Civil Engineering Department

Fall 2020 / 2021

Environmental Impacts of Projects

(CIW 331)

Revision
CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects

Choose the correct answer:

# Question Choices
Water open channel of discharge of 6 m3/sec of a) 291.67 ml.gm/liter.
chloride of 50 ml.gm/liter. if a factory threw its b) 257.14 ml.gm/liter.
1 industrial sewage into the river of discharge 1 c) 300.00 ml.gm/liter.
m3/sec the concentration of chloride will be 1500 d) 360.00 ml.gm/liter.
ml.gm/liter, find the final concentration:
a) 41666.67 days.
Find the needed time for pollutant water to move
b) 64666.67 days.
from sink well to source well at distance 4 km if c) 11428.57 days.
2
the head difference is 5 m and the soil porosity is d) 34666.67 days.
0.25 if the permeability of 70 m/ day.
A place needs to produce a methane gas amount a) 6.57 ton.
of 100000 liter/day how many sewages amount b) 7.57 ton.
3 we need to produce it if using animal organic c) 8.57 ton.
sewage (30 kg/day produce 500 liter/day of d) 9.57 ton.
biogas).
a) 3000 mho/cm.
The TDS of liquid sample is 2000 ml.gm/liter,
b) 3500 mho/cm.
and it is electric conductivity is 3000 mho/cm c) 4000 mho/cm.
4
find the electric conductivity of another sample of d) 4500 mho/cm.
the same liquid if it’s TDS is 3000 ml.gm/liter.
a) 10 ml.gm/liter.
If we need to make the water of medium soft type b) 11 ml.gm/liter.
5 what is the required Mg++ value for the water if c) 12 ml.gm/liter.
Ca++ is equal to 30 ml.gm/liter. d) 13 ml.gm/liter.

a) 2.3 years.
An element has a quantity of 6 kg and its half b) 2.6 years.
6 lifetime is 1 year. What will be the needed time c) 2.9 years.
for the element to be 1 kg? d) 3.2 years.

a) 106225 capita.
The population in 2010 and 2015 was 89050 and b) 111950 capita.
7 100500 capita respectively, using arithmetic c) 117675 capita.
method, expect the population in 2025. d) 123400 capita.

The population in 2010 and 2015 were 89050 and a) 106225 capita.
8 100500 capita respectively, using arithmetic b) 111950 capita.
method, forecast the population in 2025. c) 117675 capita.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
d) 123400 capita.

a) 1.3 kg.
An element has a quantity of 6 kg and its half
b) 1.4 kg.
lifetime is 1 year find the element quantity after 2 c) 1.5 kg.
9
years. d) 1.6 kg.

A city of population of 7 million capita and of

a) 2801 cars.
waste rate 2.5 Kg/ capita/day
b) 2241 cars.
If the annual rate of population is 2.5 % per year
c) 3501 cars.
10 what will be the needed number of cars transfer d) 2735 cars.
waste material after 10 years.
Cars efficiency is 80%.
Car capacity = 4 tons.
a) 239.42.
Find the hardness of water its Ca++ is equal to 30 b) 243.21.
11 ml.gm/liter and its Mg++ is equal to 40 c) 269.47.
ml.gm/liter. d) 289.31.

If the needed time for pollutant water to move

a) 0.378.
from sink well to source well at distance 5 km is b) 0.336.
60 years. The head difference is 4 m. Find the c) 0.275.
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soil porosity if the permeability of soil equals 65 d) 0.228.
m/ day.

