Project Report

Fire Detection And Alarm System Using Arduino

Department Of Computer Science And Engineering

2023-2024

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Mr. Suraj Ashishkumar
Ph.D Scholar Rollno 07(181051103003)
CSE ,I.G.U Meerpur MCA 3rd Semester
Rewari,Haryana
 Index
Sr. No. Title Page number Sign

1 Introduction 1

2 Requirement 1

2.1 Flame sensor 1

2.2 Buzzer 2

2.3 Arduino UNO 3

2.4 Connecting wire 3

3 Circuit Diagram 4

4 Working 4-5

5 Code 6

6 Photos of project in running state 6-7

7 Application 7

8 Conclusion 8

9 Contribution 9
1.Introduction
Fire Alarm Systems are very common in commercial building and factories, these devices usual
contain a cluster of sensors that constantly monitors for any flame, gas or fire in the building and
triggers an alarm if it detects any of these. One of the simplest way to detect fire is by using an IR
Flame sensor, these sensors have an IR photodiode which is sensitive to IR light. Now, in the event of
a fire, the fire will not only produce heat but will also emit IR rays, yes every burning flame will emit
some level of IR light, this light is not visible to human eyes but our flame sensor can detect it and
alert a microcontroller like Arduino that a fire has been detected.

In this article we interface Flame Sensor with Arduino and learn all the steps to build Fire Alarm
System by using Arduino and flame sensor. Flame sensor module has a photodiode to detect the light
and an op-amp to control the sensitivity. It is used to detect fire and provide a HIGH signal upon the
detection. Arduino reads the signal and provides alert by turning on the buzzer and LED. The flame
sensor used here is an IR based flame sensor. We have also used the same concept to detect fire in our
Fire Fighting Robot, you can also check that our if you are interested.

2.Requirements
Hardware components required:-
1) Flame sensor
2)Arduino
3)Bread board
4)Micro buzzer
5)Jumper cables
6) Arduino USB Cable

2.1Flame sensor :
A flame sensor definition is a type of detector that is used to detect as well as react to the occurrence
of a fire or flame. A flame sensor frequently responds faster & more precisely as compared to a heat or
smoke sensor because of the mechanisms it utilizes to notice the flame. Flame sensors are usually used
to verify whether the furnaces are functioning correctly. These sensors are also used in an ignition
system to get precise actions otherwise to inform the operator.
Infrared sensor modules are available in two types where one type includes three pins and the other
type includes four pins. The main difference between these two modules is; the three-pin module
provides only digital output whereas four pin module provides both analog and digital outputs. So,
these two modules can be used easily with different microcontroller boards. Here there pin flame
sensor is used in this interfacing.
This 3-pin flame sensor module includes different components like phototransistor, trimpot, LM393,
power LED and output LED.
Flame Sensor Pin Diagram
Pin1 (VCC): This is a 5V power supply pin.
Pin2 (GND): This is a GND pin.
Pin3 (OUT): This is a digital output pin.

2.2 Buzzer
An audio signaling device like a beeper or buzzer may be electromechanical or piezoelectric or
mechanical type. The main function of this is to convert the signal from audio to sound. Generally, it is
powered through DC voltage and used in timers, alarm devices, printers, alarms, computers, etc. Based
on the various designs, it can generate different sounds like alarm, music, bell & siren.

Buzzer Pin Configuration

The pin configuration of the buzzer is shown below. It includes two pins namely positive and negative.
The positive terminal of this is represented with the ‘+’ symbol or a longer terminal. This terminal is
powered through 6Volts whereas the negative terminal is represented with the ‘-‘symbol or short
terminal and it is connected to the GND terminal
2.3 Arduino UNO:
Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output
pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains everything needed to
support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a
AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. You can tinker with your UNO without worrying too

much about doing something wrong, worst case scenario you can replace the chip for a few dollars
and start over again.

2.4 Connecting Wires

Wires also called jumper wires for solder less bread boarding can be obtained in ready-to-use jump
wire sets or can be manually manufactured. The latter can become tedious work for larger circuits.
Ready-to-use jump wires come in different qualities, some even with tiny plugs attached
to the wire ends.
3. Circuit Diagram

