Ins mgs Riga uty NEF (218) bc ci esc ine be ‘een pn ey par wrt conan canes oo WES thaconmeneto ew stato soe reo ke ete the oven Mhcurturnoe decimated terre ndng NeFram otobutseteng eee pain ring sty rate or woe. 1 Gilet pening ong pos sty. ct ‘maga crn wens taken nd ier scan chmee cher cate mn wuneeeanriea/eatterryepras ote) ‘atresia gener ave coyote ‘Smo res prea se dct mee eFeepmerecncemarclent ton 1 crops re mein gt, ling a i nce ae sci centr tty ge ah ore as tn pcones anew o coasts nvr or ange teres tote pln yu col ea ces ost Us coua atthe srg evel me fe the next cape sede thei oberent ste rd pene pacice Ti fen pracinone Two Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy ommeuniss a0 ENSTENGE BEIOMEC TH ‘ ( “HE Kons when Be) wees of iar // Ingato ofthbiggs caenges proce iso find a wy tvough the ‘hat oppesion aul Tring Stordnaon bs people of veel. The chllege af commiiy eeepc to eet the condone fe people to became conden and fatonomoun ste oactogetherta bang shout hang So wha ca alo Fei the Bran a educator oer th proce Pl Fee Peer Mayo yah conic ats ong whole age clara worken seen ogee Soda itis sow bos Tass he esenceaferng pans Ande Spiny Sat Nia Free sys, dncovering hidden knowedge (Fe, N. Ihe kerr grnted conmdicion of eer i ofa ines chper I explore the reteance of Palo Fri rel Sr wering Seo th pict opts nto at Exsy introduction tothe relevance of etal pedagogy By crcl pedagogy, Freee eins cpoweting education, education that sso eye ena conten tks crite connection eh srs of soci dace a acs change thangs tebe Fic iss pres wath comma development! I stern ht oecam ope pope ming Ah te fa eis based on the in this 9, simply means popular education 1s thar dace apt the the eppened (1972), odes eH he sand uruglr of everyday lk. which let atorthow wh Te ocr purpos oto make Mo se more ween Earth cae asc that oe jeg and foe vogenun sida pt change Tis ect be done wim als re Show vere the ise ofthe Feege! by eon the rere el tr pocen cil pea collecve her than ini (Ring be on etic! conautnen ein questioning nd eapoing the Her SS Raswge amd power ea to 2 be knowledge he oer TeSSe er change eat ofthe proces an andersanding that docaton sae icrenher engening he sats qu by deepens the seacres sa cee sal egy orks qusboring expen 0 Shonping the svucae fo cee shee Saute sed on fen, sce and See i i neuer eeu piggy facie on the poi od oe of SSIS UR rheugi a Proce fra ad lag a exegetical “Sule the oundtion ofl cin hang "Pe ae moony storys he oo apie theory pace rhs the nng thse. Raber han perso fabs ies, ed TREE non uning pros ol my of Fog, on ju wy f wok [Bede oscil usen hi appro to elacaon wa no to-lown BEE PeeerSiexning ie moans egal bons, His edaay wa ESSE Rca or an uhory gure bao colon the on eee cal pedagogy ta became hn work There sna tine win adoesce ou mands bs fw who sho peak fous onan emo eve crear bat thinking nd ling a kode eke on of thse ae ease cece the cles withthe pion C0 aC Pee ides Free cea peggy (s+ pros of conscentnation (oF ‘Geston ce eli by necroping te err greed acepance of EETRGESE ie smuauors fom 2 dance geste toa more quioning enon em the we That of ueioning Begs © hms we Ine by but ve no ed becuse they a1 cult erly n Fez ein ae Pea ime fr the community opezed na paotgraph and TEESE hing te pp to see Boats ite pees it iio Diogu een oars bgin tsb mols betwen facnpowerment sd sve einen, Tate cf cing he wo an merece of te wy th poner heaps ome ForlcedGladenape cen, ns clesie dro wart ou Fico pedigoy sally gle “Ts chapel ce you deeper nn nderaning how 1 we getty inyor wn parce Pa wat sae hogs aba ow ISpepue ors sppanch iy unncanng oe hikng Bae Dehumanisation Fri cite erm dmaniationoenphasiethe wasn which oppeson ‘es people of tei righ ob fly hans in he wood For ino be bes and neon wel, we ate to rte 3 er tha ate rope the chance eo develop tek porential ss3conmbuton tothe vil Set esrmination and peronal awonory eo ealetve senor amore fly ncsocing sod engaged society Ins way, erence very roees cna sabodiaon sway (ie tat demande exon peloge rhe few with consmon goo fr al Torry st dehoraiing experience tit cee a cme of owes, deroys conence nde bl kits oppor, adobe peopl of et ops pcre Conmanty developments comminen foil ce izmelresbelering in peopl to sach a extent ht Uy bee in themile ‘That the undaon of empomesoent sod the begining owe change: ppos we could ce as afore ep tm retry the funeral fig te ly human snd engaged in te woo Ars pstons fink fo be dunking snd eonacioun,cpale of tng tebe change et es do change the wold. Who bbe, impo fo work wi Si eet dale nd sacra and ea wl etre Seaport Ts sie th th fe ep om the ph ne off Pause for thought. Sderietnnrayn tn comtrei hon eu ners do oat sept Wk etn wen no wcrc genes hve came ree 2 prec cuirer nee treo orc gonWe atl prac of ee ties in whic ates of poor people have Been TUG ibe croumges iment on siping of ene Bris seer ewan wheter thse Keyan iam our practice Thi ces TUG eR the pees ofbecomng ere a mck ayone ee Pho SESRITIESad ia bar we cn make ue tat we become more comcou of a erre ce sien Gm he beat he ois ths poole ting chiding Ta ipl of ey cop power Man on ee hc tnt of emponcren and ees Poet fo en sept ah muta pa et of Bama caring We could ‘Sitean nr of f-hinaniotonrexring te rie 0 becose lly arn “Thine about the mes when you have not bec snc andre the gst ho ns PERE itis by souey ater tote coed w ore eo Some ‘utco, sad you bein to pts es of how te experience eoesiteny Run onddnce dees opporunes ag edocs ie hace ‘STibisrnd tar ne mon power ayo cond peoge 10 sin scrt of mpenyifoo everyting a TEEJaMe end epee sou wl our. Iu a dnd mush your nny your ender your cre ra ENE pound and even tow our eect ten wl ish eer denying hopes nd pions ete pon you coal Be ease wy tht poner woe neatly lence people atthe atetMtiet dunking Ad ence me bein to goeton thee power eins gery and nein ce Bikers HE and we ce Powe A in verry ial snd ‘Structural dscimination ane ca mis nea re Terns wn ce mo ey omc ery SS TUSESTE Tethered mtn Pada ret pen Frei approach nes dentin and gesionng the conmaion ty inorder ent the rot cae feel inpusie. For ire, cong or tn 8 per cet ofthe repre fe economic rt ced yd ged ‘tebe wey beng pid ory the poorest in UK soc sanumiceepable ardor hts ring led ot ey an noe moms lenge. As Fhe same ce, ete irmaniveresance eo incresing oan lve dy che velig nner of excel ths edie weahtoanaceptale {evince to ede eal dvitonn, Th jie by pr proces of being poo people lle nd undcervingo jny he aning othe Pathologitag poor people capone for srting thee ort opp is mje thr defecation fo the drnintory srctaes a ose hac se wideing socal vino» pen of unseat The poco ‘ge begin inthe comny and Plo Freeflow bach he et and {he pct tonto develop acne proach to pace tar tle ees om be gro wih global each, Paulo Freire and the power of ideas to transform practice Paulo Fri ides consormed my undentanng of pone these tine ruform my peeice tm Ihave worked wis ne ad ets who ges ached by the es ad see ther ice leven in todays pte consent In 1997, Pao Free fn Oras, Nebnst, 20 alsing tat fs deh wat imminent Hi sy. ogee ih hi uncompromising acon at gh to become ily hn out cin ws pupal is mpl on en Usdin he pp beewen hk and dng ee wh hs chalenge et we aot expect tobe a pase pce He tle ofthe way be ontnaed to wor at undencaning ead ppd that we sald l pee 0 a pling the leene of tes to he way Wetec the woe, dting der i other, od inten hen face peace When we doth we bd te Trident ary ad presi Frc ble nash edunon fname gh for everpone fhe elton andi hala sprachea keg owing ht cote fot tng al cxperence wel mtb nlx Sean nety democracy A puradon ht wwe et the undentnding thu dived sie an anhapy, eine oe ta dniihs the selling of crys sich nd a woe thu ets prot above human welding ping why ome peopl hod Iieexcese'y nck othe we ane aot ae uncceply prot A baie approach o making seme of