Water open channel of discharge of 6 m3/sec. if a

factory threw its industrial sewage into the river a) 35.70 C°
of discharge 1 m3/sec b) 41.66 C°
13 If the water temperature before the source of the c) 36.67 C°
pollution is 30 c° and the pollution source of d) 31.67 C°
temperature of 70 c° what is the final temperature
of the open channel.
a) 4666.67 mho/cm.
The TDS of liquid sample is 3000 ml.gm/liter, b) 5333.33 mho/cm.
and it is electric conductivity is 4000 mho/cm c) 5666.67 mho/cm.
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find the electric conductivity of another sample of d) 6333.33 mho/cm.
the same liquid if it’s TDS is 4000 ml.gm/liter.
A place needs to produce a methane gas amount a) 15.14 ton.
of 100000 liter/day how many sewages amount b) 17.14 ton.
15 c) 19.14 ton.
we need to produce it if using animal organic
sewage (70 kg/day produce 500 liter/day of d) 21.14 ton.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
biogas).
If the future population in 2035 is 67580 capita, a) 2065.
and the known population data in 2015 is 49700 b) 2075.
16 capita. In which year will the population become c) 2085.
112280 capita? d) 2095.
Use arithmetic method.
a) 11.5 ml.gm/liter.
If we need to make the water of hard type what is b) 12.5 ml.gm/liter.
17 the required Mg++ value for the water if Ca++ is c) 13.5 ml.gm/liter.
equal to 50 ml.gm/liter. d) 14.5 ml.gm/liter.

a) 2.91 years.
An element has a quantity of 7.5 kg and its half b) 3.31 years.
18 lifetime is 1 year. What will be the needed time c) 3.81 years.
for the element to be 1 kg? d) 4.19 years.

a) 41666.67 days.
Find the needed time for pollutant water to move
b) 64666.67 days.
from sink well to source well at distance 5 Km if c) 41666.67 days.
19
the head difference is 3 m and the soil porosity is d) 34666.67 days.
0.3 if the permeability of 60 m/ day.
a) 239.42.
Find the hardness of water its Ca++ is equal to 35 b) 243.21.
20 ml.gm/liter and its Mg++ is equal to 45 c) 272.46.
ml.gm/liter. d) 289.31.

a) 3.42 kg.
An element has a quantity of 6 kg and its half b) 3.22 kg.
21 lifetime is 1 year find the element quantity after c) 2.86 kg.
1.5 years. d) 2.12 kg.

a) 2174786 capita.
If the geometric constant is 0.087, and the current b) 3359963 capita.
22 population is 589742 capita, find the population c) 5191019 capita.
after 30 years. d) 8019932 capita.

If the future population in 2035 is 67580 capita, a) 30 years.

and the known population in 2015 is 49700 b) 40 years.
23 capita, how many years needed for the population c) 50 years.
to be 112280 capita? d) 60 years.
Use arithmetic method.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
a) 2735 cars.
A city of population of 7 million capita and of
b) 2188 cars.
waste rate 2.5 Kg/ capita/day find the number of c) 1875 cars.
24 cars per one day to transfer waste material to d) 1750 cars.
garbage area if cars efficiency is 80%.
Car capacity = 4 tons.
If the needed time for pollutant water to move
a) 0.264.
from sink well to source well at distance 6 km is b) 0.276.
70 years. The head difference is 6 m. Find the c) 0.293.
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soil porosity if the permeability of soil equals 62 d) 0.312.
m/ day.

a) 0.02041.
If the future population in 2030 is 77580 capita, b) 0.03984.
26 and the known population data in 2010 is 59700 c) 0.01309.
capita. Find the average geometric constant. d) 0.00986.

a) 103,758 capita.
If the future population in 2045 is 87580 capita, b) 108,365 capita.
27 and the known population data in 2015 is 69700 c) 110.008 capita.
capita. Find the population after 30 years. d) 115.369 capita.

a) Oil and fuel dumping.

b) Disposal of coal ash.
One of the following is not one of the causes of c) Leaching from landfills.
28
soil pollution: d) Exhaust from Combustion
Engines.

a) Acid rain.
…….. is caused when sunlight encounters tiny b) Haze.
29 pollution particles in the air. Haze obscures the c) Ozone depletion.
clarity, color, texture, and form of what we see. d) Toxic pollutants.