4. Working
Steps:
1. Set up the Hardware:
a. Connect the flame sensor module to the Arduino board.
b. Connect the buzzer or alarm module to the Arduino board.
c. Make sure all connections are secure and follow the datasheets for the components.
2. Write the Arduino Code:
a. Define pin configurations for the flame sensor and buzzer.
b. In the Arduino IDE, write a simple program that reads the analog signal from the flame sensor.
c. Set a threshold value to determine when the flame sensor should trigger the alarm. d. If the flame
sensor value exceeds the threshold, activate the alarm.
3. Test the System:
a. Upload the code to the Arduino board.
b. Place the flame sensor near a flame source (like a candle) to test the system.
c. When the flame is detected, the buzzer should sound the alarm.
4. Further Improvements:
a. Consider adding a display (LCD) to provide more information.
b. Integrate wireless communication modules (like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth) for remote monitoring.
c. Implement a power supply and enclosure for a standalone system.
5. Safety Considerations:
a. Always follow safety guidelines when working with fire-related projects.
b. Place the flame sensor away from direct contact with flames to avoid damage.
कार्यरत
कदम:
1. हार्यवेर्र सेट करें :
एक। फ्लेम सेंसर मॉड्र्ूल को Arduino बोर्य से कनेक्ट करें ।
बी। बजर र्ा अलामय मॉड्र्ूल को Arduino बोर्य से कनेक्ट करें ।
सी। सुननश्चित करें कक सभी कनेक्शन सुरक्षित हैं और घटकों के ललए र्ेटाशीट का पालन करें ।
2. Arduino कोर् ललखें:
एक। फ्लेम सेंसर और बजर के ललए पपन कॉश्फ़िगरे शन को पररभापित करें ।
बी। Arduino IDE में , एक सरल प्रोग्राम ललखें जो फ्लेम सेंसर से एनालॉग लसग्नल पढ़ता है ।
सी। र्ह ननर्ायररत करने के ललए एक थ्रेसहोल्र् मान सेट करें कक फ्लेम सेंसर को अलामय कब ट्रिगर करना
िाट्रहए। र्ी। अगर लौ
सेंसर मान सीमा से अधर्क है , अलामय सकिर् करें ।
3. लसस्टम का परीिण करें :
एक। कोर् को Arduino बोर्य पर अपलोर् करें ।
बी। लसस्टम का परीिण करने के ललए फ्लेम सेंसर को फ्लेम स्रोत (मोमबत्ती की तरह) के पास रखें।
सी। जब लौ का पता िलता है , तो बजर को अलामय बजाना िाट्रहए।
4. आगे सुर्ार:
एक। अधर्क जानकारी प्रदान करने के ललए एक डर्स््ले (एलसीर्ी) जोड़ने पर पविार करें ।
बी। दरू स्थ ननगरानी के ललए वार्रलेस संिार मॉड्र्ूल (जैसे वाई-फाई र्ा ब्लूटूथ) को एकीकृत करें ।
सी। एक स्टैंर्अलोन लसस्टम के ललए बबजली की आपूनतय और संलग्नक लागू करें ।
5. सुरिा संबंर्ी बातें :
एक। आग से संबंधर्त पररर्ोजनाओं पर काम करते समर् हमेशा सुरिा ट्रदशाननदे शों का पालन करें ।
बी। िनत से बिने के ललए फ्लेम सेंसर को आग की लपटों के सीर्े संपकय से दरू रखें।
5 code

const int buzzerPin = 9;

const int fireSensorPin = 8;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(fireSensorPin, INPUT);
}
void loop()
{
int fireValue = digitalRead(fireSensorPin);
Serial.println(fireValue);

if(fireValue == 0)
{
digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH);
delay(5000);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);
}
delay(500);
}

6.Photos of project in Running State

7. Application
A fire detection and alarm system using Arduino Uno can find applications in various settings
where early detection of fire is crucial for safety. Some common applications include:
a.Home Fire Safety:
Install the system in homes to provide an early warning in case of a fire, allowing occupants to
evacuate quickly.
b.Office Buildings:
Implement the system in office spaces to enhance workplace safety and provide timely alerts for
evacuation.
c.Industrial Environments:
Use the system in industrial settings where the risk of fire may be higher. It can be integrated
into machinery or near potential fire hazard areas.
d. Laboratories:
Employ the system in laboratories to detect any unexpected fires, protecting valuable equipment
and experiments.
e. Warehouses:
Install the system in warehouses to monitor large storage areas for potential fire hazards,
preventing extensive damage.
f.Schools and Educational Institutions:
Enhance safety in educational institutions by deploying fire detection systems in classrooms,
labs, and other critical areas.
g. Server Rooms:
Protect critical data infrastructure by installing fire detection systems in server rooms to prevent
equipment damage and data loss.
h. Hotels and Hospitality:
Improve guest safety in hotels by incorporating fire detection systems in rooms and common
areas.
i.Vehicles:
Integrate the system in vehicles, especially those with sensitive cargo, to detect and alert in case
of fire.
j.Remote Monitoring:
Implement the system in remote locations, such as forested areas or isolated structures, to
provide early detection and prevent wildfires or property damage.
8.Conclusion
Creating a fire detection system with an Arduino and a flame sensor is a great project for
hobbyists and those looking to understand the basics of electronic sensors and alarms. It
demonstrates the potential of simple components and how they can be used to create life-saving
systems. With the right setup and programming, anyone can build a basic fire detection system
that increases safety and provides a quick response to potential fire outbreaks.

9. Contribution

Harinder Singh Ashishkumar Ravinder Karmbir

(220011029024) (181051103003) (181211103177) (181261103032)

Assemble the part of the Arrange the necessary Code the project and Arrange the
project code the project equipment of the project create the report of the necessary equipment
and run the project and design the layout of project of project
project
Certificate

Harinder Singh
(220011029024)

Ashishkumar
(181051103003)

Ravinder
(181211103177)

Karmbir
(181261103032)