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Vol. LX No.
Pages 208
EDITORIAL
Find Your Path Of Success With Toppers ...8
ANALYSIS OF CURRENT ISSUES
The New Temple Of Democracy ...22
The G7 Summit 2023 In Hiroshima ...25
GDP Growth At 7.2% ...28
India’s Banking Transformation ...29
BURNING TOPICS
CURRENT EVENTS OF NATIONAL &
INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE
India ...31; The World ...35
Indian Economy ...40
Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? ...195
Persons In News ...206
Ms. Ishita Kishore
CIVIL SERVICES SPECIAL IAS Topper 2022-23 : p. 10
Exclusive Interview with IAS Topper 2022-23
—Ms. Ishita Kishore, IAS Topper (1st Rank) ...12
IAS Toppers 2022-23
Secrets Of Success ...15
Doctrine Of Basic Structure Turns 50 ...45
—Prof. V.P. Gupta, Rau’s IAS Study Circle
LATEST MOCK TESTS
FROM INDIA’S TOP INSTITUTES
UPSC Civil Services Prelims Exam
Rau’s IAS Study Circle ...143
ForumIAS ...153
Lukmaan IAS ...163
GROUP DISCUSSION
Is Rise In India’s Population A Boon Or Bane?
—By Wing Commander Dinesh Mathur ...47
The New Temple Of Democracy
SUCCESS IN INTERVIEWS
Facing The Interview Board ...50 Current Issues : p. 22
CSR-GHRDC ENGINEERING COLLEGES
SURVEY 2023
Engineering Education In India 2023 ...55
The Methodology ...60
Ranking Of Top Engineering Colleges ...66
Top Engineering Colleges Ranked By State ...78
Leaders Speak ...92
HISTORY OF INDIA
Indian National Movement ...177
INDIAN POLITY AND GOVERNANCE
Constitution Of India ...181
CSR ESSAY CONTESTS
India's Role In Changing World Order ..187
Making India Self-reliant ...189 CSK Wins
Poverty Anywhere Is Threat To IPL 2023 Title : p. 202
Prosperity Everywhere ...190
Success Comes With Ability,
Boldness And Courage ...191
CSR Essays Announcement ...53
SPORTS
Sports Plus ...196
CSK Wins IPL 2023 Title ...202
Personality Plus : Shubman Gill ...204
OTHER FEATURES
BBC : Mastermind India ...54
Forthcoming Exams ...193
Word Power ...194
Improve Your Personality ...200
SPECIAL BOOKLET
Maharaja Agrasen Latest Mock Tests From
Technical Education Society ...121-140 India’s Top Institutes : p. 141
 Yes, You Can
Find Your Path Of Success With Toppers
Dear Friend,
Fortune favours those who
give more than 100 per cent to
the cause they take up. Once
again, we have a list of 933
whose fortunes are smiling on
them with their spectacular
success in UPSC CSE 2022-23.
Making it to the final list of
successful candidates in CSE is
always challenging. We used to Ishita Kishore Garima Lohia Uma Harathi N. Smriti Mishra Dr. Mayur Hazarika
say that it is one of the toughest
competitive exams. Mainly, it is the hardest in terms of the quality of effort one needs to put into the preparations.
But look at the sheer volume of the competition. The 933 recommended for appointment in Civil Services are less than
0.1 per cent of the initial aspirants who applied for Prelims, and that too when the number of vacancies to be filled
have increased from 749 in 2021 to 1,022 in 2022. So, of course, you must give over 100 per cent of your strength,
perseverance, wisdom and self-confidence to succeed in this examination; you also have to have luck on your side.
It comes with great pride for everyone in the country that the top four positions have been secured by women
candidates this year, compared to three last time. More importantly, it is emerging as a consistent trend. Not only the
proportion of women among successful candidates has constantly been increasing year after year, but they are also
striving to occupy more and more top positions in every exam. In CSE 2022-23, six out of the top 10, 12 out of the
top 20, and 14 out of the top 25 are women. Their share in the overall list has gone over one-third this time. Since
women have shown to be grittier, studier, less corrupt, and more compassionate towards the oppressed masses, we can
expect the quality of Civil Services to change for the better in the long run.
Once again, hard work, motivation, self-study, consistency, single-minded devotion, self-belief, smart study, a planned
approach, a sound understanding of concepts, and evolving one's own thorough opinion on relevant issues emerge as
the most significant traits of successful candidates. Talking to the CSR, Delhi's Ms. Ishita Kishore, the topper, advises
the future aspirants, “Always be honest with yourself and give your 100 per cent.” A strong advocate of self-study,
Bihar's Ms. Garima Lohia, AIR 2, defied the notion that coaching classes are essential for UPSC CSE preparation.
“Work hard, be consistent in your studies, stay disciplined, and you will surely achieve success,” she says.
Telangana's Ms. Uma Harathi N., AIR 3, and Patna's Mr. Rahul Srivastava, AIR 10, achieved better success by
concentrating on what was essential. Ms. Harathi advises, “Read as much as needed and practice a lot”, while Mr. Srivastava
says, “Too much can be confusing. Focus on basic books and keep revising them multiple times.” The words of
Ms. Smriti Mishra, AIR 4, equally resonate when in an exclusive interview to CSR, she says, “Study and evaluate—
parameters being the previous years' papers. Keep your sources minimum and credible.” Assam's Dr. Mayur Hazarika,
AIR 5, the topper among men, gave a slightly different perspective while interviewed by CSR. He puts as much stress
on “having a mental support system, whether your parents or friend or others” as he underlines the need to “develop
perseverance and discipline with studies.” Haryana's Ms. Kanika Goyal, AIR 9, has a bit of plain and simple advice,
“Believe in yourself ”.
Finally, let me introduce you to another topper of all the competitive exams in general and the UPSC CSE in
particular. It is none other than humbly yours CSR. None of the toppers of the CSE 2022-23 we came across after
the results were out on May 23, 2023 considered themselves to be not part of the CSR family. All of them acknowledged
that CSR had been a great help to them in their preparation and success. Moreover, most of them received it as a
family legacy. Ms. Ishita Kishore said “My parents encouraged me to refer CSR.” Appreciating this magazine as a source
of inspiration, they found updates on current affairs, editorial analysis, identification of and elaboration on current
issues, toppers’ interviews, etc., instrumental in their preparation.
So, bucketful congratulations to all the toppers out there. We will keep improving ourselves and play a more significant
role in the success of future aspirants.
Wishing you all success and happiness,
Yours Sincerely

(Surendra Kumar Sachdeva)

8 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Exclusive Interview with IAS Topper 2022-23

Competition Success Review Identifies

& Elaborates On Current Issues, Which
Sets Direction Of CSE Preparation
—Ms. Ishita Kishore, IAS Topper 2022-23 (1st Rank)

A living example of hard work,

grit, determination, perseverance,
never-say-die spirit and how to learn
from failures and work on one’s
mistakes, Ms. Ishita Kishore staged
the most staggering comeback to
secure the top rank (AIR 1) in the
UPSC CSE 2022-23 on her third
attempt—after not being able to
clear even the Prelims in the two
previous attempts. A reader of
Competition Success Review (CSR ),
which her parents advised her to
refer to, she says that the magazine
was much helpful in her preparation
for the CSE—par ticularly with
respect to Current Affairs and
getting an insight into the toppers’
strategies through their interviews.
An epitome of persistence, patience
and intellect, she advises the IAS
aspirants to be disciplined and
sincere in their approach. In an
exclusive interview with CSR, the
well-mannered and humble go-
getter Ms. Ishita Kishore spoke her
mind about her journey to the acme
of success.
CSR: What is the secret of your
success in the Civil Services
Examination?
Ishita Kishore: Patience and
consistency besides my drive to improve
my mistakes.
Q. How much time do you think
one requires for serious preparations
for this examination?
A. Seven-eight hours daily for a year
should give a g ood base. The
preparation time must increase near the “I would like to appreciate and show
exam.
Q. Which newspapers and gratitude towards the Competition Success
journals have you been reading for Review team for their wide coverage of
the General Studies and other
papers? various topics in Current Affairs.”
A. Apart from Competition Success Review,
General Knowledge Today and CSR Year Book, —Ms. Ishita Kishore, IAS Topper 2022-23
12 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 “Competition Success
Review’s efforts continue
to help students year
“My parents encouraged
after year in various
competitive examinations... me to refer to CSR”
Reading about —Ms. Ishita Kishore, IAS Topper 2022-23
the strategies of the
CSE toppers in
CSR gives the IAS
aspirants an insight into
the preparations done by
the most successful
candidates.”
—Ms. Ishita Kishore
I have been reading Indian Express, Mint,
Economic And Political Weekly.
Q. What is your best advice to
future aspirants? Tips, Tricks &
Techniques.
A. Be very sincere about your goals.
Always be honest with yourself and give
your 100 per cent. Don’t let your fears
and worries stop you.
Q. Competition Success Review ,
the largest-selling youth magazine in
English for 35 years, has been
extremely helpful because...
A. It identifies and elaborates on
existing current issues, which sets the
direction of preparation.
Q. How do you visualise your
success?
A. I have been entrusted with a position
of responsibility, and I hope to live up to
the expectations of all and, most
importantly, the poorest of the poor.
Q. What was your Optional Subject
(Paper-VI & VII) at the Civil Services
Examination?
A. Political Science & International
Relations.
Ms. Ishita Kishore told Competition Success Review that her
BIODATA parents encouraged her to refer to the magazine whenever needed.
❏ Name : Ms. Ishita Kishore
Q. How many attempts had you Review when they were of your age?
❏ Educational Qualification : made earlier before you got selected? If so, who read it and when?
B.A. Hons. (Economics) A. Two—Did not clear Prelims twice. A. This magazine has been there for
❏ School : Air Force Bal Bharati Q. What was your criterion for the many decades, and my parents encouraged
School selection of the Optional Subject? me to refer to it whenever needed.
❏ College : Shri Ram College of A. Interest in the subject and syllabus Q. What do you think is a better
overlap with GS. way of preparation between selective,
Commerce Q. What is your impression about intensive study and wide extensive
❏ Any Award, Gold Medals and the Interview Board? study?
Scholarship Won : Award for A. Very cordial and comforting A. We must start with a wide extensive
Commendable Contribution in atmosphere. study and cover the basics of all the
College Activities. Q. Did your father and/or mother topics. Then we should delve deep
also read Competition Success according to our requirements.
14 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION

IAS Toppers 2022-23

Secrets of Success
It was a historic moment for the 2021-22, 28.5% in 2020-21, 23.8% in Educational qualifications of the Top
women power in the country as the 2019-20, and 23.9% in 2018-19. 25 successful candidates range from
highest number of women ever secured Based on the final results of graduation in Engineering, Humanities,
their place of pride among successful CSE 2022-23, the UPSC recommended Science, Commerce, and Medical
candidates of the Civil Ser vices 933 candidates for appointment in Science from premier institutions of the
Examination (CSE) 2022-23 conducted civil services, comprising 613 men and country such as IIT, NIT, DTU, Gauhati
by the Union Public Service Commission 320 women. As many as six women Medical College, University of Delhi,
(UPSC), the final results of which secured a place in the Top 10 successful Gujarat National Law University,
were declared on May 23, 2023. Over candidates, along with four men. Jadavpur University, Jiwaji University,
one-third of the 933 candidates The top 25 list comprised 14 women etc. The Top 25 successful
recommended for appointment in the and 11 men. candidates had opted for subjects
Indian Civil Services were women.
Moreover, the top four ranks were
claimed by women, with three of them
from Delhi University (DU).
Ms. Ishita Kishore, an Economics
graduate from Shri Ram College of
Commerce (DU), topped the 2022
examination, securing All India Rank
(AIR) 1. She was followed by
Ms. Garima Lohia, who belongs to
Buxar in Bihar and graduated from
Kirori Mal College (DU), Ms. Uma
Harathi N. from Hyderabad in
Telangana and Ms. Smriti Mishra, from
Noida in NCR, bagging AIR 2, AIR 3
and AIR 4, respectively. This was the
second consecutive year when women
candidates secured the top three Based on the result of the written part of the Civil Services Examination, 2022
positions. Ms. Shruti Sharma, held by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) in September 2022 and
Ms. Ankita Agarwal and Ms. Gamini the interviews for the Personality Test held in January-May 2023, a total number
Singla had secured the first, second and of 933 candidates have been recommended for appointment as per the following
third positions in the CSE 2021. break-up: General 345; EWS 99; OBC 263; SC 154; and ST 72.
Mr. Mayur Hazarika, an MBBS doctor In accordance with Rule 20(4) and (5) of the Civil Services Examination Rules
from Assam, emerged as the topper 2022, the Commission is maintaining a consolidated Reserve List of candidates as
among men with AIR 5 in CSE 2022. under:
Ms. Gahana Navya James (AIR 6),
Mr. Waseem Ahmad Bhat (AIR 7), GENERAL EWS OBC SC ST TOTAL
Mr. Aniruddh Yadav (AIR 8), 89 28 52 05 04 178
Ms. K anika Goyal (AIR 9) and
Mr. Rahul Srivastava (AIR 10) completed Appointment to the various Services will be made according to the number of
the Top 10 list of the CSE 2022-23. vacancies available with due consideration to the provisions in the Rules for the
Traditionally a male bastion, the Civil Examination. The number of vacancies reported by the Government to be filled
Services Examinations have witnessed a is as under:
gradual increase in successful women
candidates over the past decades. In the SERVICES GEN EWS OBC SC ST Total
1980s and 1990s, the number of women I.A.S. 75 18 45 29 13 180
making it to the list of successful I.F.S. 15 04 10 06 03 38
candidates in the CSE was less than I.P.S. 83 20 53 31 13 200
20%. By 2006, their share in the total
candidates selected by the UPSC rose Central Services:
to around 20%. In the list of 933 Group 'A' 201 45 122 69 36 473
successful CSE 2022-23 candidates, 320 Group 'B' 60 12 33 19 07 131
or 34.2% were women, way better than Total 434 99 263 154 72 1022*
25.8% share of women among the *includes 41PwBD vacancies (14 PwDB-1, 07 PwBD-2, 12 PwDB-3, 08 PwDB-5)
recommended candidates based on CSE
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 15
like Anthropolog y, Commerce &
Accountancy, Economics, Electrical
Engineering, Law, History, Mathematics,
Political Science & International
Relations, Philosophy, Sociology and
Zoology as their Optional choice in the
Written (Main) Examination.
The CSE is conducted annually in
three stages—Preliminary, Main and
Personality Test—by the UPSC to select
officers of the Indian Administrative
Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service
(IFS) and Indian Police Service (IPS),
among others. The UPSC CSE Prelims
2022 was held on June 5, 2022, and the
examination results were released on June
22, 2022. A total of 11,35,697 candidates
applied for the Prelims, out of whom
5,73,735 appeared in the examination. A
total of 13,090 candidates qualified for
appearance in the Written (Main)
Examination 2022, which was conducted
from September 16 to 25, 2022, and the
results were declared on December 6,
2022—a total of 2,529 candidates
qualified for the Personality Test of the
Examination. The interviews concluded
on May 18, 2023.
Here are the Secrets of Success of the
Top 10 successful CSE 2022-23
candidates.
“Understanding The
Crux Of The Subject
Matter Is Key”
Ms. Ishita Kishore, AIR 1
Ms. Ishita Kishore, an Economics
(Hons.) graduate from Shri Ram College
of Commerce, Delhi University, topped
the CSE 2022-23. She cracked the exam
with Political Science and International
Relations as her Optional. Ms. Kishore
completed her 12th in Commerce stream
from Air Force Bal Bharti School, New
Delhi. The daughter of a Wing
Commander with the Indian Air Force,
who passed away when she was six,
Ms. Kishore worked with Ernst and
Young as Risk Advisor for two years
after graduation. The 26-year-old left her
lucrative job to prepare for CSE. She is
the younger of two siblings, and her
elder brother is a lawyer, while her
mother, a school teacher, has now retired.
Ms. Kishore cleared the prestigious
exam on her third attempt. After not
clearing even the Prelims in her two
previous attempts, she staged the most
staggering comeback to take the top rank
A keen reader of CSR throughout her preparation, Ms. Ishita Kishore,
who was advised by her parents to “refer CSR whenever needed”,
expressed her gratitude towards CSR for its broad coverage of various
topics in current affairs. She advises future aspirants: “Be very
sincere about your goal. Always be honest with yourself and give your
100 per cent. Don’t let your fears and worries stop you.”
16
in the CSE 2022-23. In retrospect, she
said, “If you study and don’t clear Prelims,
then it feels bad. It happened two times.
But I asked myself if I could do this and
if I was willing to work on my mistakes. I
identified my mistakes and worked on
them. Failures are part of life. One needs
to accept this. Even success should not
be made big. One should learn to deal
with failures. Failures are part of
everyone’s life, but how we overcome
those challenges defines us.”
Ms. ISHITA KISHORE
1st Rank
Ms. Kishore says that the change in
her UPSC fortunes came from a strategy
shift. This time, she made her own notes
and study material. She also attended
online classes for her third attempt.
“Understanding the crux of the subject
matter is key. My suggestion to all
aspirants is to chart a detailed study
schedule. Using the right source of
information is crucial,” she said. “My
earlier attempts helped me learn that there
will always be ups and downs in life. I
learnt from my mistakes and knew what
not to do in my third attempt,” she added.
Sharing her success secrets,
Ms. Kishore said that one must be
disciplined and sincere to accomplish
such a challenging journey of becoming
an IAS officer. “No matter how intelligent
you are, you have to put it in the hours;
you have to put it in the work,” she said.
“I tried to get around 40-45 hours of
preparation in a week,” she added.
Adopting different strategies for each
examination stage also paid rich dividends
to her. “To clear every stage, it needs
hard work and different strategies.
Prelims need analytical skills; for Mains,
you should have a habit of writing. For
the Interview, you need conversation
skills. I worked on everything,” she said.
“I don’t know what exactly worked for
me, but personally, what I tried to do was
to work on my Mains by practising,
looking at previous years’ question
papers, making notes from newspapers
and revisiting them. I think all of them
together helped me clear the Exam,” she
tweeted. She studied 8-9 hours every day.
“Coaching can be helpful if one chooses
a new Optional subject as I did. But 80-
90% of the preparation is self-study,”
she said.
For future aspirants, her advice is:
“Keep working hard towards your goal.
UPSC CSE requires a lot of consistency
and discipline. Put in the right amount
of hours that are needed according to
you. Do not compare with others. And
constantly re-evaluate your strategy to
succeed.”
The topper enjoyed her interview
round since it allowed her to combine
her two loves—football and an IAS job.
“My favourite question was, ‘How can
you utilise sports in administration?’ The
first thing I said was that civil servants
do not work in isolation but in teams,
which one can learn from sports.
Secondly, you learn to accept success
and setbacks in sports. It also gives you
the perseverance to continue,” she said.
She recalled there were also questions
about India-China relations and the
Panchayat system. “The interview was
conversational, and there was no question
that really threw me off,” she added.
Ms. Kishore feels her passion lies in
public service. She wants to contribute
to governance and public service. She
looks forward to joining IAS in the Uttar
Pradesh cadre and “would work for
women’s empowerment and upliftment
of neglected people”. She has also been
a national-level football player. She had
participated in the Subroto Cup football
tournament in 2012. In her free time,
Ms. Kishore enjoys playing squash.
Besides, she is fond of Madhubani
painting.
“Motivation, Self-Study
And Analysis Make You
Successful In CSE”
Ms. Garima Lohia, AIR 2
Ms. Garima Lohia, a native of Buxar
in Bihar, who secured AIR 2 in CSE
2022-23, is an example of how one does
not need to live in a big city to crack
the most challenging exam in the
country. She was born and raised in a
business family in Buxar, where she did
her primary schooling. She went to
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, for her further
school education. In 2017, she enrolled
in Kirori Mal College, Delhi, where she
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
pursued her graduation in Accountancy.
She returned to her hometown in 2020
and started preparing for the CSE amid
the Covid-19 lockdown.
Interestingly, she prepared for the
examination with the help of the
Internet and other basic books and
resources and did not join any coaching
classes. However, she did take a Mains
test series. She could not clear her
Prelims on the first attempt but
succeeded on her second attempt. Her
Optional in the UPSC exam was
Commerce and Accountancy.
Ms. GARIMA LOHIA
2nd Rank
Despite facing personal challenges,
such as the unfortunate loss of her
father, Ms. Lohia remained resolute and
committed to her goal. Talking about
her preparation, she said, “I started to
prepare for the UPSC exam CSE in 2020
during the Covid-19 lockdown. I studied
the basic books for UPSC exam
preparation that everyone uses and also
took the help of online resources.” She
said that she kept her preparation
balanced and used to take regular breaks
to meet her friends and relatives. “How
long one studies is very subjective and
differs from person to person. Some
days, when I was in a mood, I studied
for 8-10 hours. On other days, I have
even stopped after just 2-3 hours of
study. Motivation, self-study and analysis
will make anyone successful in the
examination. Proper guidance is also
necessary,” she added.
Ms. Lohia’s success story defies the
notion that coaching classes are essential
for UPSC preparation. In the digital age,
she highlights the abundance of online
resources available to clarify doubts and
enhance knowledge. “We often find
good mentors or seniors who guide us
in our UPSC exam preparation,” she
adds. Her advice to Civil Service
aspirants is to create their own
personalised preparation strategies and
study in an environment where they feel
most comfortable, whether it is at home
or elsewhere. “Work hard, be consistent
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
in your studies, stay disciplined, and you
will surely achieve success one day,” she
advises future aspirants.
Once, a UN Forum adjudged her
essay on Women Empowerment as Best
Essay. She likes listening to podcasts,
mostly about self-help and self-
improvement, in her free time. She
wants the young people to know that
they will succeed if they keep working
hard and don’t give up. In her interview,
she emphasised the value of self-help
groups when asked how she would
promote women’s empowerment in
Bihar. She explained how educating
women about the existing schemes
available to them might help them
become more economically empowered.
“Read As Much
As Needed And
Practice A Lot”
Ms. Uma Harathi N., AIR 3
Telangana girl Ms. Uma Harathi N.
secured AIR 3 in UPSC CSE 2022-23.
She is a B.Tech in Civil Engineering from
IIT Hyderabad. It took Ms. Harathi five
attempts to clear the CSE. She shares an
important message for the young
aspirants: “It’s okay to fail. I failed so
many times. Just be proud of yourself.
This was my fifth attempt. This has been
a long process, and it was not easy. But it
was a great journey. I learnt from my
mistakes and discovered myself.” Her
journey to securing AIR 3 is a testament
to her dedication, perseverance and
exceptional qualities.
Hailing from the Nalgonda district of
Telangana, Ms. Harathi said that she
could achieve this success because of
family support, with the primary
motivation coming from her father.
She is the daughter of Mr. N.
Venkateshwarlu, currently posted as
Superintendent of Police in the
Narayanpet district. The 28-year-old said
that it was her father who motivated her
towards Civil Services. “He kept telling
me what a great platform it is, not only
concerning career but also a platform
where I can do something meaningful.”
Ms. Harathi passed the exam with
Anthropology as her optional subject.
She had first selected Geography as the
Optional but later changed it to
Anthropology. After her studies, she
briefly worked online at Civil Services
Coaching Institute for six months. This
experience gave her valuable insights into
the UPSC examination and its
requirements. Additionally, she
participated in a 15-day Cultural Exchange
Programme in Japan, showcasing her
global perspective and diverse
experiences.
Sharing her success secrets,
Ms. Harathi said there is no single
formula for success and that
perseverance is the key to achieving
something. “Own up the process,
understand the exam. Own up to the
strategy, your failures, setbacks and highs
and lows. Just own up to everything, and
that way, even if you don’t clear the
exam, you’d be ready to face the world,”
she said. She advised how one can remain
motivated during the long exam journey:
“Take motivation from wherever you get.
If my story is of any help, use it. I have
been studying for the last five years. I
have seen many failures in the process.
My parents believed in me, and I
continued my studies, which is my duty,
and I saw the result.”
Ms. UMA HARATHI N.
3rd Rank
Ms. Harathi said that students must
read only as much as needed and practice
a lot as it is a competitive exam. She also
suggested that future aspirants must
develop their own strategies and, most
importantly, stick with them. “Do not
read too much. Just read as much as
needed and practice a lot. This is a
competitive exam, and practice makes
or breaks everything. So, practice a lot
and have your own strategy,” she said.
“Without sincerity and discipline, you
cannot crack UPSC CSE, no matter how
intelligent you are,” she added.
“What It Takes Is Hard
Work And Single-
Minded Devotion”
Ms. Smriti Mishra, AIR 4
Ms. Smriti Mishra, a native of
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, secured
AIR 4 in UPSC CSE 2022-23. This was
her third attempt at the UPSC
examination, as she had previously taken
the exam twice without success. This
time, she admitted to feeling anxious
and apprehensive about the outcome.
Despite her fears, Ms. Mishra received
unwavering support and encouragement
from her family and friends.
17