…….. is precipitation containing harmful a) Acid rain

amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. These acids b) Haze
30 are formed primarily by nitrogen oxides and c) Ozone depletion
sulfur oxides released into the atmosphere when d) Toxic pollutants
fossil fuels are burned.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
a) Air Pollution.
b) Water Pollution.
…….. is one of the causes of human diseases like c)
31 Soil Pollution.
typhoid, cholera, dysentery. d) Nuclear pollution.

a) Pesticides.
When the ……... reach lakes, they lead to the b) Industrial wastes.
growth of algae which after some time covers the c) Radiation wastes.
32
whole lake and due to lack of oxygen the animals d) Leakages of underground
die. storages.

a) Air Pollution.
It is typically caused by industrial activity, b) Surface Water Pollution.
33 agricultural chemicals, or improper disposal c) Underground Water Pollution.
of waste. and other heavy metals. d) Soil Pollution.

a) Air contamination.
b) Surface Water contamination.
……... can be caused by corrosion of pipes used
c) Underground Water
34 to transmit chemicals. contamination.
d) Soil contamination.

a) 300 ppm.
b) 400 ppm.
Carbon dioxide takes up around …… of the c)
35 500 ppm.
atmosphere. d) 600 ppm.

a) 78.08 %.
b) 20.95 %.
36 Argon forms about……of the atmosphere. c) 0.93 %.
d) 0.04 %.

a) Oxygen.
b) Carbon dioxide.
One of the following elements form about 20.95 c)
37 Nitrogen.
% of the atmosphere.
d) Argon.

a) Blocks UV radiation.
One of the following is not one of the ecosystem b) Reduces energy consumption.
38
services. c) Moderates the climate.
d) Redistributes water in the

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
hydrologic cycle.

Primary Air Pollutant formed when a primary air a) True.

39 pollutant reacts with substances normally found b) False.
in the atmosphere.
a) True.
Primary Air Pollutant is a harmful substance that b) False.
40
is emitted directly into the atmosphere.
a) major primary air pollutants.
b) minor primary air pollutants.
41 Volatile organic compounds are one of the …… c) major secondary air pollutants.
d) minor secondary air pollutants.

a) Sulfur dioxide.
b) Nitrogen oxides.
One of the following is not one of the major a) lead.
42
primary air pollutants. b) Pesticide.

a) 27.3 %.
b) 46.2 %.
Carbon monoxide represents about …… of the c)
43 49.1 %.
primary air pollutants. d) 16.4 %.

a) Solid waste disposal.

b) Transportation.
c) Stationary source fuel
44 …… represents about 2.5 % of air pollutants. combustion.
d) Industrial Processes.

a) 49.1 %.
b) 31.2 %.
Nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide represent about c)
45 46.2 %.
…… of the primary air pollutants. d) 16.4 %.

a) Nitrogen oxide.
b) Sulfur dioxide.
One of the following components form about c)
46 Particulates.
13.6 % of primary air pollutants. d) Volatile organics.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
a) Stationary source fuel
combustion.
One of the following components form about b) Solid waste disposal.
47 c) Transportation.
27.3 % of the primary air pollutant sources.
d) Industrial Processes.

a) 1.5 %.
Solid waste disposal represents about …… of air b) 2.5 %.
48 pollutants. c) 3.5 %.
d) 4.5 %.

a) Nitrogen oxide.
b) Sulfur dioxide.
One of the following components form about half c)
49 Carbon monoxide.
of the primary air pollutants. d) Volatile organics.

a) Combustion processes.
b) Chemical processes.
One of the following pollutant sources is natural c)
50 Blowing dust.
(not human-made( . d) Mining quarrying farming.

a) sulfuric acid
b) Nitrogen oxide.
one example of a secondary pollutants in the c)
51 Sulfur dioxide.
atmosphere is……. d) Carbon monoxide.

a) Ash.
Air pollution in urban and industrial areas is often b) Smog.
52 called ……. c) Dust.
d) Powder.

a) Photochemical Ash.
……., a noxious mixture of gases and particles, is b) Photochemical Smog.
53 produced when strong sunlight triggers c) Photochemical Dust.
photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. d) Photochemical Powder.

a) Nitrogen dioxide.
The major component of photochemical smog is b) Chlorofluorocarbons.
54 ……... c) Sulfur dioxide.
d) Ozone.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
a) Green yellow.
b) Blue- yellow.
55 Chlorine is a toxic, corrosive, ……... gas. c) Red orange.
d) Yellow brown.

a) Sulfuric acid.
b) Nitrogen oxide.
56 ……... is a colorless gas with a strong odor. c) Sulfur dioxide.
d) Carbon monoxide.