norponing lig experince andes expo te sc quer Byte see token, Bfigmenedspprsch co ng wie of Me bon gmat rs concFur 21:Pso re, 121-97 rie nd crimination sheng ou fp Cs Fs hers hls preach o Knowing the wot cag ovis of every Hs they sca chnge I nnd on edo fthovgh ad fedom ‘fbcng he enene ofsmpowertent an acters profuse fo people nu te mods enentalconponena of rise approach, oly 2 Wt, ico ket “Soba on whet I hive id abour experience an lings being vil eo cnmannity deslpments theory sod pase lh explore sme apes Frei if ory ta inonced is es, Paulo, the boy early experiences that influenced his ideas Palo Fee wa orn on 19 September 192, in Rec, Now Has Rel Hi bther waa ary vegan sed hs thera anaes, enn French wel Sherine langage org othe mother of fren, Plo wate ourge ofthe fs, bt oer cken ie before he knew then pp cbihood with an sfestonse ber ans quiet and ender oe He eed ed wth hs pros ner the shade mango ei a {pee withthe round i Hc a wig a he ch des by ‘good fiend Caton a living Ee anpretentouspreseool (994 p2. Thay chdood wn changes overt the ae oe wth he pit af the worl ecnont Depoon Fe war woken pf hs ea when my or everything th he 1925 wea crs fap’ Pre N, 2014 Aone with moe Neth Ea Bras, hs Gay wu ange 2 a tre ihe 13 de fo Ree boa in 18 (whewlit seme emer The hh epesnee of pote etd im lyon Peo pin bto on 3 ofthe Bran poplin Asan yeaa ews pled bythe ple wer ced ae a sgce yt satng dads nd Ieee hag cng tn en dn eaprenetoe ary opr an ‘lap Tis een expres chs oon hs pea Input ofponry on ME cans, ee sow yng el ed Een Tundra ying Dose oy Range mat ack of co ytd conton St Slow me ohne anton Execs ewe te ome agin th atone tld nd Ene (gece Gans ep) Pauce or thoueht— 7 Fra bouton hcedatonsstnedby hig: Tika then soey ceeeeere terete seue Finite at nl $2 when ee, ad Fie was oly 13.The se in they sued gether had ach an pct on the yung Pal tht aed te {a alia a algae group wth Wale de Oliva in 196 the yest tele Freie ded heeled out bth the rig aod che repponsiy we Sve to wok atbecomning whe we sv depts exer fe cor nu reves bippeing. Fre tal the llwingtry sou the enon he earned ote ME he shred with fiche Tes very rage toy hat 1am svete yours ld and der unm era eth, He et in 1984 a fl hin pence amon be ch Ws hs nBuene and enence In childhood. ar shore experience my ter gee le ie meee mony of expect others Wah hm leaned oleae. For example, be ws» Spt.» flower of ‘Alan Kade, he Fach pl My mater was Cab ‘Ofcourse he was oe achuscger. He i ot accep the wayof belie Gol ofere by he Cathale Chotch, This win the fis rs ofthe cetry eanuinsing sfc case a is openness find his counge-{nonember when [wn een ea old here ms Gneoweck mason sn te ph we ed nw] patted in ‘and U was tind fr my fin comin nthe hutch A he ‘ad tome"T wl go with you" You canner eat ow tht spec Tanke me ul noe That ws + des undentndine of erence frees rth deren He ould ay*No esl come Time you eo commas iy opt inch» Le On tecons te weat the cha and ge mea Barase ample of theabyle sd fndsmenlimporan forse oer abo nd ow daca tamfomaton ith 9p 218 9p 49) ‘Refecing on is HE with his ther, Free Ine the mening of fear, reopen ay Tater eth bog went to werk nd rows m -choolng oan arup ha el is lerbcher od One te Fie ay beh cee RShasbepanto tere sun rit wate eatin of te a eset tiene ay of ming ete of he moda dep anderen of FEUNTDutpovcy wos lene and dehumane people The if be sed eee cin Ronle fom poor fans and hm ede im into» eet REE onder came to nereand htt contained vert Ss Toes Ts eaperience bul onthe ear of Gedo ad expe fr Siteence hc be ia ea foundation for ie ied oot g igh shoo ol be wa 16, What huraon he being cangicwith yonnge chides of 11nd 12 Ard by theme e pt Rec Tams to ad ews ovr 2 equaled ond worked liwye.hen Nee chat ormpuce language teacher ad aly aan ale eds Goce became eae vs pation Freire: his adult life and work revaswhen ews wekingsahighishod teacher hat ie met Ee etiany est eseker My meeang her wa one ofthe mos cet mesg Ter ubtadis Gado 004 p 8 wn Ens who eneourge him ro bse hs anh wot neh ve himin pn Se Mri ber for hcl: to She conted 12S alge acne on hf and won, om te mete marie wen Te, Sooner death 40 ys er With El, be Became volved in the ‘ie Colne Acton Movement uy ase non TSE S icc tah andthe peed is of congepion plano be deve he lace of be poser to ge 3p ee eit tne consaeune ation be pcg dos aot meu el Peet change Rebecngon toms scton be capture he eed fr all 1 nl ny Bess thig but meno spc This os cent tet ie uted i Mackie, 198,79 3-4) TA Specie and commited bt hae wos 20 enough be nent per yo en the and be open a Sot nytt sped by ere experiences was abt by Che it conte ea eveyay wth al oe » hey eng ne sari (ee N20 r adore teste eece i 0 formate, and power x ee: el change fom toleance, pect fr othe» commimnent ed {hn nd hep be Ton ws» oerg pce amet importance of lay that exe fom he with es. “Sorin he eof pl in pve) edn so wane tee shat he Ba eo child oad the wy thi oppression eae rate acepance of mj condtonsbcaue people ke teal rl ‘Eig a one te nd oh cis plage. He oe Tay ebeed with ide but the pecing det nosey oe son tutte people to cel and wit om s coc penpecine care tcl cf quctoning the tere th ures dcp rod a throw neu treo he dig tact fra mae fa da wo, “The profound iii fis thoght gun to emege when he wa speed Dieu of Eveston 2 SEI at eplojen xprion er wees a0 he En, se he te conrcicoen berarn l seic ed theme ne ofthe wosing doe nr ey He bg ee at Tension wuld no be Randel vt om top down ba ad tobe deme fet Kom gatos svn. Th nah ed Pee to ender the ‘Lown rina involed er nein tensches, oppreed peope ao feta open, sac nth ing she Movement Poplar Clare and he eve aces of Src bce the cs of dove om Ree Uaeny toss ThnledoscharntlitryandPhlopty of cation the Recs University nt 964, when te war lnprione to 1962 be ecue deer a the povernment roel adi tency poganmneb Nor a See Baa fel eduaton movement dnignd cope wh nose ery n Ba Titra cng wanton the lef cence of negng Insite! dalogee once they se eco he le Hee we nee Gonnecton beers hus sh con ces pat Aer theo Sppacrcn, Fete became deer ofthe nalod tecy pops ar, i. Dosing th prio, there wee widesprend soo ny By 196, Ce wee Sites 20 he pn wo ea 200 car ce, nod rck ost ome nang the bt to ofthe ani nd Hines ersingo sel, Rather han me thei en nin Boos tat ec he dominant idelogy, fr exam,» Whi bees Ei iasy-achone mtr sl tr be orca wor, eed ie dovigs 0 cpa ager les fost the pocen of uerioning i Ghesenng de So popes every expec ec nein Forex, th ht fee bean, bu crcl nope woul ike eta why hey seg ad who bees om he pos‘Whe fw in Nitogu in 1985, Fae hese maser oy ectve pal poet Tipsy ropa poor quty pup Dut enor oat pectic to quo hl ely mode oe 0 “ladon ina [lk oteabour bow tse ts approach ne TaN potd ise ht lenny a ei fr eri v cipoung then cen econ and powered it ae Seay ote nee wes he mulinsonl bicked military coup = ‘ra 1364 ree ww arse ripped of is ofesonip nd nprsone ible for 75 dap ad he wos eased deo ng =| He hao the Beslan pole (Got, 1994,p 89) Hs ater eee ston! ben ogre Hat encouraged por pea fad seal ink ad hin abe nerve, ea othe ses quo (MNS altho became lett 0 Fei thi ston pi and he wa conned ‘trea hg cons fom grsons ton Ana the cg ee eas when re pote au in Bolin be cepted ea PERRSPRe agen Basen de ater tere was coup in Bobi, and ie sin aon cnet to Chie where conse as work athe Tt fr ‘Reset Sung in Agaan Refinn Cle gave im te oppor C0 RESIDE hs peony in eon ad prose Bom his ferent cle and oluea penpette te dutsion Be fom arom the bord ‘ave fons Chile for 1964 190) Hs approach teria pedagogy Ws toed inthe Unsed Nasoas UN) wher ian ri 15 eo TaD lhe sleoiogy Daring his ie in Che be va al Nu ihe in power woring-cs onan (Te, Tooah The inence fhe and acon ws weld Play of potato pase nage in 168 According to Halt, Free ok vonent rheoreJevepme in ‘im need oak Pay of te epesel on oe ‘Soh Spates tout on opr een