Talking to CSR, Ms. Smriti Mishra said: “I made notes through
various sources, often taking help from coaching whenever needed.
I made sure to consolidate everything before the actual exam.”
Regarding CSR, she said, “It gave an insight into the strategies of the
toppers and what actually transpires in the exam. The topics of
current and contemporary importance are exhaustively covered.”
Her father, Mr. Rajkumar Mishra, is
posted as Circle Officer II at Bareilly,
Uttar Pradesh. While they are residents
of the Allahapur locality of Prayagraj,
she has been living in Noida with her
mother, pursuing Law and giving her
final semester examination in Delhi. Her
brother is a lawyer at the Supreme
Court. Her family’s constant belief in
her abilities helped her stay motivated
and focussed. With their backing,
Ms. Mishra faced the UPSC examination
with renewed determination, resulting in
her exceptional achievement. She had
decided to become an IAS officer when
she was only in Class 10.
Ms. SMRITI MISHRA
4th Rank
Ms. Mishra studied at St. Clair’s Higher
Secondary School in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
In her Class 12 exam, she secured 96.6%
marks. She did her B.Sc. in Life Sciences
from Miranda House College, Delhi
University, Delhi. In CSE, she opted for
Zoology as her Optional.
Ms. Mishra gives credit for her success
to her hard work and single-minded
devotion to the goal of becoming an
IAS officer. She said that this exam is
challenging since the exam cycle is longer
than other exams—it takes 18 months.
“I dedicated seven to eight hours daily
to prepare for the UPSC exam. I regularly
took notes to consolidate my learning,”
she said. She used to set monthly targets
and studied till achieving them. She
advises future aspirants: “Back yourself
and be consistent in your preparation.
Trust yourself and trust the process.
Once in a while, sit back and reflect.”
Ms. Mishra found the Interview
Board cordial and gentle. “The primary
motive of the panel was to get an
overview of the candidate’s personality
18
Preliminary exam, Dr. Hazarika chose
to discontinue his medical service in May
2022 and devoted his full attention to
his Mains preparation, putting in
9-10 hours every day. Regarding hurdles,
Dr. Hazarika experienced stress when
managing his work and studies, but he
felt there was no point in complaining
instead of bombarding a candidate with about his challenges; instead, he found a
questions. Ms. Mishra was inspired by solution.
her father as a little girl when she saw Dr. Hazarika is a strong votary of
him serving society. She avoided social smart studies. “It is important to study
media for almost three years while smartly. The UPSC CSE is a challenge in
preparing for the CSE. and of itself, but anyone preparing for it
should focus on smart work rather than
“You Need To Plan hard work. An aspirant should first try
to determine what should be focussed
Smartly Based On on and what should be ignored,” he said.
Every Stage” “Each stage needs its own planning. One
Dr. Mayur Hazarika, AIR 5 needs to plan smartly based on every
stage,” he added.
(The Topper Among Men)
Dr. Mayur Hazarika, an MBBS doctor
from Assam, has secured AIR 5 and has
topped among the men candidates. The
26-year-old achieved this success in his
very first attempt. After completing his
MBBS from the prestigious Gauhati
Medical Colleg e and Hospital in
Guwahati, Assam, he is engaged with
the National Health Mission in his home
state. After clearing the UPSC CSE 2022-
23, his first preference is to join the
Indian Foreign Service (IFS) as he greatly
admires the esteemed External Affairs
Minister, Mr. S. Jaishankar. The desire to
serve his country at the highest level
motivated him to choose Civil Services Dr. MAYUR HAZARIKA
as his career path. He chose
Anthropology as his Optional because 5th Rank
he comes from a medical background.
Originally from Tezpur, Assam, Dr. Hazarika did not take coaching to
Dr. Hazarika attended Don Bosco School become a UPSC topper. Instead, he
in his hometown for his primary and mostly self-studied for the competitive
secondary education before passing exam. He also watched online video
Class 12 at Ramanujam Junior College lectures to understand concepts and learn
in the Nagaon district of Assam. He better for UPSC exam. As for social
lives in Tezpur with his family. He media, he acknowledged its advantages
resolved to try for Civil Services when in providing access to information. “All
he was doing his MBBS.. “UPSC was technologies have their pros and cons,
always at the back of my mind,” he says, and I think that social media has a great
“but I was never sure and committed to advantage from the point of view that it
it. But I grew serious about it at some provides us with so much information,
point during my MBBS.” but at the same time, we should be careful
Without stopping to work, about not getting addicted to it and also
Dr. Hazarika began preparing for the be very careful what we are consuming
UPSC in 2021 with a more focussed in social media,” he said.
approach later in the year. Initially, he Dr. Hazarika is a passionate football
studied 4-5 hours daily, even while fan who enjoys playing football in his
working as a doctor at Nagaon spare time to clear his head and feel
Government Hospital. After passing the refreshed.
Dr. Mayur Hazarika’s tips for CSR readers and future aspirants include
(i) Developing perseverance and discipline with studies; (ii) Having a
mental support system, which could be your parents, friends, etc.; and
(iii) Staying true to yourself in your efforts. He credited CSR for
inspiring him with its toppers’ interviews and columns. He recognises
that the updates on current affairs and analysis in CSR made his job
easier. He said that he used CSR inputs while writing the Essay paper.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 “Reading Newspapers
And Evolving Opinions
Helped Me A Lot”
Ms. Gahana N. James, AIR 6
The AIR 6 in the UPSC CSE 2022-23
was bagged by a Malayali girl, Ms. Gahana
Navya James. She is from Puliyannoor
in Pala, a town in the Kottayam district
of Kerala. She studied in Chavara Public
School till Class 10 and completed
Class 11 and 12 at St. Mary’s School in
Pala. After completing her B.A. in
History at Alphonso College in Pala, she
did her M.A. in Political Science at St.
Thomas College again in Pala. She is
pursuing her PhD in International
Relations after securing the Junior
Research Fellowship in UGC NET exam.
Ms. GAHANA NAVYA JAMES
6th Rank
It was Ms. James’ childhood dream to
become a public servant or civil servant.
She passed the exam in her second
attempt. The 25-year-old is aspiring to
join the IFS. She is the daughter of
Mr. Chirakkal James Thomas and
Ms. Deepa George, a retired college
professor couple. Mr. Sibi George, India’s
Ambassador to Japan, is her uncle, her
mother’s brother. She said that her uncle
was a huge inspiration for her. Her
younger brother, a degree student at
St. Thomas College, Pala, also helped
her as a trainer and motivator. He
conducted mock interviews for her,
updated her on current affairs and helped
her with personality development.
Ms. James obtained the coveted
success in CSE without any coaching,
despite living in Pala, a hub of coaching
centres for various competitive exams.
Making a conscious decision to rely on
self-study, she charted her own path,
understanding her strengths and
weaknesses and building her self-
confidence. Ms. James opted for Political
Science and International Relations as
her Optional because of her desire to
understand the complexities of how
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
politics and world affairs interact. She
relied on newspapers and the Internet to
learn and collect information. “I always
believe in self-study... So, I didn’t go for
any coaching. I have read newspapers
since childhood and tried to evolve my
own opinion on various issues and
developments. I think it has helped me a
lot in the exam,” she said.
Ms. James faced her share of
difficulties on the self-study route she
ultimately chose. It required great self-
motivation, a well-organised study
schedule, and the capacity to maintain
attention in the face of distractions. Her
achievement was greatly influenced by
her constant resolve and the discipline
she developed, which enabled her to
realise her full potential and demonstrate
her skills.
“Work Tirelessly With
A Planned Approach”
Mr. Waseem Ahmad Bhat, AIR 7
Mr. Waseem Ahmad Bhat, who has
secured AIR 7 in UPSC CSE 2022-23,
is the son of a gardener from Bragam
Dooru Shahabad village in the Anantnag
district of south Kashmir. He studied
at a local school in the Dooru area
before graduating with a B.Tech. in Civil
Engineering at the National Institute of
Technology (NIT) in Srinagar. Though
he had qualified for UPSC Civil Services
in 2021 and ranked 225, he decided to
sit for the exam again.
Mr. Bhat was undergoing training in
Nagpur when he received the news of
his cracking the exam with much more
flying colours. “It was surprising to see
my name on the first page. I thought I
would be among the 70, but Rank 7
brought me and my family joy,” he said.
Mr. Waseem always wanted to become
an IAS officer and serve his community,
a dream that has come true with his
hard work.
Mr. Bhat comes from a very humble
family background. His father,
Mr. Mahammad Yusuf Bhat, works in
the Jammu & Kashmir State Agriculture
Department, while his mother is a
homemaker. The UPSC CSE topper
credited his parents and grandfather—
who encouraged him to think big—for
inspiring him to pursue a career in Civil
Services. “Ever since I was young,
everyone in the house used to say that I
would become a D.M. when I grew up.
Later, when I was in NIT Srinagar, I
learned about UPSC exam and prepared
for it,” he said. After graduation, he
prepared for the exam while living in
Delhi. In 2020, he made his first attempt
and was unsuccessful. He again appeared
for the CSE in 2021 and was successful
but needed a higher rank. This time, he
has secured AIR 7.
Coming from a small town, Mr. Bhat
highlighted the need for more guidance
as a significant challenge for individuals
from smaller places. He said that in his
case, there was a lack of guidance because
no one near him had appeared for Civil
Services Exam. “Even if you have
guidance, you need resources, be it
financial or study. There is always mental
pressure, and it’s important to cope with
that. Family and friends help ease that
pressure,” he said. While social media
provided him with valuable support, the
topper emphasised the importance of
personal mentoring during the
preparation phase. His experience in
Delhi after leaving Srinagar enabled him
to find clarity and receive adequate
guidance.
Mr. WASEEM AHMAD BHAT
7th Rank
Mr. Bhat, who chose Anthropology as
his Optional for CSE, acknowledges the
immense challenges associated with this
lengthy and demanding examination
process. “The Civil Services Examination
is widely regarded as one of the toughest
exams in the world. As candidates wait
almost a year to complete the various
stages, the emotional toll it takes can be
exceptional,” he shared. The Science
Fiction enthusiast did not depend on
any mentorship or guidance during his
preparation, being the first person in his
family to crack the exam. “Determination
and a clear goal can help overcome any
challenge,” he said.
Underscoring the significance of
having clarity and setting goals early on,
he suggests, “In one’s 20s, aspiring civil
servants should invest time in
understanding their aspirations and
charting a clear path to achieve them.”
A lover of books on Evolutionary
Anthropolog y, Mr. Bhat said, “By
working tirelessly with a planned
approach, one can overcome obstacles
and progress towards their desired goals.
Hard work, combined with a well-
19
defined direction, becomes the driving
force
“ that leads to success.”
Mr. Bhat recognises the potential
impact he can make by working in the
Civil Services, particularly in areas
related to education, health and skill
development. He aims to contribute
meaningfully to the country’s growth and
development by focussing on these
sectors. “Education plays a pivotal role
in transforming society and driving
progress,” he said.
“Consistency And Self-
Belief Are Key
To Acing CSE”
Mr. Aniruddh Yadav, AIR 8
Mr. Aniruddh Yadav, who secured
AIR 8 in UPSC CSE 2022-23, is an
IITian and belongs to a predominantly
Civil Services family who lives in
Chanakyapuri, New Delhi. His father,
IPS Mr. Manoj Yadav, was the former
DGP of Haryana. His elder brother,
Mr. Aditya Vikram, is also an IAS officer
stationed in Assam, while his mother
had taken VRS from the Ministry of
Commerce. His entire family has been
in Civil Services.
Mr. ANIRUDDH YADAV
8th Rank
After completing his primary and
secondary education at Sanskriti School
in Delhi, Mr. Yadav did his B.Tech in
Biochemical Engineering and then
M.Tech in Biotechnology from IIT
Delhi. Soon after, he started preparing
for the Civil Services Examination at
the behest of his brother, who secured
72nd Rank in UPSC CSE in 2017.
Mr. Yadav had cracked the prestigious
exam twice earlier, managing IRPS and
In an exclusive interview with CSR, Mr. Aniruddh Yadav, who found
the content in the magazine holistic and incorporating all aspects of
General Studies comprehensively, said, “I think balancing studies with
socialising, good quality sleep and exercise, allows one to improve
focus and stay relaxed during the exam.”
20
IIS with his rankings. But his heart was
set on IAS. On his third attempt, he
could not crack the Prelims. But he did
not lose courage, and on the fourth
attempt, he made it to the Top 10 by
securing 8th Rank. Both his father and
brother contributed significantly to his
preparation. The topper credited his
success in the IAS exam to his family
and said that this success did not come
from a singular effort but a joint effort
by many people.
Mr. Yadav said that consistency was
the key to acing the exam, and one should
follow a regular study routine to achieve
success in the exam. “Before exams, I
would study for hours, and there is no
track of time,” he said, discussing his
preparation time. “Normally, I would
study 16 to 17 hours daily,” he added.
The hardest part was maintaining
consistency, and doing it repeatedly each
day turned out to be the most crucial
factor. The vastness of the course did
not intimidate him; instead, he instilled a
sense of self-confidence and belief in
his abilities, which carried him through
the difficult path of the UPSC exam. He
established daily goals and maintained a
commitment to efforts and goals. He
said he was not enrolled in coaching
classes but only practised UPSC mock
tests and online test series.
Mr. Yadav says that aspirants must put
much effort into completing the lengthy
syllabus, which requires a structured
study schedule. With focus and
determination, he immersed himself in
his studies for exceptionally long hours,
leaving no room for distraction. His
inability to spend much time with his
family and friends was one of his biggest
challenges. Finding a balance between
his studies and his passion for sports
was another challenge because it
occasionally interfered with his study
time.
Mr. Yadav’s advice to the UPSC
aspirants: “It is important to believe in
yourself as you have to cross a long
road. UPSC exam requires a lot of hard
work and studying a vast syllabus; hence,
it is important to have self-confidence.”
He also said, “Do not take the exam too
seriously and take care of yourself. Sleep
properly and eat properly.” He says
taking care of one’s physical and mental
health is crucial to keep the drive and
concentration required for success. For
young aspirants, he recommends getting
enough sleep, eating well, and leading a
healthy lifestyle to improve performance
during the challenging training phase.
To excel in his preparation, Mr. Yadav
had to make certain sacrifices, such as
giving up his love for squash and
restricting his use of social media like
Instagram.
“I Focussed On Clearing
Each Of My Concepts”
Ms. Kanika Goyal, AIR 9
Ms. Kanika Goyal, a 24-year-old girl
from Kaithal in Haryana, bagged AIR 9
in UPSC CSE 2022-23. Her success
story is a testament to her unwavering
determination and relentless pursuit of
her dreams. Despite coming from a
humble background, she never allowed
her circumstances to define her
potential. Her journey to success was
marked by hard work, resilience, and an
unyielding spirit.
Ms. KANIKA GOYAL
9th Rank
Ms. Goyal, the only child of
Mr. Lakhmi Chand Goyal, who runs
a grocer y store in Kaithal and
Mrs. Neelam Goyal, achieved this
success in her second attempt. On her
first attempt, she could not pass the
interview. She completed her schooling
at Hindu Girls Senior Secondary School,
Kaithal and graduated with honours in
Political Science from Lady Shri
Ram College for Women, Delhi
University. Ms. Goyal attributes her
success to the unwavering support of
her family. She had nurtured her dream
of becoming an IAS officer since she
was in Class 7 and never wavered in her
determination.
After she could not make it to
the final list of UPSC CSE 20221-22,
Ms. Goyal adjusted her preparation plan
and chose the reasoning and elimination
technique. She decided to push her
scores and worked accordingly on all
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Engineering. Only after his graduation
Ms. Kanika Goyal prepared for her General Studies paper “by did Mr. Srivastava start preparing for
deciding the specific base sources, using newspapers for value
additions, and using test series.” She acknowledges that CSR helped UPSC CSE with Electrical Engineering
her immensely. The topper says, “It (CSR) covers major aspects and as his Optional. “I was fond of that
is holistic in its examination coverage. The comprehensive coverage subject, so I never thought twice before
stood apart whenever I referred to the magazine.” locking it as Optional. During my final
year, I had decided to be a civil servant,
her subjects, especially her Optional— voices and give suggestions, which is so I didn’t even take the campus
Political Science and International prominent in big offices such as Google, selection,” he said.
Relations—which she carefully chose as among others.” After not being able to clear Prelims
she had a firm grip over the entire Ms. Goyal’s hobbies include writing, thrice, he was disappointed. The
syllabus. The value-addition and the way practising tasks and doing Pranayama consecutive failures even hampered his
she framed her answers while writing daily. She used to meditate to help her preparation. “My goal was clear. So, I
her exam on the second attempt worked concentrate on her studies. Reading couldn’t sit back and just be hopeless. I
for her and helped her not only score newspapers daily and reading various gathered myself and started with more
more marks in all the stages of the exam books was also part of her preparation. enthusiasm,” said Mr. Srivastava. “Playing
but also end up in the Top 10. As she may get IAS, she wishes to be with my friends and neighbours helped
Ms. Goyal’s preparation strategy was part of the development for me to deal with my failures and remain
somewhat different and was pivotal in India@2047. positive,” he added. And then AIR 10
her remarkable achievement. She was an incredible success on his fourth
adopted a systematic and disciplined “Self-study, Smart Work And attempt.
approach, focussing on clearing each one During the initial days of preparation,
of her concepts and consistently Sound Understanding Of Mr. Srivastava used to study from
expanding her knowledge base. The Concepts Are Important” everywhere. He didn’t want to lose
topper dedicated long hours to out on anything, but the failure taught
continuous study, immersing herself in Mr. Rahul Srivastava, AIR 10 him that too much can be confusing.
the subjects and ensuring a Mr. Rahul Srivastava, an Electrical Learning from his mistake, he focussed
comprehensive understanding. Her Engineer from Patna, Bihar, has secured on basic books and kept revising them
preparation routine was flexible yet AIR 10 in UPSC CSE 2022-23. It was multiple times. He advises aspirants
rigorous, allowing her to continuously his fourth attempt, and interestingly he to follow the same and avoid being
study while maintaining a balance with couldn’t even clear his Prelims in the spoiled by choices. “I tried to study at
other aspects of her life. She emphasised first three attempts. However, neither least 5-6 hours daily. Sometimes the
the importance of utilising any available did he lose hope nor refrain from hard hours could extend, and sometimes, I
time for studying, even during breaks work. couldn’t complete the set target. The one
or while engaging in other activities. thing I made sure was that whatever I
“Sometimes, when I was not involved study, I should do it with full
in my studies, I used to talk to my concentration,” he said.
parents, including while eating. I watched Mr. Srivastava adopted a
TV too for a while. When the mind was straightforward approach to preparing
set again, I used to resume my studies,” for the UPSC exam. His preparation
she said. strategy consisted of three elements: self-
Ms. Goyal did not take any offline study, smart work and sound
coaching but did a few online crash understanding, besides retention of
courses. “I did not take any offline concepts. He followed a self-study
coaching, but I did sign up for online approach without relying on coaching.
webinars and a few crash courses,” he He firmly believes that with a focussed
said. approach, one can crack the UPSC exam
In her interview, Ms. Goyal recited a through self-preparation. Based on his
poem, “I’m Meant to Fly”, in front of experience, he emphasised the
the panel. The panellists quickly sought significance of smart work. He said that
Mr. RAHUL SRIVASTAVA
her perspective on the great poet Mirza it is crucial to understand what needs to
Ghalib’s poem, “Udne do in parindo 10th Rank
be prioritised during the preparation
ko...” They also asked if an organisation phase. To enhance his understanding and
should let its staff have their aspirations Mr. Srivastava’s father is a retired
retention of concepts, Mr. Srivastava
and try their luck elsewhere even though banker, and his mother is a homemaker.
utilised free online video lectures as a
they are required in the job. She replied: After completing his Class 10 from St.
valuable resource. Engaging with audio-
“Yes, diligence and discipline go together Karen’s and Class 12 from DAV Public visual content through videos helped him
in an organisation. The subordinates School, he went to NIT, Tiruchirappalli grasp and remember information more
should also have a platform to raise their (Tamil Nadu) for B.Tech in Electrical effectively.
A volleyball, chess and cricket
Mr. Rahul Srivastava, who found “wide coverage and easy availability enthusiast, Mr. Srivastava found solace
of contents like Civil Services Specials, Solved Question Papers” in in these games during his tough-going
CSR of much help, said that aspiration to join Civil Services is a preparations. From the podium of IAS,
motivation in itself. Advising future aspirants while talking to CSR, he aspires to make an impact on society
he said : “Keep your motivation till the end. Think of the
and strive for the better ment of
reasons why you wanted to join the Civil Services.”
downtrodden society.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 21
 ANALYSIS OF CURRENT ISSUES*
The New Temple Of
Democracy
“There are few moments in every nation’s history that
are immortalised. Some dates become immortal signatures
on the face of time. May 28, 2023, is one such date when
the people of India have given themselves a gift for the
Amrit Mahotsava.” These words of Prime Minister
Mr. Narendra Modi echoed the true significance of the
New Parliament building, which he dedicated to the nation
in a grand ceremony on the day that was the 148th birth
anniversary of Veer Savarkar, one of the greatest freedom
fighters of India. The new Parliament building is a
remarkable achievement and a symbol of the nation’s
progress.
The new Parliament building stands alongside the old
Parliament House, embodying the aspirations and pride of
the Indian people. With increased seating capacity, advanced
technology, and a blend of modernity and cultural heritage,
the new building reflects India’s commitment to democracy
and sustainability. It showcases impressive artwork, green
building practices, and accessibility for all. This architectural
marvel signifies a new era in India’s legislative journey.
Another historic event preceded the inauguration ceremony,
the installation of the “Sengol”, a ceremonial sceptre from
Tamil Nadu, signifying the transfer of power in 1947 when
the country became Independent.
*Essential Reading Material for Civil Services General Studies Papers
and extremely useful for MBA and other Competitive Examinations,
Group Discussions and Interviews.
22
Sankalp To Siddhi
Prime Minister Mr. Modi’s speech at the inaugural
ceremony of the new Parliament building had a ring about
the “Tryst With Destiny” speech delivered by the first Prime
Minister of India, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, at midnight when
India got its freedom. Mr. Modi said that this is not merely a
building but is a reflection of the aspirations and dreams of
140 crore Indians. “This is a temple of our democracy that
gives a message of India’s resolution to the world”, he said.
“This new Parliament building connects planning to reality,
policy to realisation, willpower to execution, and Sankalp to
Siddhi,” he said. “It will be a medium for realising the
freedom fighters’ dreams, witnessing Aatmanirbhar Bharat’s
sunrise and seeing the realisation of a Viksit Bharat. This
new building is an example of the coexistence of ancient
and modern,” he added.
“New models can be established only by treading new
paths”, the Prime Minister remarked as he highlighted that
New India is realising new goals and paving new ways.
“There is a new energy, new zeal, new enthusiasm, new
thinking and a new journey. There are new visions, new
directions, new resolutions and a new trust”, he exclaimed.
The Prime Minister said that the world is looking towards
India’s determination, its citizens’ vigour and the life of
human power in India with respect and hope. “When India
moves forward, the world moves forward”, he remarked,
underlining that the new Parliament building will invoke the
development of the world from the development of India.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 The Prime Minister
recalled the golden period
of India’s prosperity and
architecture and said that
centuries of slavery robbed
us of this glory. He said
that India of the 21st
century is filled with
confidence. “Today’s India
is leaving behind the
mentality of slavery and
embracing that ancient
glory of art. This new
Parliament building is a
living example of this
endeavour,” he added.
“This building has Virasat
(heritage) as well as Vastu An inside view of new Parliament building
(Architecture), Kala (art) as
well as Kaushal (skill), Sanskriti (culture) as well as notes materials used in sculpting the Ashoka Emblem were brought
of Samvidhan (the Constitution).” Further, he said, “We from Aurangabad and Jaipur. It also used manufactured
witness the spirit of Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat in every sand or M-sand from Charkhi Dadri in Haryana for creating
particle of this building.”
Greater And Grandeur
The new Parliament building, which stands alongside
the existing Parliament House, is an architectural marvel.
The old and new Parliament buildings will work together
as an ensemble to facilitate smooth and efficient
Parliamentary functioning. Built at a cost of Rs. 971 crore,
the new building has a built-up area of about 64,500 sq.m.,
with its triangular shape ensuring the optimum utilisation
of space. The building has three main gates—Gyan Dwar,
Shakti Dwar, and Karma Dwar. It has separate entrances
for VIPs, MPs, and visitors. The new building houses a
larger Lok Sabha Hall with a capacity of up to 888 seats
and a larger Rajya Sabha Hall with a capacity of up to 384
seats. The Lok Sabha can accommodate up to 1,272 seats
for joint sessions of Parliament.
The Lok Sabha Hall is based on the peacock theme,
India’s national bird. The Rajya Sabha is based on the lotus
theme, India’s national flower. Each seat in the new
Parliament building is equipped with a multimedia display
in front, providing modern amenities to MPs. A state-of-
the-art Constitutional Hall in the building symbolically and
physically puts the Indian citizens at the heart of our
democracy. It is planned that a copy of the Indian
Constitution will be safeguarded within this Hall, signifying
its significance as a repository of Constitutional principles.
Crowning the Constitution Hall is an Ashoka pillar,
symbolising a vital emblem of Indian heritage.
A “Platinum-rated Green Building”, the new Sansad
Bhavan will embody India’s commitment towards
environmental sustainability. The building is an embodiment
of Indian heritage, reflecting modern India’s “vibrance and
diversity, incorporating our cultural and regional arts and
crafts”. It is divyang-friendly, where specially-abled people
will be able to move around freely. The building has ultra-
modern office spaces that are secure, efficient, and equipped
with the latest communications technology. The new
building has large committee rooms with the latest audio-
visual equipment, providing a superior library experience.
A Central Lounge that complements the open courtyard is
a place for members to interact with each other. The
courtyard has a banyan, the national tree. To add to its
grandeur, large portraits of revered figures like Mahatma
Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, and
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
former Prime Ministers of
India grace the halls of the
new Parliament building.
The material used for the
new building has been
acquired from various parts
of the country. The
teakwood used in the
construction was sourced
from Nag pur in
Maharashtra, while the red
and white sandstone was
procured from Sarmathura
in Rajasthan. Kesaria green
stone, installed inside the
Lok Sabha chamber, has
been brought from
Udaipur. The furniture was
crafted in Mumbai, and the
a concrete mix for construction activities.
The Sengol
As part of the inaugural celebrations of the new
Parliament building, Prime Minister Mr. Modi installed the
golden sceptre near the Speaker’s seat in the Lok Sabha
Hall. Traditionally called the “Sengol”, it has roots in Tamil
culture. Sengol is derived from the Tamil word Semmai,
meaning “full of wealth”. The sceptre is a significant
historical symbol of Independence that signifies the transfer
of power from the British to the Indians. It was handed
over to India’s first Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru by
the people of Tamil Nadu as the country became
independent. Talking about the revelation and significance
of the Sengol, Union Home Minister Mr. Amit Shah said,
“This Sengol has huge significance. When PM Mr. Modi
learned about this, he asked for more information about it.
On August 14, 1947, around 10:45 P.M., Pt. Nehru accepted
this Sengol from the people of Tamil Nadu. It is a sign of a
shift of power from Britishers to the people of this country.”
The tradition of Sengol dates back to the Chola dynasty
when such sceptres were used in the coronation of kings.
It served as a ceremonial spear and was considered a sacred
symbol of authority, representing the transfer of power
from one ruler to the next. The one who was handed over
the Sengol was expected to impart a just and impartial
rule. In modern times, the Sengol holds profound cultural
importance and is part of various auspicious events, festivals
and ceremonies. It is seen as a tribute to Tamil culture’s
rich history and legacy.
Ahead of the announcement of Independent India, Lord
Mountbatten, the last Viceroy, asked Pt. Nehru as to how
India would mark the historical moment of the ceremonial
transfer of power. Pt. Nehru broached the subject with his
Indian National Congress colleague C. Rajagopalachari,
commonly known as Rajaji, who told him about the Tamil
tradition, where a high priest hands over a sceptre to a new
king when he comes to power. He said this tradition was
followed during the reign of the Cholas and suggested that
this could mark India’s freedom from the Raj. The seer of
the Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam, a prominent centuries-old
mutt in Tanjore in present-day Tamil Nadu, accepted the
responsibility of arranging the Sengol. Accordingly, a gold-
plated silver Sengol was designed and prepared, which was
five feet long and had a “Nandi” bull, the vahan or vehicle
23
 of Lord Shiva, symbolising old Parliament building.
justice and strength. The Then, there were safety
Sengol, then, was given to concerns too. The old
Lord Mountbatten by a Parliament building was
senior priest. It was then built when Delhi was in
taken back from him and Seismic Zone II; currently,
sprinkled with Gangajal. It it is in Seismic Zone IV,
was later taken to Pt. Nehru raising structural safety
in a procession and handed concerns, says the website.
over to him before midnight
on the eve of Independence. Subject Of
The Sengol thus assumed Criticism
importance as the sceptre of Critics raised concerns
righteousness, a reminder of about the substantial
India’s diversity, and the birth
of a great nation. It has been cost of constructing
preserved in a museum in the new Parliament
Allahabad since 1947. building, including interior
PM Mr. Modi received the decoration and artwork
Sengol from the Adheenam’s expenses. Some expressed
seers and installed it concerns about limited
inside the new Parliament as Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi receiving the Sengol. public access to the new
part of the foundation event. Parliament building and
“The transfer of power is not merely a handshake or signing suggested that it could have been inaugurated as an open
a document, and it must remain connected with local house, allowing citizens to explore and engage with the
traditions keeping in mind modern needs,” Mr. Shah said. democratic institution. They also emphasised the historical
and cultural significance of the old Parliament House and
Why A New Building argued that its retirement to secondary functions diminishes
The existing Parliament House, commissioned in its legacy. They contended that preserving the old building
1927, is almost a century-old Heritage Grade-I building. as a symbol of India’s democratic journey would have
There has been a massive increase in Parliamentary been a more appropriate approach.
activities and the number of Members of Parliament over The Opposition expressed discontent over the “lack of
the decades. While the first Lok Sabha in 1951 comprised public consultation or involvement” in the decision-making
representatives of 488 constituencies, the number increased process regarding the construction of the new Parliament
to 543 in the 11th Lok Sabha in 1996. The Indian building. They argued that such a significant project should
Constitution was explicitly modified in 2002 to prohibit have involved broader discussions and considerations of
constituency delimitation until the first census after 2026. public opinion. Political analysts criticised the choice of
One of the major concerns with the old Parliament the date and occasion for the inauguration of the new
building was the narrowing seating space for MPs. This Parliament building, citing concerns about symbolism and
building was never designed to accommodate a bicameral the perceived prioritisation of specific ideologies. They
legislature for a full-fledged democracy. When the freeze on contended that a more inclusive and secular approach
the total number of seats lifts after 2026, the number of should have been taken to avoid potential controversies
Lok Sabha seats will likely increase significantly from the and divisions. Also, some architects questioned the decision-
current 545. “The seating arrangements are cramped and making process based on “superstitious beliefs, such as
cumbersome, with no desks beyond the second row. The adherence to Vastu regulations or choosing an auspicious
Central Hall has a seating capacity of only 440 persons. date,” rather than pragmatic considerations.
When the Joint Sessions are held, the problem of limited Conclusion
seats amplifies. Due to limited space for movement, it is
also a huge security risk,” says the official site of the Central It was widely acknowledged that an upgraded Parliament
Vista project. Inadequate workspace for employees was for over facility was needed. The proposal had been bandied about
a decade, and the then Lok Sabha Speaker,
another concern. Over the years, inner service corridors Ms. Meira Kumar, had even set up a high-powered
were converted into offices, resulting in poor-quality committee for alternatives to the 1927-vintage building.
workspaces. These workspaces were often made even smaller During his second stint in office, Mr. Modi took it upon
by creating sub-partitions to accommodate more workers. himself, and an elegant, state-of-the-art building came up
Moreover, ad hoc constructions and modifications have within two and a half years. Irrespective of an
been made over time, and the building “is showing signs of accompanying storm of controversy, its inauguration on
distress and over-utilisation and is not able to meet the May 28, 2023, was a spectacle full of pomp and
current requirements in terms of space, amenities and circumstance. It coincided with the completion of nine
technology,” the website says. The infrastructure has been years of the present government’s rule.
distressed for a long time. The addition of services like It indeed is a proud moment for the entire country that
water supply and sewer lines, airconditioning, firefighting from now onwards, the fate of Indian democracy and the
equipment, CCTV cameras, etc., have led to seepage of Indian people will be decided from a Parliament
water at several places and impacted the aesthetics of the building that has been built by an all-Indian endeavour.
building. Fire safety is a significant concern at the old Some of the points raised by the critics may have substance,
Parliament building. Communication structures have also but that does not deny the fact that the new Parliament
become isolated. Communications Technology is antiquated, building symbolises the aspirations of the 1.4 billion people
and the acoustics of all the halls need improvement in the of the country.

24 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 The G7 Summit 2023
In Hiroshima

US President Mr. Joe Biden walks alongside British Prime Minister Mr. Rishi Sunak, European Commission President
Ms. Ursula von der Leyen, Canadian Prime Minister Mr. Justin Trudeau, Japan’s Prime Minister Mr. Fumio Kishida,
Italian Premier Ms. Giorgia Meloni, European Council President Mr. Charles Michel, French President Mr. Emmanuel Macron
and German Chancellor Mr. Olaf Scholz in Hiroshima at the G7 Summit on May 19, 2023.

The Group of Seven (G7) 2023 Summit, held under the
Presidentship of Japan from May 19 to 21, 2023, had a
special significance, particularly with respect to its venue
and location—Hiroshima. The leaders of the world’s most
advanced democracies met in Hiroshima, the site of the
world’s first-ever nuclear attack—a fitting reminder of the
risks of a nuclear war that is once again threatening the
world as a possible deadly extension of the Russia-Ukraine
war ongoing for more than a year now. China, just a short
flight away from Hiroshima, was also on the agenda as the
Asian giant continued to be a concern for G7 leaders amidst
its aggressive stances on Taiwan and other issues.
Before Russia invaded Ukraine, experts questioned
the relevance and power of the G7. However, the war in
Ukraine has given the G7 a renewed common purpose.
This was amply reflected in the White House Fact Sheet on
the G7 Hiroshima Summit when it said: “G7 is more
united than ever—united on Ukraine, united on China,
united on economic security, united on building the
clean energ y economies of the future, united on
nuclear disarmament, and united on fighting poverty and
responding to global challenges like the climate crisis around
the world”.
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi participated in the
G7 Hiroshima Summit 2023 at the invitation of Japanese
Prime Minister Mr. Fumio Kishida. This was the fifth time
in a row that PM Mr. Modi was invited to the G7 gathering.
India shares a considerable comfort level with the
G7 countries. The G7 members and India are democracies
with pluralistic societies, open trading systems, market
economies, robust media, an independent judiciary, etc.
India also enjoys close and strategic partnerships with all
the G7 member States. Mr. Modi spoke in three sessions,
titled ‘Toward a Peaceful, Stable and Prosperous World’,
‘Common Endeavour for a Sustainable Planet (including
Climate, Energy, Environment)’, and ‘Working Together
to Address Multiple Crises (including Food, Health,
Development, Gender)’, as part of the Summit
deliberations.
The Hiroshima G7 Summit also provided a venue for
other diplomatic engagements among the attending leaders.
Besides several bilateral meetings among the world leaders
on the sidelines of the Summit, the leaders of the
Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, commonly known as the
Quad, also held their third in-person Summit in Hiroshima
on May 20, 2023, hosted by Australian Prime Minister
Mr. Anthony Albanese.
Nuclear Symbolism
The venue of the 2023 G7 Summit, Hiroshima, was of
particular significance. Japanese PM Mr. Fumio Kishida
strategically selected the city of Hiroshima, his home

COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 25

 constituency, to highlight The statement called out
the horrors of nuclear Russia for threatening to
war and promote his use nuclear weapons in its
country’s vision of a war with Ukraine.
world without nuclear Likewise, the leaders
weapons because it is the called for North Korea to
historic site of the first abandon its nuclear
atomic bombing. Not far weapons programme and
from the leaders’ meeting reaffirmed the importance
venue was the Hiroshima of stopping Iran from
Peace Memorial Museum, developing nuclear
where dozens of weapons.
timepieces are displayed, Focus On Ukraine
which are still stuck at the The world leaders participating in G7 Summit visited Hiroshima Peace Geopolitics dominated
time ‘8:16 A.M.’ That was Memorial Museum on May 19, 2023. the G7 Summit in
the time on August 6, Hiroshima. The primary
1945, when a US Army Air Force B-29 bomber dropped focus of the 2023 G7 Summit was on reaffirming the
a single atomic bomb over the city, killing 70,000 people support for Ukraine. It was the first item addressed in the
instantly with its initial blast and leaving tens of thousands G7 Hiroshima Leaders’ Communiqué, besides also being
of others to die slowly later from the burns or radiation- the subject of a separate statement by G7 leaders. Ukrainian
related illnesses. The bomb, nicknamed “Little Boy”, was President Mr. Volodymyr Zelensky’s surprise visit to
the first step in a nuclear arms race that almost 80 years Hiroshima at the time of the Summit further underscored
later sees a world with roughly 12,500 nuclear warheads— the importance of this issue. G7 leaders committed to
many of them exponentially more powerful than the Little implementing new sanctions on key sectors in Russia,
Boy—in possession of nine nuclear-armed countries, providing Ukraine with budget support, and reducing
according to the Federation of American Scientists. reliance on Russian energy.
World leaders attending the G7 Summit visited the The G7 leaders also made clear that Russia should bear
Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum on May 19, 2023, signed the largest financial burden for the reconstruction of
the Guest Book for Visitors, and met with a Ukraine and that all war criminals should be held
survivor. “As Chair of the G7, I am gathering here together accountable. Individually, the United States and the United
with the leaders of G7 countries on this historic occasion Kingdom announced new additions to their sanction
of the G7 Summit to realise a world without nuclear regimes against Russia. Also, reversing an earlier position
weapons,” Mr. Kishida wrote in the guest book. There were held by President Mr. Biden, the United States agreed to
voices from some quarters that it was an occasion when the train Ukrainian pilots on F-16 fighter jets.
US President should have extended an apology for the On China
most devastating bombing of the city about 78 years ago. Regarding economic security, G7 leaders focused on
However, Mr. Biden just wrote: “May the stories of this building supply chain resilience, countering economic
Museum remind us all of our obligations to build a future coercion, and protecting critical technologies. The leaders
of peace. Together, let us continue to make progress toward explicitly addressed China in an unusual section of the
the day when we can finally and forever rid the world of Communiqué by stating that G7 economic policies are not
nuclear weapons. Keep the faith!” designed to harm or “decouple” from China but are rather
Nuclear Disarmament & Non- aimed at “diversification and de-risking”. The Communiqué
named critical minerals, semiconductors and batteries as
Proliferation supply chains of particular concern and pledged enhanced
At the G7 Summit, the issue of nuclear disarmament coordination within the G7 and with the developing
and non-proliferation featured prominently. The leaders countries.
expressed their commitment to a world without nuclear In response to China’s coercive economic practices, the
weapons in a separate declaration titled “G7 Leaders’ G7 leaders’ ‘Statement on Economic Resilience and
Hiroshima Vision on Nuclear Disarmament.” But they Economic Security’ called for creating a new ‘Coordination
recognised that this issue needed a “realistic, pragmatic, Platform on Economic Coercion’ to promote cooperation
and responsible approach.” Until that goal can be met, the within and beyond the G7 to respond to economic coercion.
leaders reaffirmed the importance of established The leaders also agreed to strengthen multilateral export
international treaties and institutions, such as the ‘Treaty controls on dual-use technology, another measure implicitly
on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and targeted at China.
the ‘Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty’ (CTBT). G7 leaders also reaffirmed the importance of peace and
The declaration read, “G7 leaders reaffirmed the stability across the Taiwan Strait and called for a peaceful
importance of disarmament and non-proliferation efforts resolution of cross-Strait issues. They highlighted that the
to create a more stable and safer world. They reaffirmed basic positions of the G7 members on the issue of Taiwan
the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons remain the same. They registered their grave concern about
as the cornerstone of the global nuclear non-proliferation the situation in the East and South China Seas and
regime and as the foundation for the pursuit of nuclear reaffirmed their strong opposition to any unilateral attempts
disarmament and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.” to change the status quo by force or coercion.

26 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 Food Security & Health
The G7 leaders also touched on food security and health
in the Communiqué. On food security, the leaders
highlighted the importance of the Black Sea Grain Initiative
and called on all participants to fulfil their commitments.
Throughout the Communiqué, the leaders emphasised that
all countries should do their part to minimise spillover
damage from the war in Ukraine to the rest of the world.
On health, the leaders agreed to coordinate pandemic
preparedness efforts and vaccine manufacturing and
distribution. The Communiqué also had sections on human
rights, the environment, labour and education.
India’s Interventions
In the session titled ‘Toward a Peaceful, Stable and
Prosperous World’, PM Mr. Modi said that such a world is
“our common objective”. He said that in today’s
interconnected world, “crises in any one region affect all
the countries. And, the developing countries, which have
limited resources, are the worst affected. In the current
global situation, these countries are facing the maximum
and most profound impact of the food, fuel, and fertiliser
crisis.” He asked why the world should be discussing the
issue of global peace and security in different fora. The
reason, he said, is that the United Nations, which was
established with the very purpose of establishing peace,
has failed to do so. He declared that the institutions created
in the last century did not represent the reality of the 21st
Century. It is hence imperative that institutions like the
UN are reformed.
In the session on ‘Working Together to Address Multiple
Crises (including Food, Health, Development, Gender)’,
PM Mr. Modi advanced several suggestions for the
consideration of the participants. He said it was necessary to
build “an inclusive food system that focuses on the world’s
most vulnerable people, especially marginal farmers. Global
fertiliser supply chains must be strengthened”. Political
obstacles should be removed, and the expansionist mindset
(read China) that is taking over fertiliser resources should be
eliminated. He suggested creating a new natural farming
model as an alternative to fertiliser use. He said: “We should
try to separate organic food from fashion statements and
commerce and connect it with nutrition and health”.
In the session on ‘Common Endeavour for a Sustainable
Planet (including Climate, Energ y, Environment)’,
PM Mr. Modi identified climate change, environmental
protection and energy security as among the biggest
challenges today. He recounted India’s steps to deal with
these threats, including Mission Life, International Solar
Alliance, Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure,
Mission Hydrogen, Biofuel Alliance, and Big Cat Alliance.
He argued for the transfer of technology and adequate
financing to developing countries to enable them to take
appropriate steps in this direction. It is also necessary to
make “the Green and Clean Technology supply chains
resilient,” Mr. Modi said.
The Quad Summit In Hiroshima
In their brief Summit in Hiroshima, the Quad leaders
addressed all the critical issues facing the Indo-Pacific. They
came out with solutions to counter the emerging threats
of submarine Internet cables, cyber-security and sea lanes
in the region. Without naming China, the Quad Summit
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
stressed that the actions taken by the Quad leaders—
Mr. Biden of the US, Mr. Modi of India, Mr. Kishida of
Japan, and Mr. Albanese of Australia—were aimed at
keeping Indo-Pacific “free from coercion” and “where no
country dominates or is dominated.”
The Quad leaders expanded the group into new
cooperation areas, including securing digital technology,
submarine cables, infrastructure capacity building and
maritime domain awareness, which are vital strategies to
minimise the threat from China. By including crucial
ASEAN countries like Indonesia and Far Pacific countries
in the Quad infrastructure programme, the four-nation
grouping is expanding itself as a democratic counter to the
Communist Party of China’s Belt & Road Initiative (BRI)
by providing technology, financial support and infra-builders
to the Indo-Pacific littoral states.
The top priorities agreed upon by the Quad leaders
included protecting submarine cables in the Indo-Pacific
from Chinese surveillance and possible intervention in the
future in case of a military emergency in Taiwan. As most
US submarine Internet cables are laid on the eastern seaboard
of Taiwan and the Philippines, a part of the first island
chain off the Chinese hinterland, any PLA intervention in
Taiwan will threaten these global communication highways.
As part of the ‘China de-risking strategy’, the Quad has
decided to join hands with the US to lay a resilient submarine
cable network around the world. A US sub-sea cable
company has already begun laying a $600 million cable to
transport data from Asia to Europe via Africa and Middle-
East in February 2023, and the 12,000-mile lone optical
fibre project named South East Asia-Middle-East-Western
Europe 6 or SeaMeWe-6 will be completed by 2025.
Creating maritime domain awareness is another area of
the Quad cooperation to ensure that freedom of navigation
prevails in the Indo-Pacific, particularly in the South China
Sea. Almost daily display of PLA muscle across the Taiwan
Strait to remind the world that Taiwan is part of China,
Russia-China joint naval exercises in the Sea of Japan,
China’s continued deployment of large military formations
against India in East Ladakh and the country sending a
significant number of surveillance vessels to the Indian
Ocean are all indicators of trouble ahead for the Quad.
Conclusion
In a repeat of the 2022 G7 Summit in Germany,
coordinated support for Ukraine was the top priority of
the 2023 G7 Hiroshima Summit. The Summit produced
notable agreements between the members on sanctions
against Russia, diplomatic support, and direct aid to Ukraine.
However, implementing the commitments made at
Hiroshima will ultimately define the success of the Summit.
Italy will assume the role of G7 President in January
2024. As one of the smaller economies in the G7, Italy has
tried to exert its influence by being an effective host in the
past. Ukraine and China promise to be the issues of
continued concern for the G7 in Italy. It is yet to unfold
how long the war in Ukraine will linger and what turn it will
take. Reconstruction of the war-torn country is already an
uphill task. In May 2023, Italy announced that it is reluctant
to renew its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with China,
signalling increasing tensions between the two countries.
Creating a mechanism to restructure developing countries’
debt, green investment projects, and advancing food security
are other likely priorities for G7 leaders in Italy.
27
 GDP Growth At 7.2%
Positively surprising most
analysts and exceeding the Union
Government’s own projection
of 7% Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) growth, the Indian
economy grew at 7.2% in the fiscal
year 2022-23, as against 9.1%
expansion in the previous fiscal of
2021-22. With these GDP growth
figures, released by the National
Statistical Office (NSO) on
May 31, 2023, India remains the
world’s fastest-growing major
economy. The unexpected
upside in the GDP numbers
resulted from a better-than-
expected performance by services,
exports and agriculture in the
January-March quarter of fiscal
2022-23. GDP growth in this
quarter was 6.1%, higher than
many median forecasts. The
second advance estimate for
2022-23 GDP, released on February 28, 2023, had assumed
a 5.1% growth in the January-March 2022-23 quarter.
The latest GDP numbers vindicate RBI Governor
Mr. Shaktikanta Das, who, on May 24, 2023, had said that
the 2022-23 GDP numbers could end up being higher than
the projected 7% figure.
Towards $5 Trillion Goal
The latest GDP growth propelled the Indian economy to
$3.3 trillion and set the stage for achieving the $5 trillion
target in the next five years. “The 2022-23 GDP growth
figures underscore the resilience of the Indian economy
amidst global challenges. This robust performance, overall
optimism and compelling macro-economic indicators,
exemplify the promising trajectory of our economy and the
tenacity of our people,” Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi
said in a tweet. The higher-than-expected GDP growth
suggests that despite headwinds and continued geopolitical
uncertainties caused by the Russia-Ukraine war, the recovery
of the Indian economy is on track.
GDP is an essential economic indicator which shows
the total value of goods and services produced in a country.
It is measured quarterly (every three months) and annually.
A positive GDP growth rate not only helps the government
frame policies but is also helpful in attracting investors in
terms of foreign direct investments (FDI). Real GDP is
used to adjust inflation or deflation. It is expressed in
dollars. In its Annual Report 2022-23, the RBI said that
the Indian economy turned out to be one of the “fastest-
growing major economies during 2022-23.” The RBI takes
data from eight sectors to calculate GDP at factor cost.
Drivers Of Growth
Gross Value Added (GVA) at basic prices grew 6.5%
in the January-March 2022-23 quarter and 7% in
FY 2022-23. After contracting for two consecutive quarters,
the manufacturing sector rebounded to grow at 4.5% in the
January-March 2022-23 quarter due to an improvement in
margins during the three months, partly because of a
28
sustained moderation in input
costs. The labour-intensive
construction sector grew in double
digits at 10.4% during the same
quarter despite aggressive interest
rate hikes by banks and higher retail
inflation. Agricultural output is
estimated to have registered a
robust growth rate of 5.5% during
the January-March 2022-23 quarter
despite unseasonal rains in March
2023, while production in the
services sector picked up
sequentially to 6.9%, led by double-
digit 14% growth in the trade, hotel,
transport, communication and
broadcast sectors. A disaggregated
analysis of the January-March
2022-23 quarter GDP numbers
shows that consumption and
investment have emerged as key
drivers of growth.
10 Transformational Changes
Meanwhile, a new report from global investment bank
and financial services firm Morgan Stanley said that ten
transformational changes that have happened in India over
the last decade are now set to propel the country towards
doubling per capita income, doubling export market share,
raising the share of manufacturing, boosting corporate
profits, and significantly improving other economic health
indicators. In its latest report, titled ‘How India has
Transformed in Less than a Decade’, the global investment
bank gave credit for this economic feat to policy changes,
such as DBTs, supply-side policy reforms, and modification
of the IBC, that led to overwhelmingly positive changes,
influencing India’s macroeconomic situation, global standing
and local share markets for the better. The ten changes
highlighted by Morgan Stanley are: (1) Supply-side Policy
Reforms, (2) Formalisation of the Economy, (3) Real Estate
(Regulation and Development) Act, (4) Digitalising Social
Transfers, (5) Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code, (6) Flexible
Inflation Targeting, (7) Focus on FDI, (8) India’s 401(k)
Moment, (9) Support for Corporate Profits, and (10) MNC
Sentiment at Multi-year High. The primary impact of these
changes is the steady rise of manufacturing and capex as
a proportion of the GDP.
Conclusion
According to its National Bureau of Statistics, China’s
economy expanded 4.5% year-on-year in the same period,
while Washington’s Commerce Department said the United
States grew by an anaemic 1.1%. China is rebounding after
the end of zero-Covid measures that battered business and
supply chains but is bedevilled by a host of other headaches.
Meanwhile, the US is battling persistently elevated inflation,
Germany is in a technical recession amid an energy crisis
triggered by the Ukraine war, and Japan expanded by just
over 0.4% in the first quarter (April-June) of 2023. In such
a scenario, India’s resilient growth could reassure the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) that its monetary tightening has not
taken a big toll on the economy.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 India’s Banking Transformation
At a time when at least four troubled banks are generating
American banks—Silicon Valley enormous profits” in the May 13,
Bank, Signature Bank, Silvergate 2023 issue of The Economist,
Capital Bank and First Republic London.
Bank—have failed within a few The report gives some credit
months, Indian banks have for this to Mr. Narendra Modi’s
become a subject of global envy. Government at the Centre. It
When India’s largest bank, the cites at least four measures taken
State Bank of India (SBI), filed by the Modi Government that
its January-March 2023 quarter have a role in improving India’s
(Q4 FY 2022-23) results, it banking sector’s health. First, the
reported an 83% jump in its stand bankruptcy reforms in 2016 have
alone profit at Rs. 116.95 billion sped up the liquidation of failing
for the quarter, led by the sharp In the backdrop of US banks' crisis, RBI Governor firms and prodded delinquent
drop in provisions on bad loans Mr. Shaktikanta Das has categorically and unequivocally stated businesses to pay up. Second,
and healthy credit growth, that Indian banking system remains stable and resilient. in 2019, as part of the seemingly
compared to Rs. 91.14 billion in endless mop-up of Indira
the Q4 FY 2021-22. The Board of the SBI declared a dividend Gandhi’s banking nationalisation half a century ago, the
of Rs. 11.30 per equity share for the financial year ended Government announced that 27 state-owned banks would
March 31, 2023. In the backdrop of US banks' crisis, become 12, with many branches closing. Third, according to
RBI Governor Mr. Shaktikanta Das, while delivering the Boston Consulting Group, state banks have also written off
KP Hormis Commemorative Lecture in Kochi on March 17, $91 billion in bad loans in the past five years—just a little less
2023, had also categorically and unequivocally said that Indian than their combined worth. Fourth, many (banks) survived
banking system remains stable and resilient. He exuded the thanks to an infusion of 2.6 trillion rupees ($31 billion) from
same confidence in Indian banking system after the 2nd meeting the state, in return for shares, over the past three years. “Such
of G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors infusions have more recently been curtailed, as banks have
(FMCBG) held under India’s Presidency on April 14, 2023. learned how to stand on their own feet,” says The Economist’s
The SBI results were sharply higher than analysts’ report.
expectations. Provisions and contingencies more than halved
to Rs. 33.16 billion amid an improvement in asset quality. The A Turnaround Story
bank’s gross non-performing assets (NPA) ratio—a key metric An analysis of the 2022-23 financial results of PSBs gives a
of asset quality—fell to 2.78%, the lowest in more glimpse into this turnaround story. PSBs’ cumulative profit
than ten years, from 3.14% in the previous quarter of crossed the Rs. 1 lakh crore mark in the FY 2022-23, with market
October-December 2022 and 3.97% a year ago during leader SBI accounting for nearly half of the total earnings.
Q4 FY 2021-22. The net NPA ratio improved to 0.67% from From posting a total net loss of Rs. 85,390 crore in 2017-18,
0.77% in Q3 FY 2022-23. It is pertinent to note that the the Public Sector Banks (PSBs) have come a long way as their
banks have cleaned up their balance sheets over the past few profit touched Rs. 1,04,649 crore in 2022-23. These 12 PSBs
years, following better credit growth, bad loan recoveries and witnessed a 57% increase in total profit compared to
write-offs. SBI’s net interest income, the difference between Rs. 66,539.98 crore earned in 2021-22.
interest earned and paid, jumped 29.5% from a year earlier to In percentage terms, Pune-based Bank of Maharashtra
Rs. 403.93 billion. Net interest margin, a vital indicator of a (BoM) had the highest net profit growth with 126% to
bank’s profitability, rose to 3.84% from 3.40%. The bank’s Rs. 2,602 crore, followed by UCO Bank with a 100% rise to
gross loans increased by nearly 16%, while deposits climbed Rs. 1,862 crore and Bank of Baroda with a 94% increase to
9.2%, mainly due to a rise in term deposits. Rs. 14,110 crore. However, in absolute terms, SBI has reported
The World’s Most Profitable an annual profit of Rs. 50,232 crore in 2022-23, showing an
increase of 59% over the FY 2021-22. Except for the Punjab
The SBI is not alone in reporting a jump in its net profit.
National Bank (PNB), other PSBs have reported impressive
Many other Indian banks have the same story. Their recent
annual earnings have been spectacular, and Public Sector Banks annual increases in their profit after tax. Delhi-headquartered
(PSUs) have led the way. In FY 2022-23, Canara Bank’s net PNB posted a 27% decline in annual net profit from
earnings jumped 87% against FY 2021-22, Union Bank of Rs. 3,457 crore in 2021-22 to Rs. 2,507 crore in the year
India’s earnings shot up 61%, and IDBI’s earnings grew 49%. ended March 2023. The PSBs which reported an annual profit
Private banks are hardly laggards. ICICI’s earnings rose by 37% of over Rs. 10,000 crore are Bank of Baroda (Rs. 14,110 crore)
in 2022-23, Kotak Mahindra’s by 28% and HDFC’s by 19%. and Canara Bank (Rs. 10,604 crore). Other lenders like
Indian banks have reported double-digit credit growth in recent Punjab and Sind Bank posted annual profit growth of 26%
months, even as the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raised interest (Rs. 1,313 crore), Central Bank of India 51% (Rs. 1,582 crore),
rates by 250 basis points since May 2022. Indian Overseas Bank 23% (Rs. 2,099 crore), Bank of India
Unsurprisingly, JPMorgan Chase, a global banking 18% (Rs. 4,023 crore), Indian Bank 34% (Rs. 5,282 crore) and
benchmark for excellence, offers a 14% return on Indian banks’ Union Bank of India 61% (Rs. 8,433 crore).
equity. On average, India’s state-owned banks generate over In the January-March 2023 quarter Q4 FY 2022-23,
11% return, and private banks almost 15%. “In a development, the PSBs’ cumulative profit increased more than 95% to
few, if any, predicted, Indian banks are among the world’s Rs. 34,483 crore. In January-March 2022 quarter, the same
most profitable,” said a report titled “Credible: India’s once was at Rs. 17,666 crore. Analysts say that higher interest income

COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 29

 and improvement in the
management of non-performing
assets or bad loans are among the
main reasons for the improved
profitability of the banks.
Doom-To-Bloom
PSBs are a collective turnaround
story from record losses to record
profits. The doom-to-bloom tale
of the public sector banking
industry can be attributed to the
initiatives and spate of reforms
undertaken by the Union
Government. The Government has
implemented a comprehensive
4R strategy: Recognising NPAs
transparently, Resolution and
recovery, Recapitalising PSBs, and Reforms in the financial
ecosystem. As part of the strategy, the Govern-ment infused
an unprecedented Rs. 3,10,997 crore to recapitalise PSBs during
the last five financial years, from 2016-17 to 2020-21. The
recapitalisation programme provided much-needed support to
the PSBs and prevented the possibility of any default on their
part. The reforms undertaken by the Government over the last
eight years addressed credit discipline, ensured responsible
lending, and improved governance. Besides, there was the
adoption of technology, amalgamation of banks, and the general
confidence of bankers was maintained.
India’s banks today are indeed in good health. According to
the RBI, India’s banking sector is sufficiently capitalised and
well-regulated. The financial and economic conditions in the
country are far superior to any other country in the world. Credit,
market and liquidity risk studies suggest that Indian banks are
generally resilient and have withstood the global downturn well.
The Indian banking industry has recently witnessed the rollout
of innovative banking models like payments and small finance
banks. In recent years, India has also focussed on increasing its
banking sector’s reach through various schemes like the Pradhan
Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana and India Post Payment Bank. Schemes
like these, coupled with significant banking sector reforms like
digital payments, neo-banking, a rise of Indian Non-Banking
Financial Companies (NBFCs) and financial technology
firms or fintech, have significantly enhanced India’s financial
inclusion and helped fuel the credit cycle in the country. The
digital payments system in India has evolved the most among
25 countries, with India’s Immediate Payment Service (IMPS)
being the only system at level five in the Faster Payments
Innovation Index (FPII). India’s Unified Payments Interface
(UPI) has also revolutionised real-time payments and strived to
increase its global reach in recent years.
Market Size
The Indian banking system consists of 12 public sector
banks, 22 private sector banks, 46 foreign banks, 56 regional
rural banks, 1,485 urban cooperative banks, and 96,000 rural
cooperative banks and cooperative credit institutions. As of
March 2022, the total number of ATMs in India reached
2,49,228, of which 47.5% were in rural and semi-urban areas.
In 2020-2022, bank assets across sectors increased. Total assets
across the banking sector, including public and private sector
banks, increased to $2.67 trillion in 2022, while total assets in
the public and private banking sectors were $1,594.51 billion
and $925.05 billion, respectively.
Between FY 2015-16 and FY 2021-22, the bank credit
increased at a CAGR of 0.62%. As of FY 2021-22, total
credit extended surged to $1,532.31 billion. Between
FY 2015-16 and FY 2021-22, deposits grew at a CAGR of
10.92% and reached $2.12 trillion. Bank deposits stood at
30
Rs. 173.70 trillion ($2.12 trillion)
as of November 4, 2022. Credit
growth is expected to hit 10%
in 2022-23, a double-digit
increase in eight years. As of
November 4, 2022, bank credit
stood at Rs. 129.26 lakh crore
($1,585.09 billion). Non-food bank
credit registered a growth of
17.6% in November 2022 as
compared to 7.1% in November
2021 on the back of robust credit
demand from the segments such
as services, industry, personal, and
agriculture and allied activities,
according to RBI’s statement on
Sectorial Deployment of Bank
Credit.
Key Initiatives
Merger and Acquisition (M&A) activity involving India’s
banking industry hit a record $171 billion in 2022. Domestic
M&A saw record activity levels in 2022 at $119.2 billion, up
156.3% from 2021. As of June 2022, the number of bank
accounts opened under the Government’s flagship financial
inclusion drive, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY),
reached 45.60 crore, and deposits in the Jan Dhan bank
accounts totalled Rs. 1.68 trillion ($21.56 billion).
National Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd. (NARCL) is
set to take over 15 non-performing loans (NPLs) worth
Rs. 50,000 crore or $6.70 billion from the banks. National
Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has recently launched
UPI Lite, providing offline UPI services for digital payments,
which can be used to make payments of up to Rs. 200. As per
NPCI, transactions made through the UPI network experienced
a remarkable 82.2% surge in FY 2022-23, reaching a total of
8,376 crore transactions. These were valued at Rs. 139 lakh
crore, representing a 65.3% increase from FY 2021-22.
As per the Union Budget 2023-24, digital banking, digital
payments, and fintech innovations have grown rapidly in the
country. The RBI has launched a pilot project to digitalise
Kisan Credit Card (KCC) lending for efficiency, higher cost
savings, and reduced turnaround time, which is expected to
transform the flow of credit in the rural economy. In October
2022, Prime Minister Mr. Modi launched 75 Digital Banking
Units (DBUs) across India to ensure that the benefits of digital
banking reach every nook and corner of the country and cover
all States and Union Territories. The Union Government also
proposed to bring all the 1,50,000 Post Offices under the
digital banking core business to enable financial inclusion.
According to the Economic Survey 2022-23, the number of
neo-banking platforms and global investments in the neo-
banking segment over the last few years has also risen
consistently. Neo-banks operate under mainstream finance’s
umbrella but empower specific services long associated with
traditional institutions such as banks, payment providers, etc.
Conclusion
Enhanced spending on infrastr ucture, speedy
implementation of projects, and continuation of reforms are
expected to provide further impetus to growth in the banking
sector. All these factors suggest that India’s banking sector
will remain promising and continue its robust growth, with
more and more fast-growing businesses turning to banks for
their credit needs. Technological advancements have brought
Mobile and Internet banking services also to the fore. The
banking sector is putting greater emphasis on providing
improved services to their clients and upgrading their
technology infrastructure to enhance customers’ overall
experience and give banks a competitive edge.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

H PM Modi Dedicates New
Parliament Building To
The Nation, ‘Sengol’ Placed
In Lok Sabha Chamber
H ISRO Successfully
Launches New Next-Gen
NavIC Satellite NVS-01
H Supreme Court Upholds
States’ Laws Allowing Bull-
Taming Sports
H Defence Ministry Bans
Import Of Another 928
Items
H MiG-29K Carries Out Its
First Night Landing On
INS Vikrant
H PM Chairs Governing
Council Meeting Of NITI
Aayog On Viksit
Bharat@2047
H Jammu & Kashmir Hosts
G20 Tourism Working
Group Meeting
H Ear ly Childhood Care
& Education Scheme
Launched
H NMC Mandates Common
National Medical Register
For All Practitioners
H Congress Returns To Power
In Karnataka, Siddaramaiah
Takes Oath As 24th CM
H Santiniketan Set To Get
UNESCO World Heritage
Site Tag
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
INDIA
Burning Topics
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi inaugurated the new Parliament building
on May 20, 2023.
PM Modi Dedicates New Parliament
Building To The Nation, ‘Sengol’
Placed In Lok Sabha Chamber
Prime Minister reflected the aspirations
Mr. Narendra Modi and dreams of
inaugurated the new 140 crore Indians.
Parliament building and “This is a temple of
dedicated it to the nation our democracy that
on May 20, 2023, in a gives a message of
ceremony that started India’s resolution to the
with a havan and was world,” he said. In the
followed by multi-faith next 25 years, the PM
prayers. With Lok Sabha emphasised, the new
Speaker Mr. Om Birla by laws to be made in this
his side, Mr. Modi new Parliament House
installed the historic would make India a
‘Sengol’, a symbol of developed nation, help
power and fair push poverty out of
governance of the Chola India and create new
reign, in the new Lok opportunities for the
Sabha chamber, next youth and women of the
to the Speaker’s chair. country. “Every brick,
“This Sengol will keep every wall, every particle
reminding us that we of this new Parliament
have to walk on the path With Lok Sabha Speaker Mr. Om House will be dedicated
of duty and remain Birla by his side, PM Mr. Narendra to the welfare of the
answerable to the Modi installed the historic ‘Sengol’ poor,” he added. The
public,” Mr. Modi said in the new Lok Sabha chamber, PM said that 60,000
on May 27, 2023, while next to the Speaker's chair. shramiks (workers)
addressing Adheenams were given employment
(priests), who handed over the sceptre to during the construction of the building,
him. The Prime Minister then inaugurated and a new gallery has been put up in the
the new Parliament building by unveiling House highlighting their contributions.
the plaques to mark the occasion. “It is the first time that the contributions
Addressing the gathering, PM of shramiks have been immortalised in
Mr. Modi said that the new building the new Parliament”, he said.
31
 As part of the ceremony, the Prime
Minister felicitated the workers
responsible for building the new
Parliament, which was completed in a
record time of less than three years
following the foundation being laid on
December 10, 2020, and construction
beginning in January 2021. The new
building will replace the existing one,
which is now almost 100 years old.
The newly-constructed building, which
will work to further enrich India’s
glorious democratic traditions and
constitutional values, is also equipped
with state-of-the-art facilities that will
help the Members perform their
functions better.
Considering the future requirements,
arrangements have been made for a
meeting of 888 members in the Lok
Sabha and 384 members in the Rajya
Sabha in the newly-constructed building
of Parliament. The joint session of both
Houses will be held in Lok Sabha
Chamber. In contrast, the old building
of the Parliament provides for the sitting
of 543 Members in the Lok Sabha and
250 in the Rajya Sabha.
The new building, adjacent to the
existing Parliament House, is designed
by Ahmedabad-based HCP Design,
Planning, and Management under the
architect Mr. Bimal Patel. The new
Parliament premises is spread across an
area of 64,500 sq.m., and the total cost
is estimated at around Rs. 900 crore.
The building is said to use modern
technology that includes biometrics for
ease of voting, digital language
interpretation and translation systems,
and programmable microphones.
ISRO Successfully
Launches New Next-Gen
NavIC Satellite NVS-01
In its fifth launch of the year, the
Indian Space Research Organisation
(ISRO) successfully launched the first
of the second-generation series
navigation satellite, NVS-01, onboard
GSLV-F12, from the second launch-pad
at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre
(SDSC SHAR) about 130 km from
Chennai, on May 30, 2023. “GSLV-F12/
NVS-01 Mission is accomplished.
After a flight of about 19 minutes, the
NVS-01 satellite was injected precisely
into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit.
Subsequent orbit-raising manoeuvres
will take NVS-01 into the intended
Geosynchronous orbit,” said ISRO. The
significant launch would guarantee that
NavIC (Navigation with Indian
Constellation) services will continue to
operate.
The 51.7-metre-tall Geosynchronous
Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV), which
32
was on its 15th flight, carried the
navigation satellite NVS-01 weighing
2,232 kg. The rocket deployed the
satellite in a Geosynchronous Transfer
Orbit (GTO) at an altitude of
approximately 251 kilometres nearly
20 minutes after the flight. The
NVS-01 carried navigation payloads L1,
L5 and S groups. In correlation with
the past one, the second-generation
satellite would likewise convey an
indigenously-created Rubidium atomic
clock developed by the Space
Applications Centre, Ahmedabad. “It is
an important technology that only a
handful of countries possess,” ISRO
said. The GSLV is a three-stage rocket
that has emerged as one of India’s most
successful launchers for deploying both
domestic and customer satellites.
ISRO on May 30, 2023 launched
navigation satellite NVS-01 onboard
GSLV-F12 from Satish Dhawan Space
Centre (SHAR).
The NVS-01 is the first satellite of
the next-generation NavIC satellite that
aims at augmenting the navigational
capabilities of the country. NavIC is an
Indian regional satellite navigation
system similar to GPS that provides
accurate and real-time navigation
in India and a region that extends
1,500 kilometres around the Indian
mainland. The positioning and timing
accuracy of NavIC signals are intended
to be better than 20 metres and
50 nanoseconds, respectively.
The system was developed looking at
the growing requirements of the Civil
Aviation sector in the country for better
positioning, navigation and timing. The
NavIC satellites are used in terrestrial,
aerial, and marine transportation,
location-based ser vices, personal
mobility, resource monitoring, surveying
and geodesy, scientific research, time
dissemination and synchronisation, and
safety-of-life alert dissemination. The
NavIC system operates in the L5 band,
a protected frequency assigned explicitly
to the Indian system. The NVS-01
incorporates L1 band signals additionally
to widen the services.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Supreme Court Upholds
States’ Laws Allowing
Bull-Taming Sports
The Supreme Court upheld the
constitutional validity of State laws
framed to allow the bull-taming sport
Jallikattu in Tamil Nadu, buffalo racing
called Kambala in Karnataka and
bullock cart race in Maharashtra saying
that there are sufficient provisions to
prevent cruelty to animals in these
ancient sports. Delivering the judgement
on May 18, 2023, a five-judge
Constitution Bench of Justices Mr. K.M.
Joseph, Mr. Ajay Rastogi, Mr. Aniruddha
Bose, Mr. Hrishikesh Roy and Mr. C.T.
Ravikumar found no flaw in the Acts
framed by Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and
Maharashtra. It said the Court’s
jurisdiction didn’t extend to giving
absolute protection to animals from any
manner of pain but to ensure that the
animals are protected from unnecessary
suffering, and these laws fulfil the
criteria.
Upholding the amendments in laws
enacted by the three States to allow
traditional animal sports, the Court
refused to accept the plea that the
amendment Acts were void because they
sought to override its 2014 judgement
in the A. Nag araja case, banning
Jallikattu and bullock-cart race for
causing cruelty to animals. It said that
such arguments could not be sustained
as the basis of that judgement
concerning the nature and manner in
which the offending activities were
carried on has been altered. “In our
opinion, the expressions Jallikattu,
Kambala and bull-cart race as
introduced by the amendment Acts of
the three States have undergone
substantial change in how they were used
in practice, and the conditions that
prevailed at the time of the A. Nagaraja
judgement cannot be equated with the
present situation,” the Court said.
The bench added: “We cannot come
to the conclusion that in the changed
circumstances, absolutely no pain or
suffering would be inflicted upon the
bulls while holding these sports. But we
are satisfied that the large part of pain-
inflicting practices... in the manner
these three sports were performed in
the pre-amendment period, have been
substantially diluted by introducing these
statutory instruments.”
It is pertinent to note that to override
the apex court’s 2014 order, the Union
Government issued a notification that
bulls might be continued to be trained
as performing animals at events such as
Jallikattu and bullock-cart races in
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Punjab,
Haryana, Kerala and Gujarat for being
part of these States’ culture, and the
three State governments after that
brought respective amendments in the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act.
“All the three bovine sports, after the
amendment, assume a different character
in their performance and practice,
and for these reasons, we do not accept
the petitioner’s argument that the
amendment Acts were merely a
piece of colourable legislation with
cosmetic change to override judicial
pronouncement,” the apex court said in
its judgement.
Defence Ministry
Bans Import Of
Another 928 Items
To promote ‘aatmanirbharta’ or self-
reliance in weaponry and defence
equipment and minimise imports by
Defence Public Sector Undertakings
(DPSUs), the Ministry of Defence
(MoD) promulgated a list of 928
strategically important spares and
components that would face curbs on
their imports. The 4th Positive
Indigenisation List (PIL), issued on
May 14, 2023, includes Rs. 715 crore
worth of high-end materials and spares,
the imports of which will be permitted
only until a specified date for each. After
each one’s import deadline elapses, it will
have to be procured from the Indian
industry. This fourth PIL list follows the
earlier PILs, which restricted the imports
of a range of Line-Replaceable Units
(LRUs), sub-systems, assemblies, spares,
and components of defence systems. The
1st PIL comprising 101 items, was
promulgated in August 2020 and the 2nd
PIL containing 108 articles, was
promulgated in May 2021. The 3rd PIL
comprising 101 items, was promulgated
in April 2022.
The MoD has also notified three
PILs regarding DPSUs, comprising
3,738 major LRUs, sub-systems,
assemblies, spares, and components, each
with an embargo on their imports from
defined timelines. Further, more than
26,000 defence items have been uploaded
on MoD’s Srijan defence portal and
offered to the industry for indigenisation.
So far, 7,031 items have been indigenised,
catering to domestic and global markets.
According to the MoD data, defence
imports have reduced from 36.7% of
capital expenditure (capex) in 2018-19 to
46% of capex until December 2022.
Some 2,500 items have already been
indigenised from the earlier lists, and
1,238 items are due to be indigenised
within three specified timelines. The
implementation of import bans is
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
expected to give impetus to economic
growth, enhance investment in defence,
and reduce DPSUs’ import dependence.
This is also likely to augment the design
capabilities of the domestic defence
industry by involving academia and
research institutions.
MiG-29K Carries Out Its
First Night Landing On
INS Vikrant
An Indian Navy MiG-29K fighter jet
landed on the indigenous aircraft carrier
INS Vikrant for the first time at night,
an important step towards the warship
becoming fully operational along with
its air wing by the end of 2023, the Navy
officials said on May 25, 2023. The
aircraft carrier is currently sailing in the
Arabian Sea. It was commissioned into
the Navy in September 2022, marking a
pivotal point in the country’s quest for
self-reliance in defence manufacturing.
Indian Navy MiG-29K fighter jet landed
on INS Vikrant for the first time at
night on May 25, 2023.
“The challenging night landing trial
demonstrates the resolve, skill and
professionalism of the Vikrant crew and
naval pilots,” Navy spokesperson
Commander Vivek Madhwal said. The
development came three months after a
MiG-29K and a prototype of the naval
version of the locally-made Light
Combat Aircraft (LCA) landed and took
off from the aircraft carrier for the first
time in February 2023. The aircraft
carrier is presently undergoing air
certification and flight integration trials
with rotary wing and fixed wing aircraft
to achieve a combat-ready state at the
earliest, Commander Madhwal added.
The ongoing flight trials on board
INS Vikrant involve the Russian-origin
MiG-29K fighter jets that use the ski-
jump to take off and are recovered by
arrestor wires or what is known as
STOBAR (Short Take-Off But Arrested
Recovery) in navy parlance. Twelve
MiG-29Ks are likely to be deployed on
INS Vikrant, and the carrier will operate
a new deck-based fighter that the navy
is looking to buy as an interim measure
to meet its requirements before the
indigenous twin-engine deck-based
fighter (TEDBF) is ready in a few years.
The first prototype of TEDBF could
make its maiden flight by 2026 and be
ready for production by 2031. The Navy’s
other aircraft carrier, INS Vikramaditya,
operates MiG-29K fighters.
PM Chairs Governing
Council Meeting Of NITI
Aayog On Viksit
Bharat@2047
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi
has advised the State Chief Ministers to
follow fiscal discipline and not burden
future generations with debt. The advice
came while he was chairing the 8th
Governing Council meeting of the NITI
Aayog, held at the new Convention
Centre in Pragati Maidan, New Delhi,
on May 27, 2023. Based on the theme of
“Viksit Bharat@2047: Role of Team
India”, the meeting was convened to
discuss the blueprint for making India a
developed nation. The meeting was
attended by Chief Ministers and
Lieutenant-Governors representing
19 States and six Union Territories. Chief
Ministers of 11 States did not participate
in the meeting. At least 8 of them, mainly
from non-BJP-ruled States, cited political
reasons for their boycott of the meeting.
The Prime Minister said that the Centre
and the States would have to work as
“Team India” to realise the objective of
a Viksit Bharat (Developed India) in 2047.
He said that NITI Aayog could play a
critical role in helping the States develop
their strategies for the next 25 years
and align them with the national
development agenda. Mr. Modi said that
NITI Aayog was taking up multiple
initiatives for strengthening cooperative
and competitive federalism, like the
Aspirational Districts Programme (ADP)
and Aspirational Blocks Programme
(ABP). Both programmes showcased the
power of working together as Centre,
States and districts and the impact of
data-driven governance in improving the
lives of ordinary citizens at the grassroots.
In addition to the “Viksit Bharat”, the
meeting discussed seven other themes:
Thrust on MSMEs; Infrastructure and
Investments; Minimising Compliances;
Women Empowerment; Health and
Nutrition; Skill Development; and Gati
Shakti for area development and social
infrastructure. The CMs and L-Gs
gave various policy suggestions and
took up issues requiring Centre-State
cooperation. Some key suggestions and
best practices they highlighted were
related to adopting green strategies, the
need for zone-wise planning, tourism,
urban planning, agriculture, quality of
workmanship and logistics.
33

Jammu & Kashmir Hosts
G20 Tourism Working
Group Meeting
The third Tourism Working Group
(TWG) meeting of the G20 under India’s
Presidency concluded in Srinagar,
Jammu & Kashmir, on May 24, 2023,
with the Union Government hoping that
the Union Territory will soon find a place
among the Top 50 destinations in the
world and the travel bucket list of global
travellers. As around 60 foreign delegates
experienced the alluring beauty of
different locales in Srinagar, including
the 12-terraced Nishant Garden on the
banks of the quaint Dal Lake, and held a
Yoga session against the backdrop of
the Zabarwan mountain range, G20
Sherpa Mr. Amitabh Kant said that the
delegates were equally impressed by the
scenic beauty of the place, traditional
Kashmiri attire, and Kashmir’s tourism
potential.
G20 delegates enjoy Shikara ride in Dal
Lake in Srinagar during the G20
Tourism Working Group meeting in the
UT of Jammu and Kashmir that
concluded on May 24, 2023.
Srinagar was decked up in the G20
colours for the meeting. Multi-tier
security arrangements were made for the
international event. The draft for a
National Strategy on Film Tourism was
unveiled at a session on the sidelines of
the G20 meeting in Srinagar. There was
also a side event on ecotourism and a
panel discussion focused on green
tourism, digitalisation, skills, MSMEs,
and destination management.
The G20 TWG meeting was one of
the most significant international events
34
held in J&K since the nullification of
Article 370, which stripped the region
of its semi-autonomous status in August
2019. It was seen as a reiteration, on the
global stage, of the region being India’s
integral part. Delegates from G20
members, including Argentina, Australia,
Brazil, Canada, France, Germany,
Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea,
Mexico, Russia, South Africa, the UK,
the US, and the European Union,
attended the events on the banks of Dal
Lake. Some countries, such as Indonesia
and Saudi Arabia, were represented by
officials from their embassies in New
Delhi. China skipped the meeting.
India, which assumed the G20
Presidency in December 2022, organised
G20-related events in J&K and
Arunachal Pradesh to showcase
normalcy and development in these
areas and to negate territorial claims by
other countries. Pakistan has objected
to the holding of such meetings in
Kashmir. It was one of the reasons
behind China’s decision to boycott the
event in Srinagar. It also stayed away
from a G20 event in Arunachal Pradesh
as Beijing claims the Indian State as part
of its southern Tibet.
Early Childhood Care &
Education Scheme
Launched
The Union Government launched the
Early Childhood Care and Education
(ECCE) scheme for children aged 3 to
6 years enrolled in Anganwadi centres.
It announced that the training
programme would gradually cover
around 13.3 lakh Anganwadi workers
across the States. The scheme has been
launched under the banner of “Poshan
Bhi Padhai Bhi” in line with the National
Education Policy (NEP) 2020 that
emphasises early childhood care and
foundational learning while highlighting
that over 85% of a child’s cumulative
brain development occurs before the age
of 6. Launching the programme on
May 10, 2023, Union Women & Child
Development Minister Ms. Smriti Irani
said that the Ministry constituted an
ECCE Task Force that has already
recommended training the Anganwadi
workers in this regard.
“Its recommendations included
capacity-building through a 3-day
in-person training, follow-up refresher
training, fresh Teaching Learning
Material (TLM) including activity books
and toys, and a workshop on usage and
creation of toys,” Ms. Irani said. The
idea is to make Anganwadi centres a
space for preschool learning and holistic
development or education-imparting
centres with a particular focus on
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
children aged 3 to 6 years to make them
school-ready for Class 1 and not just
limit them to centres for nutrition. The
country has around 14 lakh Anganwadi
centres catering to 10,02,60,464
beneficiaries. Rs. 600 crore are being
proposed to be allocated for the training
process under Poshan Bhi Padhai Bhi.
Around eight crore beneficiaries
under the age of 6 in Anganwadis are
availing of supplementary nutrition and
ECCE facilities. The audio-visual and
learning materials prepared under the
modules have been tested in around
seven States. All States will follow
the national ECCE Task Force
recommendations for a play-based,
activity-based learning pedagog y
targeted mainly at developmental
milestones of 0-3 and 3-6 years old,
including those with disabilities.
NMC Mandates Common
National Medical Register
For All Practitioners
All registered medical practitioners
across the country will now be covered
under a common National Medical
Register (NMR), with each of them to
be allotted a Unique Identification
Number (UIN), as per a gazette
notification issued on May 12, 2023, by
the National Medical Commission
(NMC), titled “Registration of Medical
Practitioners and Licence to Practice
Medicine Regulations, 2023”. The NMR
will contain all the entries of the
registered medical practitioners of all
State registers maintained by the various
State Medical Councils (SMCs). It will
be made public on the official NMC
website. It will contain relevant
information about a medical practitioner,
including registration number, name,
father’s name, date of registration, place
of working (name of hospital/institute),
medical qualification including additional
medical qualification, speciality, year of
passing, university and the name of the
institute/university where the
qualification was obtained.
The notification also makes passing
the National Exit Test (NEXT)
compulsory for both Indian and foreign
medical graduates for the purpose of
registration with the National Medical
Register. The notification lays down the
renewal process, clearly noting that a
licence to practise is valid only for five
years, after which all doctors must apply
for renewal to the SMCs. The NMC has
also laid down the registration process
of additional qualifications, renewal of
the licence to practise medicine, transfer
of the licence to practise, removal and
restoration of registration, transitory
provisions, and denial of a licence to
practise, among others.
(Continued on page 184)
 The World
★ India Unveils 12-Point
‘Call To Action’ At FIPIC
In Papua New Guinea
★ US House Passes Bill To
Avert Debt Default
★ Turkiye's President
Erdogan Re-elected In
Presidential Polls
★ Iran And Pakistan
Launch Their First Border
Market
★ G7 Summit In Hiroshima
Sends Message Of
World Without Nuclear
Weapons
★ California State Senate
Passes Bill To Ban Caste
Discrimination
★ UK Prime Minister
Clinches A New
Hiroshima Accord With
Japan
★ Thailand Voters Deliver
Stunning Blow To Army-
Backed Rule
★ Bangladesh Hosts 6th
Indian Ocean Conference
★ UK Crowns King Charles
III In Coronation Ceremony
★ Taliban Agrees With
China And Pakistan
To Extend BRI In
Afghanistan
★ China Unveils Grand
Development Plan For
Central Asia
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Burning Topics
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi with leaders of the Forum for India-Pacific Islands
Cooperation in Port Moresby on May 22, 2023.
India Unveils 12-Point ‘Call To Action’
At FIPIC In Papua New Guinea
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi
unveiled a 12-point ‘Call to Action’ for
the Pacific Island Nations at the 3rd
Summit of Forum for India-Pacific
Islands Cooperation (FIPIC) at Port
Moresby, the capital of Papua New
Guinea (PNG), on May 22, 2023.
Highlighting the importance of the
14 members of FIPIC, Mr. Modi said,
“For me, you are not small island states,
but large ocean countries. It is this vast
ocean that connects India with all of
you.” Mr. Modi underlined the
importance of a free and open Indo-
Pacific for the Pacific Island nations,
emphasising the need for multilateralism
and respecting the sovereignty and
integrity of all countries.
Making an emotional speech that
distinguished the approach followed
by India and, without naming China,
Mr. Modi said, “Those whom we
considered trustworthy, it turned out
that they were not standing by our side
in times of need.” He added, “I am
glad that India stood with its Pacific
Island friends during these challenging
times, whether it was vaccines or
essential medicines, wheat or sugar. In
line with its capabilities, India has been
assisting all partner countries.” PNG PM
Mr. James Marape responded by calling
the Pacific Island Nations victims of
global power play. “You (PM Mr. Modi)
are the leader of Global South. We will
rally behind your (India) leadership at
global forums,” he said.
Prime Minister Mr. Modi’s 12-point
action plan comprises (1) a 100-bed
regional super specialty hospital in Fiji;
(2) Regional IT and cyber security
training hub in PNG; (3) 100 SAGAR
Amrut Scholarships over five years;
(4) Jaipur foot camp in PNG by 2023
end; (5) FIPIC SME development
project; (6) Solar projects for
government buildings; (7) Desalination
units for drinking water; (8) Sea
ambulances for PIC; (9) Dialysis units;
(10) Emergency helpline number;
(11) Jan Aushadhi Kendras; and
(12) Yoga centres.
India’s engagement with the 14 Pacific
Island Countries (PICs) is part of New
Delhi’s Act East Policy. FIPIC was
launched during PM Mr. Modi’s Fiji visit
in November 2014. The FIPIC member
countries are the Cook Islands, Fiji,
35
Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia,
Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu,
and Vanuatu. All of them are located in
the Pacific Ocean, northeast of
Australia. During his visit to Fiji, PM
Mr. Modi had hosted the first FIPIC
Summit in Suva on November 19, 2014,
while the second FIPIC Summit was
held in Jaipur on August 21, 2015. A
significant part of India’s engagement
with PICs is through development
assistance under South-South
Cooperation, mainly in capacity building
and community development projects.
US House Passes Bill To
Avert Debt Default
A rare coalition of centrist Democrats
and Republicans came together in
the United States (US) House of
Representatives on May 31, 2023, to pass
the Fiscal Responsibility Act 2023,
legislation that suspends the debt ceiling
limit for two years in exchange for
spending cuts in the federal budget,
eliminating the threat of a disastrous
credit default just four days ahead of
the deadline set by the Treasury.
Hammered out between Democratic
President Mr. Joe Biden and the
Republicans, the measure passed the
Senate with a comfortable majority of
63 votes to 36 a day after it had sailed
through the House of Representatives.
It is pertinent to note that the USA
spends more money than it collects
through taxation, so it borrows money
by issuing government bonds, seen as
among the world’s most reliable
investments. Around 80 years ago,
lawmakers introduced a limit on how
much federal debt could be accrued. The
ceiling has been raised more than 100
times since to allow the government to
meet its spending commitments and
stands at around $31.5 trillion.
Turkiye's President
Erdogan Re-elected In
Presidential Polls
Turkiye President Mr. Recep Tayyip
Erdogan extended his two decades in
power as he emerged victorious in the
closely-contested presidential election on
May 28, 2023. Official results showed
that Mr. Erdogan got 52.1% votes while
his challenger Mr. Kemal Kilicdaroglu
secured 47.9% of the votes, pointing to a
deeply divided nation. The final runoff
saw a turnout of about 84%. Both
candidates have retained their earlier
support base, but Mr. Erdogan romped
home with a larger number of votes—
36
27.7 million votes versus 25.4 million votes
for Mr. Kilicdaroglu. The Opposition had
united to capitalise on people's resentment
over Turkiye's economic downturn and
managed to deny him a first-round victory
on May 14, 2023.
Turkiye’s President Mr. Recep Tayyip
Erdogan emerged victorious in the
presidential election on May 28, 2023.
The election had been seen as
Mr. Erdogan's biggest political challenge,
with the opposition confident of
unseating him and reversing his policies
after polls showed a cost-of-living crisis
left him vulnerable. Instead, victory
reinforced his image of invincibility after
he had already redrawn domestic,
economic, security and foreign policy in
the NATO member country of 85
million people. Later, addressing his
supporters, Mr. Erdog an declared
democracy the winner.
The economy will be Mr. Erdogan's
primary concern. Many critics have
blamed the President for the country's
difficult situation—inflation at 44%,
currency depreciation of 80% since
2018, and negative foreign exchange
reserves of $151 million just before the
May 28, 2023 election.
Iran And Pakistan
Launch Their First
Border Market
To boost cross-border trade, Pakistan’s
Prime Minister Mr. Shehbaz Sharif and
Iran’s President Mr. Ebrahim Raisi
inaugurated the first border market at
the Mand-Pashin crossing point of the
Pakistan-Iran border on May 18, 2023.
The top leaders also launched an
electricity transmission line, which will
provide some of Pakistan’s remote
regions with Iranian-generated electricity.
A statement by the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs of Pakistan said, “The joint
inauguration is a manifestation of the
strong commitment of Pakistan and Iran
to uplift the welfare of residents of the
neighbouring provinces of Balochistan
and Sistan-va-Baluchestan, respectively.
It also serves as a significant stride
forward in the bilateral relationship
between the two countries.”
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
The newly inaugurated Mand-Pishin
Border Sustenance Marketplace is one of
the six border markets to be constructed
along the Pakistan-Iran border. These
facilities would enhance cross-border
trade, foster economic growth and open
new avenues of opportunity for local
businesses. The border market is located
at Mand town in Pakistan’s Balochistan
province and adjacent to Pishin city in
Iran’s Sistan-va-Baluchestan province on
10 acres of land. Trade through the
Mand-Pishin border has a long history.
Mand is a hub of small-scale business
owners across Balochistan, especially
those connected with the food and
beverage businesses in the Kech and
Gwadar districts. The Mand town has
several large storage houses, where goods
such as food and beverage commodities
are imported, stored and then distributed
across Balochistan and other provinces
of Pakistan.
The inauguration of the two projects
came at a time when the political
landscape of the West Asia region was
changing, especially after the China-
brokered re-establishment of diplomatic
relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran
in March 2023. With ties between
Riyadh and Tehran improving, the latest
development is an attempt by Islamabad,
a close ally of Riyadh and Tehran, to
solidify their bond further to tackle their
ongoing economic crises and improve
border security.
G7 Summit In Hiroshima
Sends Message Of
World Without Nuclear
Weapons
The annual Group of Seven (G7)
Summit concluded in the historic city
of Hiroshima in Japan with the release
of the G7 Hiroshima Leaders’
Communique on May 21, 2023. The
Summit saw leaders of the United States,
United Kingdom, Canada, France,
Germany, Italy and Japan, along
with representatives from the European
Union and other invited guests,
discussing a range of pressing global
challenges. Geopolitics dominated the
Summit as the most prominent
participant was Ukrainian President
Mr. Volodymyr Zelensky. Reaffirmation
of support for Ukraine was not only
the first item in the communique but
also the subject of a separate statement
by the G7 leaders.
Mr. Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister
of Japan and the 2023 G7 President,
hosted the Summit in Hiroshima, a city
that was devastated by the world’s first
atomic bomb attack on August 6, 1945,
to highlight the horrors of nuclear war
and promote his vision of a world
without nuclear weapons. The G7
leaders visited the Hiroshima Peace
Memorial, which contains a graphic
description of the devastation wrought
by the atomic attack, and signed the
guest book for visitors.
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi with
US President Mr. Joe Biden at
Hiroshima G7 Summit which concluded
on May 21, 2023.
Speaking at the Working Group 9
of the G7 Summit, Prime Minister
Mr. Narendra Modi, who attended the
Summit at the invitation of his Japanese
counterpart Mr. Kishida, said that unrest
in any part of the world affects all
countries of the global community and
reiterated India’s commitment to do
“everything” to bring an end to the war
in Ukraine, while underscoring that all
countries should “respect” the
sovereignty and territorial integrity of
the member states of the United Nations.
Addressing the Summit, Mr. Modi
proposed a 10-point ‘call to action’ to
solve issues related to food and health
security. Championing the cause of the
Global South, he called for democratising
technology. He said development models
should pave the way for growth and not
act as a hindrance to the progress of
developing countries.
At Hiroshima Summit, G7 leaders
agreed to tighten their sanctions against
Russia to limit its ability to continue its
war against Ukraine. The restrictions will
cover exports of industrial machinery,
tools and technology which could be
helpful to Russia’s war effort, and there
will also be attempts to limit Russian
revenues from trade in metals and
diamonds. In another significant
announcement, the G7 countries said
they want to de-risk their relationship
with China—but not decouple from it—
to ensure economic resilience and
security. This means diversifying supply
chains to avoid dependence on one
country, particularly for critical products
such as microchips and minerals used
in clean-energy technologies.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
They also ag reed to set up a
Coordination Platform on Economic
Coercion to counter attempts to
“weaponise” trading and economic
dependencies in “critical and emerging
technologies such as micro-electronics”.
For clean energ y technologies, the
communique says that the Group
supports initiatives such as the
International Energy Agency’s Voluntary
Critical Mineral Security Programme,
where members could jointly stockpile
and share these materials.
California State Senate
Passes Bill To Ban
Caste Discrimination
The California Senate overwhelmingly
passed legislation seeking to explicitly
ban caste discrimination. It was a historic
move that would make America’s most
populous State the country’s first
to outlaw caste-based bias. The Bill,
SB 403, introduced by State Senator
Ms. Aisha Wahab, the first Muslim and
Afghan American elected to the state
legislator, was passed by a 34-1 vote on
May 11, 2023. The move makes
California the first US State to add caste
as a protected category in its anti-
discrimination law. Promoters of the
Bill, led by the non-profit organisation
Equality Lab, said that a similar Bill is
being introduced in the State House of
Representatives before it can be sent to
the Governor to be signed into law.
The Bill adds caste as a protected
category to an existing law, the Unruh
Civil Rights Act, which provides that all
people in California are entitled to full
and equal accommodations, advantages,
facilities, privileges, or services in all
business establishments. The Bill
provides explicit protection to those who
have been systematically harmed due to
caste bias and prejudice. It also provides
for firm legal consequences for those
seeking to avoid responsibility or
ramifications for per mitting or
participating in caste discrimination and
caste-based violence.
In February 2023, Seattle became the
first city in the USA to pass legislation
banning caste-based discrimination. In
2022, all California State Universities, the
most extensive public university system
in the United States with nearly two
dozen universities under its umbrella,
added caste to its anti-discrimination
policy in a landmark move allowing
students to report anti-Dalit bias on
campuses. All this was started in 2018
with a report by the Equality Lab, which
said that in the United States, 25% of
Dalits surveyed faced verbal or physical
assault based on their caste, one in
three Dalit students reported being
discriminated against during their
education, two out of three Dalits
reported being treated unfairly in the
workplace, 60% Dalits faced derogatory
caste-based jokes, 40% Dalits and 14%
Shudras were made to feel unwelcome
in places of worship, and 20% Dalits
felt discriminated against at a place of
business.
UK Prime Minister
Clinches A New
Hiroshima Accord
With Japan
On the sidelines of the G7 Summit
in the Japanese city of Hiroshima,
British Prime Minister Mr. Rishi Sunak
clinched a new so-called “Hiroshima
Accord” for g reater UK-Japan
economic, security and technology
collaboration on May 18, 2023. This new
UK-Japan global strategic partnership is
seen as a counterbalance to Chinese
dominance in the region. Also, it
includes a Semiconductors Partnership
to pursue “ambitious” R&D cooperation
and skills exchange to bolster supply
chain resilience in the critical sector.
UK Prime Minister Mr. Rishi Sunak
and his Japanese counterpart Mr. Fumio
Kishida signed ‘ Hiroshima Accord ’ at
Hiroshima on May 18, 2023.
“Prime Minister (Fumio) Kishida and
I are closely aligned on the importance
of protecting peace and security in the
Indo-Pacific and defending our values,
including free and fair trade. The
Hiroshima Accord will see us step up
cooperation between our armed forces,
grow our economies together and
develop our world-leading science and
technology expertise. It marks an
exciting next phase in the UK
and Japan’s flourishing partnership,”
Mr. Sunak said.
Downing Street said that Japan’s
“pivotal role” in the Indo-Pacific makes
strong relations with the nation central
37
to the UK’s security and prosperity. The
Hiroshima Accord covered agreements
on defence, trade and investment,
science and technology collaboration,
and joint work for tackling global issues
like climate change. In Tokyo, Mr. Sunak
visited a naval base to confirm new
UK-Japan defence cooperation, which
includes doubling UK troop numbers
in upcoming joint exercises and agreeing
on a formal Consult Clause, whereby
the UK and Japan commit to consult
each other on important regional and
global security issues and consider
measures in response. Meanwhile,
leading Japanese businesses committed
to investing almost £18 billion in
businesses and projects across the UK.
The UK also confirmed that its Carrier
Strike Group (CSG) warship will return
to the Indo-Pacific in 2025, following a
maiden voyage to the region, including
India, in 2021. “The CSG fleet, consisting
of an aircraft carrier, escorts and aircraft,
to be deployed in 2025, will work alongside
the Japanese Self-Defence Forces and
other regional partners to help defend
peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific”,
Downing Street said.
Thailand Voters Deliver
Stunning Blow To
Army-Backed Rule
Thailand’s reformist opposition won
the most seats and the largest share of the
popular vote in a general election which
saw voters roundly reject the military-
backed parties that have ruled the
Southeast Asian country for nearly a
decade. With all votes counted on
May 14, 2023, the progressive Move
Forward Party (MFP) and the
populist Pheu Thai Party (PTP) won
293 seats in the 500-member House of
Representatives. Together with several
smaller parties in what they call the Pro-
Democracy Front (PDF), they have
310 seats.
Analysts called the results a political
earthquake representing a significant
shift in public opinion. The biggest
winner of the election was MFP. The
progressive youth-led party contested the
general election for the first time on a
bold platfor m of reforming the
monarchy and reducing the power of
the military by rewriting the country’s
Constitution and ending conscription.
“People have had enough in the last
decade. Now, it’s a new day,” said MFP’s
42-year-old leader Mr. Pita Limjaroenrat.
The Pheu Thai Party, linked to the
billionaire Shinawatra family, which was
considered the front-runner, emerged as
the second-largest party after MFP.
Bhumjaithai Party stood third with 70
seats, while the Palang Pracharat, part of
38
the current ruling coalition, won 40 seats.
Meanwhile, the royalist-military parties
took a thrashing. The results were a clear
repudiation of the two military-aligned
parties, including the United Thai Nation
Party of Prime Minister Mr. Prayuth
Chan-ocha, who seized power as army
chief in a coup in 2014. The ruling
coalition won only 15% of the seats.
However, the MFP and Pheu Thai
Party still need the support of smaller
parties to establish a new administration.
To elect a Prime Minister, any coalition
would need 376 votes because of
skewed parliamentary rules that allow
250 members of a military-appointed
Senate to vote on the Prime Minister,
along with the 500-seat elected House
of Representatives. There is no
constitutional deadline for the formation
of a government, so if no winning
coalition emerges, Thailand could be
looking at months without a working
government.
Bangladesh Hosts 6th
Indian Ocean Conference
Bangladesh Prime Minister Ms. Sheikh
Hasina inaugurated the two-day Indian
Ocean Conference (IOC) in Dhaka on
May 12, 2023, aimed at strengthening
cooperation among the countries of the
region. The sixth edition of the
Conference was organised by India
Foundation in association with the
Bangladesh Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
With the theme of ‘Peace, Prosperity
and Partnership: For A Resilient Future’,
the Conference brought together
government officials, diplomats and
External Affairs Minister Mr. S.
Jaishankar addresses the Indian Ocean
Conference in Dhaka on May 12, 2023.
think tanks from almost 25 countries,
notably littoral and island ones from the
Indian Ocean region, to explore ways
to bolster regional collaboration.
Bangladesh is the current chair of the
Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORM).
Addressing the Conference, India’s
External Affairs Minister Mr. S.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Jaishankar spoke ag ainst nations
violating “long-standing agreements”
and “opaque” lending practices in the
Indo-Pacific without naming China.
“When nations disregard their legal
obligations or violate long-standing
agreements, as we have seen, the damage
to trust and confidence is immense,”
said the Indian External Affairs Minister.
He emphasised that a stable international
order relies on three principles—
adhering to the law, observing norms
and respecting rules.
Bangladesh PM Ms. Hasina put
forward six areas of focus for the region:
(i) Maritime diplomacy; (ii) Climate
vulnerability; (iii) Mutual respect;
(iv) Maritime security and safety;
(v) Culture of peace and people-centric
development; and (vi) Upholding a
transparent, open and rules-based
system. Delegates from countries
including Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka,
Somalia, Maldives, Oman, Australia and
others discussed the changing world
order, maritime security and climate
change, among other issues, at the
Conference. Unlike in the past, no
participants or speakers from China took
part in the 2023 Conference.
The IOC was started in 2016, and in
the last six years, it has emerged as the
“Flagship Consultative Forum” for
countries in the Indian Ocean region
on regional affairs. The Conference
endeavours to bring the region’s critical
states and principal maritime partners
together on a common platform to
deliberate upon the prospects of
regional cooperation for Security and
Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR).
UK Crowns King
Charles III In
Coronation Ceremony
King Charles III and his wife,
Ms. Camilla, were coronated as the King
and the Queen of the UK and the other
Commonwealth realms in a solemn
religious ceremony at Westminster
Abbey, an Anglican church in the City
of Westminster, London, on May 6,
2023. King Charles III and Queen
Camilla’s coronation was the first of a
British monarch in the 21st century and
the 40th coronation to be held at
Westminster Abbey since the coronation
of William the Conqueror in 1066. At
74, King Charles III is the oldest royal
to ascend the British throne. Charles III
acceded to the throne on September 8,
2022, upon the death of his mother,
Elizabeth II.
King Charles III and Queen Camilla’s
coronation service was altered from past
British coronations to represent multiple
faiths, cultures and communities. The
ceremony was structured around an
Anglican service of Holy Communion.
It included Charles III being anointed
with holy oil, receiving the coronation
regalia and being crowned, emphasising
his spiritual role and secular
responsibilities. The Archbishop of
Canterbury conducted the service.
Charles III took the coronation oath, in
which he swore to govern each of his
countries according to their respective
laws and customs, to administer law and
justice with mercy, and to uphold
Protestantism in the United Kingdom
and protect the Church of England.
King Charles III and his wife
Ms. Camilla were crowned as the King
and the Queen of UK on May 6, 2023.
Mr. Rishi Sunak made history as the
first Indian-origin British Prime Minister
to perform a reading at the Coronation
ceremony. As the country’s first Hindu
Head of Government, the 42-year-old
read from the Epistle to the Colossians
from the New Testament, reflecting the
theme of service to others, keeping with
the recent tradition of UK Prime
Ministers giving readings at State
occasions. He and his wife, Mrs. Akshata
Murthy, led the procession of flag-
bearers as the UK’s Union Jack flag was
carried into the Abbey by a high-ranking
Royal Air Force (RAF) cadet. Vice-
President Mr. Jagdeep Dhankhar and his
wife Dr. Sudesh Dhankhar represented
India on the historic occasion and sat
alongside other Commonwealth Heads
of State.
The Commonwealth realm is a
sovereign state with Charles III as its
monarch and Head of State, a non-
constitutional role. As of 2023, there
are 15 Commonwealth realms: Antigua
and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas,
Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New
Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands,
Tuvalu, and the United Kingdom.
All are members of the Commonwealth
of Nations an interg overnmental
organisation of 56 independent member
states, 52 of which were formerly part
of the British Empire.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Taliban Agrees With China
And Pakistan To Extend
BRI In Afghanistan
The Taliban agreed with China and
Pakistan to extend the Belt and Road
Initiative (BRI) to Afghanistan,
potentially drawing in billions of dollars
to fund infrastructure projects in the
sanctions-hit country. Chinese Foreign
Minister Mr. Qin Gang and his Pakistani
counterpart Mr. Bilawal Bhutto
Zardari met in Islamabad on May 6,
2023, and pledged to work together on
Afghanistan’s reconstruction process,
including taking the $60 billion China-
Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) to
the Taliban-ruled nation. The meeting
was attended by the Taliban’s top
diplomat, Mr. Amir Khan Muttaqi. “The
two sides agreed to continue their
humanitarian and economic assistance
for the Afghan people and enhance
development cooperation in Afghanistan,
including through extension of CPEC
to Afghanistan,” said a joint statement
issued by Pakistan’s Foreign Ministry
following the meeting.
The Chinese and Pakistani Ministers
also stressed the need to unfreeze
Afghanistan’s overseas financial assets.
The Taliban has been blocked from
accessing about $9 billion of
Afghanistan’s central bank reserves held
overseas on concerns that the funds will
be used for terror activities. Initially,
Washington agreed to release half of
the funds to bolster the economy but
later put it on hold after the Taliban
imposed certain school and work
restrictions on Afghan women in 2022.
Chinese Foreign Minister Mr. Qin Gang,
his Pakistan counterpart Mr. Bilawal
Bhutto Zardari and Taliban's top
diplomat Mr. Amir Khan Muttaqi during
a meeting in Islamabad on May 6, 2023.
The Taliban has also harboured hopes
for China to boost investments in the
country’s rich resources, estimated to be
$1 trillion. The government had inked its
first contract in January 2023 with a
subsidiary of China National Petroleum
Corporation to extract oil from the
northern Amu Darya basin. However,
Chinese businesses have been wary of
investing in Afghanistan due to attacks
by the Islamic State group, which is
competing with the Taliban for influence.
The terrorists-turned-administrators see
investments as a way to fix a cash-strapped
economy after international aid,
accounting for 60% of public spending,
was halted following the chaotic
withdrawal of US troops in 2021.
China Unveils Grand
Development Plan For
Central Asia
China’s President Mr. Xi Jinping hosted
his first-ever Summit with the leaders of
five Central Asian nations in the historic
city of Xian that once marked the start
of the fabled Silk Road, underlining
Beijing’s growing influence in a region
Russia has long considered its backyard.
The two-day event on May 17-18, 2023,
brought tog ether the leaders of
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, whose
countries are crucial to China’s trillion-
dollar Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). At
the Summit, Mr. Xi unveiled an ambitious
plan to help elevate Central Asia to the
next level of its development—from
building infrastructure networks to
boosting trade—while shunning “external
interference”.
Mr. Xi announced that China was
committed to upgrading bilateral
investment agreements with the Central
Asian countries and raising cross-border
freight volume in the region. He said that
Beijing would encourage Chinese-funded
businesses in Central Asia to create more
local jobs, build overseas warehouses, and
launch a special train service to promote
cultural tourism in Central Asia. He added
that the building of Line D of the China-
Central Asia natural gas pipeline should
be accelerated. He also called for
increasing the oil and gas trade,
developing energy cooperation across
industrial chains, and boosting
collaboration in new energy and the
peaceful use of nuclear energy in the
region. China supports the construction
of a cross-Caspian Sea international
transport corridor and will strengthen
the construction of transportation hubs
for China-Europe freight train services.
The two-way trade between China and
Central Asia hit a record $70 billion in
2022, with Kazakhstan leading with $31
billion, as China sought deeper
economic links in its quest for greater
food and energy security. While the
Summit coincided with the high-profile
G7 Summit in Japan’s Hiroshima,
analysts said the significance of the
China-Central Asia Summit was that it
underlined the shifting patterns of
influence in former Soviet states where
Russia has long been influential.
39