a) True.
Sulfuric acid is a primary air pollutant exists as b) False.
57
liquid drops.
a) True.
Methane is a primary air pollutant exists as b) False.
58
colorless odorless gas.
a) True.
ozone is a primary air pollutant exists as pale blue b) False.
59
gas with acrid odor.
a) True.
One of the negative effects of sulfur oxide is that b) False.
60
it causes difficulty breathing.
a) Nitrogen Oxides
……... is a Gas produced by the chemical b) Nitrogen dioxide
61 interactions between atmospheric nitrogen and c) Nitrogen Monoxide
oxygen at high temperature. d) Dinitrogen monoxide

a) Hydrocarbons.
b) Nitrogen Oxides.
62 One of the following acts as a greenhouse gas. c) Sulfur Oxides.
d) Carbon Oxides.

a) True.
Stratospheric ozone is a manmade secondary air b) False.
63
pollutant in the lower atmosphere.
a) Photochemical smog.
Essential component that screens out UV b) Tropospheric ozone.
64 c) Stratospheric ozone.
radiation in the upper atmosphere.
d) Hydrocarbons.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects

a) True.
Man- made pollutants (ex: CFCs) can destroy b) False.
65
stratospheric ozone.
a) Photochemical Ash.
Brownish-orange haze formed by chemical b) Photochemical Smog.
66 reactions involving sunlight, nitrogen oxide, and c) Photochemical Dust.
hydrocarbons. d) Photochemical Powder.

Sulfur Dioxide and Particulate material a) True.

67 Irritate respiratory tract and impair ability of b) False.
lungs to exchange gases.
a) True.
Ozone binds with iron in blood hemoglobin,
68 b) False.
Causes headache, fatigue, drowsiness, and death.
a) True.
69 Nitrogen dioxide causes airway restriction. b) False.

a) True.
Increasing sulfur content in gasoline can improve b) False.
70
air quality.
c) True.
71 Emission testing for vehicles enhance air quality. d) False.

a) True.
Ozone protects earth from ultraviolet b) False.
72
radiation.
a) Ozone Depletion.
b) Declining Aquatic Animal.
human-produced bromine and chlorine c) Surface temperature
73 containing chemicals may cause: inversions.
d) Soil Pollution.

a) True.
Ozone hole was caused by human-produced b) False.
74
bromine and chlorine containing chemicals.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
a) Eye cataracts.
b) Skin cancer.
75 Higher levels of UV-radiation can cause: c) Weakened immunity.
d) All of them.

Temperature inversions represent a situation in a) True.

76 which the atmosphere is very unstable, and the b) False.
mixing depth is significantly restricted.
Surface temperature inversions form because the
ground is a more effective radiator than the air a) True.
77 above. Inversions aloft are associated with b) False.
sinking air that characterizes centers of high air
pressure.
a) True.
The direct effect of wind speed is to influence the b) False.
78
concentration of pollutants.
The most obvious factor influencing air pollution a) True.
79 is not the quantity of contaminants emitted into b) False.
the atmosphere.
a) True.
Outdoor air pollution can be 5-100 times greater b) False.
80
than indoors.
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions a) True.
react with water vapor in the atmosphere and b) False.
81
form acids that return to the surface as liquid
drops.
a) 2030.
Satellite pictures in 2000 indicated that ozone b) 2040.
82 layer was recovering c) 2050.
Full recovery will not occur until 2050 d) 2060.

a) Biogeochemical cycle.
Process in which many naturally occurring b) Geochemical cycle.
83 elements, minerals and chemicals are naturally c) Hydrologic cycle.
cycled through the environment. d) Nutrient cycle.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
Biogeochemical cycle is a process in which many a) True.
naturally occurring elements, minerals and b) False.
84
chemicals are naturally cycled through the
environment.
The residence time is how much time each a) True.
85 element spends in a liquid reservoir, such as a b) False.
river stream, lake, or ocean.
The residence times is the same for any given c) True.
86 element in different reservoirs with different d) False.
capacities.
a) Quarter.
If a specific chemical has a residence time of 20 b) Third.
87 years, then after 20 years about ……... of the c) Half.
chemical should be gone from the reservoir. d) Three quarters.

a) 100 years.
The residence time of iron in seawater with b) 200 years.
88 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) 300 years.
……... d) 400 years.

