UNIT 3: CITIES OF THE FUTURE

VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

I. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word/phrase from the
box.
sustainable optimistic infrastructure quality of life
city dwellers detects renewable urban
overcrowded inhabitants
1. Most of the __________________ population we will see in 2050 will be in cities that
don’t even exist yet in Africa, Southeast Asia, China, Central and South America.
2. In fact, India is projected to add 404 m illion_________________to its population by
2050.
3. London has recently started a new traffic light system that_______________when a lot
of cyclists are approaching and stays green longer to aid traffic flow.
4. The city of the future should have the ___________ and transportation which link the
needs of citizens of all generations.
5. Songdo is unique, offering city_________________ something they have never had
access to before.
6. The city officials are _______________ that the downtown will continue to be a green
population center.
7. This rapid growth of the population has caused daunting problems for city planners,
such as _________________roads.
8. It comes as no surprise that Seattle is the gold standard of___________________city
living.
9. New York City is expected to increase its_____________energy capacity by 50% by
2050.
10. Our communities will be cleaner and more sustainable, so our__________________
will be better.
II. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word/phrase from the box.
classes dustbins qualities developers
display appliances infrastructure tutors
technologies underground
 Songdo, which means “Island of pine trees” in Korean, is called “The City of the
Future” by many (1)_____________________ . Up to now, Songdo has completed about
60 percent of its planned (2)_____________________ and buildings, developers say, and
reached a population of about 70,000 - a third of the number expected by 2018, when the
city may be finished.
One morning, we found ourselves at Songdo’s waste management center where we
watched a video about the city’s garbage-removal system. Narrated like a Hollywood
film, it explained that all of Songdo’s trash is sucked into (3)_____________________
pipes, and is automatically sorted and recycled, buried, or burned for fuel. These pipes
connect all apartment buildings and offices; consequently, there are no street-corner
(4)______________ or garbage trucks.
Next, at a nearby office building, we learned about Songdo’s so-called
“telepresence” system, which is currently being tested by 100 of the city’s residents. The
system allows Songdo residents to sit in front of custom television screens and chat with
English (5)_____________________ in Hawaii or take fitness (6)___________________
from instructors elsewhere in Korea.
Finally, we visited Cisco’s Global Innovation Lab, where more technologies-in-
development were on (7)_____________________ , including mobile phone-controlled
home (8)_____________________ and even micro-chip tracking of Songdo’s children so
they don’t get lost. These and other (9)_____________________ were being pitched to
the Songdo government by Cisco, but had not been adopted yet, meaning that for the time
being at least, the city’s children were free to sneak over to friend’s houses without fear of
surveillance.
Tourists often seek out history and natural beauty, but here is a history-less and
especially unnatural city. These (10)__________________, in many ways, actually make
Songdo appealing.
III. Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. The information will be collected through the_____________________ . (detect)
2. Cities need to make full use of land in order to achieve urban____________ . (sustain)
3. Some of the other problems predicted for the near future include limited and
diminishing arable land, deforestation, _____________________ , and degradation of
land and water. (urban)
4. For South Korea, Songdo is more than a hi-tech business district, but a template for
future _____________. (develop)
5. Songdo is the prototype for the green___________________ the Korean government
wants to build the economy on in the future. (invest)
6. The pace of___________________ is happening fast in the United States, (innovate)
7. I think the cities of tomorrow also need to consider the _______________ of open
space. (available)
8. Cities at their best are social environments where ___________________ and human
___________________ go hand in hand. (create - develop)

READING
I. Match a subheading in column A with its definition in column B, writing the
answer in each blank.
2050 Visions 8 pioneer us cities prove the future is now

Answer A B

1. Urban biking A. With over 6,000 acres of parks, 300

2. Education athletic fields, and 300 sunny days a year,
3. The destination for Denver leads the way for this.
night owls B. With compost, recycling, and landfill
4. Sustainable city living standard, Seattle is serious about
5. Technological commitment to recycle 60% of all waste. The
accessibility city’s government and residents all follow
6. Active living eco-friendly practices strictly.
7. Responsible eating C. You’ll find tile center of local and organic
8. Natural/Urban balance food deep in the heart of Texas: Austin. This
ensures that the money residents spend in
Austin stays in Austin, supporting the
economy of local farmers.
D. Over 50 colleges and universities spread
the landscape of Boston, and 44% of Boston
residents hold at least a Bachelor’s degree.
 E. With its dedicated urban forestry
programme, Portland has embraced its
natural roots in attractive ways with backyard
chicken, ducks, or even goats.
F. With over 200 miles of bike-friendly
streets, it's time to start the search for a
cycling outfit in Chicago. The bike lanes are
busy with 3,000 bicycles around the city.
G. In an ultra-connected world, Minneapolis
is setting a new standard with free, city-wide
Wi-Fi.
H. New York is the city that never sleeps.
Limitless nightlife never quits and public
transit is open 24/7.