GST Revenue Collections Cross Rs. 1.5
Lakh Cr For 5th Time In May 2023
Gross Goods & Services Tax (GST) collections grew in May
2023 to touch Rs. 1,57,090 crore. Sequentially, the May 2023
revenues were the lowest in three months and 16% below the
record Rs. 1,87,035 crore collected in April 2023. This was the
14th successive month that GST revenues exceeded Rs. 1.4 lakh
crore, and the fifth occasion that they surpassed the Rs. 1.5-lakh
crore mark. The 12% growth in revenues from goods imports
marks a turnaround from a three-month streak of slowing
growth capped by a 4.5% contraction in April 2023 and indicates
a recovery in discretionary domestic demand. “The total revenue
of the Centre and the States in May 2023 after the regular
settlement is Rs. 63,780 crore for Central GST (CGST) and
Rs. 65,597 crore for the State GST (SGST),” the Finance
Ministry said in a statement on June 1, 2023.
14 Nations Clinch Deal To Boost
Supply Chain, Counter China
In a breakthrough for the bloc formed to reduce
dependence on China, 14 countries, including the US, India,
Australia, Japan, Indonesia and Malaysia, announced a
“substantial conclusion of negotiations” on supply chain
agreement under the Indo-Pacific Economic Partnership
(IPEF). “IPEF partners will undertake the necessary steps,
40
including further domestic consultations and a legal review,
to prepare a final text of the proposed agreement. Once
finalised, the proposed agreement will be subject to IPEF
partners’ domestic processes for signature, followed by
ratification, acceptance, or approval,” a summary of talks after
a meeting in Detroit, Michigan, USA, on May 28, 2023, said,
indicating that the deal is as good as done.
Union Minister of Commerce & Industry Mr. Piyush Goyal,
who participated in the meeting, sought quick implementation
“of all the action-oriented cooperative and collaborative
elements identified” in the agreement, a statement providing
a broad outline of the deal said.
The proposed supply chain agreement aims to ensure that
the countries, part of IPEF, cooperate in dealing with situations
such as shortage of raw material to manufacture vaccines or
medicines, as was the case during Covid, “including unnecessary
restrictions and impediments to trade”. Besides, countries can
come together to work out solutions to tackle disruptions in
semiconductor supply or shipping lines through an emergency
communications network between the IPEF partners. A crisis
response network is also being put in place, along with a
mechanism to map the suppliers and skilled workforce, in
addition to helping countries mobilise investments. A crucial
element will be labour rights in the supply chain, which may
raise some tensions in the coming years, although the details
of the proposed agreement have yet to be made public.
The first deal was done just a year after leaders launched
the initiative in Tokyo, with negotiations starting in the second
half of 2022. The group is negotiating agreements regarding
a clean economy, a fair economy, and trade. The IPEF initiative
is seen as the US government’s alliance with key Asian nations,
some of which have had close links with China in the past
but have now estranged relations.
FDI Inflows Fall 16% In FY 2022-23,
First Dip In Decade
Gross Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows to India
declined for the first time in a decade in the Financial Year
2022-23 to $71 billion, primarily due to a slowdown in the
global economy. The data released by the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) in its monthly bulletin on May 23, 2023, shows
that gross inward FDI flows stood at $71 billion in 2022-23,
registering a decline of 16.3% on a year-on-year basis.
The net FDI declined to $28 billion in 2022-23 compared
to $38.6 billion in 2021-22, mainly due to moderation in
g ross FDI inflows and an increase in repatriation.
Manufacturing, computer services and communication services
recorded the “highest decline” in FDI inflows in 2022-23
compared to 2021-22. The data shows that the major
contributors to the fall in inflows during the period under
review were the US, Switzerland and Mauritius.
Massive investments in capital-intensive chip FDI projects
are underway, in line with the Government of India’s efforts
to develop the industry. The RBI data, quoting ‘fDi
Intelligence’, said India was the second largest recipient of
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
FDI ($26.2 billion) in the semiconductor industry for 2022,
second only to the US ($33.8 billion). Also, Foreign
Portfolio Investors (FPIs) turned net purchasers in domestic
financial markets in April 2023, primarily in the equity segment
($1.9 billion), which was supplemented by an inflow in the
debt segment ($0.2 billion).
RBI Declares Rs. 87,416 Crore
Dividend, Nearly Triple From 2021-22
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) declared Rs. 87,416-
crore dividend payout to the Central Government for
2022-23, nearly triple what it paid in the previous year. The
dividend payout was Rs. 30,307 crore for the accounting year
2021-22. The decision was taken at the 602nd meeting of the
Central Board of Directors of the Reserve Bank of India
held under the chairmanship of Governor Dr. Shaktikanta
Das. “The Board approved the transfer of Rs. 87,416 crore
as surplus to the Central Government for the accounting year
2022-23 while deciding to keep the Contingency Risk Buffer
at 6%,” the RBI said on May 19, 2023.
Economists said that the higher dividend from the RBI
resulted from the volatility in the foreign exchange market,
which enabled the central bank to book huge profits by selling
dollars. Selling dollars had a double impact on RBI’s dividend-
paying ability. While the sale of dollars at higher exchange
rates than the purchase price generates profits, a decline in
the size of the balance sheet reduces the need for provisions.
The RBI’s declared dividend payout is also much higher
than the Rs. 48,000-crore dividend from the banks estimated
in the Union Budget. The Government’s overall dividend
income will be even higher considering that the country’s
largest public sector bank, the State Bank of India (SBI), has
increased its dividend payout to Rs. 11.3 per share against
Rs. 7.1 in 2021-22. A higher dividend income will enable the
Government to meet the fiscal deficit target of 5.9% of
GDP. This will reduce pressure to raise market borrowing.
At (–)0.92%, Wholesale Inflation Turns
Negative After 3 Years In April 2023
For the first time in almost three years, India’s wholesale
inflation, measured by the Wholesale Price Index (WPI),
turned negative in April 2023 as overall prices eased. The
WPI inflation fell (–)0.92% in April 2023, compared to a rise
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
ECONOMY INDICATORS
Bank Rate : 6.75%
Repo Rate : 6.50%
Reverse Repo Rate : 3.35%
Cash Reserve Ratio : 4.5%
Statutory Liquidity Ratio : 18.00%
Base Rate : 8.75–10.10%
(As on June 3, 2023)
of 1.34% in March 2023 and 15.38% in April 2022, the Union
Ministry of Commerce & Industry stated in a release on
May 15, 2023. The WPI inflation has fallen negative for the
first time since July 2020. The country’s WPI inflation has
been easing continuously for the last 11 months after it jumped
to a 20-year high of 16.63% in May 2022.
The wholesale inflation in food articles eased to 3.54% in
April 2023, compared to 5.48% in March 2023. Meanwhile, the
fuel and power index fell to 0.93% in April 2023 from 8.96% in
March 2023. The wholesale inflation rate in manufactured
products was (–)2.42%, compared to 0.77% in March 2023.
A negative WPI inflation, technically termed deflation, means
that overall wholesale prices have been falling year-on-year. The
high base, at 15.38% in April 2022, also contributed to the
decline in wholesale inflation in April 2023. “The decline in the
inflation rate in April 2023 was primarily contributed by the fall
in prices of basic metals, food products, mineral oils, textiles,
non-food articles, chemical & chemical products, rubber &
plastic products and paper & paper products,” the Ministry said.
RBI Withdraws Rs. 2,000 Notes
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced the withdrawal
of the Rs. 2,000 banknotes from circulation, with the public
being “encouraged” to deposit or exchange the notes at bank
branches until September 30, 2023. At the same time, the
central bank maintained that these notes would enjoy legal
tender status. “The decision to withdraw the Rs. 2,000
banknotes has been made in accordance with the RBI’s Clean
Note Policy,” the RBI said on May 19, 2023.
While announcing the withdrawal of Rs 2,000 banknotes,
the RBI gave people the option of depositing these notes
with banks or exchanging them for other denomination notes
up to a limit of Rs. 20,000 at a time. For those depositing the
notes, the usual procedures and rules will apply. Those wanting
to exchange them can only do so up to a limit of Rs. 20,000
at a time, starting from May 23, 2023, at any bank branch.
The RBI cited the lack of use and the fact that the
Rs. 2,000 banknotes were nearing the end of their four-five-
year lifecycle as reasons for the withdrawal. The move came
over six years after the Rs. 2,000 notes were brought into the
system along with the demonetisation of Rs. 1,000 and the old
Rs. 500 notes in November 2016 to meet the urgent requirement
at the time.
At the end of March 2023, there were Rs. 3.6 lakh crore of
Rs. 2,000 banknotes, constituting 10.8% of the notes in
circulation. This is a significant drop from the Rs. 6.7 lakh crore
printed after demonetisation (representing 37.3% of the total
notes in circulation). “Moreover, it has been observed that the
Rs. 2,000 denomination is not commonly used for transactions,
while an adequate stock of banknotes in other denominations
is available to meet the public’s currency requirement,” the RBI
said. With UPI and payment wallets becoming mass-use
products, any disruption is a remote possibility.
The central bank compared the exercise to withdrawing
notes with fewer security features in 2013-14. In January 2014,
41
the RBI announced the withdrawal of all banknotes printed
before 2005 and provided a three-month window. The deadline
was extended to January 1, 2015, then June 30, 2016. This
extension was possible as the notes continued to be legal
tender and were only withdrawn from circulation. In recent
months, as other denominations became readily available, the
objective of introducing the Rs. 2000 note was fulfilled, leading
to the cessation of its printing in 2018-19, the RBI said.
Cabinet Approves Revised PIL
Scheme For IT Hardware
The Union Cabinet approved the second edition of the
Production Linked Incentive (PLI 2.0) scheme for IT
hardware, with Rs. 17,000-crore outlay. This should be weighed
in light of the previous PLI scheme’s outcomes, which failed
to deliver on their promises fully. The PLI 2.0 comes with a
more than double budgetary outlay, a longer tenure of six
years (as opposed to four years earlier) and a more attractive
incentive package. The Government, in February 2021,
approved the first edition of the PLI scheme for IT hardware,
covering the production of laptops, tablets, all-in-one PCs
and servers, with an outlay of Rs. 7,350 crore, but it failed to
evince enough interest among investors.
With PIL 2.0, the Government now expects the revised
scheme will result in additional production worth Rs. 3.35
lakh crore and investments of Rs. 2,430 crore during its
duration. Furthermore, it aims to create employment
opportunities for around 75,000 people within the next six
years. “The incentive under the new scheme will be around
5% and can go up to 8%,” Mr. Ashwini Vaishnaw, Union
Minister for Communication & Information Technology, said
after the Cabinet meeting on May 17, 2023. This is significantly
more than the 1-4% incentive under the first version. PLI 2.0
for IT hardware covers laptops, tablets, all-in-one PCs, servers
and ultra-small form factor devices.
“This is a continuous journey...if you see, in the electronics
manufacturing industry today, there are around 25 lakh
employees in the telecom/mobile phone manufacturing, and
with today’s announcement on IT hardware, there will be more
growth in the employability,” Mr. Vaishnaw, said. The
Government’s decision to approve the revised PLI scheme for
hardware is vital as out of the 14 sectors covered under the
scheme, only a handful have managed to deliver encouraging
results.
FMCG Business Grows 10.2% In
January-March 2023 Quarter
The Indian Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry
recorded a recovery trend with double-digit value growth of
10.2% in the January-March quarter 2023. According to the
figures released by Nielsen IQ (NIQ) on May 11, 2023, this
value growth is driven by a revival in consumption in rural
markets and traditional trade, which were under duress for
more than a year. In line with the stabilisation in retail inflation,
price growth further dropped in the January-March 2023
quarter to 6.9% from 7.9% in the preceding October-
December quarter of 2022, aiding the revival in consumption.
Volume growth at 3.1% in the quarter under review is back
in good health, as it was a negative 0.3% in October-December
2023 quarter. It has been improving consistently over the last
four quarters. Volumes had shrunk by 4.1% in the January-
March 2022 quarter when price growth was at 10.5%. After
declining for six consecutive quarters, consumption growth
for non-foods has turned positive in the January-March 2023
quarter, led by home-care categories, while the personal-care
category continues to decline.
42
Union Cabinet Approves Rs. 1.08 Lakh
Crore Fertiliser Subsidy For
Kharif Season
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA)
approved Rs. 1.08 lakh crore fertiliser subsidy for the 2023-
24 Kharif season (April-September). “For the Kharif season,
the Cabinet has approved Rs. 70,000 crore subsidy for urea
and Rs. 38,000 crore for Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP)
and other fertilisers,” Union Minister for Fertiliser
Mr. Mansukh Mandaviya said in a statement on May 17, 2023,
giving the breakup of the subsidy.
Mr. Mandaviya also said that the overall fertiliser subsidy
could exceed the budget outlay of Rs. 1.75 lakh crore in
FY 2023-24 and could touch Rs. 2 lakh crore by the end of
the Rabi season. The subsidy is likely to benefit about 12
crore farmers in the country. As of May 2023, the prices of
urea and DAP stood at Rs. 276 and Rs. 1,350 per bag,
respectively.
India’s Trade Deficit Narrows To
21-Month Low Of $15.24 Billion
India’s trade deficit narrowed to 21-month low of $15.24
billion in April 2023 as import bills declined sharply due to
a cooling down of commodity prices and reduced demand
for products considered discretionary spending like gems and
jewellery. According to the data released by the Union
Commerce & Industry Ministry on May 15, 2023, India’s
overall exports (merchandise and services combined) in April
2023 are estimated to be $65.02 billion, showing a growth of
2% over April 2022. Overall imports in April 2023 stood at
$66.40 billion, 7.92% lower year-on-year.
The exports in April 2023 have declined mainly due to
poor demand in the US and Europe. Merchandise exports
fell to $34.66 billion in April 2023 from $39.70 billion recorded
in April 2022, registering a decline of 12.7%. The rise in
services exports helped in offsetting the weakness in
merchandise exports. Services exports jumped to $30.36 billion
in April 2023 from $24.05 billion recorded in April 2022.
Non-petroleum and non-gems & jewellery exports in April
2023 were valued at $25.76 billion against $28.37 billion in
April 2022. Non-petroleum, non-gems & jewellery (gold, silver
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
& precious metals) imports in April 2023 were valued at to April 2022, which indicates that the industry has been able
$31.49 billion against $36 billion recorded in April 2022. to transit very smoothly to BSVI Phase-2 emission norms
Engineering exports declined by around 7% to $8.99 billion from April 1, 2023,” said Mr. Vinod Aggarwal, President,
in April 2023 from $9.68 billion recorded in April 2022. SIAM. As the industry gradually gets into the monsoon season,
Meanwhile, the value of merchandise imports fell to $49.90 among other factors, good rainfall can also help the sector
billion in April 2023 from $58.06 billion in April 2022, sustain its growth, he added.
registering a decline of 14.1%. Textiles, plastic and linoleum
exports continued to decline in April 2023 because of subdued IIP Growth Slips To 5-Month
demand due to recessionary effects in major economies.
Imports of gold dipped by 41.48%, while imports of pearls, Low Of 1.1% In March 2023
precious and semi-precious stones declined by 18.73% year-
on-year in April 2023. Petroleum and crude imports were India’s industrial production growth slipped to a five-month
down by 13.95% in April 2023, mainly due to the lower price low of 1.1% in March 2023 from 5.8% in February 2023,
of energy products in the international markets. mainly due to poor perfor mance of the power and
manufacturing sectors, according to data released by the
National Statistics Office (NSO) of the Union Ministry of
Passenger Vehicle Wholesales Jump Statistics & Programme Implementation on May 12, 2023.
About 13% In April 2023: SIAM The previous lowest level of IIP growth was recorded in
October 2022 at a 4.1% contraction. Industrial growth for
Domestic passenger vehicle dispatches from companies to February 2023 has been revised up to 5.8% from 5.6%, while
dealers increased by 12.93% in April 2023, led by strong the same in March 2022 stood at 2.2%. For 2022-23, industrial
demand across segments. According to the latest data production clocked a growth of 5.1% against 11.4% in
published by the industry body Society of Indian Automobiles 2021-22.
Manufacturers (SIAM) on May 12, 2023, the total passenger
vehicle wholesales rose to 2,84,271 units in April 2023 as
compared to 2,51,716 units in April 2022. Domestic sales of
passenger vehicles in April 2023 were the highest recorded in
any April, said SIAM Director General Mr. Rajesh Menon.
Maruti Suzuki India, the largest automaker in the country,
alone dispatched 1,37,320 units to dealers in April 2023 against
1,21,995 units in April 2022. Two-wheeler dispatches in the
domestic market during April 2023 increased by 15.14% to
13,38,588 units from 11,62,582 units in April 2022. The total
three-wheeler sales more than doubled to 42,885 units from
20,997 units, year-on-year, reaching nearer to the pre-Covid
levels.
“All the segments, passenger vehicles, two-wheelers and
three-wheelers have posted growth in April 2023, compared

As per the NSO data, the manufacturing sector’s output

grew 0.5% in March 2023. Mining output rose by 6.8% during
the month under review compared to a growth of 3.9% in
March 2022. Power generation declined by 1.6% in March
2023 against a growth of 6.1% in March 2022. The capital
goods segment recorded a growth of 8.1% in March 2023
against a growth of 2.4% a year ago. Consumer durables
output during the month declined by 8.4% against a
contraction of 3.1% a year ago. Consumer non-durable goods
output fell by 3.1% against a contraction of 4.4% in March
2022. Infrastructure/construction goods posted a growth of
5.4% compared to a 6.7% expansion in March 2022.

India’s Oil Imports From OPEC Hit

All-Time Low At 46%
The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
(OPEC) share in India’s oil imports fell to an all-time low of
46% in April 2023 from 72% in the year-ago April 2022
period, as the purchase of cheaper Russian oil peaked, industry
data showed on May 7, 2023, underlining the shift in global
energy flow triggered by Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 43
 Russia continued to be the single largest supplier of crude
oil, converted into petrol and diesel at refineries, for the
seventh straight month by supplying more than one-third of
all oil India imported. The imports from Russia are now
more than combined purchases from Iraq and Saudi Arabia,
India’s biggest suppliers since the last decade.
From a market share of less than 1% in India’s import
basket before the start of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in
February 2022, Russia’s share of India’s imports rose to 1.67
million barrels per day in April 2023, taking a 36% share.
OPEC countries, mostly in the Middle East and Africa,
supplied 2.1 million barrels per day out of the 4.6 million
barrels India imported daily in April 2023.
Retail Inflation Drops To 18-Month
Low Of 4.7% In April 2023
Continuing to be within the Reserve Bank of India’s comfort
zone of below 6% for the second consecutive month, India’s
retail inflation, measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI),
eased to an 18-month low of 4.7% in April 2023, mainly on
account of moderating food prices, according to the data
released by the National Statistics Office (NSO) on May 12,
2023. Retail inflation stood at 5.66% in March 2023 and 6.44%
in February 2023. It was 7.79% in the year-ago period of
April 2022. Retail inflation in April 2023 is the lowest since
October 2021, when it was at 4.48%.
The sharp drop in retail inflation in April 2023 was due to
a decline in food prices. The food price inflation dropped to
3.84% in the month under review, compared to 4.79% in
March 2023 and 8.31% in April 2022. The data further
highlighted that rural inflation was 4.68% in April 2023, while
urban inflation stood at 4.85%.
The development comes as a relief for the RBI, which
kept key rates unchanged in its last policy review in April
2023 after back-to-back hikes. The RBI has projected the
CPI inflation at 5.2% for FY 2023-24, with 5.1% in Q1, 5.4%
in Q2, 5.4% in Q3, and 5.2% in Q4.
Rural India Getting Internet
Savvy: Report
Rural India is increasingly getting Internet savvy. About
39.9 crore of the country’s 75.9 crore active Internet users in
2022 came from rural India, according to a study released by
the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IMAI) and
Kantar on May 3, 2023. “Urban India, with approximately
44
71% penetration, witnessed only 6% growth, with much of
the overall gain coming from rural India, which witnessed
14% growth over one year,” the report showed. By 2025,
rural India is expected to account for about 56% of all new
Internet users. India is expected to have 90 crore active
Internet users by 2025.
India’s Telecom Revenues Cross Record
Rs. 3 Lakh Crore In FY 2022-23
India’s telecom revenues crossed a record Rs. 3 lakh crore
for the first time in the Financial Year 2022-23, according to
a report published on May 5, 2023. It said that the higher
consumption of data and content, as well as financial relief
flowing in for the industry from the Union Government’s
reform package, saw income for the telecom companies surge
20% in 2022-23.
The Indian telecom industry closed the FY 2022-23 with
gross revenues of Rs. 3.1 lakh crore, significantly higher than
the Rs. 2.6 lakh crore in 2021-22. The report said that the
growth also resulted in the Government getting more earnings
through the revenue share arrangement, as it netted upwards
of Rs. 16,700 crore as part of licence fee collections.
India’s Airline Go First Files For
Bankruptcy
India’s aviation sector was hit with turbulence when
Mumbai-based Go First, earlier known as Go Air, filed for
voluntary insolvency and announced the cancellation of flights
on May 2, 2023. The Wadia group-owned carrier, which first
took to the skies 18 years ago, cancelled all flights initially for
three days and later till May 30, 2023, and promised to refund
the customers. The carrier operates around 185 flights daily,
ferrying an estimated 30,000 passengers nationwide. In a
statement, the airline’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO),
Mr. Kaushik Khona, said that they were grounding 28 planes,
half of their fleet, as the non-supply of engines by Pratt &
Whitney (P&W) has resulted in a fund crunch. “It is an
unfortunate decision (filing for voluntary insolvency resolution
proceedings), but it had to be done to protect the company’s
interests,” he said.
Go First has been in operation for nearly 18 years, from
2005 onwards. It was among the top four airlines in the country
with a healthy 10.6% market share of passenger traffic for
2019, behind Indigo, Air India and SpiceJet. Even as recently
as 2022, Go First had an 8.8% passenger market share, the
third highest in the country. Its passenger load factor, which
measures the ratio of the seats filled to the total capacity of
an airline, has generally remained around the 90% level. It
was able to run 200 flights daily and about 185 flights at the
time of its bankruptcy. It carried 8.95 lakh passengers in
March 2023.
Go First is not the only Indian airline to run into troubles
with the P&W engines. The Geared Turbo Fan (GTF) engines
supplied by Pratt & Whitney to airlines with A320 neo
aeroplanes worldwide, including Indigo and Go First in India,
were found to be defective.
The earliest problems arose in 2017. By 2019, the issues
were serious enough for the Indian aviation regulator
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to ask airlines
using the faulty engines to ground them until the defects
were rectified. Unfortunately for Go First, from 7% of its
flights being grounded in December 2019 and 31% by
December 2020, the proportion rose to as high as 50%
or 25 of its Airbus A320 neo aircraft fleet as of
December 2022.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Doctrine Of Basic Structure Turns 50
Prof. V.P. Gupta
CMD
Rau’s IAS Study Circle, New Delhi – Bengaluru
Kesavananda Bharati Case, officially known as Kesavananda
Bharati Sripadagalvaru and Others v. State of Kerala and
Another, is one of the most significant legal battles in the
history of Indian jurisprudence. This case, heard by the
Supreme Court of India from 1970 to 1973, established the
doctrine of the “basic structure” of the Constitution and
played a crucial role in shaping the democracy of India.
This essay aims to provide a detailed and analytical analysis of
the Kesavananda Bharati Case and its profound impact on
Indian democracy.
Background of Kesavananda Bharati Case: The case
originated from the Kerala Land Reforms Act of 1963,
which sought to impose limitations on the rights of property
ownership. Kesavananda Bharati, the head of a Hindu matha
(monastic org anisation) in Kerala, challenged the
constitutional validity of the Act, claiming that it violated
the fundamental right to property enshrined in Article
19(1)(f) of the Indian Constitution.
Doctrine of Basic Structure
The crux of the Kesavananda Bharati Case revolved around
the interpretation of Article 368, which grants Parliament
the power to amend the Constitution. The fundamental question
before the court was whether the amending power of
Parliament was absolute or subject to implied limitations.
In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court ruled that while
Parliament had the power to amend the Constitution, it
could not alter its “basic structure”. The court held that the
basic structure consists of the essential features and framework
that give the Constitution its identity and character. The judgment
emphasized that any amendment that destroys or abrogates the
basic structure would be deemed unconstitutional.
Impact on Democracy
Judicial Supremacy: The Kesavananda Bharati Case firmly
established the principle of judicial supremacy, which means
that the judiciary has the ultimate authority to interpret the
Constitution and determine the validity of legislative
actions. This empowered the judiciary to serve as a guardian
of the Constitution, protecting it from arbitrary changes by
the legislative and executive branches.
Checks and Balances: By recognising the basic structure
doctrine, the Supreme Court introduced a vital mechanism for
maintaining the delicate balance of power between the three
branches of government. It ensured that Parliament’s
amending power did not undermine the democratic and
constitutional principles enshrined in the Constitution.
The doctrine acted as a safeguard against potential abuse of
power and protected citizens’ fundamental rights.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Fundamental Rights Protection: The Kesavananda Bharati
Case fortified the protection of Fundamental Rights in India.
The judgment emphasized that certain core principles,
such as the right to equality, freedom of speech, and the
right to life and personal liberty, formed an integral part
of the Constitution’s basic structure. Consequently, these
rights acquired a higher level of protection, making it
challenging for any government to undermine or dilute them
through constitutional amendments.
Evolving Constitution: The case acknowledged that the
Constitution is a living document that should adapt to the
changing needs and aspirations of society. While the basic
structure remains inviolable, the court recognised that other
provisions could be amended to reflect the changing
social, economic and political dynamics. This interpretation
ensured that the Constitution remained relevant and flexible,
striking a balance between stability and progress.
Judicial Activism: The Kesavananda Bharati Case sparked a
period of judicial activism in India. The Supreme Court,
emboldened by its newfound authority to interpret the
basic structure, took an active role in protecting funda-
mental rights and ensuring constitutional governance. It
enabled the court to intervene in cases where the executive or
legislative actions were perceived as unconstitutional, promoting
transparency, accountability, and good governance.
Check against majoritarianism: Democracies suffer from
pathology of majoritarianism. Majoritarian and authoritarian
people often use electoral wins to make laws and amend
constitutions to suit their evil agenda and target constituencies.
There is a need for a check on this majoritarianism for
democracy to thrive and be inclusive. Doctrine of basic
structure does the same in Indian constitutional context.
Constitutional ideals such as democracy, federalism,
secularism have been read as part of basic structure and
hence, remain guarantee for future generations.
Despite being a standout evolution in India’s constitutional
history, various scholars have criticised it on grounds that the
doctrine of basic structure read into the Indian Constitution a
concept which was alien, abstract and a judicial innovation, not
found in the original Constitution. Also, this doctrine has
made future generations of Indian polity caged as they cannot
overturn certain constitutional provisions even if an
overwhelming majority want a different political ideal as
compared to our forefathers. The problem accentuates in the
Indian context as the judiciary is often appointed by collegium
of judges and is elitist in nature and its application of doctrine
of basic structure against democratically enacted constitutional
amendments seems like preserve the hold of a narrow social
class on the Constitution. Also, Supreme Court has not clearly
spelt out what all constitutes the basic structure, this ambiguity
keeps the legislature second guessing and handicapped by
judicial pronouncements. Also, there often have been
inconsistencies in the application of this doctrine on various
occasions. This often leads to criticism of this doctrine.
However, overall Kesavananda Bharati Case and doctrine of
basic structure is perhaps the most important constitutional
case not only in Indian jurisprudence but across the world.
This case made the Indian Supreme Court among the most
powerful constitutional courts among all democracies with the
powers to even overturn constitutional amendments. Despite
its wide powers, this doctrine has helped preserve constitutional
ideals and high moral India’s public life and guarded against
majoritarianism and ultimately keeping India a democratic and
inclusive society. ❏
45