The residence time for sodium and chlorine in the a) True.

89 oceans is a very long time compared to b) False.
aluminum.
a) 1270 ppm.
The concentration of magnesium in seawater with b) 400 ppm.
90 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) 380 ppm.
……... d) 60 ppm.

a) Sodium.
The residence time of ……...in seawater with b) Magnesium.
91 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) Calcium.
68,000,000 years. d) Chlorine.

a) 100 years.
The residence time of lead in seawater with b) 200 years.
92 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) 300 years.
……... d) 400 years.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
a) Sodium.
The residence time of ……...in seawater with b) Magnesium.
93 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) Calcium.
1,000,000 years. d) Chlorine.

The concentration of phosphorus in seawater with a) True.

94 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is b) False.
0.07 ppm.
The residence time of bromine in seawater with a) True.
95 respect to modern influx is less than that of b) False.
potassium.
a) 2 ppm.
The concentration of silicon in seawater with b) 3 ppm.
96 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) 4 ppm.
……... d) 5 ppm.

a) True.
Iron can precipitate out of seawater very difficult b) False.
97
and the residence time is only long.
The concentration of mercury in seawater with a) True.
98 respect to modern influx is very small compared b) False.
to that of magnesium.
a) 60,000 years.
The residence time of mercury in seawater with b) 70.000 years.
99 respect to modern influx through surface runoff is c) 80,000 years.
……... d) 90,000 years.

The residence time of silicon in seawater with a) True.

100 respect to modern influx is less than that of b) False.
cadmium.
NPS pollution cannot be traced to a direct a) True.
101 discharge point such as a wastewater treatment b) False.
facility.
a) True.
Point source pollution can not be monitored and b) False.
102
controlled by a permit system.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects
NPS pollution comes from a specific source, like a) True.
103 a pipe, factories, industry, municipal treatment b) False.
plants.
(NPS) Pollution is pollution associated with a) True.
104 stormwater or runoff. b) False.

Sewage & cleaners from boats are examples of a) True.

105 point source pollution. b) False.

grass clippings are examples of nonpoint source a) True.

106 pollution. b) False.

a) Sediments.
……... can reduce light penetration in stream, b) Nutrients.
107 clogs gills of fish and aquatic invertebrates. c) Toxics.
d) Pathogens.

a) Sediments.
b) Nutrients.
……... are an indicator of possible viruses c) Toxics.
108
present in the system. d) Pathogens.

Avoidance of direct discharge of pollutants into a) True.

109 water bodies is an example of upstream method b) False.
of controlling water pollution.
a) Settling ponds.
b) Septic tanks.
An example of a long-term Downstream methods a) Trench latrines.
110
of managing sewage: b) Septic fields.

a) True.
Using septic tanks is an example of downstream b) False.
111
method of managing sewage.
a) Plastics.
One of the following is not one of the causes of a) Fertilizers.
112 a) Heavy metals.
soil pollution:
b) Haze.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects

a) 300.
b) 400.
113 It takes ……... years to disintegrate water bottles. c) 500.
d) 600.

a) X-ray.
b) Gama rays.
Photodegradable or biodegradable plastic c) UV rays.
114
contains an element sensitive to ……... d) Alpha rays.

a) 6 %.
During the manufacture ……... of starch and b) 7 %.
115 Oxidizing agent (vegetable oil) added to c) 8 %.
polymers d) 9 %.

a) Sulfur oxides.
b) Ferric oxides.
Metallic salts present in soil interact with c) Nitrogen oxides.
116
oxidizing agent to form ……... d) Hydrogen oxides.

a) True.
Starch present increases water resistance of b) False.
117
plastic.
Accumulation of pesticide residues in biosphere a) True.
118 creates ecological stress causing soil, water, and b) False.
food contamination.
a) True.
Application of organic manures and biofertilizers b) False.
119
reduce the soil from pollution.
a) Xenobiotics.
b) Heavy metal pollution.
Most are slow poison, accumulate in the body c) Fertilizer pollution.
120
and cause serious disorders d) Agrochemical pollution.

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CIW 331 Environmental Impacts of Projects

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