8:41 2028112124 Objectives template
Theory of Hydrodynamic Lubrication
‘+ Thin fim of oil, confined between the interspace of moving parts, may acquire high pressures up
to 100 MPa which is capable of supporting load and reducing friction. The salient features of this
type of motion can be understood from a study of slipper bearing (Fig. 27.2). The slipper moves
with a constant velocity U past the bearing plate. This slipper face and the bearing plate are not
Parallel but slightly inclined at an angle of ay. A typical bearing has a gap width of 0.025 mm or
less, and the convergence between the walls may be of the order of 1/5000. It is assumed that
the sliding surfaces are very large in transverse direction so that the problem can be considered
two-dimensional
1
P=
as
rearing plate
Fig 27.2 - Flow in a slipper bearing
+ For the analysis, we may assume that the slipper is at rest and the plate is forced to move with a
constant velocity U
The height h(x) of the wedge between the block and the guide is assumed to be very small as
compared with the length / of the block.
‘+ The essential difference between this motion and that discussed in Lecture 26 (Couette flow) is
that here the two walls are inclined at an angle to each other.
Due to the gradual reduction of narrowing passage, the convective acceleration y@ is
ao
distinctly not zero,
+ For all practical purposes, inertia terms can be neglected as compared to viscous term. This can
be justified in following way
Inertia forece u(ufdx) pu? ft A )
Viscousforce” pF ufay?) wufie u XT.
‘The inertia force can be neglected with respect to viscous force if the modified Reynolds number,
:
1 oP ca
v
+ The equation for motion in y direction can be omitted since the v component of velocity is very
small with respect tow . Besides, inthe x-momentum equation, 32y/ax2 can be neglected as
compared with 22/22. because the former is smaller than the later by a factor of the order of
{h/1)2. With these simplifications the equations of motion reduce to
hitpslarchive.npel ac infcontentstoragez/courses/112104118lectur-27/27-3_hysrodynamic. lubrication hm 198:41 2028112124 Objectives template
poem ors)
oy? ar
‘The equation of continuity can be written as
fr)
Q= Judy 7.7)
a
‘The boundary conditions are:
aty=0,u=Uatx=0,p=
aty=hw=Oandatx=1p=po (278)
+ Integrating Eq. (27.6) with respect to y, we obtain
1
Z2P are
pdx
+ Application of the kinematic boundary conditions (al y=0, u =U andy = h, U=0), yields
uau(i-2)-2 @(_2)z 79)
a) op aa Ba
ae dp
Not that is constant a far as Integration along y is concerned, but p and 2 vary along x
a it
ans.
ap,
+ Atthe point of maximum pressure, z= hence
i
¥
usU}1- = (27.10)
(-2) (2710)
‘+ Equation (27.10) depicts that the velocity profile along y is linear at the location of maximum
pressure. The gap at this location may be denoted as h’,
+ Substituting Eq. (27.9) into Eq. (27.8) and integrating, we get
Uh ph
Oe
ye
orp’ 24 27.1)
where p' = dp jae
+ Integrating Eq. (27.11) with respect to x, we obtain
ca
2 ax= 6 yu] 12n9| 27.12%
ee ern
6pU 6,
or p= ae +03 (27.12b)
aa 44) alan?
hitpslarchive.npel ac infcontentstoragez/courses/112104118lecture-27/27-3_ hydrodynamic. lubrication hm 29pt 023112104 Objectives template
where a =(hy-))/? and C3 isa constant
* Since the pressure must be the same (p = pq), at the ends of the bearing, namely, p = pp at
x= 0 and p = pg at.x=I, the unknowns in the above equations can be determined by applying
the pressure boundary conditions. We obtain
Unhy — mp 6a
heh 4 BOT
+ With these values inserted, the equation for pressure distribution (27.12) becomes
(27.13)
is uniform, Le. h = hy=hy, the gauge pressure
will be zero. Furthermore, it can be said that very high pressure can be developed by keeping
the film thickness very small.
+ Figure 27.2 shows the distribution of pressure throughout the bearing
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