ods ay (e206) Sec eltbe mow more danentons of reuy pelaggy hatte x Wher become a coecte sppnich osc The pu ohne experiencing poner led hi wih te p Creston andr come opts egy fo change To nd explanations he SPUN bo the hore more lec give hm al he 13 ORS IMAG Scar was gang ov in he on note of hse beng who ceo bcs Jee res 201). Hesiod awe age eee iS) ating acing Sree Mae Che Goran, Fil Cara ‘ess Bony he enlace ofthe Fase School and Aan inka ‘ASSca cabal Feo Fans and his Njer Ts eect pouch en [ together wit the ed experiences of king with peopl in he ‘Beene i concep hough and pain T9097 he pete at Harvard Ving Profesor athe Ceate ty of Devlopeent and Sail Chang The in 19 lol one othe DeprtneroFEacaion ‘Cliche, He aye in hn pon unl 198), an adver on eatin eer, Daag tine tha he developed pope elucation apace with dere rou of po "Fhrughout is period, Frit infunce pen, and is ctl pedagogy beste ieresizaly racial fal poplar edocs enpped planeta projets sound the word. Th concep of TRemclntiaacn) ve night in the pola ature opoplr Srna and cdvinggoveenmens eo ring he Se x yn of i ong Peiodafeie ha monclcbeaed wo, Pag of hep, wwe il out hi eon a sea hinder of ime (yo, 2004) ‘Ade te amen of 17 be wort bucky Brahe allowing et ne scaring Baby reg Gra! an ening 9 the poplar Gram 99"p 13) By poplar Grams he mens no hat he People nthe nel te sany tows, a 8 Gran, bt ht Fe, et eding Goh coul basin he ready He the way top-down ower them. Thishappenedio me er eadng Pee: oust Tale Foren con eeryhere ane These wee wasn whichis hang he way we make tee ofthe word we begin tse te wa Free totic cxperence of snd he way a thy mide ese Twat Berean oy creng ot i led experince ~ we pay theory web tr deepen our they, Grass ti [Abboogh ts org interes wa in te evace of peoples education in Aendopng counties pricy though ine. ‘and lberation theotogy, N Attics and Esroe oping tht ue of elation and drone fence The aero Fea ego hsp a wie fen piggy srl rand wide wa Ineace fo hse commited oa moe Eat and jm work. The ieapae Patecn = Tore pu st 20 wel, thi pode pedagogy a snd Feces mcs by ol chung developed in he Mbse Wot (ees 1950 9137), : Tre joied the Worker Py in Ines pj Waen he Pay Beery of Edocaton Pau and eli 1988 sx yrs ed al ited Sia aso{ 4 d ein a io Paulo State, asking him to ‘continue i ve from Paulo Freite’ (quoted ee ese Se Gant ayo yo te Be ls ae er tt cour lene od ia {Ginaro Tec Seno ia Sto Pe, rr 1970 Thisseen ls Frit egg wh i peggy combining thors plc epeccr an aig’ © poe Wi te Fou o Seige ape of change ocd us “hen Eset ose Fee toni companion nd cole tichcn maid Ans Mar Ango (i) oR Sed othe dye (eran who hel Meh woo dh aen dea 997 (ne 200 re wnd sew cathe aw 1 yet ihe eS ofc n So Pa (90-1) tag te Poa Sushil cnc coogi les de gy eOppesed conics Sutnad hy Doug Prcnows th Unveay 1 Neti es 99 Both ee a Aap Boa ean “Sisrt Tian eps ae cone hn aes ye tate cig he esac Ts pot, ow Petey st The fee Oypmnel tel an smal conten tence the Uso ‘hema Pasa wove fours one he deepest tts wrt ew a he ee ate} conte ate Unety Cel Lanse Presa, Un pings hayes promos Secepong bron ofc woke ptt inher ov dade Spaitar Spvete fcelmcnce nove Td d delaras ty vin ation tM expen Uniewanng re i ory tng oh wy a a re Snel hi xpince bd ow yh cr acd plc mes [hil pow sche ener rey concept pal {ppteon afk woo ars the cm the nn cape alr cel pdaey Becoming crtcalnew possiblities for knowing and being we atin she word. Tiss findament forunertnding ree approach, The sore we ae od om th ne wee ‘omn sbot our place Sos, fr example, fly, commuy eachers tod he me, ave uch eng ntuenceon hw’ we ake ere oe wold found ve th they re ictrnlaed 1 ommon one, Tse seumptiony se Infra unquestioned ta 0d hard to bre huge thot (Baten the ick ocd enionane ‘When ke What can we do order to flow yoo? Fre, his om Taine way wy flow me, you decoy eT be ay fr you > ident me torment me and not yo become alpndo me (i bed ie Frere, K and de Oni, 2014 p 7)! To anderen hi ning IBimportn owes on how he seas obo i hers impesion on Hs Undesandng of fern: ferdom to chak wal fedor so be cio or Fev not asm, prep owning grout the FBundson of inva atonomy and vocal agen esning om the putonions ofthe presented by a clecie seme fsa aera nkng boner uesons ht pope the noe (GD ee i Nan de Olen, 2014p) For Fre aeaton he Scie ticong ins tough cle guoinng wich open ae rents apoio tolte woi hp Beare serpent experence ves nde the fie ep 9 el ce n Say fra common good maison ha expore pardcale pole ines and it specific cultral/Socal context within an ethics and Giroux postal ‘expres, it i's pedagogy of laughter, of questioning, of se neon faa dw chon toe aon sane feceneerromareonnmrcenrereteanaton aie te py Grin ering conten enables people o come together and crigue wha [Stuppning nthe ies rer ye the wy char powers pat of eed Those cia pac atte coment quesoning he wo 7 ‘contacto in esto act clletinly to bane hing fr te beter. At Ahr pt et explore how to ue he de ito pie wey In ation. ‘Community development as critical pedagogy replaces great expos om pra uy of ction ad efecto 0 tat ‘Pat orden! and cr inking shout wit we do her) bound oper enc pocesppyingtcory scion and doling theory fo tt scion, ‘Th beromet eusrnate pro when suse pope in thei pole Tlntee ening ad quooning che uj contactors of every i Freie cea piggy ta poco oral conesounen leading arn mae queoned ston ol ‘within every re hth knee Shiogeer foe change The vel i tej powe atom by anders the pee ince onder change the Praca pedagogy oc onl bed on uy of power bling wt acer ow power sone at oferty but he os covet took restos in pace so undercnd the conctonrbetwee ower td power Th ste fundaon for what reel Being eatin Doct ideology ued onthe oid contruction of knowledge that od to soci Econion vere 2 wy of aceping the denn oder of things scoing fosohe ta fen sere the teres ofthe no power ther ha the Power Becoming cca invlves expnns th suman hat cee ht Teli Pade Fret contains ica denne the ipotaace of an Yh sheoy in acon urine we go abot cur eee price. thecal of epic ont popes es ae the Inge hs om tar ity Tit why Fre sni tht heoy eed Expopis trie f enn and why the ounaton a our pce Dy tioning whe hapenig rund ny we tne othe began of fre yay ofseig the wold Ths Or he ass of sang ogee cobectely pen deter hoe cond fo bring abou change fom a etch mre snayse perpen, i a2) Asha bc when praca ons age sel an change the wos spy by Bole ewe of sacason coders esa pedigogy The sarang pon or Trista see hat education can never be neal polis neon ass Holt 1 domes we fu 9 undertund ine oe the ways Twinn over ind dosanaton ate woven toh te wry abi of sey,re hei lt We ao i he poi that ou ale pe conten bering econ ole SERGE th iouces of Gscanioaon thie eae soca inequlty TS 26 Se Spacing the weed dso acon for change opeing up pobes for Tle om sci jee wn I plan fp at cave win popes a ettes bua gy a pig ove oped ‘compat for peopleand the plane. Toure epee «srctoner i popular ciel poagagse Gy cme fagency an infeed bya ology of ml, es reprocl elouiy with eon appearing eBvaton a7 Thea rant lern sina ne ach Tete wer ose te pial TRipenol ves» poco ml Scorer We never el people what 0 Tae Tling people what hick ery plas one fxm of prion wih her ht spc abt fei poe mind tk nd iad ‘Meta Tuti oel shi the ane of power oleate een REE'SEE kc muna commento damande what uta and et and BREET of pony tn which everyone and everthing his cance Poe Fenonaiy refed tht love of fe iene of ee vas with wich he engaged EY to people ad be ee Th troentaning ped eon pow Pa “hcoume {fad wth poole When i Sipe a8 ‘A story: Mindfulness everydoy encounters ‘anny bean come ne ny domang slow as oe dm ‘Sneed rhe mane corng ot ft ot Tn and Jie neem yorssn nt tn own on yur Wt be Totes ya nyt Pld = he gay erste oh ‘Sint anes conan cere scorn ne he mr i rahe cre es gare none tm reget of ela othe “Sirona te nado crear sf mae