Summative Assessment Pointers for Review

School Year 2023-2024 School Unit Senior High School

Grade Level 11 Subject CLASSICAL LATIN LANGUAGE
Term SEMESTER 1 Teacher Magister Manuel Ramon O. Escasa

➢ First Declension Nouns

▪ amica, amicae ▪ misericordia, misericordiae
▪ amicitia, amicitiae ▪ natura, naturae
▪ agricola, agricolae ▪ patria, patriae
▪ nauta, nautae ▪ porta, portae
▪ poeta, poetae ▪ provincia, provinciae
▪ aqua, aquae ▪ puella, puellae
▪ femina, feminae ▪ silva, silvae
▪ filia, filiae ▪ tuba, tubae
▪ fortuna, fortunae ▪ via, viae
▪ gloria, gloriae ▪ vita, vitae
▪ gratia, gratiae ▪ Italia, Italia
▪ insula, insulae ▪ Gallia, Galliae
▪ lacrima, lacrimae ▪ Maria, Mariae
▪ lingua, linguae ▪ Africa, Africae
▪ littera, litterae (in plural, it can ▪ Asia, Asiae
also mean “letter,” as in the one ▪ Europa, Europae
sent to people ▪ Roma, Romae
▪ memoria, memoriae

➢ Second Declension Masculine Nouns

▪ dominus, domini ▪ legatus, legati
▪ ager, agri ▪ ludus, ludi
▪ amicus, amici ▪ nuntius, nuntii
▪ annus, anni ▪ oculus, oculi
▪ campus, campi ▪ puer, pueri
▪ deus, dei ▪ servus, servi
▪ equus, equi ▪ vir, viri
▪ gladius, gladii

➢ Second Declension Neuter Nouns

▪ bellum, belli ▪ frumentum, frumenti
▪ caelum, caeli ▪ malum, mali
▪ donum, doni ▪ oppidum, oppida
▪ debitum, debiti ▪ periculum, periculi
 ▪ principium, principii ▪ saeculum, saeculi
▪ regnum, regni ▪ verbum, verbi

➢ Irregular Verbs

SINGULAR PLURAL

First Person sum sumus

Second Person es estis

Third Person est sunt

▪ Sum, esse takes nouns in the Nominative. For example, “Sum Agricola.” “Vir poeta est.”
▪ “Est…” can also be translated as “There is…” “Sunt” can also be translated as “There
are…” “Est aqua.” “Sunt lacrimae.”

SINGULAR PLURAL

First Person possum possumus

Second Person potes potestis

Third Person potest possunt

▪ Possum, posse takes infinitives. “Potestis navigare.” “Possumus oppugnare.”

➢ First Conjugation Verbs

Remember that the second word in every pair of verbs is the Infinitive form, usually translated as
“to + the verb.” The infinitive goes with “possum, posse,” as in “Potest pugnare.” That can be
translated as “He can fight.” Or “He is able to fight.”

Paro, parare can also take the infinitive, as in “Paro pugnare.” That can be translated as “I prepare
to fight.”

▪ ambulo, ambulare ▪ oppugno, oppugnare

▪ amo, amare ▪ paro, parare
▪ clamo, clamare ▪ porto, portare
▪ confirmo, confirmare ▪ pugno, pugnare
▪ demonstro, demonstrare ▪ servo, servare
▪ do, dare ▪ specto, spectare
▪ laudo, laudare ▪ sto, stare
▪ libero, liberare ▪ tempto, temptare
▪ navigo, navigare ▪ voco, vocare
▪ occupo, occupare

➢ Other words you should know

 ▪ non
▪ in
know the difference between how it is used: “in campo” and “in campum” for example.
“Portas gladium in campo.” and “ Portas gladium in campum.”
▪ et

➢ Look up the translation exercises I have given you, plus the Latin-to-English translation exercises
on pages 32, 33, 36, 37