into the
COVID-19 response and highlights key considerations in relation to addressing stigma and
discrimination, prevention of violence against women, support for vulnerable populations,
quarantine and restrictive measures, and shortages of supplies and equipment.

The first human cases of COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus causing COVID-19,
subsequently named SARS-CoV-2 were first reported by officials in Wuhan City, China, in December
2019. Retrospective investigations by Chinese authorities have identified human cases with onset of
symptoms in early December 2019. While some of the earliest known cases had a link to a wholesale
food market in Wuhan, some did not. Many of the initial patients were either stall owners, market
employees, or regular visitors to this market. Environmental samples taken from this market in
December 2019 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, further suggesting that the market in Wuhan City
was the source of this outbreak or played a role in the initial amplification of the outbreak. The
market was closed on 1 January 2020.

WHO has developed interim guidance for laboratory diagnosis, advice on the use of masks during
home care and in health care settings in the context of COVID-19 outbreak, clinical management,
infection prevention and control in health care settings, home care for patients with suspected novel
coronavirus, risk communication and community engagement and Global Surveillance for human
infection with COVID-19. WHO is working closely with International Air Transport Association (IATA)
and have jointly developed a guidance document to provide advice to cabin crew and airport
workers, based on country queries.

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Workshop 13

Text: PASSIVE SMOKERS

Makaya, Mbangui jmy

Worshop 14

Section 1: Grammar Skills

Exercise 1: Indirect speech

use the indirect style. (2 pts)

1) "Susie drinks too much", said the boy.

2) " Our lawn was cut off yesterday" said Oxytocin.

3) " We have accepted their proposals", confirmed the boss.

4) " Life is a battle ", said the wise.

Exercise 2: Indirect Questions (3 marks)

Transform the following questions into indirect ones starting the with the phrases indicated between
brackets.

1. Where does he live? (do you know)

2. What is your name? (May I know)
3. Is she your girlfriend? (I would like to know)
4. Do you speak English? (I wonder)
5. Are you married? (I’d like to know)
6. Did she understand that pretty well? (do you happen to know)

Exercise 3: Comparatives and Superlatives (3 marks)

Use the correct comparative or superlative as indicated between brackets.

1. The Supreme Court is good center I’ve ever seen (superlative of superiority)
2. Mohamed is short my brother. (comparative of superiority)
3. I am young he is (comparative of equality)
4. My bag is heavy his (comparative of superiority)
5. He is big man I have never seen before. (superlative of superiority)
6. I am intelligent man of the planet Earth (superlative of superiority)

Section 2: Guided Writing

A- Here are some information related to a certain V.I.P. that are in disorder, put in order to write a
meaningful paragraph. (3 marks)

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1. Mister M.A.M was born in

2. For time being, he only speaks English

3. 2004 at 14h30’ in Bobanda, RC.

4. When he was four, he was enrolled in a primary in first grade.

5. in 2018, he took the junior high school exam and passed it

6. Now, he just got his baccalaureate and dealing with mathematics and linguistics.

7. at the age of ten, he obtained is first diploma.

B- here are some info “Taper Le Bac” related, with the help of the following hints, write a meaningful
paragraph.

Name of the handout: Taper Le Bac

Author: MOKOUNGOULOU ANGA Mohamed

Objective:

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