eta hw es ‘say uapunge cont ear ns ono ina ven eed ni cnr ‘overuse nsec Tk pons ef at linge me ‘Fi Titnote pr ution th ramet qo of eyecare #1 SETLIST esZatte mero oad oy bert ange No ‘Sena we ex ge rina jo apache steps approaches i ines ngs rion of pracsel opiate i change Wain hele Frinan concep the belt thar collective action can bring about ove fel, re fe ae aed ls tat Petter ourinneruaiesand quali anda bat ciel engage Tithe wos oer cede conmdins tha revel ower a e Theory in ection 2 coming eel taste ec iy epee dence ‘rr a wre to mg te oor) ceopmet mg «spt Coates ces vated aces lt suing sre congener desag hn pn Guan ‘engtantietcange ou ft over Pa Ay oh poner in ty pil cote a Net ey the tot im rie te Sis tretme Prt] rr tountrndiowcopserserenson tt emote rc at Deter pane aves Oty bet Sod ‘heey nn (Ux teed orev brn a vee he pane inept apo seaman ge by pomaing sistency enero rang ost tee ed (hoy 5, certitude erica ey manent Stress er cn et Soe opees any lrg ernest tel ton ogingso ne nin horney (Gen 29) mewnercnmanyandopnercoeFur 2.2:Try aeration hry Stepney ont zs ny sem weer eta eeepc dap sao er ec on CARE commer Seuainiyoweepctacchenp ache epee ontoncnmanetheconet ow ats 978910 omy ws eee Tantric unto e noe oe rng fort plot ela oven i oie wich bona andennometed welbengTHREE Kick-starting Freire in everyday practice ins ones wants ob) ost etwas eta. | (one aaus vee {Fw HE fen, 1 inzoduce Pr ri specie concep in spl a ie wn a bgin aha the ato arse spposch o prac The rg the vy hater sgn how to aly thee de we looked at Palo Fe the ma nd ed plc Teucae look she appli in caen the chileng for community work wo overcome the sath : ina Set on of ping pe ha ‘ital consciousness, collective action and social transformation Ass sping poise Snagasson of hi nse. "aon rcp of eb ae de sm spon isco Henbrncv? poi“ exe Fem ky concep within te eh he being a electadhoc pieces wy thy le oki aber han asa By ee shey mgt make ie spenebener onthe suc bt wil Dose See ugh eo halen and change deste of oct ta embed "atthe bear of Fe hits pedagogy & the development of crit avo cing he wold witha ocontadit py rening the contest fre > Took bond what cectinghy meee ad take for rate n everyday ig aon ace inker we oe ce corns fi at WEEE SF oso neque, Ths loess the commaney worker a2 froin roc of tact Btn . sch for chinge Ts 3 precy hy th emt ay ‘Ste sd op nia pes pron epee cal ay Here cea dna coment rout these ive a ca Teson, butt never stops atthe boundary of community, Teensormative change fences onde Snking lol group movers for change TERE. i caleane power to ensorm sac Snes om = uc Se porte rom community worker commit fo ora ce eed a be aware ofthe Tle ance oe pects win ths ae che pace He say othe ee fe Jc commuiy proc ee gt stent penal es win the posal soca and enone yao ho ac a flo Hew the crn he seating ie chants nsoring to frees of domination atl sborkation. ARES a community developmen shout deepening democracy acing ogee o ree Theron is ue, Deed aod esectes ae ake ui int nen af opweion poled comniny win enly 19708 Salalah yea on, he fe te cocept ok or SO desl ocrides ppt freee camer pid changing iso SEE elec tee ad emotomment sna win plas of See devcopmene Here wil iomodce yoo Fri key concep (Soren yore wth she ctor proach. weber her ToGveatids cea tating of is work on oa may shin the comlen of ppeeion inal is etappings sd isertnning nla iach tea juice ink a enero aaaby Ss r Pose to search tt { freire institute Paul Freres key concepts Press os we tl cry ped mesa te Marc indo ae eed Ser ctu sa Jars ernest in eto mon eng on Shou whore pp co ne ied co nt Haji ie cy sarrne oalcnge Tin spl ct Song Bameconsrol over lites circumstances is empowering, energing: if meri ings ieres wih a se of emi. saa tee of sbi Gomiacest) (eines, ce hats abut fecingmindeing in Seang oper to /ervecva~ teu eerecran-\\ (tenes acnad i] wa acne) oy cass a06/ ‘The ping chi between theory ard practice ian anging weak ovnmsty development Ie reduce the potential of prcace focal jie outcome, Pala Free enphated the iporancs ly why ee inte that an his experince an hs ical nes and why Re nignorbe aperipved rea We heck ag te ‘eh th avis happening ints bee and om pei cl nes booted in rpenpecte, ‘the scl tae when rie wae tein cts fr ssing Me Gown oly ctr bed penpectve and ling to lire ‘ace’ and gener tok a adil sand: the aknowiadged tat Freed ges herthe oo to define er wn expesnce faci a Back Ameicnn wanda,» mjc in tne a tse when ety White eins Scones iden bt em Fur 2.2 Acon nd ett dla catasong bx fered. Suling theory na wre not engaging with Mack wont aowlatg or melas debs and bid nas ‘tjotsinl scion and election oer 438 a un wth he conta clangag cones fe Paci w hougiies aon Jobaton, gute a Sn ay pe steer ed acon 25d hi Sos and seme wie opto cer ‘ier oth nn Cone ween Ey a to bane our cage a eee dace emeneory ation rack (EAR) 3 2 ae ee yok imepetng expec, bseton a on he Tr ote ey wah coe concn es finn 8 aie coe ‘rereqes fr prticaon (Tandon, 2008, p28 occene 1a ws seat" roe ens, aes mT (oe sete 1 Et TE MOT) Tine nas OPENS OF BE / \ ess, dr mae QE / \ See ne Moma OF Dehumanisation Frei ue oftehumaintonistmporttn undetanding te ear Spprcnnm the unjarsbve cf power By peg socal oH a Boned props in cierto ele thers and eo depie chem, aaa ancy Daman rns bent om his erat exit eran gros wheter shy havens op evades become med into ec ane tase be eneded ne he nan ova son rn ney Sever sooo Te pet tt concny pet toner | Ire acho ey cre yt pen cores | rhe dacsminnion Become 10 depy embeded i the asmpsons of ihe iisunqutioned and Sioa pontthr anyone ec vdly seni themes peje econ str esos of dena Teoscn veil gop nd be trent in be demon oft chance tough poe, tera poor education omeeaoen poor hth an premature dex wid interac pce opposed poup tote advange of te onan by denying it Sharpoton of rarer Soc atice pave ins oll dete nat Gy ats pencnl or comriy lee bt a ara lel nore fo Sissy reo whine fh scone nthe ey nf ehmaiang othe pen therhuraniy foo which why be ts shout he append ns oly sing Wows aan be exon Se una of he pyrene 72) {Conscientisation Be cry sy ad raisconvesrebreen cep cr ard fhe pal sre of society tha se the reaty Th reall Bl ene of pron flere connec ote sured cumstances of ther Bad ens ie condor or oleevesedon focal ane Frere epee dere of eng af cnneet ion p 109), By th Free mens that ie consiounes Faas ng iach comtcng wn Hat eer otha beard Pep deed by domiane eelogonTo gre othe ea of hse ew aa ree ysl ection te ago ake sa sep ater tha ital Magical consciousness Fecoming cisely sare insect Fee oa he ves tht ebm de nguge of prone mapa gave and cel comes, Shelendat whch pooper rodsedto paiva shige es The bases obi ends rea fae and enpanon ste oes seogged ff nei and tart oben hae yo ear people ha they ae done eS dor been when paleo expla sy she mies he aaa sc pase In apne with Chrsne Morris 1996 Fee Sols hs que or undentanding te power oth slebeing tesa informe to unde hw ese people de with ei Th ac oem un dcrimunon beat of xin o ods ‘eiceot Forme ts ecogy paaed he ecg nde Fasc We hoes the power ofthe counter ack became ‘Sy nln ep he dora Naive consciousness aaa oem people tad to Same thee sg a he Poaceae iets om adegxsen Thnk of how ty Se ou ce itty seo seer soul hve worked ire, of My Fs ndakon oe aso the en rer i sks ugha 1S ccl efgog) teeing en the ingige Se atte loan to hr cae Edeaton tm ae odoin one oer dufennage mabe socal gout way tres ofthe pleges tn oe Critical consciousness Cri contounen say of sng te wor that ‘wh hk pil conte Ti expe ie Coanectont wth the way tat dito Scie icing io people beng, ql dudrenage eter, cons we eb ng. Pe es waste ple ome Falee generosity Fake geoerosity 3 eo orgy coin by Hoge tht nenced Fee Tuning abot hcwythat emp eam gee appenane oF ey whos mpl is might been nthe way th were eneftscne proved to sence el peopl sues a without king why elon