Is Rise In India’s Population
A Boon Or Bane?
Presently, most business executives
spend a considerable amount of their
time in business meetings. Similarly,
administrators hold many discussions to
resolve multiple issues. To participate
in a group discussion in an effective
manner, an individual essentially needs
skills along with an open mind to resolve
issues. Given this, group discussion is
now a part of the admission process for
MBA courses at prestigious management
institutions worldwide. During such
discussions, while on the one hand, one
may gain something, on the other, one
may also have to give up something for
the sake of others. A good team member
must have explicit faith in the spirit of
give and take, keeping the overall
interest of the organisation in view.
Group discussions are also a screening
tool for selecting candidates who wish
to pursue higher education or take up
various jobs at reputed organisations.
During such group discussions, the
assessors usually give a free hand to
candidates to exchange their ideas. While
candidates participate in such GDs, they
also reveal several personality traits
which provide significant inputs to
assessors. These inputs include the
candidates’ logical ability, behavioural
skills, communication skills, self-
confidence, flexibility, innovativeness,
knowledge base and leadership
attributes, etc. These GDs are conducted
in a structured manner on a wide variety
of topics. These topics are generally
divided into three main types. These are
Reality-based topics, Imaginary or
Abstract topics and Case Study group
discussions. Among these, Reality-based
topics are the most common.
The above topic was chosen by a group
of ten candidates who were called to
participate in a GD as a part of the
selection process to undergo an MBA
course at one of India’s most prestigious
management institutes. On arrival, the
identity of all candidates was checked by
verifying their documents. All candidates
arrived formally dressed and were made
to sit in a semi-circle. This seating
arrangement was preferred to ensure that
the assessors could observe each
candidate individually as well as the entire
group as a whole. Usually, three assessors
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
GROUP DISCUSSION
—By Wing Commander Dinesh Mathur, VSM (Retd.)
Wing Commander Dinesh Mathur is a
senior selector and trainer. He has worked
as a selector at two Services Selection Boards
and as Chief Instructor at Defence Institute
of Psychological Research, New Delhi. He
has conducted many interviews and group
discussions during the last two decades and
has authored four books, including two on
Interviews and Group Discussions. He has
received Vishisht Seva Medal awarded by
the President of India and Commendation
by the Chief of Air Staff.
are deputed to assess a group of
candidates. Candidates were allotted
Identification Numbers, which were
prominently displayed on their shirts.
Candidates were asked to address each
other by these numbers and NOT names.
This is considered essential to avoid any
bias which may crop up owing to the
candidates’ place of residence, religion,
caste or community, etc. After that, a
detailed briefing was given to explain all
the dos and don’ts to be kept in mind
during the conduct of this GD.
Candidates were apprised that the role
of the assessors would be minimal and
they would be only facilitators, while
candidates will themselves decide who
would initiate the discussion and who
would come forward to conclude the
interaction. Candidates were told they
were at liberty to speak as much as they
wanted, but at the same time, they must
ensure that all candidates get an
opportunity to express their ideas on this
topic. After that, three topics were given
to these candidates, and they were asked
to choose any one topic for discussion
after mutual consultation. These
candidates opted to discuss the above
topic. Finally, they were told that they
must discuss the topic orderly and should
not shout or speak over each other. The
discussion was to be concluded in
25-30 minutes. Candidates were given
2 minutes to jot down some points on a
piece of paper, which they might like to
refer to while discussing the topic.
Subsequently, the group discussion
proceeded in the following manner:
Candidate No. 8 : Good morning,
friends. I hope all of you are set to
express your ideas on this interesting
topic that directly concerns us in many
ways. As we all know, the United
Nations Population Fund (UNPFA) has
confirmed that India has overtaken
China as the most populous nation
at the end of April 2023. Based on
the latest UN estimates and global
population projections, India’s
population is now 1,42,57,75,850, slightly
higher than China’s international record
of 1.425 billion in 2022. Further, India
is projected to have a population of
1.668 billion in 2050, way ahead of
China by the middle of this century. Our
topic is to discuss the opportunities and
costs of being the most populous
country. Is this new development a
reason to celebrate or a matter of worry
for us? On the face of it, the population
in itself need not be a burden if it is
accompanied by matching economic
growth and development to ensure the
welfare of its entire population. As per
current estimates, over 27% of India’s
population is young, between the ages
of 15-19. Can India focus on reaping
the available demographic dividend of
having a large young population in the
coming years? That is the moot question,
friends. Now, you may express your
ideas on this topic with this background
information.
Candidate No. 9 : I think Number
8 provided valuable background
information on this topic.
Candidate No. 10 : Yes, quite right.
India and China have a combined
population of 2.8 billion. That
interestingly means that every third
person in the world comes from either
of two Asian nations. But, before we go
any further, I think it is worthwhile
knowing how the population of China
has declined in recent years after China
remained the most populous nation in
the world for over two centuries or so.
47
 Candidate No. 7 : Can some friend
talk on this aspect?
Candidate No. 5 : Yes, China’s
population growth rate has been
trending downward primarily because of
its 35-year “one-child” policy. In fact,
since the 1990s, China’s fertility rate, the
average number of children born to a
woman over her lifetime, has dropped
below the replacement level of 2.1. We
know the replacement rate is the rate
that allows the population to replace
itself. In a significant development, this
figure was 1.30 in 2020 and further fell
to 1.15 in 2021. Due to this reason,
Chinese demographers had, for more
than a decade, campaigned to scrap the
one-child policy before the Chinese
government finally ended it in 2015.
Candidate No. 1 : Subsequently,
alarmed at an ageing population and
shrinking workforce, the Chinese
government ultimately allowed couples
to have two children in 2015 and further
eased the limit to three children in 2021.
But it was rather late. Experts also point
out that the rising cost of raising children
and the lack of welfare provisions were
the main reasons behind China’s low
fertility rate. In the recent past, the
Chinese government offered tax
benefits, subsidies for child care and
longer parental leave while discouraging
abortions, etc., to check population
decline, but without much success.
Candidate No. 6 : I would like to
point out that during the last few years,
the rate of population growth of both
India and China has declined, but the
rate of this decline has been much faster
in China than in India.
Candidate No. 3 : I think Number 5
and Number 1 have adequately
discussed the Chinese population
decline, and let us now revert to India’s
population explosion. Am I right?
Candidate No. 8 : After knowing
India’s population growth, China
strongly reacted by saying that while
assessing a country’s demographic
dividend, the world needs to look at
not the size but the quality of its
population. Size does matter, but what
matters most is the talented resources,
and China is still at an advantage in that
regard. China further asserted that its
population dividend has not yet
disappeared, and its talent dividend is
still booming.
Candidate No. 5 : In this regard, let
me point out that India has the world’s
largest youth force, with 25.4 crore in
the 15-24 age bracket. Presently, 68%
of India’s population is in the 15-64 age
group and only 7% above 65. Looking
at these figures, we can assert that with
close to 50% population below the age
of 25, India has a huge opportunity to
48
benefit from the demographic dividend.
Not only that, as the national fertility
rate falls below 2.1, which is the
replacement level, India has a unique
historical opportunity, witnessing a
tremendous demographic change as a
young nation.
Candidate No. 1 : But, for India,
the real challenge lies in converting the
potential demographic dividend into
economic benefits through additional
investments in health, education and
quality jobs for young people, including
women and girls. If India deals with this
development effectively through
adequate planning and investment, this
section of the population can be a huge
source of innovation, new thinking and
lasting solutions to various problems.
Isn’t it?
Candidate No. 2 : Quite right.
Number 1 has listed the issues which
we need to tackle on the highest priority.
Candidate No. 10 : I would like to
point out that a recent survey has
revealed that presently Indians are highly
concerned about several economic issues
when considering population change,
environmental concerns, sexual and
reproductive health & rights and
concerns about human rights. People
feel that the population in our country
is too large and fertility rates still too
high. It only shows that many Indians
are anxious about the repercussions of
India’s population explosion and it
becoming the world’s most populated
country. They are worried about their
future.
Candidate No. 8 : No, but I feel
population numbers should not trigger
anxiety and unnecessary worry. Instead,
these numbers should be seen as
symbols of progress, development and
aspirations if individual rights and
choices are upheld. We should
remember that a shrinking workforce
could adversely impact the economy. We
need to recall that China’s massive
working-age population powered the
Global economic engine, supplying the
factory workers whose cheap labour
produced goods that were exported
around the world and boosted China’s
economy. Isn’t that a reality?
Candidate No. 5 : I agree with you,
friend, but at the same time, presuming
that a large population will be a great
advantage should not be without ifs and
buts. The main concern is your quality
of human capital, which you are
considering a big advantage. China has
repeatedly claimed a high-calibre
workforce, but I wonder, can India relax
and claim the same? Let us not forget
that other East Asian economies also
made the economic shift from
agriculture to manufacturing based on
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
achievements in education and skilling.
We can’t afford to ignore this aspect.
Candidate No. 6 : I think Numbers
8 and 5 have analysed the situation quite
well.
Candidate No. 1 : Let me clarify
this aspect. In India, the combined lack
of jobs and job-worthiness has meant
that the farm sector’s share in the
country’s employed labour force
continues to be over 45%, even though
its GDP contribution is still 20%. Why
is it so? The fact remains that in a
changed global environment, new jobs
need to come as much from services as
from manufacturing. India’s growth in
services exports is good news on this
front.
Candidate No. 3 : I clearly recall
that in 2022, Parliament was informed
by the Central Government that
between 2014 and 2022, it had given
7,00,000 jobs to candidates from among
220 million applicants, which is a success
ratio of only 0.32%. So the problem is
there for all of us to see. It goes without
saying that it is only by facilitating much
better education and opportunities for
our young that we can realise the dream
of an Indian century.
Candidate No. 8 : I think for utilising
our current asset of human resources,
we need to work towards making India
a human capital powerhouse. Let us not
forget that there are over 100 unicorns
and more than 80,000 start-ups, and
importantly, Indian start-ups are
innovating in core sectors like education,
financial services, agriculture and
healthcare, etc. These developments are
encouraging. Further, India has the
largest STEM pool (Science,
Technology, Engineering and
Mathematics) of graduates. When
appropriately nurtured, this youth
population can yield change-makers,
thinkers and leaders to drive India’s
growth in the next few decades. Of
course, all this would be feasible only if
we wisely invest in the overall nurturing
of this young population in terms of
education, health, nutrition, skill
development and financial inclusion.
Candidate No. 5 : I feel skill
development of the youth needs the
utmost attention, and this must be done
with the active participation of our
private sector. Moreover, skill
development must be demand-driven
and address the industry and market
requirements. We also need to boost
entrepreneurship, which would also help
job creation. We also need to improve
women’s labour force participation in
the years to come. Thankfully, greater
access to education, healthcare and
family planning facilities has helped
delay the age of marriage and the decline
in fertility. Due to these reasons, India
could achieve a Total Fertility Rate of
2.0, below the replacement level of 2.1.
Candidate No. 1 : Friends, I would
like to highlight some advantages of
population explosion. Population growth
would lead to economic expansion since
more people can produce more goods.
More money will be available in tax
revenue to fund public services such as
healthcare and environmental
programmes. Since employment is one
of the main issues in our country, more
people will be available to work for less
pay. Demand for products and services
will rise as the population grows,
encouraging specialisation. In other
words, more people means greater
demand for products and services.
Candidate No. 8 : Yes, at the same
time, the government must spend a lot
of money on needs like housing, health-
care and education, and a rapidly growing
population makes this load heavier. As
India faces a stand-off with China, a
large population helps India maintain a
matching military force to counter China
and Pakistan simultaneously. India
undoubtedly has the potential to
become a worldwide market for both
production and consumption, with lower
manufacturing costs due to the
availability of a cheaper workforce. This
is evident in India’s IT sector.
Candidate No. 10 : I think we have
highlighted the advantages of a large
population in sufficient detail. Can some
friends bring out some distinct
disadvantages of a large population also?
Candidate No. 5 : The main issue is
that the demand for resources rises as
the population grows, but resources are
limited. If the resources run out and
become scarce, it will lead to poverty.
Natural resources will get depleted more
quickly owing to increased non-
renewable resource usage. Agricultural
output needs to be further improved as
more people need more food—lack of
food results in undernutrition and
malnutrition. India is already saddled
with the problem of malnutrition among
poor people in our society.
Candidate No. 6 : Let me add that
India is already battling with the non-
biodegradable waste that we are
constantly producing. It usually ends up
in landfill, contributing to harmful issues
like methane emissions. More population
will certainly lead to more air, water and
land pollution, resulting in numerous
health problems like asthma and cancer,
etc. Pollution even harms animals and
vegetation too.
Candidate No. 1 : A large
population is a definite threat to natural
habitats also. As the population
increases, there will be more pressure
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
to clear forests to make room for
agriculture and housing. World Health
Organization (WHO) asserts that high
population density leads to more
outbreaks of infections and diseases, as
germs and viruses travel from person
to person faster when so many people
live close to each other. India witnessed
this phenomenon during the recent
Covid-19 pandemic, which killed lakhs
of people in our country.
Candidate No. 3 : As the population
continues to increase, it will lead to rising
greenhouse gas emissions—a significant
cause of global warming, and also
damage our ecosystem. With a rising
population, people will face water
shortages as our water resources are
limited. Even presently, certain remote
villages in India are facing water scarcity.
Further, the employment problem will
become more acute with the rise in
population, and the quality of life may
become lower than it is now.
Candidate No. 8 : A welfare state
like India will have to spend much more
on a larger population on social
infrastructure to provide education,
housing and medical aid. Finally,
population explosion accompanied by
rapid industrialisation and urbanisation
has increased demand for already
deficient energy (wood, fossil fuel and
electricity). The problem can become
acute because India has just 2% of the
world’s landmass and 16% of the global
population.
I think Number 4 has not spoken as
yet. We need to give him a chance, also.
Candidate No. 4 : India’s population
explosion will undoubtedly pose more
problems. Things can only improve
if there is a major shake-up in
the functioning of both Central and
State governments. In the current
environment of our nation, this seems
quite difficult to me.
Candidate No. 2 : Friends, I think
the time allotted to us to conclude this
GD is now over, and we must conclude
it.
Candidate No. 9 : If you all agree,
can we ask Number 1 to conclude this
discussion?
Candidate No. 5 : Yes, Number 1
may please conclude.
Candidate No. 1 : Well, friends, we
had an extremely interesting and
informative discussion. While some
friends pointed out that India’s large
population is an asset, others have
cautioned that a large population will
not automatically turn into an economic
dividend. The country needs to work on
several mechanisms which translate into
economic dividends. Relevant
mechanisms that translate a demographic
bonus to economic advantage are
employment, education and skills, health
conditions and governance. We also
discussed the advantages and hazards of
India’s population explosion in detail.
Population growth constantly acts as a
hurdle in effectively addressing the
problem of poverty, hunger and
malnutrition and providing a better
quality of health and education with
limited resources.
To conclude, we can say that India
needs policies that support an enabling
environment that can provide high-
quality education, good healthcare,
respectable employment opportunities,
good infrastructure and gender
empowerment. If India lags in fulfilling
these requirements, its demographic
dividend can become a demographic
disaster. Let us hope and be optimistic
that India will gainfully utilise its large
population to become a world power in
the years to come. The country has the
potential and should not lose this
opportunity.
Thanks, and you all have a good day.
Critical Assessment of
Candidates’ Performance
Good: 1, 5 and 8
These three candidates highlighted this topic’s
significant aspects and quoted several facts and
data to support their arguments. They had come
to participate in this group discussion after
adequately preparing for this topic. Owing to
their good preparation, they were also able to
speak confidently. While they spoke clearly,
they also allowed other candidates to participate,
which went to their credit. Looking at their
overall participation and mannerism, it can be
said that they made a significant contribution
towards this GD. Due to all these reasons,
their performance has been assessed as “ Good ”.
Average: 3, 6 and 10
These candidates also participated in the
discussion but could make limited contributions.
They did guide the interaction at crucial stages
but did not have enough material to put forward.
This was the result of their insufficient
preparation. They should have realised that
adequate preparation is necessary to participate
effectively in a competitive group discussion like
this. Mere participation may not be sufficient
to show their merit and stand out among other
candidates. Owing to all these reasons, their
performance has been assessed as “Average”.
Below Average: 2, 4, 7 and 9
Unfortunately, these candidates had decided
to come to participate in this group discussion
without making any preparation. They did not
possess much information on this topic.
Therefore, they kept encouraging other
candidates to speak, while their own
contribution was nothing much to talk about.
They were hesitant to speak also as they had
not made the required efforts to prepare the
topic. For these reasons, their performance has
been adjudged as “ Below Average”.
49
 FACING THE
INTERVIEW BOARD
The Right Approach
Joy Joseph hails from Kottayam
City of Kerala. He studied at
Lourdes Public School, Kottayam.
Subsequently, he shifted to CMS
College, Kottayam, one of Kerala’s
oldest and best-known colleges,
where he completed his M.A. in
Economics. His father is a well-known
businessman who owns a large
number of Rubber and Spice trees in
Kottayam. His mother is a teacher and
a social worker. Joseph is the only
child of his parents. He had a brilliant
academic profile right from his school-
days and stood first in merit when he
got his post-graduate degree in
Economics. Besides being a bright
student, Joseph is an excellent debater
and is fond of reading books on social
issues and politics. His parents were
thrilled with his decision to go for the
Civil Services. He underwent online
coaching for one full year to prepare
for the UPSC Civil Services
Examination and cleared the Prelims
on his first attempt but could not
succeed in Mains. This is his second
attempt when he has been called for
the UPSC interview after clearing
Prelims and Mains. He came to
Chennai to undergo classroom
coaching for the UPSC interview,
mainly for mock interview sessions to
gain more self-confidence.
Mr. Joseph came to Delhi from
Kottayam a few days before to attend
the UPSC interview. On the day of his
interview, he ensured that he dressed
up formally and went through the daily
newspaper meticulously. He reached
Dholpur House (UPSC Office in
Delhi) well before the scheduled time
of his interview and waited for his
turn to go for the interview. Once
asked to come in, he entered the
interview room, displaying confident
body language. He noticed that the
Interview Board consisted of five
members, and the second member was
a lady.
50
Joy : Good morning, Sir. Good
morning Sirs and Ma’am.
Chairperson : Good morning,
Mr. Joy. Please take your seat and be
at ease. So, you come from Kottayam
city of Kerala and have done MA in
Economics. {The Chairperson loudly read
out Joy’s Detailed Application Form (DAF)
in a concise manner}.
Tell us what backwaters are and
where in India we find backwaters.
Joy : Though backwaters are there
in Goa also, Kerala is the mother of
backwater destinations in India. Kerala
backwaters, a network of brackish
lagoons and canals, are parallel to the
Arabian Sea of the Malabar coast of
Kerala. It also includes interconnected
lakes, rivers and inlets formed by more
than 900 km of waterways. The
network includes five huge lakes linked
by canals, both man-made and natural,
fed by 38 rivers and extending virtually
half the length of Kerala.
Chairperson : How were Kerala
backwaters formed, and how many
backwaters are in Kerala?
Joy : Sir, backwaters were formed
by waves and shore currents, which
created low barrier islands across the
mouths of many rivers flowing down
from the Western Ghats range. Then
several towns and cities serve as the
starting and end points of backwater
cruises. There are 34 backwaters in
Kerala.
Chairperson : Why has Kerala been
facing the brunt of frequent floods
impacting thousands of people? What
has the Kerala government done to
deal with this situation?
Joy : Every year, Kerala is hit by
periods of heavy rain, which usually
falls between June and September.
Atmospheric conditions and changes
in wind patterns over the region cause
these rains. These changes cause heavy
rains in the summer and prolonged
dry spells over the other months.
When rainfall occurs so quickly and
heavily, or there is a rapid melting of
snow and ice that soil can’t absorb or
rivers can’t carry them away, it causes
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
sudden flooding. Geography can also
make an area prone to floods, like low-
lying areas and areas near rivers.
Unrestricted mining operations in
places have also contributed to
environmental degradation. To
provide protection from floods, the
Kerala government has taken both
structural and non-structural measures.
Structural measures include providing
embankments, flood walls, sea walls,
dams and reservoirs, drainage
improvement and diversion of flood
waters, etc. Non-structural measures
include modern flood forecasting,
flood fighting, flood insurance, etc.
Help from Disaster Management
Authority has been organised, which
includes a disaster prevention strategy,
early warning systems, disaster
mitigation, preparedness and response,
and human resource development.
Chairperson : Recently, Kerala
launched a path-breaking project of
Kochi inland water metro. What is its
significance?
Joy : Sir, the water metro is an
integral ferry transport system catering
to the Greater Kochi region. Kochi,
the business capital of Kerala, is the
first city in India to get this unique
traffic commuter facility. It will
connect some ten remote islands of
the region, which are difficult to
commute by road. This is eco-friendly
and provides a viable answer to the
traffic chaos of Kochi. This will reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and give a
push to tourism. Ticket prices are kept
low, and the project has received a
massive response. In fact, daily
ridership crossed the 10,000 mark in
less than a week. It can become a
game-changer in eco-friendly and cost-
effective commuting.
Chairperson : Thanks, Mr. Joy.
<1st Member, you may please take over.>
1st Member : What were your
reasons for studying Economics?
Joy : I think, broadly speaking, the
study of Economics helps you
understand the world around you. It
makes you know the business, markets
and government policies, and thus
equips you to better respond to
unexpected changes in this ever-
changing world. We learn problem-
solving and analytical skills to evaluate
choices to make good decisions. These
skills are essentially needed across
careers in both public and private
sectors. Often, knowledge of
Economics translates into success in
work and life, and enables you to
contribute to the greater good.
1st Member : Recently, global
agencies lowered India’s GDP
forecasts. How do you view this
development?
Joy : Yes, Sir. Three global agencies,
IMF, the World Bank and the UN,
have recently lowered their forecast
for India’s growth in the current
financial year. The Reserve Bank of
India had made a growth projection
of 6.5% for the Financial Year 2023-
24. The RBI does not agree with these
global agencies. India’s growth
numbers are certainly better compared
to the other developed economies—
but then those economies are also far
bigger. International agencies and the
RBI have their own reasons.
1st Member : What are these
reasons?
Joy : Generally speaking, global
agencies feel that weak investment and
consumption continue to dog the
economy, while inflation, rising fuel
prices and uncertainty around the
monsoon remain key risk factors.
Moreover, any worsening geopolitical
situations could further some of these
risks. On the other hand, the RBI feels
that urban demand continues to be
strong and rural demand has started
picking up. Private investment is also
picking up in sectors like steel, cement
and petrochemicals in the current year.
While inflation is moderating and
banks are considerably healthier, their
capital adequacy ratio is fairly high;
the economy looks primed to take off.
1st Member : Tell us why Adam
Smith is called the Father of
Economics.
Joy : I think Adam Smith is called
the Father of Economics because of
his noteworthy contribution to
Economics by giving theories on
capitalism, free markets and supply &
demand.
1st Member : What were Adam
Smith’s three laws of Economics, and
name at least four books by Adam
Smith.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Joy : The law of self-interest, the
law of competition, and the law of
supply & demand were the three laws
of Economics written by Adam Smith.
His books are ‘The Wealth of
Nations’, ‘The Theory of Moral
Sentiments’, ‘Essays on Philosophical
Subjects’ and ‘Lectures on Justice,
Police, Revenue and Arms’.
1st Member : Tell us what do you
think about the measures being taken
to regulate Artificial Intelligence
Platforms like ChatGPT.
Joy : ChatGpt began services only
late in 2022 and mopped up over a
million users in just five days of its
launch. Microsoft has invested billions
of dollars in the OpenAI company,
which has excelled with ChatGPT.
ChatGPT has shown what the language
models are capable of doing—as it can
give human-like intelligent responses
within seconds. It can change the life
we lead. But, there are concerns about
its growing popularity, ability to mislead
people, spread false and fake news and
even extinguish millions of jobs.
Therefore, governments worldwide are
now looking to create laws to govern
this technology to mitigate the risks
of increasingly powerful AI systems.
This has to happen after global
deliberations.
1st Member : Thanks, Mr. Joy.
<2nd Member, you may please take over.>
2nd Member : Do you think
ChatGPT poses some specific
challenges for India?
Joy : Ma’am, fake news is a social
menace that is getting more dangerous
each day. Recently, Italy banned
ChatGPT, and the first ChatGPT
arrest was made in China after a fake
train crash news. In India, fake news
is already being used for propaganda
in a big way. To me, ChatGPT can
pose significant challenges for a
country like India. For example,
chatbots could replace many people
working in call centres in India. Call
centre workers are often reading from
a script. A computer can do this job
much better and at a much cheaper
cost. Unemployment is currently a
serious issue in India. So we should
refrain from repeating with Artificial
Intelligence the mistakes we made with
social media.
2nd Member : Recently, there have
been reports on increased China-
Pakistan military cooperation. How do
you react to it?
Joy : Yes, Ma’am. These two so-
called all-weather friends are now
seeking new military cooperation areas
and jointly safeguarding their regional
security interests. In particular, they
are planning close cooperation
between their navies, with China
gradually strengthening its naval
presence in India’s backyard, the
Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea,
where it is developing Pakistan’s
Gwadar Port. Besides acquiring four
naval frigates from China, Pakistan will
also get eight Chinese submarines.
Presently, China maintains the world’s
largest navy, and these developments
pose an increased threat to India.
2nd Member : India has been
importing large quantities of crude oil
from Russia, and after processing, it
is being sold in Europe, which the
EU has now severely criticised. How
do you feel about it?
Joy : EU authorities have accused
India of circumventing the sanctions
against Russia by buying large volumes
of Russian crude oil and processing it
into fuels for sale in Europe. They
have called for a crackdown on it.
However, India has rejected this by
pointing out that as per EU Council
regulations, Russian crude substantially
transformed in a third country is not
treated as Russian any more. The EU
regulations only prohibit the purchase,
import, or transfer directly or indirectly
of goods which generate significant
revenues for Russia. India is well within
its right to import crude oil and export
processed oil products, notwith-
standing the origin of crude oil.
2nd Member : Thanks, Joy. <3rd
Member, please take over.>
3rd Member : What are your
comments on China’s rising
involvement in West Asia?
Joy : Recently, China has been
getting increasingly involved in the
affairs of West Asia. It has been the
Arab world’s largest trading partner
since 2020. It brokered an agreement
between Iran and Saudi Arabia, two
warring West Asian nations. This has
been a significant diplomatic
achievement for China. China has
approached Israel and Palestinian
counterparts and offered to facilitate
peace talks between them. It has also
proposed joint actions for pragmatic
China-Arab cooperation spanning
eight sectors. China signed a 25-year
agreement with Iran in 2021 and
forged a strategic alliance with
12 Arab nations. All this shows the
increasing involvement of China in
51
West Asia, an important destination
for its Belt and Road Initiative.
3rd Member : What are the
implications of this development for
the US?
Joy : The implications are not just
for the US but for other nations as
well. The US has been on the wrong
side of Saudi Arabia and Iran. The
US wanted to use Saudi Arabia to
pressure Russia on oil prices, which
didn’t work, and Iran has been
shipping drones and munitions to
Russia. America’s ties with Israel, too,
are not that strong. Thus, American
influence has been on a decline in
West Asia.
3rd Member : What about
implications for India?
Joy : India has huge stakes in West
Asia. Iranian oil is India’s closest
petroleum source, and despite the
Russian oil supply, India imports more
than 50% of its oil from the Persian
Gulf. Almost eight million Indians stay
in the region. The Saudis intend to
invest $100 billion in India, while the
UAE is already a big investor. India
has joined the I2U2 group with UAE,
Israel and America, which has an
ambitious agenda to promote joint
investments. So, despite China’s
increasing influence in West Asia,
India has to safeguard its interests in
the region.
3rd Member : How do you think
your studies in Economics would be
relevant if you become a civil servant?
Joy : Sir, up-to-date knowledge of
Economics is quite crucial for civil
servants, as they are required to
contribute immensely to formulating
public policy in their roles as
administrators. India has emerged as
the bright spot in the world economy
due to its well-designed economic
policies to which civil servants have
also contributed. Broadly speaking,
Economics is the bedrock of
everything that is public affairs. Quite
a few government policies have an
economic aspect, and government
schemes should be based on economic
soundness. Therefore, a civil servant’s
knowledge of Economics benefits his
functioning.
3rd Member : Thanks, Mr. Joy.
<4th Member, please take over.>
4th Member : What has been the
impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on
the Russian economy and business?
Joy : Russia’s economy shrank 2.1%
in 2022 under the pressure of Western
sanctions, but it was able to sell oil,
52
metals and other resources globally,
in particular to China, India and the
Middle East. Russian billionaires
made money in food & snacks,
supermarkets, chemicals, pharma, etc.
Russia has 110 billionaires on the
Forbes list, up 22 from last year. Thus,
Russian domestic demand has
remained strong despite the sanctions.
4th Member : Do you think ‘work
from home’ has been a successful idea?
Joy : ‘Work from home’ started
during the pandemic, and many
corporates are continuing with it for
financial and other reasons. However,
many professionals now complain
about no social interaction,
miscommunication, unclear feedback
and unnecessary delays. So, they prefer
to work from the office. Working from
home was also adversely impacting the
self-confidence of employees, and even
a small issue looked like a big problem
when one was alone. Discouraging
performance reviews also resulted in
people quitting, and younger workers
felt embarrassed in repeatedly calling
their seniors seeking clarifications.
Working in an office, younger people
feel more connected to their co-
workers. Therefore, some corporates
are asking employees to come to the
office once or twice a week only.
4th Member : Presently, Pakistan
is undergoing massive political turmoil.
What are its repercussions for India?
Joy : The present turmoil is people’s
reaction after the recent dramatic
arrest of Mr. Imran Khan, former PM
of Pakistan. The army has taken a
stern view of these protests. The
turmoil also coincides with the worst
economic crisis that Pakistan faces
today. Earlier efforts by Indian and
Pakistani leaders to establish peace
between the two nations have been
opposed by the Pakistani army.
Mr. Khan has directly blamed the army
for ousting him and for the attempt
on his life. So, if Mr. Imran Khan
could push the Pakistani army back
and avoid its interference in Pakistani
politics, it could lead to better India-
Pakistan relations in future.
4th Member: But how is that
feasible in the current scenario?
Joy : Sir, Mr. Imran Khan has been
demanding early elections in Pakistan,
which his party is predicted to sweep
due to Mr. Khan’s broad support base.
But, the present administration is,
somehow, trying to postpone these
elections. Therefore, as and when
elections are held in Pakistan, and if
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Mr. Imran Khan becomes PM of
Pakistan, he could undoubtedly reduce
the Pakistani army’s interference in the
country’s domestic politics. That
seems possible, as this is a new trend
in Pakistan that people are openly
opposing the army. It would certainly
be good news for India-Pakistan
relations.
4th Member : You are fond of
reading books on politics. Name two
or three books which you read on
politics.
Joy : Sir, I have read ‘India After
Gandhi’ by Mr. Ramachandra Guha,
‘India: From Midnight to the
Millennium and Beyond’ by Mr. Shashi
Tharoor and ‘Our Parliament’ by
Mr. Subhash Kashyap and found all
these books extremely interesting.
4th Member : What are your service
preferences?
Joy : IAS, IFS, IPS, IRS……
4th Member : OK, thanks, Mr. Joy.
Chairperson, Sir, we have finished.
Is there anything from your side?
Chairperson : I think it is adequate.
Thanks, Mr. Joy. You may please leave
now.
Joy : Thank you, Sir. Thank you,
Sirs and Ma’am. (Joy gets up and, with a
slight lean forward, leaves the Interview Room.)
Critical Analysis of
Candidate’s Performance :
Joy has performed reasonably well. He had
to face various questions covering a vast area,
including the information he had provided in
his Detailed Application Form (DAF) and
current affairs, both national and
international. Most questions about his home
state and academic background were on
expected lines, and Joy had prepared to
answer them in a reasonably confident manner
during his mock-interview sessions. He
realised that the Board Members were quite
cooperative and even encouraged him to speak,
which helped him overcome his initial
hesitation. It could be observed that Joy could
provide reasonably detailed answers to most
of the questions posed to him since he
possessed adequate information and data on
these subjects. By doing so, he has displayed
good awareness and sufficient self-confidence,
which would have certainly gone in his favour.
This obviously resulted from his consistent
efforts and well-planned strategy during his
preparation.
Looking at his overall performance, Joy
could hope to get a score of about 195 to
205 out of the total of 275.
 All You Need For Success

CSR ESSAY CONTESTS

Now 4 Topics instead of 2 : Write on Any One and be a Winner
1st Prize for each contest :
Study Material (worth Rs. 1,500)
For the CSR Essay Contests, four topics are announced every month. The best essay on each of the
Four Topics given below will be awarded a Study Material (worth Rs. 1,500).
Fifty-two (52) other contestants selected on the basis of merit will receive
India & The World Wall Maps worth Rs. 150 plus a Certificate of Merit.

TOPICS
Contest 893 : Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose 4
Contest 894 : Social Evils TOPICS

Contest 895 : An Indian Farmer

Contest 896 : Cricket : A Religion In India
First Prizes 4 (1 for each topic) : Study Material (worth Rs. 1,500) plus a Certificate of
Merit.
52 Highly Commendable Prizes : India & The World Wall Maps worth Rs. 150 plus
a Certificate of Merit.
The length of the essay should not exceed 1,500 wordswords. The Editor will pay special attention to the participant’s grasp of
the topic and to the ability to think constructively and to present one’s ideas concisely, logically and effectively.
Age limit : From 18 years to 30 years.
THERE IS NO ENTRY FEE. Entries for Essays should not exceed 1,500 words and should be typed double-spaced on one side of the paper and
must be accompanied by latest (1) passport size (bust) and (2) full-length colour photographs. Photographs should be taken in formal dress, i.e.,
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Address, City, State, Pin Code of the contributor along with biodata must be written on the first page of the entry and only name on the back
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Handwritten entries or entries without photographs and incomplete biodata will not be considered.
Entries via email with scanned photographs are to be considered on a par with those in usual format.
All entries, along with photographs, received will be the exclusive property of CSR Group and can be used for its promotion. Only original
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COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 53
 You can also become Crorepati.
By Siddhartha
Read of K
Basu
aun Banega
Kaun
Crorepati
Popular TT.V
.V
.V.. Show

Questions And Answers From The

BBC World TV Quiz Game
Competition Success Review had been serialising selected questions from the book BBC :
The Complete Mastermind. Now we are proud to present different sets of questions every month from
another book—BBC Mastermind India, edited and compiled by India’s Ace Quiz Master Siddhartha Basu
and published by Teksons Bookshop, New Delhi, in association with BBC. CSR hopes that its readers
from all over India will find the series useful not only for various competitive examinations,
but also in widening knowledge base about India and the World, so that
they are able to participate creditably in various Quiz Contests.
1. At which venue in Singapore did Subhas Chandra Bose 11. Which sherpa was a member of six expeditions to
make the first proclamation of a free Indian government ? Mt. Everest before he succeeded on his seventh attempt ?
2. Which commerce company was set up in 1969 by Adrian 12. The reign of which twentieth century Japanese emperor
Dalslay, Larry Hillblom and Robert Lynn ? is called the ‘Heisei Epoch’ ?
3. Which American poet coined the title, ‘Lady with a Lamp’ 13. Which species of bat with bright orange and black wings,
for Florence Nightingale in his 1858 poem, Santa found in Southern India, roost among the dried leaves
Filomena ? of the Longan trees ?
4. In mathematics, what term is used to refer to the quantity 14. On whose play, Bisarjan, did Naval Gandhi base his
that has both magnitude and direction ? 1927 Orient Films release, Sacrifice ?
5. What was the name of the informal body formed by 15. According to the Old Testament, the army of Joshua
Albert Einstein in Berne (Switzerland) for discussing blew horns to bring down the walls of which city ?
science and philosophy ? 16. Which fast bowler scored India’s first Test half century
6. In which Dickens novel would you meet the character in its Test debut against England on June 25, 1932 ?
Sam Weller who confused his V’s and W’s ? 17. From which Egyptian village were the temples of
7. Which global communications giant was originally set Rameses II moved to higher ground to prevent being
up by Alexander Graham Bell as the Bell Telephone flooded by the waters of the Aswan Dam ?
Company in 1877 ? 18. In the Indo-Pak War of 1971, which fighter-bomber aircraft
8. What name was given to Arjun when he defeated all of the IAF, based in Jaisalmer, decimated Pakistani tanks
other kings during the Rajasuya sacrifice and collected and troops on December 4, in the battle of Longewala ?
their wealth ? 19. Who was the compromise candidate of the Moderate
9. Which of its states did the US purchase from Spain for and Extremists for the presidency of the party at the
5 million dollars in 1819 ? 1906 Calcutta Congress ?
10. Which island nation in the Indian ocean was given its 20. In 1918, which nationalist leader filed a case against
present name by the Dutch in honour of the Prince of Sir Valentine Chirol for defaming him in the book,
Orange? Indian Unrest ?

ANSWERS
20. Bal Gangadhar Tilak 15. Jericho 10. Mauritius Olympia Academy 5.
19. Dadabhai Naoroji 14. Rabindranath Tagore 9. Florida Vector 4.
18. Hunters 13. Painted Bat 8. Dhananjaya Henry Longfellow 3.
17. Abu Simbel 12. Emperor Akihito 7. AT & T DHL 2.
16. Amar Singh 11. Tenzing Norgay 6. The Pickwick Papers Cathay Cinema Hall 1.