II. Match the qualities of cities of the future with their descriptions. Write the
quality in each blank.
A. Energy independent homes .
B. Efficient water use
C. Smart grids.
D. Solar surfaces.
E. Solar energy from space
F. High-speed long-distance travel
G. Innovative wind turbines
H. Living buildings
1 . _______________________________________________
Cities will generate electricity from a host of new wind power innovations - turbines that
float on the ocean, bladeless wind turbines, and turbines that hover in the atmosphere.
2 . ______________________________________________
Solar panels will begin to appear in unlikely places. They will cover sidewalks, line the
outside of buildings, and double as fully functional windows.
3. ______________________________________________
Solar energy will be harvested from space and beamed down to Earth, providing clean,
cheap and efficient electricity to power our cities.
4. _____________________________________________
Homes and buildings will operate as living organisms, monitoring performance and
adapting to our needs in real time, saving us energy and money.
5. __________________________________________________
Homes will be equipped with solar panels, small-scale wind turbines and other sources of
electrical generation, allowing them to operate independently from the grid, when
necessary.
6. ______________________________________________
Consumers and power sources will communicate in real time through fiber optic smart
grids that will reduce blackouts, maximize energy efficiency, and save money.
7. ___________________________________________________________
People will travel hundreds of miles in just minutes through solar-powered pods that
travel through elevated, depressurized tubes.
8. ____________________________________________________________
Buildings will be equipped with comprehensive water management systems, allowing
them to collect rainwater, monitor water use, and efficiently recycle dirty water.
 UNIT 4: BEING PART OF ASEAN
I. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word from the box.
relations economic maintenance community
solutions principle trust stability
1. Viet Nam always desires to work with its partners on the basis of the
_______________ of respect for independence, sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit.
2. International programmes should aim to enhance cooperation for peace,
______________ and development.
3. In the past years, high ________________ growth has enabled Viet Nam to increase
people’s living standards.
4. Viet Nam is consistently a friend and reliable partner to all nations, and a responsible
member of the international________________ .
5. That ASEAN Summit tried to find appropriate_________________to further accelerate
the course of building the ASEAN Community.
6. Viet Nam always desires to work with its partners to build and reinforce strategic
________________ for peace, cooperation and development.
7. We are glad to see the strong development of_________________between ASEAN
and its partners.
8. Regular dialogue and cooperation contribute to the __________________ of peace and
security in the region.
II. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box.
frequently affecting bloc host relations
issues pressure consequently annually heads
ASEAN SUMMIT
The organization holds meetings, known as the ASEAN Sum Hl it, where (1)
_________________ of government of each member meet to discuss and resolve regional
(2) _________________ , as well as to conduct other meetings with other countries
outside the (3) _________________ with the intention of promoting external
(4)__________________ .
The ASEAN Leaders’ Formal Summit was first held ill Bali, Indonesia in 1976.
Its third meeting was held in Manila in 1987 and during this meeting, it was decided that
the leaders would meet every five years. (5)_________________ , the fourth meeting was
held in Singapore in 1992 where the leaders again agreed to meet more (6)_______ : ,
deciding to hold the summit every three years. In 2001, it was decided to meet
(7)__________________to address urgent issues (8)__________________the region.
Member nations were assigned to be the summit (9)_________________ in alphabetical
order except in the case of Myanmar which dropped its 2006 hosting rights in 2004 due to
(10)_________________ from the United States and the European Union.

III. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word/phrase from the box.
process road map role
prioritise income connectivity diverse
community pillars region
ASEAN turns diversity into an advantage
ASEAN is the most (1) _____________ organisation in the world. The richest
member has an average (2)____________ _ per capita 76 times higher than that of the
poorest country. The biggest member has a population 600 times larger than the smallest.
ASEAN has turned diversity into an advantage in the development. and integration (3)
_________________ of each country and the entire (4) _________________ . Together
with the European Union, ASEAN is evaluated as one of the most successful regional
organisations.
In the 2025 ASEAN Community’s Vision, along with a new co-operation
(5)_______________ on boosting internal (6)_________________ , the bloc will (7 )_
_______________ institutional improvements and elevation of co-operation effectiveness
among the three (8)_________________ of politics-security, economics and
socio-culture. The vision’s important emphasis is bringing ASEAN into a
(9)_________________ working for people and taking people as the central
(10)__________.
IV. Fill in each blank in the text with ONE suitable word.
The ASEAN School Games (ASG) are the annual games for ASEAN schools. The
ASEAN Schools Sports Council (ASSC) is a regional sports organization that promotes
sports among (1)_________________ countries.
 The ASEAN School Games are an annual sporting event which aims to enhance
friendship among students around the Southeast Asian region. It also seeks to promote
ASEAN (2)_________________ among the youth through school sports and provide
opportunities for school athletes to engage in cultural (3)_________________ .
The 1st ASG were organized by Thailand in 2009, and the 5th ASEAN School
Games were hosted in Ha Noi by Viet Nam. It was the first time Viet Nam hosted the
annual event which was (4)________ _________ to under-18 athletes and school students
from eight ASEAN countries. Swimming, athletics, and pencak silat gave most number of
(5)_________________ to Vietnamese teen athletes.