inne ofc wiy there en nana employment epporcnie fr pope Thr aks wo Mannie amon the aya sine gape eqns gig it Education Is never neutral / oe ucrrag NSD HAS HE DUTY oF war eng / ur BENE 7 Eston pica proces ican nwt be esa The pic shen tata domeioing hr Dpepting To ake neva Elicina ignoring tne ee Fisiceescsrs ane eponsbiiy saci people ring orienting techng peopl uson ra ogre he pony pli ate it umoge ree mie th oa 9 emp 0 be nee.Banking education Freie est the baking proach econ asthe pe ha pol he {eocherss poner ndal-eowing pouseginmation io th nsiining (Sisiarlemer, wh ae sens conte Oljecs The ductor ae “he Subject andthe leases aie, Objecs Th etd toate ang ‘Pasha bean es depois nthe mace, ling them with as {Bata duced fom ey, covsincngy and unguestoning rl rath [Th the esta method wa ta rr ode! of educa 1 proce tht tans nowledge bred on danse nee in soc and ‘Heron recs the ening kero ny be a / me ben tw ‘Botenon wumaehie 1s A wtt \ mune esau ‘Ht i er ES Cultura invasion Free’ concep of cultura invaion refer eo te cloision of ene sci troup by another The proces rn he vated Tsing thet own el rca the damian care of the ade pon the es hat on eimeralied superior and deine oe way he ded ase te ste ofthe dona sre and become aerated Eom hie ova cat, inordinate an pwede nats of appear opeesed. The orpeson Sh the hskng and we sie Subs he opps so hse asaing lta and besouepste Obes secs deemed fmt wd er then Saget ate in es SOpreson-cneminin consi sop oie by wren Toe anon ofecion acer SSeimewm cpp a teeny ed ons meine lonlxa women amen tafe wel oer and inhibies their creative power. (Freie, 1972, p a ; gn 32 in ogo AK) \s Practice of education for erteal consciousness Selbbelice. This isthe ba a aries(omer & see [er zs ees fe BRAT sree ein osing wih apo ou ws ed on kh erence ERMC Speed emus asd oer power He wndersond Sx ERR kainic the‘oppened who Be hemes al he Syn bese el wo te se and epetenee a sean Be Cr ie pe ‘gts ups pce of el commutes ai “dairy aw wo of knowing lend to the co-reation of 2 Knowledge. LUstening from the heart In onertoundescand the sores ofthe pope ad the lesan nis fever send our gsi ow Peo tothe wommanity i porn nm cepa “gine tesa he yagi ea chil People havea right koou why you ae tres in them, and thi i oppor soba open tating elspa heb of ongoing ta uence proven of change, Fee bere hat i necessary to en people nd rely esr the vay dey el bout thievery en expen nonin she oa nage sl esre The porns comer of fe commu ae everywhee = inthe ares top ox ber snd nestle, in th haitdrenen, calls, perme pbs choo fem cates, Tk to ope Begin to cope common themes ht fern ey ion orn in people hee arethe theme ht begin reorean spac wo pie Generative themes (Grnerative themes athe meant ie and concerns ta merge fo he Sons of peoples everyeny ines They ae called geberse they generate Blo beri they av rlcet peopl experentn snd ht le fom the nyetty ov boplene tn orc fo having a con oer fcirznce, You wil now they ae goer thmey bec they wil Beye cece up in te coe ca ou ea You eu ofa sci ee ar wih tho themes ser pending ine in People wil atone ines on which hey have sg Sing There nk bermeen eration andthe motnton eae Al earn tu Sevlgenens projec shoul aby desing the nae whch tae oa people pest bo with examen ope, fen sty ot dager Hope an Tine, 584,78)[owas Problematising a problematiing pic's bed onthe pea themen ti emerge fom se Tak ete sou enh ep 2 PORE x veto conor Toso cat ho fpf ade pobe Wore POE ae tg eum yea wo ve aver tpt smn nets rept Spine Jel codieatons of te heme Codifications simp chat used to cape the ca yay 8 Te oder to peat code 1 Chpre tear cen fom every delat te ee, 1 er cole ormbigow nd oy TE EEEEe en ot apsring hs pests # Sine pepo cultore ree aa ee eco munya sce pte bing ow te har ee hgh ropa ng ete ‘secm The am to develop ciel con Rol of the animateur Asiatcurs a cial eduaion who simulate Iaming and change with he em fx Ea actos fen hake iy hae coves oc the rechten nat —sepres fhe wy fn Fetes href cal edt comited io werkng fu mal wey wih pars ose crea daogue Thee ae hee ey component ht appro: asin, rte conscusnes and action “Tir ns othe work 9 Auto Bel (20, wo wed errmance te ep exe ees fon evepny experience ine to explore pale Fre To eaplore craps of ing Sema 2 meth of consoumen oct Ie tpting werk of The Lawnmowers todepndent Theate Company in (Gitend North Ee Englands thease fr change’ company van by a [ope wih eaning celeste wmshelawnmone co) (Revival edna wes a Hosea nt aed del ~ tha ofc Ire sad covenhee it aad rlaomhip in wc the ecto at fe ters mo ach a he psp Trop ite cael connection fei niece eae of le ete pega are ler bcdy se-experencing the onary Dear ta every human bang i arable of si once they bog to geen "a reation fo codiictons a crcl educa induce, py es the ont without wing any power or ow do youth Figee 26enhngto question The are dag’ to probe deeper nto the sue and in di ete sca made wi he srr rots of enact “The queoning wil gradual rn yf fcr dapue win the ro oo net Tas we) wn fc Dialogue Dialga a th beat ofthe proce fel oncousen. ina mata opel comminzaton between people engaging the beat thai the elec and emodons rumen enguing ofthe taltoad power ofthe om hale We have many anions Hout the power of the teacher The sninatsur ha ratorhip with the ri ices wit earereiets nthe on need thee open to ern mth to tah ns wy there ef eae hace mal en interangete veryne bene are mo ofc ingiry By bnning othe wore peple tel hou cae lreran npg in re clog, thecommunty worker ne ea eong eons bored on in uneranding ofa cale in tne Geren ao eng oor Gur iew othe word wo develop oem of conned knowing Belen 3 458 ch we moO hn rt ee ay hah Beco sey ol ir coanoune, bower Saber her ha jee ad {jects humaczing spec, one ht chenge and revit eonnea gu (ecm wcoma (esas ete) emestiass / comm Dlg els out ter om he ae in pin wich Tend acon for emnsiy pict lied to th ne I the Gs thbimay bec uions LETS foo exchange tang jens) Soong jes, eens sown oops ation fos a crmagoF F es, 2 Communi ss zracy soup + mmiaence group ora women Wing trou =the posible a endl Thee lal pre ae he Being of [poces of nreing ctl comsionsen an collec ain ts ea {eetr potential fr change by moving ou om the peson the group. the Praxls ‘Prati the unity of teory and pncce tat comes tose i ation and fection tn ether words fm of dacason sat woted a rey Iie imlsng Fee sd gong the word and rang the wordt hi nent af eoey eco {Sint woe geen an Ueependinscson swe work ete kowiedge ta comes Go fexptoence, aes chan enquetonmngyaceping knowledge eit eae om he toa proc of ion and een, teary in aeson and arbor tre rial par ofthe proces of pats Reliving alk nut canniyofour ner Song, ee concious ates and ssurptns St we hae irae ae ening them bong them ino our cnsciounen whew we ct chenge and change them. Fre ogo tt guesion ar desloge Belch, 10 sere whee Pree seep no our Sing ad indences our ation. It By CMO or insermow aad tha we ar she may we sake sce of te wo eating tn eee pctn imal) nd iso ter changes te way we actin the wd font Rec the word in these way neues wedges pot ed fo he ‘we 90 hoi tothe pre ad age ox the ee a eh {>the won oder to ac cellosivey to cbnge st aged tha cril concours neon change a vng pas, asia thats impoubl to pte he wo Tse dialectical opps theoy snd cton come rgeter 1 uy 2f ash once we undestand the fseance ofeach othe other Ie only ity of rns hat oa king tecome crite nour action becomes lem eater ha an inerewning hiking and doing unity ofp ogg scr way of beng rel Ising ence Comminty relopaent eet o become an action fryers ae ober poop hxe wh mek to shonin mote and ore the dance berween what hey oy an wha hey de’ (Pee, 1957p 89), ‘A al eager of thee bert, te opr mus ee seme {people engaged in she wocton of een more falas Reflection and scion come soon. Troe refecton leeds fo 80 br hat son wl only be a enn pa here cies trot in th opened