54 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Engineering Education in India 2023
Innovating for the Future
Engineering education in India has come a long way since
the first engineering college, the College of Civil Engineering,
Roorkee, was established in 1847 and was renamed the
Thomason College of Civil Engineering in 1854. Today, India
boasts over 4,435 engineering colleges and produces more than
1.5 million engineers yearly.
Engineering studies in India have their roots in the colonial era
when the British government established the Thomason College
of Civil Engineering to train civil engineers to construct railways,
canals, and other infrastructure projects. In the post-Independence
era, the Government of India launched a series of initiatives to
expand the scope and quality of engineering education in the
country. The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) were established
in the 1950s to provide world-class education in engineering and
technology. Today, the IITs are considered the most prestigious
engineering institutions in India, and admission to these institutions
is highly competitive. In addition, several private institutions are
also sought after by students due to their excellent infrastructure
and teaching standards.
Engineering training in India is offered at various levels,
including diploma, undergraduate (Bachelor’s), postgraduate
(Master’s), and doctoral (Ph.D.) levels. There are multiple types
of engineering programmes available in India, such as:
1. Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech)
2. Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.)
3. Master of Technology (M.Tech)
4. Master of Engineering (M.E.)
5. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
These programmes are offered in various disciplines, such as
Civil Engineering, Computer Science Engineering, Mechanical
Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and
Communication Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Aerospace
Engineering, and others.
ACCREDITATION AND ADMISSION
The accreditation process in India is overseen by the National
Board of Accreditation (NBA), an autonomous body under
the Ministry of Education, Government of India. NBA
accredits engineering programmes based on their compliance
with the guidelines set by the All India Council for Technical
Education (AICTE), such as curriculum, faculty qualifications,
infrastructure, and student performance.
Professional bodies such as the AICTE and the NBA play
a crucial role in improving engineering education in India.
These bodies set standards for curriculum, faculty, infrastructure,
and other aspects of engineering education besides conducting
periodic inspections to ensure compliance.
The admission process for engineering programmes in India
is rigorous, and students must score high marks in the entrance
exams to secure a seat in a top engineering college. The
competition is particularly intense for admission to the Indian
Institutes of Technology (IITs), considered the country’s most
prestigious engineering colleges.
The number of students who appear for engineering entrance
exams is large, and the number of seats available is limited,
further increasing the competition level. The competition is
also intense for admission to engineering colleges other than
55
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
the IITs, as several highly regarded colleges and universities
offer engineering programmes.
To secure admission to a top engineering college in India,
students need to work hard and perform well in their entrance
exams and academic qualifications.
The Top Entrance Exams for getting into Engineering
Institutes in India are :
1. JEE Main (Joint Entrance Examination Main) -
conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) for admission
to various engineering colleges in India, including the prestigious
Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).
2. JEE (Advanced) - the second stage of the JEE (Main),
conducted by one of the IITs. Students who clear the JEE
(Main) can appear for the JEE (Advanced).
3. BITSAT (Birla Institute of Technology and Science
Admission Test) - conducted by the Birla Institute of
Technology and Science (BITS) for admission to its engineering
programmes.
4. VITEEE (Vellore Institute of Technolog y
Engineering Entrance Examination) - conducted by the
Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) for admission to its
engineering programmes.
5. SRMJEEE (SRM Joint Engineering Entrance
Examination) - conducted by SRM Institute of Science and
Technology (SRMIST) for admission to its engineering
programs.
6. MHT CET (Maharashtra Common Entrance Test) -
conducted by the Government of Maharashtra for admission
to engineering colleges in Maharashtra.
7. KCET (Karnataka Common Entrance Test) -
conducted by the Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA)
for admission to engineering colleges in Karnataka.
8. TNEA (Tamil Nadu Engineering Admission) -
conducted by the Directorate of Technical Education (DoTE),
Tamil Nadu, for admission to engineering colleges in Tamil
Nadu.
9. UPSEE (Uttar Pradesh State Entrance Examination)
- conducted by Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University
(AKTU) for admission to engineering colleges in Uttar
Pradesh.
10. GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) -
conducted by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)
for admission to postgraduate engineering programmes
and recruitment into various public sector undertakings
(PSUs).
However, other than these, several other engineering entrance
exams are also conducted.
Getting into engineering in India is highly competitive.
India is home to some of the world’s top engineering colleges
and universities, and engineering is a highly sought-after
profession.
The curriculum and syllabus of engineering programmes in
India are designed to provide a comprehensive understanding
of the theoretical concepts and practical applications of
engineering. The curriculum includes courses in mathematics,
physics, chemistry, engineering mechanics, thermodynamics,
computer programming, and other related subjects. In addition
to these core courses, students must take elective courses in
their chosen discipline, which provides them with specialised
knowledge and skills.
56
TEACHING METHODOLOGIES
Pedagogy and teaching methodologies in engineering
programmes in India have evolved. The traditional lecture-
based approach is still prevalent in many colleges, but there is
a growing emphasis on experiential and project-based learning.
Many institutions have adopted a flipped classroom model,
where students must complete the theoretical part of the
course online and come to class to apply these concepts in
hands-on activities.
Some institutions have also introduced industry-academia
collaboration programmes, where students work on industry-
sponsored projects under the guidance of experienced
professionals. This approach helps students to gain practical
knowledge and skills and prepares them for a successful career
in the industry.
Engineering education in India has its own challenges, and
students must be prepared to face them. Institutes
and policymakers must address these challenges and
take measures to improve education quality and provide
students with better learning opportunities. Creating an
environment that fosters learning and encourages students to
pursue their interests and aspirations is essential. The placement
of students is a crucial aspect of engineering education in
India. The scenario in engineering institutes varies depending
on several factors, and efforts are being made to improve it.
Students and parents must research the placement scenario of
institutes before enrolling in them to make an informed
decision.
PRIVATE SECTOR AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO
ENGINEERING EDUCATION
The private sector has also played a significant role in
improving engineering education in India. Some of the
initiatives taken by the private sector include:
1. Industry-Academia Collaboration : Many private
companies have collaborated with educational institutions to
provide students with industry exposure and practical training.
This collaboration helps bridge the gap between theoretical
knowledge and practical skills.
2. Faculty Development Programmes : Private institutions
also conduct programmes to train their faculty members in the
latest teaching methodologies, technologies and research
trends.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 ENGINEERING
COLLEGE
GREATER NOIDA | SINCE 2006

ITS ENGINEERING COLLEGE GREATER NOIDA

46, Knowledge Park- III, Greater Noida-201310
Excellent Genuine Placement Record Over 80% for Batch 2022-2023
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Information Technology  AI & ML  Internet of Things
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Gen IEDC Total Grant-2.87 Crores (Support of 2.5 Lakhs
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Special technical & soft skills trainings from second year
onwards

MAJOR RECRUITERS

Website: www.itsengg.edu.in Call us at: 18001800840

CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
3. Infrastructure Development : Private institutions invest
heavily to provide students with state-of-the-art facilities and
equipment.
Collaborative initiatives between various stakeholders,
including the government, private sector and educational
institutions, have also played a crucial role in improving
engineering education in India. Some of the collaborative
initiatives include:
1. Skill Development Programmes : The government,
private sector and educational institutions have collaborated to
provide skill development programmes for students to enhance
their employability.
2. Research and Innovation : Collaborative initiatives
between industry and academia have helped bridge the gap
between research and innovation, leading to the development
of new technologies and products.
3. International Collaborations : Many educational
institutions have collaborated with international universities
and research institutions to expose students to global best
practices and new technologies.
CONTRIBUTION OF THE ENGINEERING
SECTOR
Engineering education in India has had a significant economic
impact. The availability of skilled engineers has contributed to
the growth of the Indian economy and helped India become
a hub for outsourcing engineering services. Engineering
graduates are in high demand in various sectors such as
Information Technolog y, Manufacturing, Automotive,
Aerospace and Construction.
The engineering sector has also contributed significantly to
job creation in India. According to the National Skill
Development Corporation (NSDC), the demand for skilled
workers in the engineering sector is expected to increase in the
coming years, providing employment opportunities to millions
of people.
Engineers have played a critical role in building roads, bridges,
airports, and other essential infrastructure that have helped
connect people and improve their quality of life. Engineering
education in India has also had a significant social impact. It
has helped improve people’s living standards by providing
access to modern infrastructure and technology.
It has also contributed to the development of rural areas by
providing access to clean water, electricity and other basic
amenities. Engineers have designed and implemented various
projects to improve people’s lives in rural areas, such as solar
power projects, water supply projects and sanitation projects.
58
Engineering education in India has had a profound
technological impact. It has helped India become a hub for
research and development in various fields, including
Information Technology, Biotechnology and Aerospace.
Engineers have played a critical role in developing various
technologies that have revolutionised how people live and
work. For example, Indian engineers have contributed to the
Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) development, launched by the
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 2014. They have
also played a crucial role in developing various software
applications and services that have transformed the Information
Technology sector.
EMERGING TRENDS IN ENGINEERING
EDUCATION
Engineering education in India is evolving rapidly to keep
pace with changing industry demands and technological
advancements. Some of the emerging trends in engineering
learning in India include:
1. Interdisciplinary Programmes : Engineering
programmes integrating multiple disciplines, such as Computer
Science, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, are becoming
increasingly popular.
2. Industry-Academia Collaboration : More and more
educational institutions are collaborating with industry partners
to offer students practical training and research opportunities.
3. Blended Learning : Educational institutions are adopting
new pedagogical approaches that combine traditional classroom
learning with online and digital learning tools.
IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION AND
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Innovation and entrepreneurship are becoming increasingly
important in engineering studies in India. Educational
institutions focus on developing students’ entrepreneurial
mindset and providing them with the necessary skills to become
successful entrepreneurs. The government has also launched
several initiatives to promote entrepreneurship, such as the
Startup India programme.
Technology is playing an increasingly significant role in
engineering education in India. Educational institutions are
adopting new technologies such as Virtual Reality, Artificial
Intelligence and Machine Learning to enhance students’ learning
experience. Technology also creates immersive and interactive
learning environments that simulate real-world scenarios.
International collaborations are becoming increasingly
important in engineering education in India. Many educational
institutions partner with international universities and research
institutions to expose students to global best practices and
new technologies. International collaborations also provide
opportunities for joint research projects and exchange
programmes, enabling students to gain a broader perspective
on engineering education.
The future of engineering education in India is promising. The
industry is evolving rapidly, and educational institutions are adapting
to meet the changing demands of the industry. Innovation,
entrepreneurship, technology and international collaborations are
becoming increasingly important in engineering education. By focusing
on these areas, India can continue to produce skilled engineers who can
contribute to the growth of the Indian economy.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 THE METHODOLOGY
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Unveiling the Methodology for Ranking
Engineering Colleges in 2023
In recent years, engineering education in India has
undergone significant transformations to cater to the evolving
needs of industries. It now offers a wide range of
specialisations, expanding beyond the traditional fields of
Mechanical, Electrical, and Civil Engineering. Emerging
disciplines like Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence,
Robotics, Aerospace Engineering, Renewable Energy and
others have gained considerable prominence.
Engineering colleges and universities have responded to
global standards and industry requirements by overhauling
their curriculum. The focus has shifted from theoretical
knowledge to practical application and skill development. This
shift is supported by project-based learning, internships and
strong collaborations with industries, enabling students to gain
valuable hands-on experience and exposure to real-world
challenges.
The inputs and ideas exchanged within the engineering
education community this year have been truly enlightening
and deserving of immense pride.
We have endeavoured to provide a glimpse of these
remarkable findings. We invite you to explore this year's
Engineering Colleges Results, which are filled with insightful
60
By : GHRDC Team
discoveries in the realm of engineering education. The survey
results have been carefully compiled using a robust
methodology. We consistently strive to enhance our
methodology by incorporating new suggestions and
improvements each year, ensuring its relevance to the current
scenario.
We have continued to evaluate the performance and quality
of an institute on the basis of these four main pillars—
1. Physical & Academic Infrastructure; 2. Faculty, Publication,
Research, Consultancy, Corporate Development / Training &
Other Programmes; 3. Admission, Curriculum & Delivery
System 4. Placements, USP, Social Responsibility, Networking
& Industry Interface. Slight modifications have been done.
With our firm philosophy of "Seeing is Believing",
we conducted Validation Visits for the participating
institutes to bring into frame, the qualitative aspect of
the institutes. The colleges also cooperated in these visits
and the interactions were equally successfully for us to
rank them after taking into account the qualitative inputs.
We do not allow any subjective bias to creep in, under
any circumstances. Perception has no place in our
survey.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Graph 1: Provides a detailed classification of the parameters and sub-parameters used in the evaluation process.

• % of Placements (Domestic & International) • Physical Infrastructure

• Average Domestic/ International Salary Cost ü Built-up Area for relevant programmes
of Education/Return against Investment ü Classrooms
• Entrepreneurship ü Facilities for conducting Events
ü Hostel
• Events
• Academic Infrastructure
• Alumni Network ü Library Records
• Social Sector Activities ü Books
• Networking ü Journals, E-Journals & Database
• Industry Interface ü Internet Access
ü Teaching & Learning Aids

• Composition of Faculty
§ Admissions • Ph.D. Percentage
• Entrance Test • Ratio of Student & Faculty
• Number of Students Admitted • Research & Consultancy
• Tuition Fees • Corporate Development &
§ Curriculum Other Programmes
• Number of Ph.D. produced,
• Percentage of Curriculum Devoted to
• No. of Publications / Research
Core/ Elective/ Project Work Papers Produced
• Total Number of Programmes Offered • Students Research
§ Delivery Systems • Research Projects
• Course Designed and Offered • Competency Building & Soft
• Course Timetable Skills Activities, etc.

62 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
THE PROCESS OF RANKING
VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION
To begin with, questionnaires were framed in consultation
with professionals from institutes and industry. Invitations
for participation were sent to the institutes who met the
minimum eligibility. Out of all respondents 103 Engineering
Colleges were selected for the survey. Some institutes were
not included because of insufficient data. The survey being
a voluntary participation, we did not insist on those, who had
not shown interest to participate.
Highlights of the Survey Participants
ü Leading Engineering Colleges such as Delhi Technological
University, Delhi; COEP Technological University, Pune;
Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala;
Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad,
etc. are some of the top ranked private institutes which
participated with us this year.
ü New, emerging and promising colleges were encouraged
to participate in the survey and accordingly they were
also invited.
ü In the absence of data some of the top government
and private institutes have not been rated or ranked.
GHRDC feels that the participation of these institutes
in the survey process is of utmost value, as these are
the ones who set benchmarks for other institutes and
lead a way for improvement for them.
64
VALIDATION IS THE KEY
The next phase is rigorous verification of individual
institute's data through validation visits to the institute followed
by supplementary questions through e-mails as well as phone
calls. Institutes who did not complete the data or did not
respond to the queries raised against various discrepancies
after all the attempts were made to contact them, were not
included in the survey results.
The quantitative verification of data is followed by a
qualitative verification approach, through validation visits to
capture the true face of an institute and for a closer analysis
of an institute's performance. Almost 35% of the participating
institutes were visited this year. We interacted with the senior
management along with the group of faculty (to evaluate
composition and their intellectual competence, updated
knowledge of the latest teaching techniques, etc.) and met
with a group of randomly selected students, in addition to
verification of data.
PARAMETERS & WEIGHTAGES
Key factors and parameters were identified and weightages
were allocated to them. For a more rigorous quantitative and
qualitative analysis and assessment, the parameters were further
divided into a number of sub-parameters.
We arrived at the rating and ranking of all participating
institutions in India in the last stage, after analysing and
assessing the data against the given factors and weightages.
The categorisation of the institutes was done into several
rating groups to help the institutes know which category they
belong to.
ABOUT GHRDC
The vision of setting up "Global Human Resource
Development Centre Pvt. Ltd." was conceived by a group
of national and international management professionals as
early as 1998. Over the last 25 years, GHRDC has been
providing services in the field of education and research
primarily in the areas of Business Management, Engineering,
Hotel Management, Law, Architecture Education & Computer
Application System Sector with key stakeholders being the
educational institutions, the aspirants (students) and the
recruiters (the industry).
The centre, located in Delhi, was established with the aim
to act as one of the key players in providing a new direction
to human resource development initiatives to meet the
growing demands and challenges of the new millennium.
GHRDC has a team of professionals, widely acclaimed
nationally as well as internationally, representing the top
leadership in the field of education as well as Business
Management. The team members have wide and varied
experience of working in national, multinational and
international organisations including the United Nations.
GHRDC SURVEY TEAM - 2023
The GHRDC core team is headed by Ms. Mekhla Sinha
(Executive Director), and a group of professionals -
Ms. Aradhana Changkakoti (Asst. Director), Mr. Niraj
Dushyant (Sr. Manager - Project), Ms. Neha Kapoor
(Manager - HR), Mr. Dilip Shankar Gupta (Sr. Manager -
Data & Statistics), Mr. Damandeep Singh (Marketing Trainee),
Mr. Arvind Sharma (Office Assistant), and team of project
staff research executives/analysts, and support staff.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Ranking of Top Engineering Colleges

Group Name of the Engineering College Infrastructure Faculty, Admission, Placements, Total
Rank (Physical Research, Curriculum USP, Social Score
& Consultancy, & Delivery Responsibility, (1700)
Academic) EDP & Systems Networking &
(390) Other (250) Industry
Programmes Interface
(600) (460)

RANKING OF SUPREME ENGINEERING COLLEGES

1 Delhi Technological University 336.95 442.21 230.21 390.79 1400.16
(Formerly Delhi College of Engineering),
Shahabad Daulatpur, Delhi

2 COEP Technological University 333.97 440.60 227.22 387.94 1389.73

(Ernest College of Engineering Pune), Pune, Maharashtra

3 Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, 332.13 438.55 225.03 388.20 1383.91
Patiala, Punjab
RANKING OF TOP LEADING ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF SUPER EXCELLENCE
1 Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 326.81 423.67 213.44 380.46 1344.38

2 Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, 324.67 421.61 212.60 378.50 1337.37
Chennai, Tamil Nadu

3 Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science 323.49 420.42 210.28 376.29 1330.48
(Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu

4 Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu 321.45 418.56 208.27 377.19 1325.48

5 Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 319.48 416.68 206.35 375.80 1318.31
RANKING OF TOP ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF SUPER EXCELLENCE
1 Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation 304.91 405.51 192.18 360.24 1262.84
(Deemed to be University), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh

2 Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, Tamil Nadu 303.82 403.92 190.94 358.42 1257.10

3 Manipal University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 301.16 401.65 191.21 359.38 1253.39

4 Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Rangpo, Sikkim 302.30 400.10 189.79 360.08 1252.28

5 Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, 299.71 403.95 187.98 357.14 1248.78
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

6 The NorthCap University, Gurugram, Haryana 298.80 402.49 187.96 353.57 1242.81

7 Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (IGDTUW), 299.71 400.06 185.13 354.01 1238.91
Kashmere Gate, Delhi

8 Chitkara University Institute of Engineering & Technology, 297.49 398.40 183.80 352.44 1232.14
Rajpura, Punjab

9 Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara 295.62 396.64 181.79 350.14 1224.19

College of Engineering & Technology, Dharwad, Karnataka

66 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 A++

148 2022

06
Five

Research Center Recognition for Departments of EEE, ECE

& Civil by JNTUH, Hyderabad

12

2022

2022

1200 2022

NBA Accreditation for

A++ 06 UG & 05 PG courses
INDIA RANKINGS 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 & 2022
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Group Name of the Engineering College Infrastructure Faculty, Admission, Placements, Total
Rank (Physical Research, Curriculum USP, Social Score
& Consultancy, & Delivery Responsibility, (1700)
Academic) EDP & Systems Networking &
(390) Other (250) Industry
Programmes Interface
(600) (460)

RANKING OF TOP EMERGING ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF SUPER EXCELLENCE

1 Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, 281.77 385.91 176.66 335.35 1179.70
Mullana – Ambala, Haryana

2 Rajagiri School of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), 280.33 383.28 175.07 333.90 1172.59
Kochi, Kerala

3 Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 281.41 381.80 173.42 332.34 1168.98

4 SVKM's NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology 279.85 380.37 171.28 334.09 1165.59
Management & Engineering, Mumbai, Maharashtra

5 Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana, Punjab 278.69 378.79 172.36 332.56 1162.39

6 Rungta College of Engineering & Technology, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 276.64 376.50 174.08 333.52 1160.75

7 G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, 279.44 375.91 171.82 331.07 1158.23
Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh

8 Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering, 277.83 377.70 169.07 329.51 1154.11

Mumbai, Maharashtra

9 Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, 275.10 375.97 172.58 328.54 1152.20
Hyderabad, Telangana

10 IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 276.41 373.50 174.00 326.54 1150.44

11 Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, 274.50 374.56 173.56 324.97 1147.59
Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh

12 Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali, Punjab 272.39 372.19 174.44 323.59 1142.61

13 KCG College of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 270.81 370.96 171.45 325.82 1139.03

RANKING OF TOP ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF EMINENCE

1 Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 264.15 362.97 165.39 310.24 1102.75

2 Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala 262.53 360.57 166.13 312.30 1101.53
Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
3 Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana 261.64 358.99 164.08 310.90 1095.60

4 Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra 259.25 357.64 163.66 311.36 1091.90
5 Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, 260.18 355.74 161.45 309.25 1086.63
Secunderabad, Telangana

6 The ICFAI Tech School, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 258.72 356.01 159.00 307.81 1081.55
7 Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, 256.45 358.20 157.43 306.17 1078.24
Nagpur, Maharashtra

68 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Group Name of the Engineering College Infrastructure Faculty, Admission, Placements, Total
Rank (Physical Research, Curriculum USP, Social Score
& Consultancy, & Delivery Responsibility, (1700)
Academic) EDP & Systems Networking &
(390) Other (250) Industry
Programmes Interface
(600) (460)

8 Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka 254.40 356.72 156.15 304.29 1071.56
9 Reva University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 255.24 354.88 154.60 305.16 1069.88
10 M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu 253.27 352.62 152.35 303.72 1061.96
11 Faculty of Science & Technology, 251.51 350.10 151.56 302.76 1055.94
ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Hyderabad, Telangana
12 Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women, 249.69 348.45 149.29 300.83 1048.26
Secunderabad, Telangana
13 BRACT's, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, 250.30 349.23 147.57 298.31 1045.42
Pune, Maharashtra
14 CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 248.26 347.98 145.24 296.50 1037.99
15 Hindusthan Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 246.07 346.98 143.29 295.17 1031.51
16 GMR Institute of Technology, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh 245.63 344.26 141.88 293.56 1025.33
17 Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra 243.56 345.31 139.05 294.07 1021.99

RANKING OF OUTSTANDING ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF EXCELLENCE

1 Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, 244.81 326.17 153.68 285.26 1009.92
Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan
2 College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, 243.05 324.50 152.00 283.00 1002.56
Junagadh, Gujarat
3 CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 241.67 323.77 150.42 281.97 997.83
4 K.S.R. College of Engineering, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 240.22 321.84 150.93 282.95 995.93
5 I.T.S. Engineering College, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 242.48 319.63 148.12 281.69 991.92
6 KSR Institute for Engineering and Technology, 240.64 317.95 146.60 279.84 985.03
Namakkal, Tamil Nadu
7 Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and Technology, 241.00 315.24 147.64 277.10 980.98
Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh
8 Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Ernakulam, Kerala 239.27 317.85 145.00 275.49 977.60
9 SCMS School of Engineering and Technology, Ernakulam, Kerala 241.31 315.34 144.80 273.38 974.83
10 University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, West Bengal 240.40 313.36 142.19 271.21 967.17
11 Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, 238.91 311.70 140.91 269.98 961.49
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
12 Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (Autonomous), 237.22 309.69 139.71 268.05 954.68
Hyderabad, Telangana
13 Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, Maharashtra 235.44 308.89 137.45 266.11 947.88
14 K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, 234.52 306.31 138.19 265.60 944.62
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
70 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 RGM
College of Engineering & Technology
Autonomous
NH -40, NANDYAL - 518501, A.P.
Dr.M.Santhiramudu
Chairman
Rank Band 201-250

. E st a b lishe d in 1995.
. Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTUA, Ananthapuramu.
. A ut onom ous c onfe r r e d b y U GC Since 2010.
. W or ld B a nk funde d Inst it ut ion ( T E QIP-1).
. C olle g e wit h Pot e nt ia l for E x c e lle nc e ( C PE )
st a t us fr om U GC .

Accreditations
Placed in 201-250 Rank Band in National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)-2021 & 2022 by MHRD, Govt. of India.
Re c e iv e d “ A+ ” Gr a de fr om N A A C of U GC , N e w De lhi (Second Cycle).
Re c e iv e d T IE R-1 N B A a c c r e dit a t ion b y N a t iona l B oa r d of A c c r e dit a t ion, N e w De lhi, for all eligible UG courses.
Established Institute Innovation Council (IIC) by MHRD, Govt. of India.
ISO:9001:2015 C e r t ifie d Inst it ut ion. T C S a c c r e dit e d Inst it ut ion.
A ppr ov e d T e c hnic a l Skill De v e lopm e nt Inst it ut ion( T SDI) b y Gov e r nm e nt of A .P, in association with SIEMENS.
DDU -KA U SH A L ke ndr a b y U GC for skill upg r a da t ion.
th
Ranked 4 among all top Private Engineering Colleges in A.P by “ COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW ” July 2022.
th
Ranked 4 in Infrastructure category & 4 th in Placements in Andhra Pradesh by “ TIMES ENGINEERING SURVEY ” 22 July 2022.
th
Ranked 5 among top 15 Private Engineering Institutes in Andhra Pradesh by “ TIMES ENGINEERING SURVEY ” 22 July 2022.
th
Placed11 in outstanding Engineering Colleges of Excellence in India by “ COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW ” July 2022.
th
Placed 37 among all top 123 Engineering Colleges in South Zone by “ THE WEEK ” Magazine issue 14 August 2022.
rd
Placed 73 among top 125 Private Engineering Institutes in India by “ TIMES ENGINEERING SURVEY ” 14 June 2022.
th
Ranked 64 among all top 190 Private Engineering Colleges in India by “ THE WEEK ” Magazine issue 14 August 2022.
Ranked 81 among top 170 Engineering Colleges in INDIA by “ THE TIMES OF INDIA ” news paper dated 14 June 2022.
Ranked 90th among all top 216 Govt & Private Engineering Colleges in India by “ THE WEEK ” Magazine issue 14 august 2022.
Ranked 150 among 238 Private Engineering Colleges in India by “ INDIA TODAY ” Magazine issue 04 July 2022.
A A A A Ra nking b y “ C A RE E RS360” th
Magazine April 2023.
Ranked 72 overall (Govt. & Pvt) and 58 in Private T- Schools in India by “ DATAQUEST ” Magazine March 2022.
Ranked 60 in all India and 7 in Andhra Pradesh state by “ EDUCATION WORLD ” Magazine April 2023.
th th

Received 125-160 Rank band in Private Engineering Colleges in India by “ OUT LOOK ” Magazine 11 July 2022.
Courses Offered
UG Engineering Programs PG Engineering Programs Doctoral Programs
* Civil Engineering * CSE - Computer Science * Electrical Engineering
* Computer Science and Engineering
* EEE - Power Electronics * Mechanical Engineering
* Electronics & Communication Engineering
* CIVIL - Structural Engineering * Electronics & Communication Engg.
* Electrical & Electronics Engineering * ME - Machine Design
* Mechanical Engineering * Civil Engineering
* ECE - Embedded systems * Computer Science & Engineering
* Computer Science and Engineering (Data Science) * MBA
* Computer Science and Engineering and Business Systems * MCA
* Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security)
* Computer Science and Engineering (AI &ML)
Salient Features
* Excellent Infrastucture and Instructional facilities.
* 60 lakh sanctioned under FIST program from Department of Science and Technology, Govt of India.
* 2.98 Crores Research Projects are going on in the Campus.
* More than 90% Placement among eligible candidates. 1422 placement offers in 2022 batch and
500 placement offers for present final year students (2023 batch) and still going on.
* Good Academic performance with 11 JNTU Gold Medals.
* Campus Wide Networking with WiFi connectivity.
* Special Coaching for GATE, Communication and Soft Skills by Professional Agencies to improve
employment opportunities.
* Hostels for Boys, Girls and Faculty Quarters with in the Campus.
* e-Class Rooms - Digital Library with 1Gbps leased line, free internet facility & Digital class rooms.
* Central Library with more than 75,686 Volumes of Books & 170 National / International Journals.
* Facilities: Transport, Canteen - Sports - Gym- SBI online branch With ATM - Post Office.
* Institutional memberships CSI, ISTE, IE(I), HMA, ISTD, IETE.
* Student chapters namely CSI, ISTE, IETE, IE(I), SSHMA (hmaindia.net) NPTEL.
* Industry Driven / Aligned curriculum. IIT Bombay remote centre for ICT.
* Strong Alumni support for placements, Higher education and research.
* The APSSDC has sanctioned 02 CM skill centres.1.IoT & Gaming development 2.Dassoult systems
* Offering Corporate training certificate courses & Foreign Languages.

Ph : 08514-275203, 9440290470, FAX : 08514-275123 e-mail: principal.9@jntua.ac.in, principal@rgmcet.edu.in www.rgmcet.edu.in

CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Group Name of the Engineering College Infrastructure Faculty, Admission, Placements, Total
Rank (Physical Research, Curriculum USP, Social Score
& Consultancy, & Delivery Responsibility, (1700)
Academic) EDP & Systems Networking &
(390) Other (250) Industry
Programmes Interface
(600) (460)

15 G. Pulla Reddy Engineering College (Autonomous), 236.27 302.79 136.50 263.47 939.02
Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh
16 DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab 234.19 301.63 135.00 264.67 935.50
17 School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 232.45 299.55 133.42 262.47 927.88
18 The ICFAI University, Kamalghat (W), Tripura 230.80 297.62 131.78 260.69 920.89
19 Greater Noida Institute of Technology, 228.79 299.98 132.07 258.82 919.66
Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh
20 Dr. C. V. Raman Institute of Science & Technology, 227.84 297.30 130.00 257.41 912.55
Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh
21 KLE Technological University's Dr. M. S. Sheshgiri College of 225.52 295.47 128.27 255.76 905.03
Engineering & Technology, (Belagavi Campus), Belagavi, Karnataka
22 Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru, Karnataka 223.17 293.61 126.25 253.31 896.34

RANKING OF TOP ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF EXCELLENCE

1 School of Engineering & Technology, Sushant University, 207.97 275.77 124.58 231.40 839.73
Gurugram, Haryana
2 Trident Academy of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 206.08 273.59 122.60 230.45 832.71
3 Lakshmi Narain College of Technology & Science, 204.70 271.53 121.93 228.65 826.80
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
4 Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 202.35 269.34 123.27 227.75 822.70
5 Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu 203.05 268.06 122.00 225.37 818.47
6 Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh 201.74 266.86 120.95 223.63 813.17
7 Shirpur Education Society's, R.C. Patel Institute of Technology 203.38 265.65 121.40 221.41 811.83
(An Autonomous Institute), Shirpur, Maharashtra
8 Government Model Engineering College, Kochi, Kerala 205.96 262.92 119.61 220.04 808.53
9 Sahrdaya College of Engineering & Technology, Thrissur, Kerala 203.63 260.71 120.63 222.47 807.44
10 Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal 201.79 259.75 118.86 221.70 802.10
11 Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology 200.55 257.70 121.48 219.56 799.30
(Deemed to be University), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
12 G. Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), 198.45 256.72 119.10 220.72 795.00
Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh
13 University Institute of Science and Technology 199.35 255.12 118.00 218.53 791.00
(Rabindranath Tagore University), Raisen, Madhya Pradesh
14 Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 196.40 253.78 122.26 216.01 788.46
15 ICFAITech (Faculty of Science and Technology), Jaipur, Rajasthan 197.61 252.05 119.33 217.62 786.61
16 IPS Academy, Institute of Engineering & Science, 195.96 250.40 121.36 215.04 782.76
Indore, Madhya Pradesh
72 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Group Name of the Engineering College Infrastructure Faculty, Admission, Placements, Total
Rank (Physical Research, Curriculum USP, Social Score
& Consultancy, & Delivery Responsibility, (1700)
Academic) EDP & Systems Networking &
(390) Other (250) Industry
Programmes Interface
(600) (460)

17 Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, 193.16 248.18 120.82 216.08 778.24
Medchal, Telangana
18 Lakshmi Narain College of Technology Excellence, 190.95 249.14 118.09 214.91 773.08
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
19 Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering & Technology, 189.35 247.43 117.46 216.46 770.70
Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
20 Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam, Tamil Nadu 186.33 248.19 120.41 213.10 768.04
21 Rajshree Institute of Management & Technology, 187.21 245.22 119.40 212.30 764.13
Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
22 Chouksey Engineering College, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 190.17 243.39 117.25 211.40 762.20
23 Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, 191.72 241.12 116.01 209.19 758.04
Madurai, Tamil Nadu
24 Rajkiya Engineering College, Kannauj, Uttar Pradesh 189.03 239.66 114.00 210.74 753.43
25 Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, 187.84 237.16 113.35 212.10 750.45
Namakkal, Tamil Nadu
26 Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 185.53 235.29 115.00 210.65 746.47
27 Ravindra College of Engineering for Women, 183.50 233.59 114.46 209.50 741.05
Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh
28 IIMT Engineering College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 185.58 231.96 112.15 207.20 736.89
29 Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, 183.51 229.47 110.42 205.11 728.51
Indore, Madhya Pradesh
30 PBR Visvodaya Institute of Technology & Science, 181.07 227.21 108.53 203.04 719.85
Kavali, Andhra Pradesh
31 Mohandas College of Engineering and Technology, 179.45 225.22 107.15 201.04 712.86
Trivandrum, Kerala

RANKING OF PROMISING ENGINEERING COLLEGES

1 Institute of Engineering and Technology (Sage University), 165.19 203.33 96.47 179.35 644.34
Indore, Madhya Pradesh
2 Jai Narain College of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 163.71 201.75 94.84 177.59 637.89
3 Dr. C. V. Raman University, Vaishali, Bihar 161.21 199.49 93.00 112.50 566.20
"All the rankings are based only on the voluntary participation of the educational institutes and those who have not participated, we are
not responsible for their ranking of any kind in any of our categories. Methodology process is solely based on rating given by GHRDC as
per the defined parameters only for the voluntarily participated institutes".

RANKING STANDARD
1 Supreme >=80% 2 Leading Super Excellence >=75% to <80%
3 Super Excellence >=70% to <75% 4 Emerging Super Excellence >65% to <70%
5 Eminence >=60% to <65% 6 Outstanding Excellence >=50% to <60%
7 Excellence >=40% to <50% 8 Promising <40%
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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Top Engineering Colleges Ranked by State

Rank Name of the Engineering College

ANDHRA PRADESH
1 Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (Deemed to be University), Guntur
2 Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada
3 GMR Institute of Technology, Srikakulam
4 Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and Technology, Nandyal
5 G. Pulla Reddy Engineering College (Autonomous), Kurnool
6 Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem
7 G. Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), Kurnool
8 Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Tirupati
9 Ravindra College of Engineering for Women, Kurnool
10 PBR Visvodaya Institute of Technology & Science, Kavali

BIHAR
1 Dr. C. V. Raman University, Vaishali

CHHATTISGARH
1 Rungta College of Engineering & Technology, Bhilai
2 Dr. C. V. Raman Institute of Science & Technology, Bilaspur
3 Chouksey Engineering College, Bilaspur

DELHI
1 Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Shahabad Daulatpur
2 Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (IGDTUW), Kashmere Gate

GUJARAT
1 Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad
2 College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Junagadh

HARYANA
1 The NorthCap University, Gurugram
2 Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Mullana – Ambala
3 School of Engineering & Technology, Sushant University, Gurugram

KARNATAKA
1 Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Engineering & Technology, Dharwad
2 Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru

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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Rank Name of the Engineering College

3 Reva University, Bengaluru

4 School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bengaluru
5 KLE Technological University's Dr. M. S. Sheshgiri College of Engineering & Technology, (Belagavi Campus),
Belagavi
6 Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru

KERALA
1 Rajagiri School of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), Kochi
2 Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Ernakulam
3 SCMS School of Engineering and Technology, Ernakulam
4 Government Model Engineering College, Kochi
5 Sahrdaya College of Engineering & Technology, Thrissur
6 Mohandas College of Engineering and Technology, Trivandrum

MADHYA PRADESH
1 Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Bhopal
2 Lakshmi Narain College of Technology & Science, Bhopal
3 University Institute of Science and Technology (Rabindranath Tagore University), Raisen
4 IPS Academy, Institute of Engineering & Science, Indore
5 Lakshmi Narain College of Technology Excellence, Bhopal
6 Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore
7 Institute of Engineering and Technology (Sage University), Indore
8 Jai Narain College of Technology, Bhopal

MAHARASHTRA
1 COEP Technological University (Ernest College of Engineering Pune), Pune
2 SVKM's NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering, Mumbai
3 Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
4 Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune
5 Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur
6 BRACT's, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune
7 Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune
8 Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner
9 Shirpur Education Society's, R.C. Patel Institute of Technology (An Autonomous Institute), Shirpur

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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Rank Name of the Engineering College

ODISHA
1 Trident Academy of Technology, Bhubaneswar

PUNJAB
1 Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala
2 Chitkara University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajpura
3 Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
4 Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC, Landran, Mohali
5 DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jalandhar

RAJASTHAN
1 Manipal University, Jaipur
2 Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur
3 ICFAITech (Faculty of Science and Technology), Jaipur

SIKKIM
1 Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Rangpo

TAMIL NADU
1 Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai
2 Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed to be University), Chennai
3 Sona College of Technology, Salem
4 Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode
5 Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore
6 KCG College of Technology, Chennai
7 Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai
8 M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur
9 Hindusthan Institute of Technology, Coimbatore
10 K.S.R. College of Engineering, Namakkal
11 KSR Institute for Engineering and Technology, Namakkal
12 K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli
13 Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Erode
14 Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem
15 Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal
16 Builders Engineering College, Kangeyam

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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Rank Name of the Engineering College

17 Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai

18 Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal

TELANGANA
1 Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad
2 Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad
3 Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Secunderabad
4 Faculty of Science & Technology, ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Hyderabad
5 Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women, Secunderabad
6 CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad
7 CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad
8 Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (Autonomous), Hyderabad
9 Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, Medchal

TRIPURA
1 The ICFAI University, Kamalghat (W)

UTTAR PRADESH
1 Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida
2 Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad
3 G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida
4 IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad
5 Galgotias University, Greater Noida
6 I.T.S. Engineering College, Greater Noida
7 Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Greater Noida
8 Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology (Deemed to-be University), Meerut
9 Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering & Technology, Bareilly
10 Rajshree Institute of Management & Technology, Bareilly
11 Rajkiya Engineering College, Kannauj
12 IIMT Engineering College, Meerut

UTTARAKHAND
1 The ICFAI Tech School, Dehradun

WEST BENGAL
1 University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata
2 Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata

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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Top 20 Engineering Colleges Ranked by

Faculty, Research, Consultancy, EDP & Other Programmes
Rank Name of the Engineering College Faculty, Research, Consultancy,
EDP & Other Programmes (600)

1 Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), 442.21

Shahabad Daulatpur, Delhi

2 COEP Technological University (Ernest College of Engineering Pune), 440.60

Pune, Maharashtra

3 Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab 438.55

4 Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 423.67

5 Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 421.61

6 Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed to be University), 420.42

Chennai, Tamil Nadu

7 Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu 418.56

8 Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 416.68

9 Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (Deemed to be University), 405.51

Guntur, Andhra Pradesh

10 Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 403.95

11 Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, Tamil Nadu 403.92

12 The NorthCap University, Gurugram, Haryana 402.49

13 Manipal University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 401.65

14 Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Rangpo, Sikkim 400.10

15 Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (IGDTUW), Kashmere Gate, Delhi 400.06

16 Chitkara University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajpura, Punjab 398.40

17 Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Engineering & Technology, 396.64

Dharwad, Karnataka

18 Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Mullana – Ambala, Haryana 385.91

19 Rajagiri School of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala 383.28

20 Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 381.80

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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Top 20 Engineering Colleges Ranked by

Placements, USP, Social Responsibility, Networking &
Industry Interface
Rank Name of the Engineering College Placements, USP,
Social Responsibility,
Networking & Industry
Interface (460)

1 Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), 390.79

Shahabad Daulatpur, Delhi

2 Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab 388.20

3 COEP Technological University (Ernest College of Engineering Pune), 387.94

Pune, Maharashtra

4 Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380.46

5 Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 378.50

6 Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu 377.19

7 Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed to be University), 376.29

Chennai, Tamil Nadu

8 Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 375.80

9 Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (Deemed to be University), 360.24

Guntur, Andhra Pradesh

10 Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Rangpo, Sikkim 360.08

11 Manipal University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 359.38

12 Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, Tamil Nadu 358.42

13 Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 357.14

14 Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (IGDTUW), Kashmere Gate, Delhi 354.01

15 The NorthCap University, Gurugram, Haryana 353.57

16 Chitkara University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Rajpura, Punjab 352.44

17 Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Engineering & Technology, 350.14

Dharwad, Karnataka

18 Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Mullana – Ambala, Haryana 335.35

19 SVKM's NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering, 334.09
Mumbai, Maharashtra

20 Rajagiri School of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala 333.90

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...and many more
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023

Eminent and Well-known Engineering Institutes of India

Name of the Engineering Institute

H ITER, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha

H Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Rohini, Delhi
H Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology & Sciences, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
H Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamil Nadu
H School of Engineering and Sciences, G D Goenka University, Gurugram-Sohna Road,
Gurgaon, Haryana
H Velalar College of Engineering and Technology, Thindal, Erode, Tamil Nadu
H KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
H Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous), Ibrahimpatnam, Telangana
H Faculty of Engineering and Technology - Kalinga University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh
H Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Karunya Nagar,
Coimbatore
H Tula's Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
H Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil,
Tamil Nadu
H T. John Institute of Technology, T. John Group of Institutions, Bangalore, Karnataka

Over the years, India has earned the

distinction of being one of the top engineers-
producing countries, with the largest number
of engineering education institutes and
infrastructure in the world. According to
estimates, India annually produces 1.5 million
engineering graduates. About 90% of these
engineering graduates come from private and
non-autonomous engineering education
institutes, which are regarded as the bedrock
of Indian engineering prowess. In view of the
presence of thousands of such engineering
institutes, the aspirants are often at the
cross-roads when it comes to deciding and
zeroing in on the best ones of them to pursue
higher studies in engineering. As such, we
present a list of leading, eminent and
well-known engineering institutes, as above,
to help the engineering aspirants make
an informed decision vis-a-vis the choice
of the institutes to study in.