and thee hy enon Whoeves ck ch ‘roel alto bring abo. or wi anon, dague elton sd fommunicton. Fee 1972p 41 ‘acm 8 ust a (svi ee sto SRS ko er hn Calective ationan nents fo we empowerment a peo edo i tony when it comma fe Thee he geo theme ha erwin pope, becomes part of colecve movement tha pat of proven of Heros Sd chretre oes ky tothe cenit wil ld pop} re ta ‘Gael pelagogy ns proces tbe peal empowermens nd ened, fact silogve They gee unin for change, energy f0 8 ‘ert callectve ston, om oe projects omonemtets tchange ough Tn ths was, ierg ithe bt of eponermer a fanart ‘eget camp lbance and newer tht cll chun ad ccetance, «fxm of Usening th es om Our “Ons nor collet lel, Fre pd cil edo ld commis ear nt ou en, Free eved nthe apc floret uf noe 4 of volriny + form of networking to provide the conten for peblemaong “pein ten nat joy oe compusiontor people He chalenged {he inceaang baie! inequaescested by oealivenlpobaation Wardet tio educa olny and to xan frit coage,» courage bors of 3000, p74 Tow so or sponta Horizontal violence ‘Acalture of tolerance and tust ‘The concep of horizontal wolence hope uo undentand thin patie, Horizon vcknce reo dhumaning aap people whose ming {ogee in oid or of rderandee tana symptom ofthe powet ‘aon oe top-down se, isi lus fame Froresn cr pedigogy and ae non-negotble These vase fe both nfuenced community deveopzen id receded oar otemens of ocice muted pect dgdty equal. rue secpoc and Fl Tolerance another of hee lucy without there canbe no authence emocrai logue scoring to Peres allysmyoranto under that ths doer ot mean tat we pp with unaceptale haviour a louie the boondanerofour lsat So not meee pe lene eth other, ‘bcsad in with digit pine sything it ebomeng. Aas A669 (ow oe we ma (ae a i ran ce OR (Shot ne \W rier oa Neon OT ‘Whoo uu in he infin cpacty of people wo ovr Knowledge ome thar a eaiy nthe proceso berg ea nd ta tha they an st {ogee rao he worl change wll at happen. Thi sa lion of democratic power, bec although eis oaed in the coumaniy.ts not epee the comm and desc thet than Mierting Th sving wows counteroppresion gradual sbiies = ‘ions bse Upon uta espe diy and equity te thd Narratives ofthe people Fox Fev theory and practic ou in the marrtves ofthe people. By Jute the every sre dat oe people tl sb hen, cuny workers become lar withthe common dared expences tht nae OPeT Re ie ‘Theory In ation 3 Getting to grips with Freiean concepts eksaing rte nec "re 37: Werthre aur han ethernar retrh ho sacking Nort south eve tava te npn of heer nda cena ‘arate hr enisin china Te ied feacaun sina pant ny opened egos ‘ena grate non casemate cemmnty mores ese tcrerputmentontin ats frp amu pc concen. Theta commit deeper it wai rsp bd on | ral ecpety asin rate rough he oe slo at ee | “tsi nldienneepetredte coat benunplite report | ‘tem eo late comin hen ty be cn pat tack ng ein iy teay ented meng pce th bn ie es at wo poi ppc Peds Man se center ee se thst te werasrenoaethe ploy tease een second hime nd als 97 p19) hath eee ach pte {contig aa ange Wit the ros of eter sn clive etn ini act nutans Svc ef Ree 03 cy Ingres petting poy he ere denrmapes so gpa carmantin np attendce erate bps on tet otevn nl ethene {ries see ei Smo inch ‘eye pe eth gustan pee idence ‘ur ahaa tee city apy mating ody regres covery the at rontot degehatht opens ra aig sare 3 ate Slee Frere, ep) Frees poverty a vine agate ri a Med, 185 Fee? ‘Fone potpaoh of en frgon sora ig ten cay Or Eieitesens canary cece net _evatsonie cay pra see es tom tegen ctype pe rpg Anse ‘ciel ay eat anmuy enn tsttiscin aes Sprute tathaph on odset yuna ilenandter anne oe ‘may! tt Pa Amon as stot naan eeepc tntnewrtedo) Cnsetatin + Comeation ‘het anpactany ap been chard parent wn tt ae ti nieces es trom eng rs tga vs ech Ce oacoores —- fap 01752 yrs te we fe pean nth cmt Bute nt Fae cranes trees Standen wr ie expectancy gh he sen or es Sot erasing saton are batt epee gp nmers eps even es dp reste ot Song eaten nme Per tne pip Deen anand Weasel and Suey oat Te see ‘tal inean [Bole weer get een he Un My Nag ae et sesame {na ome mech sy pased nb mai oon Tena nc prey Prtennig nd erty plese Bard angsocal eas ered esa) ageenn donopnen sci, Xsuthg ree nen gcte ted eursrranega nate chee on hey cei arundesanarg dun Tio wales om ey ‘Yoana enupped with one wot karting Pia your ‘evdiy pectic Thebas forth pocen so aeacincoopacer nee feeanedacceptnce of duly beth sence people ie sabia rete ofenponerment al fr anise of dsespowermens Undersoieg the wn in which power workso enc people cinuntsospen re ee ‘impact This i what wal mee on onthe nee chee nyu dog gn sre rr andes end repos ryt Fegan Wien ofhecreplits bveon ser cher {arias tothe naan tencangeee nT pins ne ‘Senator esos itl mnpetton ringer ren cope pete hee onsite ya nav eats hts. 1115 ont Me Onewed win 8 FeeEW THEME, Fre hth tne weather ch roy rk ‘thereat weingmtheconmany wit pal tre coc ie sre eed alte at Wwe he ade hag tn So hon oink we mee he yf pave ad denon tating Inoue Dubus rsplFom nga hess ‘enor tuepsorany opp pvtstrtomausongthe a (fiber be adelareg er ipa se aly an {dps Obert ary nce ny Bahn lope pre sam ie 201939), hee Fun cont canie pcte tetlt t il , Inoeion snag the scnmcton uns y dp fl jie ae Inistedethnganclpni i ral ratte on ge het cies bea aur at hy cet be hd he aero ree potrg es aon ad png note fan. tmarerasnene toa nye pseu! ae Fetes ncn dy inti ay otto. Thsenhrtecaleuerscpace Wout thie erate angers e's totes ad acon banat pe sctien ae tery bones sm hon fram rn re cf beng le bteninesy sags moe omFouR Power: disempowerment and empowerment teak lne caper aed hou Fee concept of concenson ara poe becoming cial quioning evra ie nd is conmadhcions Tht regs [sis of wlbldingan understanding of poner sadhow twee oer es lies pevmeatng the sate of on skins a become i las errs Se ‘Secred questioning at ammor sone The pracen of cmponeernn te ‘sep che ake fr-grtedanpson tld nesses cence Sipomal Fc Pado Pic onsite pends by pobaeang gear scone fm everyday iby devoting che een a othe Frm coi aie uti ota ye senna See 2 Ry thas queso The cafetom phstogapn toes ae ey ‘esc why Gene, why cal peal ay wh bee og telore woud peop eth word conneted tothe dou ad ba heracy proce This wt Fase mem by mang he wed cies eees ra the caches ine rponbity odo more than hand nie sho mt ake queons leno opi lvrin eer da a ‘become mae lhe How ca teach peat in Bras without helping the undentand ‘Be reaons why hiy-hee main of them ate hg othe 4 ok wach penis Now nad the mond hoes aha ‘wp in the sonar snot matin. They sho ced eke oe ‘swion behind ther experince of hanger-What I wede ee telecon pent that ade om henge ne aredeeined des: woald hea share wit do des fom hunger isasocil anomaly snot bilo sa les ee ‘Saispacied by the cap conemy ofBradagana eae, ailin pens eed to ao share with hem far te Bec, ‘conamy isnot an autonomous ets sceal prafucten sera Production dts amon and dba nd shouldbe conden, me apie humanity (Pi ad Maced 195,999)‘cen el nacon Freie believed that power strate the wood oper ae such the same, _resig no only poverty hg, ns, vole, unerschevement i sche, ‘eremployent lom ofl ble rd bopeleaes, hat ako rene dest, "roe il sa crane sue boar ‘nly ora theory of being ret the way we see oul ton wo ‘he word ated useing to make seme of why we Ine ie 8 we do Once |e Sat ro queso why asim re accepted at nota, we tie tha te offen making see of somene making acepbethe unacep ace of ‘hanaision: Epstein, nduences by ono. tery of koowng for bow we make sense of he wor snd enced by prc les Soitdominat hegemony the rel by the power, pre ose the wold perms fs nr ek of mapernyinesiry meee sues Ineltion todas idea and scepter ace However fe guetion the wood ound ws abet ere aes of gut ad ders wl ed to ‘cee way of knoming nn to deene may eng “This mle en hast we hee he Wood een we wl at ere he wo bathe very hea ore pelaogy