90 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 Leaders Speak
By Engineering Education Gurus
The views of leaders in the education industry are incredibly important for students as they can significantly impact
their educational experience. Additionally, these leaders can drive innovation in the education system, creating new
opportunities for students to learn and grow. Education leaders also promote diversity and inclusivity; ensuring students
have the necessary resources to succeed. The views of education leaders can play a critical role in shaping the educational
landscape for students, providing inspiration, innovation, diversity, and advocacy. We bring some perspectives of Leaders
in Engineering Education to inspire students with their positive and forward-thinking views on education, promoting
a sense of enthusiasm and commitment to learning.
Q. What are the challenges that students
face today studying engineering?
Prof. (Dr.) Rajdeep Singh, Executive Director-
Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC
Landran, Mohali
Studying engineering presents students with numerous
challenges that they must overcome to
succeed in their academic pursuits.
These challenges can be categorised into
several key areas, including intense
competition, outdated curriculum,
limited industry exposure, inadequate
infrastructure, and social pressure.
Understanding and addressing these
challenges is crucial for improving the
quality of engineering education and
enhancing the overall learning experience for students.
One of the primary challenges faced by engineering
students is the intense competition. Engineering colleges
and universities in the country are highly sought after,
resulting in a limited number of seats and a high number of
applicants. This fierce competition puts pressure on students
to secure admission to reputable institutions, leading to high
cutoffs and intense entrance exams. The pressure to perform
well can be overwhelming and may impact students’ mental
health and overall well-being.
Another challenge is the outdated curriculum in
many engineering institutions. The curriculum often lags
behind the rapidly evolving industry requirements and
technological advancements. The emphasis on theoretical
knowledge without sufficient practical exposure hinders the
development of critical skills needed in the engineering
profession. There is a growing need for engineering
programmes to align their curriculum with industry demands
and integrate practical training and experiential learning
opportunities.
Limited industry exposure is another significant challenge
faced by engineering students. Many engineering institutions
have limited collaborations and partnerships with industries,
resulting in a gap between academic learning and real-world
applications. Lack of industrial exposure deprives students
of opportunities to apply their theoretical knowledge, gain
practical experience, and develop industry-relevant skills.
Increasing industry-academia collaborations, internships, and
industrial visits can bridge this gap and enhance the
employability of engineering graduates.
Inadequate infrastructure is also a prevalent challenge for
engineering students. Many colleges and universities lack
92
Compiled By : GHRDC Team
state-of-the-art laboratories, research facilities, and
hands-on learning and experimentation equipment.
Insufficient infrastructure can limit the scope and quality of
practical training, hindering students’ ability to gain practical
knowledge and skills. Investment in modern infrastructure
and technology is essential to create a conducive learning
environment as it enables students to stay up-to-date with
the latest advancements in engineering.
Additionally, social pressure adds to the challenges faced
by engineering students. Society places high expectations on
engineering students to excel academically and secure
lucrative job opportunities. There is often a prevailing notion
that success in engineering is directly proportional to a
student’s intelligence and future prospects. This pressure
can lead to stress, anxiety, and a narrow focus on academic
achievements, neglecting other personal growth and
development aspects.
To address these challenges, various measures can be
adopted. Engineering institutions should regularly update
curricula to align with industry requirements and incorporate
practical training modules. Collaboration between
academia and industry should be encouraged through
internships, joint research projects, and guest lectures by
industry professionals. Investments in infrastructure and
research facilities are vital for providing students with the
necessary resources for practical learning. Moreover, efforts
should be made to create a supportive and inclusive learning
environment that prioritises mental health and holistic
development.
Dr. Manish Prateek, Professor and Dean, SOES,
G D Goenka University
H Students face many challenges in
their engineering studies, and the
most important one is that the
world is now filled with loads of
information, including credible
and non-credible information.
The problem is how to get a
credible information source
where data spreads quickly.
H The other issue is to select the best suitable programme
for themselves as too many options are available with
far less transparency.
H The peer, family and social pressure is increasing daily,
so the analytical and problem-solving skills required to
become an engineer are gradually decreasing.
H Rapid changes are happening in Industry, especially
post Industry 4.0.
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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
H No appropriate curriculum change by engineering
branches other than CSE is creating a huge gap
between the number of students taking up CSE
vis-a-vis other engineering disciplines, resulting in a
crunch of quality faculty members in the institutions.
Mr. Praveen Thakral, Chairman, Oriental Group of
Institutes
Engineering education in India is highly regarded and
plays a crucial role in the country’s
technological and industrial
development. It has fascinated students
in India since time immemorial, but over
the past few decades, it has started
losing its charm due to various factors.
It is worth noting that the engineering
education landscape in India is vast and
diverse, with variations in quality,
infrastructure, and faculty across
different institutions.
The major challenges faced by the budding engineers can
be summarised as under:
1. Engineering Curriculum does not go beyond
classrooms, leaving a vast chasm between education
and practice. Even otherwise, the Engineering practice
is largely comprehended as ‘design’ and ‘technical
problem solving’ only, making the understanding of
the stream quite restricted. A student with the tunnel-
vision faces employability issues later.
2. Courses are quite difficult in core engineering subjects
and tend to defocus the herds of students lined up
for lucrative placements. Moreover, the surge of AI
and ML in recent years has further created disinterest
in Core Engineering subjects. However, looking at the
mammoth workforce getting ready in the IT sector,
their dream of getting fantasy jobs again goes to the
docks, as they have tough global competition from
China, the Philippines or Latin America.
3. Many application-based skills, innovative & inquiry-
based learning approaches and proper uses of ICT
are not addressed in the Engineering curriculum,
making the learner novice towards smart engineering.
4. Dearth of quality teachers has been a major reason
for students finding the course unmanageable and alien.
Employers demand a multi-disciplinary approach in
their prospective employees, and the fresh graduates
have been tutored by either superannuated faculty or
those lacking requisite qualifications and research
capabilities. As a result, teaching-learning is quite
restricted and faulty, breeding incompetent graduates.
5. The inbuilt assessment system of the universities and
affiliating colleges is quite adulterated, resulting in
100% pass-outs or excessively high CGPA scorers
bringing the credibility of Engineering Education under
the scanner. The engineering graduates are no less
than an unskilled workforce who face the wrath of
employers post-employment and get fired after failing
to meet the deadlines of projects. Their lack of
competence and desired employability skills make them
scared to stand up for the next job.
It is suggested that to combat the challenges faced by
students during their engineering tenure, some measures
can be adopted wherein the institutions revamp their
curricula, upgrade and link them with industry interface,
94
modify their teaching methodologies, improve assessment
and evaluation procedures and make proper use of open
source learning materials in classrooms. Further,
the institutions should develop desirable engineering traits
in the graduates, as laid down in Washington Accord (WA),
to make Indian engineers globally competent and employable.
There is an urgent need to address these problems, failing
which India will miss the opportunity to utilise its
demographic dividend of a young and dynamic workforce
that it possesses.
Dr. R.K. Gupta, Professor of Mechanical Engineering
School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics
Engineering, Manipal University, Jaipur
While studying engineering, students learn complex
theories, mathematical equations, and abstract concepts.
Understanding and applying these concepts can be
challenging for many students during
the course of study. Effective time
management becomes crucial to meet
deadlines and maintaining a healthy
work-life balance. Also, students must
have the capability to build strong
teamwork and collaboration. Students
may face challenges while working
effectively in teams, including
communication issues, conflicts, and
coordination problems. High expectations and pressure to
maintain grades also lead to rigorous evaluations. So, students
may feel immense pressure to excel academically and meet
the expectations set by themselves, their families, or their
peers.
Q. What is the future of engineering
education in India?
Prof. (Dr.) Rajdeep Singh, Executive Director-
Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC
Landran, Mohali
The future of engineering education in India is poised for
significant transformation as the country adapts to emerging
trends, technological advancements, and changing industry
requirements. Several key factors will shape the future of
engineering education, including the integration of emerging
technologies, emphasis on interdisciplinary learning, industry-
academia collaborations, personalised and flexible learning
approaches, and a focus on innovation and entrepreneurship.
One of the most significant trends that will shape the
future of engineering education in India is the integration
of emerging technologies. Fields such as artificial intelligence,
robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and data
science are rapidly evolving and transforming industries.
Engineering education will need to incorporate these
emerging technologies into the curriculum, allowing students
to gain hands-on experience and develop the necessary skills
to navigate the digital era. This integration will require faculty
training, investment in modern infrastructure, and
collaboration with industry experts to stay abreast of the
latest advancements.
Interdisciplinary learning will also play a crucial role in
the future of engineering education. The complex challenges
of the 21st century require engineers with a broad knowledge
base and the ability to work across disciplines. Integrating
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CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
subjects like computer science, electronics, mechanical
engineering, and biotechnology will foster cross-disciplinary
collaboration and encourage innovative problem-solving.
Engineering institutions will need to create flexible academic
programmes that allow students to explore diverse disciplines
and acquire a holistic understanding of complex systems.
Industry-academia collaborations will continue gaining
importance in shaping engineering education’s future. Close
ties with industries will enable engineering institutions to
understand current industry needs, provide students with
real-world exposure, and bridge the gap between academia
and industry. Collaboration can take various forms, such as
internships, joint research projects, guest lectures, and
mentorship programs. This collaboration will not only
enhance students’ employability but also contribute to
research and development activities, fostering innovation and
technological advancements.
Personalised and flexible learning approaches will gain
traction in engineering education in India. Each student has
unique strengths, learning styles, and career aspirations.
Personalised learning will leverage technology to tailor
educational experiences to individual needs, allowing students
to learn at their own pace and focus on areas that interest
them. Flexible learning options, such as online courses and
blended learning models, will provide greater accessibility
and convenience for students. Adaptive learning platforms
and data analytics will enable educators to track students’
progress and provide targeted support when needed.
Furthermore, the future of engineering education in India
will strongly emphasise innovation and entrepreneurship. The
demand for engineers who can drive innovation and create
startups is growing. Engineering institutions will foster a
culture of innovation by promoting research and
development, providing incubation support, and offering
entrepreneurship programs. Students will be encouraged to
develop a problem-solving mindset, think critically, and apply
engineering principles to create innovative solutions that
address societal challenges.
Dr. Manish Prateek, Professor and Dean, SOES,
G D Goenka University
The future of Engineering education and career has always
been getting better. With Industry 4.0, a revolution is around
the corner which is going to change the way engineering is
perceived by many. The interdisciplinary approach of the
new Education Policy 2020 is going to act as fuel to the fire.
The campuses will have to gear up for the next big change
in the engineering domain. Experiential learning is going to
create new-age engineers who will be more towards product
development than the current service-oriented structure.
Government policies, industrial changes, new-age
technologies and faculty member internships are going to
bring in a highly positive change in the field of engineering
education. In fact, the industry is also gearing up to partner
with Intuitions for knowledge creation, enabling the new
generation to become future-ready engineers with lifelong
learning capabilities.
Dr. (Mrs.) Amita Dev, Vice Chancellor, Delhi Skill
and Entrepreneurship University (DSEU)
The future of engineering education in India holds
significant potential with the integration of the National
Education Policy (NEP 2020) guidelines and the inclusion
of disruptive technologies. The future lies in interdisciplinary
96
learning, encouraging engineering
students to explore a wide range of
subjects beyond their core disciplines.
This approach promotes holistic
development, fosters creativity and
critical thinking, and equips students
with a broader perspective to address
complex real-world problems. The rapid
advancements in emerging technologies
are reshaping the engineering landscape.
The future of engineering education in India will incorporate
these technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet
of Things (IoT), robotics, and data analytics, into the
curriculum. This integration will prepare students to work
with cutting-edge tools and technologies, fostering innovation
and enhancing their competitiveness in the global market.
In conclusion, the future of engineering education in India
is poised for significant transformation, driven by the NEP
guidelines and the integration of disruptive technologies.
This transformation will promote interdisciplinary learning,
practical experiences, emerging technologies, digital tools,
research and innovation, inclusivity, and lifelong learning.
By embracing these changes, engineering education in India
can produce skilled and adaptable professionals capable of
tackling challenges and leveraging future opportunities.
Mr. Praveen Thakral, Chairman, Oriental Group of
Institutes
The future of engineering is very promising all over the
world. Although the gap between theoretical and practical
aspects of engineering is quite wide in India today, the
future holds exciting sea changes and advanced options.
The transformation shall not just be due to technological
changes but also because of societal transformation.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) shall be the mantra
of the future, bringing a new paradigm shift in engineering.
Here are some potential trends and developments that could
shape the landscape:
Technological integration: Engineering education is
likely to become increasingly integrated with emerging
technologies. Institutes are adopting advanced tools like
virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and artificial
intelligence (AI) to enhance the learning experience. These
technologies simulate real-world scenarios, enabling students
to gain practical skills in a more immersive and engaging
manner.
Emphasis on interdisciplinary learning: Engineering
education is expected to move beyond traditional silos and
encourage interdisciplinary learning. With technological
advancements and the increasing complexity of real-world
problems, engineers need to have a broader understanding
of various fields to develop innovative solutions. Integrating
subjects like data science, artificial intelligence, sustainability,
and entrepreneurship into engineering curricula may become
more common.
Industry-academia collaboration: There could be a
greater focus on collaboration to bridge the gap between
academia and industry. Engineering institutions are
establishing stronger ties with industries to develop curricula
aligned with industry needs, offer internships and
apprenticeships, and involve industry professionals in guest
lectures and mentoring. This collaboration enhances the
practical skills of engineering graduates and improves their
employability.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Blended and online learning : Technology-enabled
learning methods such as blended learning and online courses
are likely to gain prominence. These approaches allow
students to access educational resources from anywhere, at
any time, and at their own pace. Online platforms, virtual
labs, and simulation tools enhance the learning experience
and provide opportunities for hands-on practice. This mode
of education also caters to the needs of working
professionals and promotes lifelong learning.
Project-based and experiential learning : Engineering
education may shift towards project-based and experiential
learning methodologies. Hands-on projects, design challenges,
and real-world problem-solving exercises provide students
with practical skills and foster innovation and creativity.
Collaborative projects with industry and community partners
are encouraged to address societal challenges and enhance
the social impact of engineering education.
Entrepreneurship and innovation : The future of
engineering education in India may witness a stronger
emphasis on entrepreneurship and innovation. Engineering
institutions are promoting entrepreneurial mindsets and
supporting students to transform their ideas into viable
startups. Incubation centres, mentorship programmes, and
funding opportunities are being established to nurture the
entrepreneurial ecosystem and encourage the development
of technology-driven startups.
Ethical and sustainable engineering : With increasing
awareness of environmental and social concerns, engineering
education is likely to integrate ethics and sustainability into
the curriculum. Future engineers may be trained to consider
their work’s environmental and societal impacts and develop
sustainable and socially responsible solutions. The
engineering curriculum may integrate courses on Ethics,
Social Sciences, and Sustainable Development.
It’s important to note that these trends are speculative
and based on current observations. The actual future of
engineering education in India will depend on various factors,
including technological advancements, policy decisions, and
evolving industry needs.
98
Dr. R.K. Gupta, Professor of Mechanical Engineering
School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics
Engineering, Manipal University, Jaipur
The future of engineering in India related to the
Interdisciplinary Approach, Integration of Emerging
Technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning,
Robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), and Blockchain will
likely impact engineering education. Curricula may be
updated to incorporate these technologies, ensuring that
students are equipped with the necessary skills to navigate
the digital age. There is a need for greater collaboration
between Industry and academia to bridge the gap between
them. This could involve industry experts delivering guest
lectures, joint research projects, internships, and giving hands-
on training to provide students with practical industry
exposure. The importance of soft skills such as
communication, teamwork, leadership, and adaptability is
gaining recognition. In the future, engineering education in
India may continue to embrace online and blended learning
models to enhance accessibility, flexibility, and reach.
Q. Do you feel the need to redefine
engineering education in India,
especially in post-Covid times?
Prof. (Dr.) Rajdeep Singh, Executive Director-
Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College-CGC
Landran, Mohali
Yes, there is a pressing need to redefine engineering education
in India, particularly in the post-Covid times. The pandemic
has significantly impacted the education sector, forcing a
reevaluation of traditional teaching and learning methods.
Engineering education, in particular, must adapt to changing
circumstances to ensure its relevance and effectiveness. Several
vital areas require attention and redefinition, including
education delivery, curriculum design, assessment methods,
skill development, and industry collaboration.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Firstly, education delivery needs to be reimagined
to leverage technolog y and incorporate blended
learning models. The pandemic has highlighted the
importance of remote and online learning, and these
modalities can continue to play a significant role in the
future. Engineering institutions should invest in robust online
platforms, virtual laboratories, and simulation tools to
facilitate remote learning. Blended learning approaches and
combining online lectures with in-person practical sessions
can provide flexibility while ensuring hands-on experience
and collaboration.
Secondly, curriculum design needs to be more agile and
adaptable to cater to changing industry needs and
technological advancements. The pandemic has accelerated
digital transformation, and engineering education must reflect
these changes. Integrating emerging technologies, such as
artificial intelligence, data science, cybersecurity, and
sustainable engineering, should be prioritised. Flexibility in
curriculum design can enable students to customise their
learning paths based on their interests and career aspirations,
fostering interdisciplinary skills and a holistic understanding
of complex systems.
Assessment methods should also be redefined to assess
not only theoretical knowledge but also practical skills and
problem-solving abilities. Traditional examinations based
solely on memorisation may not effectively evaluate a
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
student’s competence in real-world scenarios. Implementing
project-based assessments, case studies, and industry
internships can comprehensively evaluate a student’s
capabilities. Emphasis should be placed on critical thinking,
innovation, and the ability to apply knowledge to practical
situations.
Skill development is another crucial aspect that needs
attention. Besides technical skills, engineering education
must focus on nurturing transferable skills such as
communication, teamwork, adaptability, and
entrepreneurship. These skills are essential for success in
the rapidly changing professional landscape and will enhance
graduates’ employability. Integration of skill development
modules, internships, and experiential learning opportunities
within the curriculum can foster the holistic development
of engineering students.
Industry collaboration has become even more critical
in the post-Covid era. Engineering institutions must
strengthen their ties with industries to ensure that the
curricula remain aligned with the needs of Industry and
expose students to real-world challenges. Industry experts
can contribute to curriculum design, deliver guest lectures,
mentor students, and offer internship opportunities.
Collaboration can also facilitate research and development
partnerships, promoting innovation and technological
advancements.
99
CSR-GHRDC Engineering Colleges Survey 2023
Moreover, the pandemic has highlighted the importance
of resilience, adaptability, and problem-solving skills in
engineering education. Engineering institutions must foster
an entrepreneurial mindset and encourage students to develop
innovative solutions to address societal challenges. Incubation
centres, startup support, and entrepreneurship programs can
enable students to transform their ideas into impactful
ventures.
In conclusion, redefining engineering education in India
is imperative, especially in the post-Covid times. The
pandemic has necessitated a shift towards online and blended
learning, a more agile curriculum design, revamped
assessment methods, enhanced skill development, and
strengthened industry collaboration. By embracing these
changes, engineering institutions can prepare students to
thrive in the evolving professional landscape, contribute to
the country’s development, and meet the challenges of the
future.
Dr. Manish Prateek, Professor and Dean, SOES,
G D Goenka University
It was already being redefined a decade back. It all started
with Industry-oriented programmes in Computer Science
and Engineering. The next step is creating engineering
programmes with dual specialisation in association with
respective Industry partners. With NEP enabling such ideas,
it is gaining momentum, and very soon, the results will be
there to see. Covid or no Covid, these changes were going
to happen. Industry 4.0, Smart Planet and Sustainable
Development are going to drive the next phase of education
and Industry.
Dr. (Mrs.) Amita Dev, Vice Chancellor, Delhi Skill
and Entrepreneurship University (DSEU)
Yes, the need to redefine engineering education in
India, especially in post-Covid times, is paramount.
The Covid-19 pandemic has brought significant disruptions
to the education sector, including engineering education.
It has highlighted the limitations of traditional classroom-
based learning and the importance of embracing
new approaches and technologies to ensure a resilient
and future-ready engineering workforce. The pandemic
has accelerated digital transformation across industries,
and engineering education needs to align with these changes.
I am delighted to bring the fact that we have embraced
digital tools, online learning platforms, and remote
collaboration technologies so well that the transformation
was seamless and uninterrupted during Covid times. The
pandemic has underscored the importance of
interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing complex global
challenges. Engineering education should incorporate
interdisciplinary learning experiences, promoting collaboration
with other fields such as healthcare, data science, and
sustainability. This will equip future engineers with the skills
needed to tackle real-world problems effectively. Close
collaboration between academia and Industry is crucial to
bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical
skills. Post-Covid, Industry-academia partnerships need to
strengthen and provide more opportunities for internships,
industry projects, and apprenticeships. This will enhance the
students’ understanding of the Industry’s requirements and
increase their employability. The Covid-19 pandemic has had
100
a significant impact on the mental health and well-being
of everyone. Educational institutions should
prioritise student support services and mental health
resources and create a supportive and inclusive learning
environment. This will help students cope with the challenges
and uncertainties they may face during their engineering
education journey.
Mr. Praveen Thakral, Chairman, Oriental Group of
Institutes
The future of Engineering is uncertain but not dreadful.
There is an urgent need to redefine Engineering, learning
lessons from the Covid times. The post-Covid phase has
helped us to bounce back and rethink differently. We have
to strengthen online platforms and job opportunities, relate
engineering with the medical field and create engaging e-
commerce platforms. Courses have to be revised and
updated, keeping in view the areas of Data Science and
Data Analytics. Core Engineering must be structured to
meet the Industry requirements.
Teaching-learning platforms can be kept on track by using
simulation software or virtual labs. Open learning platforms
have to be utilised for the up-skilling of the students. The
evaluation system can have credit points to be earned
through certification courses.
The structured curriculum should be flexible and
all-embracing, inviting various non-engineering streams to
gel with the engineering base and hone students’ analytical
skills and industry-expected skill sets through assessments.
It will depend on different people, their mindsets and
cultures to design an encompassing engineering base to
attract talented students in future.
AI, Deep Learning, ML and a few other technologies
will be taught to encroach on different domains, in
the sense that an engineer shall render services in
areas beyond the IT industry. Multi-disciplinary, multi-
skilled humans and competing & governing machines
shall be delivered as byproducts of the Engineering Industry.
So the need of the hour is to gear up the entire Engineering
sector to meet oncoming challenges and brace for
changes.
Dr. R K Gupta, Professor of Mechanical Engineering
School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics
Engineering, Manipal University, Jaipur
Yes, redefining engineering education in India in
post-Covid times is necessary to face future
challenges because the pandemic emphasised the
importance of digital literacy and skills. Engineering
education should focus on developing students’ digital skills,
such as proficiency in online collaboration tools, data analysis,
programming, and virtual simulations. These skills are
becoming increasingly valuable in the modern engineering
landscape. The post-Covid era may require engineers to
collaborate across disciplines and work on interdisciplinary
projects. It’s worth noting that redefining engineering
education requires the involvement of various stakeholders,
including educational institutions, industry partners,
policymakers, and accrediting bodies. The strategies and
approaches to redefine engineering education in India will
depend on a comprehensive analysis of the challenges,
opportunities and emerging trends in the post-Covid
landscape.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 SONA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
SALEM, TAMILNADU
BUILT ON SIX DECADES OF EXCELLENCE IN TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Established in 1997, Sona College of
Technology is founded on the strong
values of the Sona Group of Educational
Institutions that has in its fold
Thiagarajar Polytechnic College known
for preparing technical talent in 12
streams for 65 years, Sona College of
Arts and Science that helps students
pursue higher learning, among others.
The Group’s six decades of legacy of
excellence in technical education has led
to a strong alumni base of over 2,00,000.
In its 25 years, the College has focused
on innovation, pioneering technology
adoption, and strengthening industry-
academia connect with the singular
objective of equipping students with
valuable employability and life skills.
The autonomous College affiliated
with Anna University offers 10
undergraduate courses and 11
postgraduate courses in Engineering,
Master of Computer Applications and
Master of Business Administration and
Ph.D. in various disciplines. An ISO-
certified institution, Sona has to its credit
NAAC A Grade and all its eligible
programmes are NBA accredited.
The fifty-acre sprawling campus is
located centrally in Salem, a vibrant
smart city. The lush campus with
certified green buildings offers world-
class recreation facilities, including a
modern gym, swimming pool, spacious
playgrounds and homely hostels to
ensure students’ holistic development.
The friendly mentorship of highly
experienced faculty helps students
perform beyond expectations.
Since its inception in 1997, the College
has emerged with a strong focus in the
areas of research, innovation,
employability and entrepreneurship to
help students nurture their interests and
overcome challenges that come their
way.
AT THE FOREFRONT OF
RESEARCH
The research, innovation, business
incubation and entrepreneurship eco-
system aligns with the Digital India and
Skill India programmes and provides
immense avenues for hands-on practical
exposure for students to apply their
knowledge and find solutions.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
The College’s 36 Advanced Research
Centres conduct inter-disciplinary
research, making their mark in areas like
space technology, industrial and societal
applications. Sona College of
Technology has 146 Doctorates on the
campus. During 2021, our faculty
members have published more than 550
research papers in various journals, two
times more than the previous year.
Several Academic Projects (In-house) are
currently ongoing.
INDUSTRY CONNECT AND
PLACEMENT
At Sona College of Technology, the
course syllabus is designed to suit the
industry’s futuristic needs. Further, a
technology-driven innovative teaching-
learning methodology is in place.
The placement record of Sona College
of Technology has been maintained
consistently at 100% with the highest
salary package in the range of Rs. 30
lakhs and average CTC in the range of
Rs. 4.5 to Rs.3.5 lakhs. During the
pandemic year 2020-21, the College
placed 94% of its students. The College’s
major recruiters include some of the
most reputed IT companies. In all, 170
leading core companies picked top
talents at the campus.
The College beat its previous year’s
placement score in 2021-22.
The placement cell was able to train
students to clinch high-paying jobs. As
many as 1,317 offers were made by 188
companies, while 560 students got
multiple job offers. The highest salary
package was Rs. 20 lakhs with an average
CTC of Rs. 4.5 lakhs per annum.
10 AWARDS IN 1 YEAR!
The College has been a consistent
national award winner. The College
received a haul of national awards:
● ARIIA award
● AICTE – CII award
● Utkrisht Santan Vishwakarma Award
● Smart India Hackathon SIH Award
● AICTE Visvesvaraya Best Teacher
Award
● AICTE – CII Mentor Award
● BCIC – Visionary Leader Award
● FICCI Award
● AICTE Lilavati Award
● Bhumi Campus Awards 2022
Dr. SRR Senthil Kumar
Principal
Sona College of Technology
The College continue its
achievements:
● Sona College team of four faculty
members and a student won the
AICTE’s Lilavati Award 2022 under
the Women Innovators’ theme.
● Sona College secured ARIIA 2021
“Band-Excellent” ranking, which is
next to the 1-5 ranking in the
category of “Self-Financed Colleges
(Technical).”
● Sona College of Technology won
three prizes in the national level
Innowah 2022 contest held by PALS,
an educational initiative by volunteers
from the Alumni Fraternity of
various IITs. The ECE Department’s
Mediband was considered for
Incubation Worthy Category.
● Students won the Wikimedia
Hackathon 2022, organised by
Wikimedia Foundation and City JS
India.
● Anna University, Chennai, has
awarded Sona College of Technology
the Best NSS Unit Award.
Yes, it has been raining awards! The
Institute is committed to continuously
making a mark in the education sector,
where the sky is the limit!
The experiences and relationships
gained at Sona College of Technology
are unmatched and last a lifetime. The
alumni make a mark globally and
proudly proclaim, “Not just any other
college, but Sona College.”
101
 JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY, NOIDA
A Leading Private ‘Deemed to be University’ in Northern India
Jaypee Institute of Information Students can opt for a minor
Technology (JIIT), Noida, was accorded specialisation along with a major
the status of “Deemed to be University” specialisation in B.Tech. program, e.g.,
under section 3 of the UGC Act 1956 a student doing a major in ECE can opt
by the Ministry of Human Resource for a minor in CSE/IT/BT. In addition,
Development (MHRD) in 2004. JIIT is students of all B.Tech. programs can opt
a multidisciplinary University and is a for a minor in AI & ML, Cyber Security
Centre-of-Excellence for education, and Data Analytics. Students have the
training, research, innovations and IPR option to pursue a minor in Universal
in the field of IT, CSE, ECE and Human Values (UHV). Students are also
Biotechnology, Physics, Mathematics, awarded Proficiency Certificates in niche
areas like AI, IoT, DA, ML, Cyber
Humanities & Social Sciences and
Management. A NAAC-accredited and Security, Cloud Computing etc.
The flexible curriculum contains
AICTE-approved Institute, JIIT has
been ranked 94th in the 2022 India substantial laboratory training, project
Ranking in the Engineering Category by work and industrial exposure with an
NIRF. emphasis on hands-on experience, which
The Institute presently offers ensures high employability of the
Undergraduate (B.Tech., B.Sc., BCA & students, as evident from the high rate
BBA), Postgraduate (M.Tech., MBA, of campus placements.
M.Sc.) and Ph.D. programs. Two Over the years, a good number of
new B.Tech. programs in emerging students have gone for higher studies
technologies have been introduced at abroad in renowned universities such as
JIIT from AY 2023-24, namely B.Tech. Stanford, Oxford, CMU, Cornell,
Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design Georgia Tech, Purdue, Florida,
and Technology) and B.Tech. Electronics California, NUS Singapore, etc. At the
and Communication (Advanced national level, students are getting
Communication Technology). admission to some of the premier
institutions like IITs,
IIMs, IISc etc., for
postgraduate studies.
The Institute has
a robust academic
environment aimed
at research, with more
than 5,313 research
papers published and
has received 110
research grants from
various government
agencies worth over
Rs. 23.12 crore. Out
of 297 permanent
faculty members, 253
are Ph.D. There are
102 well-equipped
state-of-the-art
Laboratories and 29
cultural, hobbies and
technical clubs. A very
strong alumni network
of 17,012 includes
283 Doctoral, 1,544
M.Tech, 1,712 MBA,
and 12,889 B.Tech.
The Institute has a
regular student exchange
Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida program with global
universities such as the
102
University of Florida at Gainesville,
USA.
JIIT has a well-secured, clean, green and
ideal campus for national and inter-
national students pursuing higher studies.
Institute has environmentally conditioned
state-of-the-art infrastructure.
JIIT has established a Directorate of
Research, Innovation and Development
(RID) to create an eco-system of
innovation by involving bright and
innovative faculty and students.
JIIT has declared the current decade
(2021-2030) as the “Innovation
Decade”. JIIT has also set up a digital
learning platform, Digital Learning
Centre (DLC).
DLC comprises of state-of-the-art
multimedia studio, discussion and
chroma studios, a 100-seater review cum
lecture room supported by automated
control, editing, and simulation and
animation infrastructure. DLC will
endeavour to prepare digital content
beyond mere classroom recordings of
lectures and with rich simulation and
animation content. Artificial Intelligence
will power DLC digital content by
incorporating student-centric
automation, content enhancement and
adaptive learning concepts. Activities
and programmes of DLC will be
designed and developed to feed into the
online and blended mode of education,
with an objective of providing rich
engineering, science and social science
and empowering education to a larger
number of student population located
in remote areas at reduced cost
at the national level. DLC was
inaugurated by Prof. T.G. Sitharam,
Chairman, AICTE, on 15 May 2023.
The Institute stresses grooming the
students as per current industry
requirements. About 180 companies such
as Adobe, Amazon, Amazon Web
Services, Atlassian, DE Shaw, Grofers,
Interview Bit, Goldman Sachs, Google
India, ZS Associates, Ernst & Young, SAP
Labs, Morgan Stanley, Infosys, Wipro,
Ola, HSBC, Deloitte, HCL, Byjus,
Cognizant, Wipro, DXC Technology,
Dailyhunt, Hashedln, AXA-XL, Ericsson,
Samsung, Reliance Jio, etc. visit the
campus every year. For the 2023 batch,
there have been over 134% placement
offers, 94% placements and the maximum
international package by Amazon
(EMEA) of INR 1.15 crore in 2022
& domestic package by Atlassian of
Rs. 82.89 lakh in 2023.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING
COLLEGE (AKGEC), GHAZIABAD
SCALING THE ZENITH OF EXCELLENCE
Driven by its commitment to provide quality technical education, Ajay
Kumar Garg Engineering College has become one of the best
Engineering Institutions in Uttar Pradesh.
Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering
College (AKGEC), Ghaziabad, Uttar
Pradesh is approved by AICTE and
affiliated to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
Technical University, Lucknow. The
college was established in 1998 and has
six engineering departments offering
B.Tech Courses in twelve disciplines.
The college also offers postgraduate
courses in Computer Application (MCA)
and M.Tech in four engineering
disciplines. All five major B.Tech
Programs are accredited by NBA.
The college has attained another
remarkable achievement by becoming
the only Engineering college in UP
(AKTU) to be awarded A++ grading
by NAAC.
AKGEC has excellent infrastructure
with state-of-the-art laboratories,
computing facilities, automated library
with e-journals, modern well furnished
hostels for 1500 students and faculty
residences on its wi-fi enabled 40 acres
campus.
The college also has highly qualified
and experienced faculty lead by its
Director General, Dr R.K. Agarwal, who
is an alumnus of IIT Kanpur, CIT, UK
and IISc Bangalore with vast teaching,
research and administrative experience.
The college has been consistently
maintaining excellent results. The college
students have received the Chancellor’s
Gold Medal for best performance across
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
all B.Tech branches for five consecutive
years, since its inception in 2016. AKTU
Distinguished Alumnus Award has
also been bagged only by AKGEC
students for 2 consecutive years since
its inception in 2020.
The college also conducts a number
of industrially relevant programs to make
its students globally competitive. During
the last year over 2000 students have
been placed in reputed companies
including Accenture, Adobe India,
Amazon, Birla soft, Capgemini,
Cognizant, DLT Labs, Google India,
HCL Technologies, HSBC Technology
India, IBM, Infosys, Tech Mahindra etc.
and many more good number of
students have been placed with packages
above Rs.10/20/30 lacs with the highest
being Rs. 1.12 crore per annum.
The college has established a number
of Centres of Excellence in collaboration
with eminent multinational industries.
These include Industrial Robotic
Training Centre in collaboration with
Kuka Robotics, Centre of Competence
in Automation Technologies with Bosch
Rexroth, LabVIEW Academy with
National Instruments, Product Life
Cycle Management (PLM) Centre
with SIEMENS, Drives & Control
Lab with Mitsubishi Electric, Industrial
Pneumatic Knowledge Centre with
Janatics India and a Competency
Development Centre in Integrated
Automation with
Automation Indu-
stries Association
and industry
partners like
Pepperl & Fuchs,
B&R, Festo
and Siemens.
The primary
objective of these
centres is to
provide indu-
strially relevant
training in these
Dr. R.K. Agarwal
Director General
Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering
College (AKGEC), Ghaziabad
inter-disciplinary state-of-art
technologies to bridge the gap between
academic curriculum and industry needs.
These centres also promote research and
industrial consultancies.
To expand the outreach of this facility
and to align its objective with “Skill India
Mission”, AKGEC Skills Foundation has
been established as a funded training
partner of National Skill Development
Corporation (NSDC). Under this
program, Advance Welding Technology
and Advance Manufacturing Centre have
been established. The college has
also got approval under the One District
One Product (OPOP) scheme of
U.P. State Government to establishment
of a Common Facility Centre for
Engineering Goods Manufacturing
industries of the region.
AKGEC believes in setting audacious
goals and infusing fresh ideas to
achieve the same. The college plans
to promote collaborative industry
relevant projects, R&D, and consultancy
to raise the overall academic standard
as well as to bridge the gap between
academic curriculum and industry
requirements to make its students
globally competitive.
103
 CHANDIGARH GROUP OF COLLEGES
The Centre Of Academic Excellence & Research
Chandigarh Group of Colleges (CGC)
Landran, Mohali, has continually strived
to strengthen its position as a centre of
academic excellence and research. With
a remarkable and rich legacy of 22 years,
CGC’s unique proposition of offering
affordable, quality education is
characterised by its emphasis on student-
centric learning, creating a positive
atmosphere inspiring teachers to adopt
innovative approaches to teaching,
ensuring equitable access to educational
materials and resources, and properly
assessing and evaluating student
progress.
CGC has always worked towards
building students’ critical thinking,
problem-solving, and communication
skills and providing quality professional
development for teachers. High
standards of education enable students
to pursue their fullest potential, develop
their talents, and contribute to society.
The Institute has a robust research
and innovation cell, ACIC RISE,
supported by NITI Aayog, GoI, which
includes organisational structures,
funding for research projects, research
centres, and research partnerships. It has
also supported innovation-focused
competitions, scholarships, and
incubators to foster new ideas and instil
the spirit of entrepreneurship among
students and faculty. The goal of the
innovation cell is to create knowledge
and solutions that can be used to solve
complex problems and global challenges.
Innovation often involves risk-taking
and out-of-the-box thinking. For this
reason, CGC offers mentorship and
support to creative entrepreneurs
striving to bring discoveries from the
lab to the market. Additionally, they
provide avenues for social and economic
development in the form of new
inventions, applications, and services.
To date, CGC has received various
grants, to the tune of Rs. 17 crore, from
distinct government and private
entities to boost the culture of
innovation further and infuse the spirit
of entrepreneurship in students through
new start-up ideas.
It is worth noting that CGC Landran
has successfully filed several patents over
the years. Recognising the same, in the
104
Landran, Mohali
survey conducted by the Controller
General of Patents, Design and
Trademark and Geographical Indicators,
GoI, 2021-22, CGC Landran ranked
among the Top 10 patent filing academic
institutes and universities, bagging the
4th Rank for the 5th consecutive year,
Pan India. CGC has been conferred
with many awards and accreditations in
recognition of its outstanding legacy.
It has also been featured in the
prestigious NBA, NIRF, ARIIA, and IIC
Rankings at the pan-India level.
Over all these years, CGC Landran
has carved a niche for itself by
establishing its identity as one of the Prof. (Dr.) Rajdeep Singh
region’s best higher education Executive Director—
institutions offering outstanding Engineering Director-Principal
placements. A dedicated, 360-degree Chandigarh Engineering College-
Training and Placement Program CGC Landran, Mohali
ensures that CGC graduates undergo
intense training and thorough practice such as Mauritius, UAE, USA, France,
of interpersonal and aptitude skills to Belgium, etc. The Institute also has
make them industry-ready professionals. around 50+ industrial and international
After winning awards for three university collaborations with the best
consecutive years, CGC Landran
names across, which, as proffered by
has been bestowed with the “National CGC, allows its students to enhance
Employability Award 2022” by
their skills as per the existing market
Aspiring Minds for being amongst the trends and requirements. Through
Top 10% of colleges in India that
experiential learning, students become
excelled as per the promising standards adept in critical thinking, problem-
of AMCAT.
solving, communication, and
CGC Landran has achieved excellent interpersonal skills.
graduate employability rates over the
More so, to inculcate the spirit of
years. The College has made a name for service towards society at large, many
itself by setting the highest placement
ISR activities are carried on as Blood
records, with the package offered going Donation camps, Medical Camps, Tree
up to Rs. 45.5 lakh, with nine students Plantation Drives, Food Distribution
placed with Amazon Development
during the pandemic, etc. Not to leave
Center India at a handsome package of
behind the extra co-curricular activities,
Rs. 44.14 lakh, this year alone. CGC’s
placement offering is split into sectors the students are made to participate in
sports, cultural, technical, and non-
that include Engineering, Management,
Biotech, Pharmacy, Hotel Management, technical competitions at the college,
state, and international levels, helping
Commerce, and Computer Applications.
Employers who have been regularly them boost their confidence level and
making them more outgoing.
hiring graduates from CGC include
Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Capgemini, The campus at CGC is beautiful,
Hyatt, Dominos, Oberoi, Zenex green, and vibrant. It provides an
Partners, Proelio Technologies, Pyramid amiable, culturally diverse, safe, and
Consulting, HDFC Bank, Bose, Practo, secure environment for its students and
and Flipkart, to name a few. teachers to learn, interact and thrive
Other placements include while helping the Institution live up to
international internships, exchange its motto of ‘Building Careers
programs, and job offers from countries Transforming Lives’.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Empowering Women in Engineering:
The Rise of Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical
University for Women (IGDTUW), Delhi
Established in 2013 with a vision to
provide exceptional education and research
opportunities to women, IGDTUW has
rapidly emerged as a leading institution in
the field of engineering and technology.
With a focus on placements, industry
collaboration, cutting-edge research, and
holistic development, IGDTUW is
transforming the landscape of engineering
education for aspiring women professionals.
The IGDTUW Difference
IGDTUW offers high-quality teaching in
a competitive research environment and
emphasis on creating new knowledge
through research, development, and
innovation. Various departments of the
University are engaged in sponsored research
projects with leading industry players and
organisations such as Microsoft, Atmel,
Nokia, and the Department of Science &
Technology, among others.
State-of-The-Art Infrastructure
IGDTUW has made substantial
investments in state-of-the-art infrastructure
and cutting-edge laboratories to redefine
excellence in engineering education. From
the establishment of the latest AR/VR lab,
Centres of Excellence in Artificial
Intelligence & Mechatronics, to the
acquisition of the Nvidia DGX A100 GPU
Server, IGDTUW demonstrates its
commitment towards technological
advancement and fostering creativity and
critical thinking among its students.
IGDTUW’s Array of
Cutting-Edge Courses
IGDTUW offers diverse undergraduate
and postgraduate programs in fields such as
Engineering, Architecture, Management, and
Humanities. The curriculum is continuously
updated by industry experts and academicians
to stay updated with emerging knowledge.
The University emphasis on practical skills
and contemporary knowledge to prepare
students for success in their chosen fields. It
is implementing the National Education Policy
(NEP)-2020, which promotes holistic and
multidisciplinary learning.
IGDTUW’s Stellar Placement
Record
IGDTUW has achieved remarkable
success in placements, with 100% of students
being placed and many receiving multiple
offers. The University’s training and
placement program extends globally, with
students receiving the highest international
offers. Leading companies recognise the
potential of IGDTUW students, with
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Amazon (Dublin) offering the highest
package of Rs. 1.2 crore and an impressive
average CTC of Rs. 20.06 LPA. Internships
are also thriving, with Uber offering the
highest stipend of Rs. 1.6 lakhs per month,
showcasing the practical skills and knowledge
of IGDTUW students.
Awards and Recognitions
IGDTUW has garnered several awards
and recognitions, including being recognised
as a Zero Waste and Zero Plastic campus
by MCD Delhi. It secured the 40th position
in the prestigious “World’s Universities with
Real Impact (WURI) rankings” in 2023 and
the 8th position in the special category of
entrepreneurial spirit. The University
has been bestowed the University of the
Year 2022 award for Best Placement
Opportunities by FICCI and has earned
designations such as E Lead Institute for
Academic Digitisation by QS I QUAGE. Its
vision and commitment to empowerment
have been acknowledged through awards
such as the “Shrimati Sushma Swaraj Stree
Shakti Samman”, “CSR Top University in
Innovation Award,” and “NPTEL Highest
Rating of ‘AAA’ Grade.”
Industrial Collaborations
IGDTUW bridges the gap between
academia and industry through collaborations
with renowned companies and institutions.
Partnerships with the United Kingdom
Research and Innovation Lab, NASSCOM,
CISCO, Moykop State Technological
University in Russia, and National Ping Tung
University in Taiwan facilitate faculty and
student exchanges and research opportunities.
These collaborations highlight IGDTUW’s
commitment to global engagement and
creating a thriving educational environment.
The University has a partnership with IBM
India Private Ltd for technology and research,
fostering innovation and cutting-edge
advancements in various disciplines.
Fostering Innovators
and Entrepreneurs
IGDTUW Anveshan Foundation,
established in 2016 with financial support
from the Delhi State Government, is
recognised as a ‘Technical Business
Incubator’ by the Department of Science &
Technology (DST), Government of India.
The foundation recently received a sanction
of INR 4.5 Crore from DST for the next
five years to support its initiatives. The
foundation established an IoT and Robotics
Lab called ‘thingQbator’ worth INR 60
lakhs, collaborating with CISCO and
NASSCOM Foundation.
Dr. (Mrs.) Amita Dev
Vice Chancellor,
Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical
University for Women (IGDTUW)
IGDTUW’s Influential Alumni
Network
The influential alumni network of
IGDTUW plays a vital role in fostering a
strong bond between the University and its
graduates. The IGDTUW Alumni Society
(IAS) connects the University with accom-
plished alumni who have secured internships
and positions in prestigious companies like
Facebook, Microsoft, Adobe, Cisco, and SAP
Labs, among others. Many alumni pursue
higher studies at esteemed institutions such
as Johns Hopkins University, CMU, and the
University of California, Berkeley.
IGDTUW’s Scholarships and
Financial Support
The University offers scholarships and
financial support schemes, including
government initiatives like Merit Scholarship
and Post Matric Scholarship. Collaborations
with industries such as Schneider Electric,
ERRICSON, Eaton, and DLF provide
additional financial aid. Through a
partnership with HCTS under the ‘Katalyst’
program, students receive comprehensive
support for their holistic development. The
Shraman Foundation offers scholarships
recognising exceptional talent. IGDTUW
grants 100% tuition fee waivers based on
JEE rankings and for top-ranked students
from economically weaker sections,
promoting equal opportunities and enabling
students to pursue their educational goals.
In conclusion, IGDTUW is a trailblazing
institution transforming engineering
education for women. At IGDTUW, we
firmly believe that the sky is the limit, and
we leave no stone unturned in nurturing
and empowering our students to reach
unprecedented heights.
105
 Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University)
Mullana-Ambala (Haryana)
Shaping Lives amid a Vibrant and Engaging Campus
Commencing its journey with the
establishment of MM Engineering College
at Mullana with affiliation from
Kurukshetra University in 1995, the MM
Education Trust soon thereafter established
MM Group comprising other institutions
of Medical, Pharmacy, Dental,
Management, Nursing, Hotel Management,
Physiotherapy, Computer Technology, etc.
at Mullana-Ambala. Attaining name and
fame in their respective spheres, these
institutions were conferred with the
Deemed to be University status by the
Govt. of India under Section 3 of the UGC
Act, 1956 w.e.f. June 2007. Meanwhile, the
teaching and research in the disciplines of
Law and Agriculture have also been
introduced.
As is obvious, the MM(DU) is a multi-
faculty Deemed to be University offering
around 200 undergraduate and postgraduate
courses including Ph.D. in various
disciplines under the above faculties.
MM(DU) has been Accredited with its
highest Grade ‘A++’ by NAAC
and is proud to be a part of Top 3%
Institutions of India.
MMDU has achieved the following
prestigious Rankings & Accreditations:
✶ Times Higher Education
(THE) World University Rankings
2023
MM (DU) has been placed in the Rank
Band 601-800 amongst the Top
Universities of the World by the Times
Higher Education (THE) World
University Rankings 2023 and in rank
band 401-500 in the Clinical & Health
Subject Rankings of the THE- 2023.
✶ QS Asia University Rankings 2023
MM(DU) is ranked at 174th place in the
Southern Asia region
✶ NIRF 2023 Rankings, Ministry of
Education, Govt. of India
● MM (DU) has been ranked at 78th
place in India amongst all the
Government and Private
Universities.
● MM College of Pharmacy has been
ranked at 31 st place amongst
ALL Pharmacy Colleges in
India
● MM Institute of Medical
Sciences & Research has been
ranked at 34th place amongst
ALL Medical Colleges in India
MM(DU) has been offering variety of
undergraduate programs encompassing
diverse fields including Engineering,
Management, Hotel Management,
Computer Applications, Law, Pharmacy,
106
Medicine, Dentistry, Physiotherapy,
Nursing, Agriculture, Journalism,
Physical and Life Sciences. Moreover
all courses include new themes and
provide flexibility of electives which
foreshadow key topics to be developed
further in subsequent years. A lot of stress
is laid on Project based learning and
overall personality development of the
students under teacher mentors.
MM(DU) has established various
Centres of Excellence in collaboration
with BOSCH, National Instruments,
Google for Education, CISCO
Academy. MM(DU) has also established
Centre for Skill & Entrepreneurship
Development (CSED) which aims to
strengthen technical education
infrastructure to promote industry
relevant skill development.
MM(DU) has established a Clinical
Advanced Skill and Simulation
Laboratory for training of Undergraduate
and Postgraduate Medical, Nursing and
Paramedical students, in a vast area of
15000 square feet. In terms of training
equipments, this Simulation Laboratory
is India’s Largest Comprehensive
Medical Skill & Simulation facility.
MM(DU) takes pride in its highly
resplendent team of intellectual capital.
Extreme care is exercised for hiring the
best faculty. The faculty not only holds
industry experience but also makes sure that
the student’s significant advantages from
their knowledge.
Graduates from MM(DU) have been
getting handpicked by top business
organizations and are now working in the
corporate sector as well as in many
government departments both at the
state and national levels. The success
stories continue as year after year
MM(DU) emerges to be the most vibrant
campus in North India and its students
have been getting handpicked by top
business organizations and are now
working in the corporate sector as well
as in many government departments
both at the state and national levels.
MM(DU) has completed yet another
successful campus placement session
for the academic year 2022-23 securing
best placements and highly appreciable
packages for its students. All top tech
and business companies were part of
MM(DU)’s campus placement drive
including big names like Microsoft,
Infosys, MUSigma, Accenture,
Deloitte, Nestle, Ernst & Young, TIAA,
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Dr. Tarsem Garg
Chancellor, MM (DU)
Berger, Cognizant and many other big
names.
MM(DU) is one place where youth’s
career dreams take shape and their
confidence builds; thanks to the life skills
they learn. MM(DU) was founded with the
vision to provide world-class education
to the youth especially those placed in
rural North India belt. The credit for
creating such a humungous success
story for MM(DU) goes to its founder
President Shri Tarsem Garg, one of the
leading promoters of higher education,
a great visionary and competent
administrator, who has worked
relentlessly to spread educational
facilities and create world-class
infrastructure in rural parts of the
country. He is a dedicated philanthropist
who sees education as a force of
constructive social change and has
envisioned MM(DU) as an education
centre where every student irrespective
of their social profile should get the
quality higher education. With his vision
and strenuous efforts, two other
independent campus, one namely MM
University, Kumarhatti-Solan in
Himachal Pradesh and another with the
same name MM University at Sadopur
(Ambala) in Haryana have been developed
which have independent Medical Colleges.
As a part of its expansion programme
for the promotion of School education,
the sponsoring Trust has also establishment
three Schools with the name of MM
International School at Mullana-
Ambala, Sadopur (Ambala) and at
Ramba (Karnal). Another School namely
Little Angels Senior Secondary School
is being run at Sonipat.
 IPS Academy’s Institute of
Engineering and Science (IES),
The All-Time Leaders Of
Campus Placement
Advancement is the basis of life, and
education is the basis of advancement.
Without appropriate education, the future
will always be uncertain. One obviously
needs complete clarity of mind when
choosing the right engineering institute
from the pool of colleges. One of the
most renowned colleges in the Indore
city of Madhya Pradesh that lets you swim
the waters of a competitive world and
gets you illuminating placement options
with a bright career ahead is IPS
Academy’s Institute of Engineering and
Science (IES), Indore.
The Institute, built on the pillars of
discipline, determination, quality
education, and dedication, is the
management’s constant endeavour to
transform raw talent into the
professionals of tomorrow.
Creativity and innovation co-exist and
thrive at IES, and the Institute is synony-
mous with novel ideas and innovations in
the science and technology sector.
It is the first self-financed Institute of
Madhya Pradesh UGC Autonomous and
affiliated with RGPV University. Known
for its emphasis on education,
entrepreneurship, research, and sports,
IPS Academy has some of the best
minds in the educational and research
fields and centres that inspire
entrepreneurship and ground-breaking
work to simplify and manage life better.
Established in 1999, IES offers 14 UG
and 8 PG programs. The Institute focuses
on emerging and core branches, offering
Engineering programs in CSE (AI&ML),
CSE (Data Science), CSE (IoT), CSE
(Regional Language), and CSE (IoT,
Cyber Security, including Blockchain
Technology). The core branches of the
Institute include Chemical Engineering,
Civil Engineering, CSE, CSIT,
Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Agricultural Engineering, Electronics
and Communication Engineering,
Mechanical, Fire Technology and Safety
Engineering.
The Institute also offers PG programs
in Robotics, Data Science, Power
Electronics, Chemical Engineering,
CPM, Digital Communication, Industrial
Safety Engineering, and Structural
Engineering.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Indore
Headed by renowned educationalist
Dr. Archana Keerti Chowdhary, there
is a committed team of highly qualified
professors who, by all means, encompass
the students with their treasure of
knowledge. Their determination is
appreciated by various honours like
achieving the ‘Young Scientist Award’
for five years in a row.
Rank & Recognition
✶ NAAC Accredited Institute
✶ NBA Accredited UG Programs
✶ Known for its excellent academic
quality, industry-focused curriculum,
and International Collaborations with
Countries like Russia, Japan, and Sri
Lanka for joint research projects.
✶ The Institute has received several
accolades, including being ranked 30
among the Top 125 Private
Engineering Institutes by Times of
India (2021). In the Times Survey
Ranking (2022), IPS Academy ranked
1st in the Central Zone and 32nd in
the top 125 Private Engineering
Colleges and 38th in the top 170
Engineering Colleges in the country.
It has been recognised as a Top
Performing Remote Centre
NMEICT, Top Performing Remote
Centre Spoken Tutorial, and an active
local chapter of NPTEL. IPS
Academy has also been awarded Post
Doctoral Fellowships, MP Young
Scientist Awards and Fellowship, and
awarded by RGPV for Best Green
Practices in Energy Conservation.
✶ It has also got the tag of being the
Top preferred Institute for education
amongst self-financing institutes in
MP by CSR.
✶ ARIIA-2021 Band Performer
✶ Awarded by AICTE under USVA
2020 under two categories, the first
rank, i.e., for “How innovatively
conducting classes” and “The support
provided to migrants”.
✶ Top 5 Performing IIC in central India
by MHRD, AICTE New Delhi
International Collaborations
National Institutes for Quantum &
Radiological Sciences and Technology,
Japan, for research on “Bacterial
vaginosis”.
National Institute of Fundamental
Studies, Sri Lanka, for research on
“Effect of Biofertiliser on different
rhizosphere microbes in a microfluidic
platform”.
The University of Peradeniya, Sri
Lanka, for research on “A non-invasive
diagnosis of oral cancer in a microfluidic
platform”.
Moscow Institute of Physics &
Technology, Russia, for Research on
“Seismic Analysis”.
National Collaborations
Indian Institute of Technology Indore
for research on “Drug diffusion studies
in the skin-on-a-chip devices: Numerical
simulation & experiments” under core
research grant category SERB, DST,
Government of India
Training and Placement
When every day comes with new
lessons, presented after intensive research
following industry standards and global
insights, the students are bound to excel
in their careers. The students at IES always
prove their intellectual mettle by securing
their placements with top companies like
Byju’s, Reliance Industries Limited,
Volvo, SAIL, HSBC, Essar, Infosys, IBM,
ONGC and IFFCO, etc. This year the
highest packages in placements
ranged from INR 10 lakh to 36.5 lakh per
annum. Normally, there are over
300 companies that visit the campus
in its recruitment drive every year.
Not just this, many other students have
recognised their potential and carved a
niche for themselves by taking forward
their dreams in different fields. One of
the most recent examples is of the two
bright students who started their own
service-based company in their third year.
Ranked among the top universities in
India and considered a cerebral
destination for students across India and
Madhya Pradesh, IPS is a premier
educational institution that strives to
prepare students to face the highly
competitive world by bringing out the
best in them. It offers a nurturing ground
for students’ holistic development.
For more information, please
contact:
IPS Academy, Institute of Engineering &
Science, Knowledge Village, AB Road,
Indore (MP). Contact: 7746000161,
9826079161, 07314014604
Email: admission.ies@ipsacademy.org
Website: https://ies.ipsacademy.org
107
 Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology,
Management & Gramothan
Creating Winners For Life
By Rajasthan Technical University, Kota
Swami Keshvanand Institute of
Technology, Management &
Gramothan (SKIT), inspired by the
preaching of Swami Keshvanand, was
established in the year 2000 by the
Technocrats and Managers Society for
Advanced Learning, in the Pink City
Jaipur, Rajasthan. SKIT is recognised as
one of the country’s premier institutes
imparting academic excellence.
Located in Pink City, SKIT embraces
the importance of preserving the cultural
legacy as well as adopting the modern
dynamics of technology to convert its
pupils into generous personalities
profoundly rooted in the value system
of our culture. The Institute is approved
by AICTE, New Delhi and affiliated
with Rajasthan Technical University,
Kota, for offering Postgraduate and
Graduate Courses in Engineering and
Management. The engineering programs
of the Institute have been accredited
by the National Board of Accreditation
(NBA). SKIT is the only affiliated
technical institute in Rajasthan
accredited with an A++ grade by
NAAC with a 3.67 score out of 4.
SKIT has bagged the first rank among
all the RTU-affiliated institutes for its
consistent effort toward perfection and
innovation. The rank announced by
RTU, Kota, has been bestowed to SKIT
for maintaining an excellent quality
framework.
With its visionary beginnings as an
engineering college, SKIT has developed
into a digitally advanced campus where
students are taught relevant skills and
knowledge that become the foundation
of their understanding of the world
surrounding them. SKIT envisages
fashioning scholars who would think
critically and logically to solve the
problems of the milieu. Apart from
teaching fundamentals of technical skills,
students are also taught about the
importance of utilising these concepts
to deal with real-world issues. As a
multidisciplinary institute, its curriculum
prepares its graduates to be problem
solvers, leaders and innovators. At SKIT,
students are taught to believe that
nothing is beyond reach and that it
should be our endeavour to be the best
we can be on all fronts.
With a talented and committed team
of professionals and academicians and
a well-equipped infrastructure, the green
SKIT campus offers an ideal backdrop
for instilling fresh students with the
latest technological and communication
skills to convert their ideas into
functional realities. Here, we carve the
fresh raw students into magnificent and
competent professionals in their desired
areas. Our focus on values and
principles makes our students confident
to march onwards with zeal towards
their goals, including being placed in
reputed organisations and becoming
entrepreneurs or industrialists
serving society and the nation.
Mr. Jaipal Meel
Director
Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology,
Management and Gramothan, Jaipur
Several multinational software and
other companies, namely Infosys, TCS,
Wipro, Cognizant, Adani, Asahi Glass,
Pinnacle, Polycab, Sophos, Juspay, etc.,
recruit a good number of students from
SKIT every year. More than 875 offers
have already been rolled out to the
students of the 2023 batch while the
placements are still going on. The
maximum salary package for the 2023
batch is Rs. 47 lakh PA.
Indeed, things are never over forever,
and SKIT, too, is a part of this
continuum. Although we have come a
long way, we still have miles to go before
we sleep. SKIT has carved its position
as a premier institute of technical
education across the nation, and both
parents and students have acknowledged
our efforts; this recognition refuels our
determination to strive for the better.
Starting with raw students and changing
them into exceptional technocrats has
been a definition of SKIT. The motto
of the Institute is ‘Asato Ma Sadgamaya’,
which means guide us from the darkness of
ignorance to the light of knowledge. It has
characterised our every endeavour and
will continue to do the same in future.
—Jaipal Meel
Director, SKIT