Seeing eal leant rial: Enpowerment a» callauve proces of becoming esi ope op ‘epoubiley of change though cletne ton Eells onsages tne pt of ving theo or pct Seay nt eos fom every ‘nie to astm the way Unease beer Theory en prc bse Sytesied oto pats we cee ery a par of i oes eed ng Pri To hepa the procon af haige we need a hae thors ha blo Uden the rls we ve bow ey te iced socety ms wlan how dey Become cede in every fs war a cc tea. ‘Ciscl shears begin with he pmie that moran wom col nea nr eth tts and os {Ff owe ondpvge cate, 2009, ps ephemera Ascites we ek theo thar deciles he indi ‘008 ho both cress ands creed by sce the exter simp to understand ope without the the. his wera theory Delp imate oot sie of salami’ McLaren, 2009, 9 emp $m original By foetsing on th id you can wea sy seo domanation those of bberaton, bts onl by anderen he rte of oe tat sve se abet wan to emsonermer ies do noe emerge ia vacoue they emerge. tme nd pace an bud con des and expeeace shat be gone bet in oder fo me ee othe een thi ese, theories ae never igh or wong they cme to follective understanding tht baiinon a pae-psen fre conn Hence ‘urempbass on becoming ctl wa onerpoces of ee rele soa fuer pocs oF making etal coanecioy what Js Maal ne doer ars of steno! (Mari, 200, p 4), ‘umes Ana dg ig wah So's - cnatincanenchinpcatromiama nde ace, teleost ung wee hgh nd cama cael es yatta heyday Se a ‘the om bed experience oor whi Ese otro os what Fe clea unt pve eng ee Autarlpae Acts taupe Tare actn ica fo cape of eanrmaton witht onsen Woe pe Leoni wit Ker hy canny Solo Sc the potent or tumonmatne shuge Ugh eehcee eee {Cesc ple nabs eg the wed tgh sed an oman we ine ant sy Fined hc ee) acceso be found teste ons ofc bs‘cenmuny denn stn In the pocen of dmanting ite colons apne ee ofdominaon| and saborinaion, we need to explore theories of ower Unotnate thee Sse singe teary of comunity developer tha iadudes eyes hi we ee to pu nto action We tly onan dete mx of thoes hat ogee, ‘erie that make Practice moe tel Free was proud iabtenced bythe ides of Anton Gras ole ake ok t wast Gre hs 59) bout power. To sat with important undentand the pata context hat formed hin and shaped ses, ck s we ned to lore the lee ‘offi dein core ne. igure 42-Atele rane 191-1997 @) @ , KJ Antonio Gramsci [Munolin imprisioned Amonio Gram fr 10 year nil Grams det Jn 1997 for nothing more thin ing dering pouica on fim by coring people think more cisely Porn tha he tees spat Jour and cis nds deep concer abou poweriaWevers oct ‘edn ths pas ra more dead dean of Grams ead es, see Leith 201), Gres undertadng of he wy th power permeer Society pestadng oso tick and act im way hie uppoe sominat ee, Is bd protund puc om community declpmene eo” nce i Pie revo wore puted in Eagle 1071. Th coincided wehthe pasion oF Fries Palgag of the ops highly infec by Gruss Wes, ed together the wide ally of thee tw books ors th oi jee potenti of community developmen racsce By helping un unr te {9 I whch pone works co domes Erpnets meme, anon se fing Hegemony Gram wos preoccupied with te changes be Se 7 tte wien in Fly dri the lc. Social cont, he nosced. was mow mi hor sot s ony eng de ‘i ul iin ach nhl de ea ea Wek 10 nce es ny ha «gh het wate seomaniy pico cacom nnens ppleconmny degra natin (Gea nuigh in he star of eso pension deepens venting bf power elstons hy demonstrating he ney of thee octane ‘so snd sent lec! top-down and betrvup chomp. THe ‘erlopment ofa cose beemonic proses titer he reno ofthe power central 0 Grats hiking A dies way king ene ‘ofthe word plan ene aren the poe of change by eating hope ‘Shang i pouble Cramsc a the ngotance of eral eden OPED peoples eins to the psi of clang, leaing the selec penal {esc each of us 1 question hk and ari lances for change bexween hve socal groups Intellectuals All men and women se aeliecib noe al mes [nd wee) vein ole the fceton ot elecen, (Gens 1971.89) By this, Gramse mes that eventhough we do not ll ve the sats of select, well hae Se potential forint chug ‘Grins not the tat th pocen of Booming cre would eus sgontaneualy. He saw tadtonal inalctunts ping » pact ein ‘Sapering the proces of change Tradtionlintetectsts “inl nlc ae hone wn doit tc pines, Comics ar tte ne pie an Tey a he Sipe pce cng: by ng comer guia Ied ‘ial Gms tn ln stog ew of ge ‘Srna ou come tse oad ae {fy eave hoe dhe gan the ee hy wel ee Inlbe er a encase Se a he owe ca hon cron ne sl pon nln te pce a Stns oo hg Coking per ewe J i tse adores Hegre op so anos ‘Ute tone and wnt es comma er Sol Now ea Ae Isso Coarse Pe he erm ght nh egy a ae egress Gur cence on sonic ce nt eee gob SSD cso owe Landon on 3t Sper fae frversios who mance wha we ha bes we ‘wsed so much ofthe collective enstdemient up. i a se ec snmp sae come ee cn eat oe othe, Even al smitancouly existing socetes kee ad sentient pen Seca ets antnnp eb Hainan wars Pfeor of Sao tte Uiety of Bath who pe fom Cin ath penpecie cone nd worn Ente Cg 12ke fied hs MBE co tokens In fe juts a iso we inner My roped MBE wa frst the common in Exsebone, Glug Lat wek ws scm peed renee in Rogol & Eachus (at uhh Ppl Se agp Sg athe et wis ann wav ha Soe sh bes been ced Foe ot of eee Ao ae whee he sibs cook 4 cook Fuse grins hive been cue so nach ES the bigsociey'~ and dee af were oe made odin ne of be works. oily alf olden aged ios Pha eee mae coco tha he the Cle hage onto na sore Why shld Te wl ond or sree soe thn pe ce aan ein. Bebe that» oc and material eg Sige pee ditmecto aan a SBE Gnzns coe cca peer 9 en Zc sod ices Kesh copnson eos Honours inl sept coe apiece ene ne of the chlleagss, of coun, i whi right do we have wo privleged shire ofthe earths route Te eth Yeouce, she ‘roids resource, he apt becween ounces and people who ae ‘ch power than ounce them erween ounce and howe of ‘Tn teal py wa nl ey ating cate nthe pen Seams chery guing ery meee poe eee ‘Gimowl elon Ee nd Bb olan. They bic Rasonmetydedopntn won npunicinttctats nn wit ble nh inti orl of everyone, Game ihe ‘corgi ncurses eno Son acorn sey eine pe cna ey wa psp stepwise an pm tay gcse ‘onpln opin fees igo thea onan beef ened tp cee he condions mor Grou the exon of iow daw (Pepe 1986p 31. The erence with onic cos i Gemma oe ‘techy ate mck moet tet th daw fora Themanch Beata com Eero ‘who ian onlin cey ne a cons Shea ‘SoS puri cncton a enapn ir becom lcd omg ‘Strip in Eaierhoue inthe 1900 shat Le | te wa onyshoogh ay expec in Nga Solan he uh: Nor rpg oe of myo over That wher Teal ce sled the eno ‘roe Gone I wate he people bth comma iceman bnets om uch beh expanence So Tied (Grewer Exes Nesp Sy Link Gp McC 2ovm.p 118) rte on iio Cet Ane on Ghigo ‘hoe poi expe ie sd fy wa et ‘otsrte Wes steer es ply pent SeVtSCe ins mne ws cipicng es ccna tay cde rer {Sri sont sc bce eng ow ay inu e cntr ch or Cac Sp 1 yb sito Ete a he ete wth angen scion Nano A tne oe erie ag Sc pogo ge ty cen Seep DenocneyEdssson Rene Conte PODER) Eeablet ‘hr cere ee Scns Fos Eda Foams Bing opr choco ogee om al on Srdan i mvenetrnhang TeasSepe pete Cin Edn 99 whence aah cree Cay Deron: cB) concen Blah Herbs: Tew rowan {Nceorack. 20m esl ou communi deepen wae owt det he woo opi lee ee sae Pras SARIS aed pi in he ce of haope The tem be quent Sed he pion sxeook snp of pra esheeancgeste ee The iory of dseton show th ery cas which hi sug to ‘ke powers prepared ior power yan aconomote cdots Thefinspin cmaninng onto pobacdantweaierr, ‘iis beblen of education's preciely why community deeopmecs fin and ‘nemow abou esng co ution ‘Stuart Halland Antonio Gramsct Scar Hl sen a Ube UR leading cl ther, and probehiy the ‘moe isnt Cranscan thinker of ous tines Haled ss he eee ier wu aoe ny hoe. oo: Engh sid Inver al he Te bps (Relison ft diplcement. cameo Egon nesr oe d wo fin’ Star Hal gute n Wilame 2012) Ths ones ‘Sinner ide tm an inersew ony a yur heath dene ie py {neon a hs atl dipement offred hin as Bask ceca ae ‘ly Gramscian seme ofthe concep 1s 1964 Richa! Hoge ounded the Cente for Contemporary Cul Stale the Unies of Birmingham, and invited Hal ojos ag ne {euch fio Is 1968 Halbeame aco dor andin {398 dare ee ews lying the rio of and wae by eng pope ok legen Bris pal ony sar Hal ia raion neler who his demons he relevance of eamsib anys ofpowerin creat ines ox area ches eaeemmy dengan tin shout Thatcham when there were ew if yo mines vie ofring| {mudentanding of what shaping Bh posi Soro ead ‘Thatcher sew hegemonic projec emergig on fe power ocr onthe elie tet fel new es conto see, ent jut aor ‘hio thei of polis, Hiaasen Granary, stew ble 0 pole, socal and econon forces operating | soar of mamsing she nan 90 costed in espe crete al lense tne Thatcher ad oceede ining fe mar neoberis| 282 common-sme erate fo he welze se, a elegy ba on post ‘ather than welt porn one that heap no pou th the lp of Gramician cones fat med and sated hegesny in aton, seling common tne o pote habe Ssh pall ye sed 0 {righ cee poston Which lst challenges lapse and compres ‘Ava esl fool negli, ae incr pub sco ninon of he ‘ld wafae sate e bg dated, sad hee decades of nero ite nated publ conscious fo ach an extents a oer em can Be gine, Ary lg Yo sage ta ny other mens pombe, ce at ‘hore concrete yee ealape of ei he die to ‘rete more of the ae “Thee cont prcicy i he ice ht theo dpe ade ew canoe be bor. (eam, 177, p 276) Sat Davison stesewed Sturt Hain 201 0 exe how he sw Gra nune what wrong Tha what Fee mean y denunciation We ated © [eabieeoundenand power in onerea denne and ty deouncng we eat attention which 9 bald outros ohn Sorting, Stetina tho may achat Gra redetied haan nie poner sideolgil pension mercing wih cori Foucault ‘we must dee our steton fom + coment a se ote wate sad the isttuton oF ea acey eo nsade the mr veh of cd neato Hegertonicor oa nme oferty ne int intanceonchow “nevi racy compoed of th own park tehniges ad acs, wich exit in hove nono the anges ora he ‘roel ofsacery Poach, 1380.9 39) aut for though. Whe treo hse nepiothepind i 20 roy ‘fering faucet aoa tht ete seein | Serabeersat. fxs te ponegreptuce Hot inden nines ‘stir relacl osc sn Eaters ony wht or! | pov they contre (ran 20917, ‘ekg ower yaar anny ply betwen estas seem rani tna maepanl rot (fsa) Frat nn Over younger ann coe Sy ‘what nova ay ee ana demic tether nes rut ete Doo ng mal te gs ‘feast unqwonghomatesdaenponeing tent Onis P| far geno eda nee nb! at ce Hegemony inaction very eth porate sp er bd ie cian {sy tr sme ce esto Mag nhemmy dng nation the de wth ten Hono warhead aan cy epee ‘topmana nen Tatra al nas ndn incr it ‘comply egn ena tla paper fecayereto map tt opie oigin ets a ‘ra arin st wee any cong sober Digan eclig a santana rings rotaboutalenerrtu war ama tao 2 ep ed Ansiyss ‘wire ue nan wet tt oben eon arn gray co Mo auld ty one ape at Ieoentesbeuni oe shen ‘haar UNICEF bach at pear erates "gis aera the UN cameton on te Rit of Cn 8 arg ‘her nds 37 0 Cavern tbe reli a op toteng yt 5 al des eed nb tan prune ay ‘horned ple cenmeratn ch reenter athe ‘cnt yor pe lee mor outa cone ewe tebe ‘machin Wa rote ue eae Thane pane (etme scmolconmisls evsers 207 mah opr ‘etter tomin os-eran Bhan Desa Nangom Meche ‘esa Tengo ram ceng acer porn [Poet piesoerloymeeanderapowstahanSugmbarg ary gee Inte it fig youth senate Dre fh Fret eten Crp Cac} cent oer being one ‘sinensis avence nook 2070 as range [neta 22 ethene ba id iy 207 Cor vet mccain tn pny in ey eho, ek vata fovery an bcs ate sal any bt jer Ti ‘irae nth mons pa thch Foyt 20D om hate caste eee eg vcr 205) esigte cnet ‘etiam cers ether yr dag go kat carton other paged ten eth et ‘Scere show om Caner ein the patent de. ‘or 43: rine Mister Dvd Carron reponse to thls iota 201 Mve Wont we meieitot SOSSTEMA com sta pet nm conan om he | im eset sthe cima ‘erdeconpn th retention oy ome INCE WCC hte apa wenn! tne mpc = coun ce aparece Stora 2011 Eglin eo Sur a commas oth gh eben Vit ea ure? essbtdnes Fo ek noc ete tol et sine ys yr ene vena eeateess eee oo comer Speaking truth to power Tel the ath co aie sgt athe hina 6 (Gri nd Togs, 199). sessiinary Gans commen links to the Quer sta Sephen Kenn non a ling unmtcane cea Saat ‘elinganwelcome mah Sing teComme degen atin revlusonir a, Grant means ht he courage name the uncom Fly fine cept juices perce of det ners the collec lence ints wa by exposing snows eater tan common dena dseating oie ngs thmugh he anqerioning sty #9 open ack ‘hee the ig of change ea kine on an jo yer Fling to guenionsnesuaies json contin targeting of the poor sd marginalised. For ita se 2008, when Kileen seid saccenive UK oversmens of lcm fran rig fr fling change te nomi SF the weve emunger embedded a pablc consent sine Tac be wa sugges eat we now ate "perv iting slong nc ad secam sew sacl negli bad on oot pope Bring wore, Ts Jinks tothe Frere este ons xine guns hanya the th chap. "Ao explare bw he allowing evidence might be hen dpe by ca patchy or homophobia pemaeris st pryerareeenas atest ey Sec eteeeren es Seouliuy ce ema So eeneatta eee Aste od system crumble eit ep: le ths toerepnam 2 grt vaey of mosh symptoms ape. (Goma 9714p 275) In conclusion ta Gramsci terms doin: hegemony ire a comsnen sexe gins abc omen cist ins Ss pes ayo netber police coating {>cheap he propll Cras real education ae sts dloee common emeina proce o enting and chalenging pore In peparsion ar vlna change eo point of conjomt ets oF Be Cure tem Sere al def arent conjuncture a2 oppor hg Bc fe ie apace ol ono 3 deconersaled i dng of allaghing vein fuse A ESE tenes pice con ony be pacuryoutang eae bee ‘here bu lage change» yam ito hich eon of dnaaion Std sboniaton ar bedded Eee interes need ie fe a power eral (Granoc ignanconbuson wan 9 the adn Mant mays cof hegemony the rotons slog pertain ‘Th hn been powesily ‘forage ater gc da elo oe ee “cons tn a not fer wt ee Hest tk wi fe eed mclaren ‘ecm emma eee aa force aera * vial once = pl whch tel poet ae 2 Mesos octons tne bone tonlened ae a an imate inden bing dm pd comnts eae Hae + mor of the ne 1 tormed vei ofthe see * orrlaon tht ae rade waned bed on social ice {ins n epoch hip shins in Dut econing exe ‘540 encl ut fo Or cha Hee otk Gams flan Masi ee Fin of he ‘tel unin hep oman ak ae siamo epic, Dot et ‘cine te oat ose ence ort wi nye tng cute ae a ae, fe gpn owt Ge ce ah ee ‘Hill, quoced in Wiliams, 2012) - ie Star Fl cmp da acon wil et een wana ch ines be ston wich dh acon Ded Fl Inade es Bowers oecsay osestnd power Fors asa he se“conenety deoprantin tin lexpore ac’ nd gene anaes and the ways in which powers a8 ‘nteinked,veapinginerowned comple. ‘Aes the Engl veon of Fis Play ofthe spel became widely arable inthe ely 1976 dere wis ned ns ck Toa, fox pices was Becane oft asumed ste of dominant teeta (oe ‘ample Inn's. and thn fr hsp oppo oprenet aoe thes hides more complex ace’ an gender deme Gace eke oe {ite is devtoped «wider anal penpecive wggrsitg tht te co eof Fre worthy of ins roi of ha ork a thiscopet ‘etn by outing the deseopsent often bere caplsng he ie a {zed rdasontip between Fre an lenin Shor uD pe 9 Pe {nm the bs fr ering Pac Hill Calin tang om tit eps, ofimenectoniy an ana or e-tionang Fees Women in movement ary Welbroocas nda ofthe igh ome (1792) was the St great frini book Her ideas were bed ot the atomp hemeea ee owes tht wosies ae dlbertely Rope incr and praned ee cae ‘hn Yeson'Akhough ake did nr name ei seed poner meen ‘cape fom at tbuive hub Inde a Azeri lover smuggle sole gods dom Freeh arise to fimnce dhe Fach Reveloion ‘elle alone with er eid and Ped eran woman ef eine She wa scxped amine andl in Condon {tle anda eduction a he ey to achieving gender equi, Hee Hew consmied teins women tl ore han entry cs he Stfagete movenen ergto, ‘hice dine pede of modes feminist activism are widely seknowiedged, even though there 5 fll agreement on ow to eres gee