108 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of
Engineering and Technology
(GRIET) was established in 1997 with
a mission to “impart quality education
with an emphasis on practical skills and
social relevance”. GRIET is approved
by AICTE and permanently affiliated
with Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
University, Hyderabad. The Institute
offers NINE B.Tech. and SIX
M.Tech. Programmes.
Distinctions: The College is
accredited by NAAC with an “A++”
grade and has NBA accreditation
for six UG and five PG programmes.
The College was accorded Autonomous
status by UGC and JNTUH Hyderabad.
The College is among 25 private
institutes awarded a TEQIP-II grant
supported by World Bank. The College
has excellent physical and organisational
structures and facilities like buildings,
well-furnished classrooms, seminar halls
with audio-visual equipment, fully
equipped laboratories, a computer
centre, canteen, sports & games, Stores,
Medical facilities, Transport from all
corners of the city, Bank with ATM
facility, Library with WiFi connectivity
and e-resources.
Awards of Excellence: The College
was ranked at 148th Place in 2022, 165th
Place in 2021, 172nd Place in 2020,
179th Place in 2019 and rated amongst
151-200 rank band in 2018 & 2017 in
Engineering and also in Overall
categories released by MHRD, under
NIRF. GRIET is recognised as a Top
Private Engineering Institution in India
by prominent ranking agencies like
Times of India, India Today, The Week,
Competition Success Review, The
Knowledge Review Magazine, Higher
Education Review, Careers 360, Career
Connect, Education World and
Sarvagyan. The honours include Best
Student Project (2017), Best Engineering
College (2009), Best Engineering
Principal (2009,2014), Best Teacher
(2014), and Best Student (2007, 2008,
2014) by ISTE - AP Section.
Academic Results: The Institute is
proud of its academic and support staff,
drawn from academia and industry.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
GRIET has a consistent academic record
figuring in the award lists of JNT
University Hyderabad by winning Gold
medals and other state and national level
competitions.
Research & Development: The
university has recognised the
Department of Mechanical Engineering
as a potential research centre. The
Institute is carrying out a good number
of minor and major research projects
funded by AICTE / UGC / DST /
DRDO / BRNS / AR & DB / MSME.
The Institute supports faculty and
Students to conduct research projects
at various Levels promoting academic
and professional development. DSIR has
conferred SIRO recognition to
GokarajuRangaraju Educational Society.
Training & Placements: The
College has a committed placement and
training cell providing 90-95% career
placements through on-campus and off-
campus recruitment. The cell provides
training right from the first year and
prepares students for placements and
competitive exams. Our students have
been placed in some of the top
companies in the IT and core industries.
Corporates like TCS, Capgemini,
Infotech, IBM, Intergraph Consulting,
Tech Mahindra, Deloitte, CGK
Technologies, Amazon, and FMC
Technologies regularly recruit our
students. A sizeable number opt for
higher studies in reputed institutes in
India and abroad. A few make us proud
by turning into successful entrepreneurs.
Beyond Academics: The College
focuses on beyond-curricular activities
through student-run bodies like Spirals,
Quizzicals, Rhythms, Spices, GEM,
and Student Branches of Professional
Bodies such as IEEE. IETE, SAE,
SMI, ICI, CSI, and ISTE, along with
Entrepreneurship Development Cell and
Women’s Development Cell, with
Dr. G. Gangaraju,
President, GRES
regular representation in sports and
games events. The Institute has an NSS
unit through which it organises several
activities to promote social awareness
amongst the GRIETians.
Alumni Association: GRIET is
proud of its Alumni network spread
across the globe. The network
is ripening, yielding fruitful results to the
growing student body of the Institute.
Some Important Rankings:
1. National India Rankings
Framework (NIRF) of the Union
Ministry of Education:
a. 148th Rank in Engineering
Category of NIRF 2022 by MoE,
Government of India.
b. 165th Rank in Engineering
Category of NIRF 2021 by MoE,
Government of India.
c. 172nd Rank in Engineering
Category of NIRF 2020 by MoE,
Government of India.
d. 179th Rank in Engineering
Category of NIRF 2019 by
MHRD, Government of India.
e. Ranked amongst 151-200 Rank
band in Engineering Category of
NIRF 2018 & 2017 by MHRD,
Government of India.
2. ARIIA: Ranked amongst Band
“Excellent” in ARIIA 2022.
3. Ranked amongst Platinum
Category in AICTE CII Survey.
109
 Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology
Where Dreams Take Flight!
Welcome to a world of endless
possibilities and boundless opportunities at
Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology
(SMIT). Nestled amidst the picturesque
landscapes of Sikkim, SMIT stands tall as a
beacon of academic excellence, nurturing
dreams and shaping futures. With its friendly
and supportive environment, SMIT has
become the preferred destination for
students seeking a holistic education and a
vibrant campus life.
A Vibrant Campus Experience
Stepping onto the campus of SMIT is
like entering a thriving community bustling
with energy and enthusiasm. The friendly
faces, diverse cultures, and warm atmosphere
create an environment that fosters
camaraderie and lifelong friendships. From
the moment you arrive, you’ll feel a sense
of belonging that will accompany you
throughout your educational journey.
Academic Excellence
At SMIT, academic excellence is at the
heart of everything we do. Our distinguished
faculty members, comprising experienced
professors and industry experts, are
dedicated to imparting ‘knowledge and
igniting a passion for learning. With their
guidance and support, students delve into a
wide range of programs, including
Engineering, Computer Applications,
Business Administration, and more. The
well-structured curriculum, complemented
by state-of-the-art infrastructure and well-
equipped laboratories, ensures that students
receive a comprehensive and practical
education and a very high Faculty: Student
= 1 : 15 ratio.
Industry-Driven Programs
SMIT takes great pride in its industry-
driven programs that prepare students for
the real-world challenges of their chosen
fields. Through collaborations with leading
industries and organisations, students gain
invaluable exposure and experience through
internships, workshops, and industry visits.
This hands-on approach to learning equips
them with the skills and knowledge that
employers seek, giving them a competitive
edge in the job market.
Research And Innovation
Research is the lifeblood of a sound
academic institute. SMIT is the pioneer
institution which has introduced all UG
Degrees with research to meet the aspiration
of our inquisitive students who would be
able to present innovative solutions to solve
social problems. The interdisciplinary
research by students aligns with the spirit of
NEP 2020 to fulfil the UNSDGs.
SMIT takes pride in the fact that it has
emerged as a research-friendly institute.
Several scholars have been awarded Ph.D.,
and many more scholars from within and
110
Sikkim Manipal Institute Of Technology (SMIT)
At Sikkim Manipal
Institute of Technology
(SMIT), we are committed
to ensuring the holistic
development of our
students. The world has
become a global village,
and it is incumbent on us
to broaden the horizon of
our students and make
them constructive global
citizens. We also aspire to
inculcate all essential
qualities to make our (Dr.) G.L.
students contribute Director,
effectively to the
advancement of society. We firmly believe
in the Indian Ethos of “Vasudhaiva
Kutumbakam” – World is one family.
We endeavour to achieve eminence in
the field of quality technical education and
research through our inquisitive students.
We ignite the minds of our students to
question the status quo and quench their
thirst for learning by acquiring knowledge
consistently. Our dedicated team of faculty
members are committed to providing
wholesome education to meet the
intellectual aspirations of students and
equip them with techno-managerial skills
outside the Institute are registered
for the doctorate. Several sponsored projects
have also been assigned to SMIT. The faculty
members are also selected to research about
50+ sponsored projects approved and
financed by DST, DBT, DRDO and
AICTE. As a result, apart from books,
several papers by the faculty members are
also published in peer-reviewed, high-
index journals of international repute. SMIT
students have immensely benefited from
their research activities and secured
admission to higher education in reputed
universities in India and abroad.
Campus Facilities
SMIT offers a wide array of campus
facilities to ensure a comfortable and
enriching experience for its students. The
library is a treasure trove of knowledge,
housing an extensive collection of books,
journals, and research papers. The sports
facilities cater to sports enthusiasts’ needs,
providing ample opportunities to indulge in
various indoor and outdoor activities. The
hostel accommodations are well-maintained
and provide a safe and conducive living
environment for students, fostering a sense
of community and camaraderie.
Beyond Academics
Life at SMIT extends far beyond
academics. The Institute hosts a vibrant array
of extracurricular activities, clubs, and
societies catering to diverse interests.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
that will enable them to
take their assigned role in
the industry as thorough
professionals. Our NAAC
A+ grade is testimony to
our quality education
standards.
The Institute has state-
of-the-art infrastructure
and an environment
conducive to meeting the
student’s academic, extra-
curricular and co-curricular
Sharma, aspirations to enable them
SMIT to be industry ready once
they graduate from the
Institute.
I am sure our perspective students
at SMIT would be able to realise their true
potential in the premier years of their life.
I am also certain that SMIT will enable its
students to become thorough professionals
and constructive human beings with the
right blend of values and ethics. Our
students will not earn accolades for
themselves only but for their families and
India.
With Best Wishes,
(Dr.) G.L. Sharma,
—Director, SMIT
Whether participating in cultural events,
organising technical competitions, or
engaging in community service initiatives,
students have ample opportunities to explore
their passions, showcase their talents, and
develop their personalities.
Placement Success
SMIT has an excellent track record when
it comes to placements. The Institute’s
dedicated Placement Cell works tirelessly to
connect students with leading companies and
organisations for internships and job
placements. Numerous renowned companies
visit the campus annually, offering SMIT
graduates lucrative job opportunities. The
Institute’s strong industry connections and
the reputation of its alumni contribute to
the consistent success of its placement
efforts.
Conclusion
Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology
is more than just an educational institution;
it is a community that nurtures dreams and
empowers students to scale new heights.
With its friendly environment, dedicated
faculty, industry-driven programs, and
holistic approach to education, SMIT
provides the ideal platform for students to
explore their true potential, learn, grow, and
embark on a journey of success. Step into
the world of SMIT, where dreams take flight
and lifelong memories are carved.
 SRI KRISHNADEVARAYA EDUCATIONAL TRUST’S
SIR M. VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
“All-Round Quality Education is Paramount to a Shining Career”
Our Inspiration
‘Bharat Ratna’
Sir M Visvesvaraya
Sri Krishnadevaraya Educational Trust
was founded in 1985 by a group of 19
philanthropists, mainly builders belonging
to the Raju Kshatriya community with the
sole objective of establishing educational
institutions with all-round quality
perspective. Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute
of Technology (Sir MVIT) is an Institute
of repute in the State of Karnataka,
founded by Sri Krishnadevaraya
Educational Trust in 1986.
The institute offers 10 B.E. degree
programs in Artificial Intelligence &
Machine Learning, Computer Science &
Engineering, Computer Science &
Engg.(Internet of Things & Cyber
Security including Block Chain
Technology), Biotechnology
Engineering, Electronics & Communi-
cation Engineering, Electrical &
Electronics Engineering, Electronics &
Telecommunication Engineering,
Information Science & Engineering, Civil
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,
and four Masters Programs, Master of
Business Administration (MBA), Master
of Computer Applications (MCA),
M.Tech. in Mechanical Engineering
(Computer Integrated Manufacturing),
M.Tech. in Electronics and
Communication Engineering
(Electronics), M.Tech. in Biotechnology
& Biochemical Engg. The Institute is
affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological
University and is approved by All India
Council for Technical Education, New
Delhi and is accredited by National Board
of Accreditation, New Delhi and NAAC.
The institute is alsocertified by Scientific
& Industrial Research Organizations
(SIRO). Sir MVIT is an ISO 9001:2008
Certified Institution.
State-of-the-art Infrastructure,
Academic excellence and
campus highlights:
✶ Sir MVIT is situated on a vast campus
of 133 acres on the Ballari road near Air
Force station, Yelahanka, close to
Bengaluru International Airport (21 km
from Bangalore city station). The
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
BENGALURU
Since-1986
institute has around
3000 students & over
200 well-experienced
faculty members,
fully equipped labs
(including project/
skill labs), seminar
halls (for each depart-
ment adequately
equipped with multi-
media facilities) with
well qualified and
motivated faculty, Dr. A.C. Chandrashekar Raju Sri K. Syama Raju
state-of-art labora- President Secretary
tory facilities, well-
equipped library and high-speed personal grooming of the students.
internet browsing center with Around 35 to 40 top companies visit to
connectivity and almost 100% the college every year and placements are
placement. It is no wonder that the close to 95- 100% every year.
institute has been ranked No. 1 among KRISHNADEVARAYA COLLEGE
the engineering colleges in the State by OF DENTAL SCIENCES &
the reputed magazine ‘Dataquest’. All HOSPITAL
our departments spread over on 53.8 With a view to offer services on
hectares of greenery and serenity, are health care, the Trust has started a
well connected by optical fiber Dental College in the name of
backbone network. “Krishnadevaraya College of Dental
✶ Sir MVIT has set yet another incredible
Sciences and Hospital” (KCDSH) in
milestone by obtaining total of 166 1992. KCDS&H is a renowned Dental
University ranks till date, which include College conducting courses leading to
124 UG ranks & 42 PG ranks. Students Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) &
of Sir MVIT consistently perform well Master of Dental Surgery (MDS).
in University Exams and get a good Krishnadevaraya College of Dental
number of VTU Ranks. Sciences & Hospital is affiliated to Rajiv
✶ The Institute has, on its campus, Men’s Gandhi university of Health Sciences
& Women’s hostels, medical centre, (RGUHS) Karnataka. The College, ever
ladies amenities center, staff quarters, since its inception has been committed
guest house, cafeteria, outdoor sports to excellence in education, research,
facility spread over 12.1 hectares and patient care and community service.
an indoor games complex. Krishnadevaraya College of Dental
✶ There are many recreational facilities, Sciences is also equipped with an
hobby clubs, sports facilities and advanced OT with 25 bedded facilities
cultural facilities, co-curricular facilities with ultramodern sophisticated facilities.
and extracurricular facilities and
outdoor sports facility inside the SIR M.V. SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE
campus. The institute is well connected
to all the parts of the city by its own Sir M.V. School of Architecture is
fleet of buses. also managed by Sri Krishnadevaraya
Training & Placement : The training Educational Trust. The School which
and placement cell of the college is very offers B.Arch. course was started in the
effectively engaged in developing the year 2017 with an annual intake of 40
students in all needed skills and placing students. Sir M.V. School of Architecture
in top companies. Students are also is located inside the reputed Sir MVIT
Campus, in Bangalore, in the state of
apprised on a continuous basis through Karnataka. The institute offers 5 year
seminars and workshops etc. about higher B.Arch. Degree in Bachelor of
learning opportunities in India and Architecture, approved by Council of
abroad. Right from the fourth semester Architecture, (CoA), Govt. of Karnataka
onwards, regular training is conducted on and is affiliated to Visvesvaraya
total personality development and Technological University, Belagavi.
111
 Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya
Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth
Vishwavidyalaya is a State Private University
set up in Indore under Madhya Pradesh Niji
Vishwavidyalaya (Sthapana Avam
Sanchalan) Adhiniyam, 2015.
The University has been established with
the vision to be a leader in shaping a better
future for mankind through quality
education, training and research. It pursues
the mission to make a difference in
sustaining the growth of global societies
by developing socially responsible citizens.
About Shri Vaishnav Trust
1884 is a landmark year as the foundation
stone was laid 139 years ago for the Shri
Vaishnav Group of Institutions by
compassionate philanthropists of Indore,
MP, India. Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Trust
believes in taking the nation forward by
improving the quality of life of its citizens
by continuously working in the sphere of
education, health and environment.
The University Campus
The campus of Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth
Vishwavidyalaya, spread over 52 acres with
sprawling and picturesque surroundings,
provides a refreshing environment,
stimulating intellectual alertness and
creativity.
Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth
Vishwavidyalaya has 17 constituent
institutes with 310 full-time faculty
members and around 8,000 students
enrolled in 114 undergraduate, postgraduate
and doctoral programs.
SVVV offers several programs with the
technical support of IBM, Redhat, Apple,
TCS, Impetus, Tata Power, and Infosys. The
prog rams are also being offered in
association with the Mahatma Gandhi
National Council of Rural Education at the
undergraduate and postgraduate levels in
Rural Management. The response of the
students to such programs has been quite
overwhelming. Even the industry has
welcomed such an initiative.
SVVV has entered into an MoU with
BOSCH India, where UG and PG students
of the University are given opportunities to
develop their entrepreneurial and
employability skills. Under the MoU, lab
equipment worth Rs. 30,00,000 have been
provided to the University to train students.
The University has also set up a ‘Factory
Automation Laboratory’ in collaboration
with Mitsubishi Electric India.
Eminent speakers who have visited the
University to grace various occasions
include Padma Vibhushan Dr. R.A.
Mashelkar, Padma Bhushan Dr. D. R.
Mehta, Padma Bhushan Dr. V.K. Saraswat,
Padma Bhushan Dr. Shyama Chona, Padma
Shri Dr. Sankar Kumar Pal, Padma Shri
Prof. Ajoy Kumar Ray, Padma Shri Dr. Puru
112
INDORE
Dadheech, Padma Shri Dr. H.C. Verma,
Padma Shri Abhay Chhajlani, Padma Shri
Dr. Ravindra Kumar Sinha, Padma Shri
Prahlad S. Tipania, Padma Shri Dr. Deepak
B. Phatak, Padma Shri Bhalu Mondhe,
Padma Shri Dr. Ratan Thiyam, Padma Shri
Bansi Kaul, Padma Shri Sushil Doshi,
Padma Shri Dr. Pushpesh Pant, Dr. G.
Satheesh Reddy (Chairman, DRDO), Dr.
S.V. Nakhe (Director, RRCAT), Padma
Bhushan Dr. V.K. Saraswat (Member, NITI
Aayog, and Former Secretary, Department
of Defense, Government of India and
Scientific Adviser to Defense Minister),
Padma Shri Vishnu Pandya (Chairman,
Gujarat Sahitya Academy), and Padma Shri
Prof. G. Shankar (internationally renowned
architect).
Centres of Excellence
Centre of Excellence in Plasma Research:
Padma Vibhushan Dr. Anil Kakodkar, an
Eminent Nuclear Scientist and Former
Chair man of the Atomic Energ y
Commission of India, inaugurated the
“Centre” on August 10, 2016. The
University has submitted 33 research
proposals worth more than Rs. 21 Crores
to various funding bodies for financial
suppor t. So far, the funding bodies
like UGC-DAE, Consortium for Scientific
Research, SERB, New Delhi, R&D
Facilitation Scheme, MP Council of Science
and Technology, Bhopal, Indian Council of
Philosophical Research, New Delhi, Shri
Vaishnav Trust, NTTM-MoT, KVIC,
National Commission for Women, DSIR-
SIRO, NITI Aayog, and Science &
Engineering Research Board (SERB), New
Delhi have supported various research
projects with Rs. 82,47,000.
Atal Ranking
Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth
Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, had secured a
place under the top fifty positions
in the Atal Ranking of Institutions on
Innovation Achievements (ARIIA 2020)
in the Self-finance/Private Institutions
category. In ARIIA, the top-most and
leading universities of the countr y
par ticipate. The University has been
classified as a promising university in ARIIA
2021. Ministry of Education, Government
of India has initiated the ’Atal Ranking of
Institutions on Innovation Achievements
(ARIIA)’ to systematically rank educational
institutions and universities on innovation-
related indicators. ARIIA considers all
major indicators commonly used globally to
rank the world’s most innovative educational
institutions/universities. The University has
been ranked in the Top 50 State Private
Universities in Outlook-ICARE Rankings
in ARIIA 2022.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Dr. Upinder Dhar
Vice Chancellor
Scholarships
To facilitate the students and promote
merit, a number of scholarships have been
instituted. Some of these scholarships are:
✶ Scholarship scheme for meritorious
students at the time of admission
(in the first year only)
✶ Scholarship scheme for meritorious
students (second year onwards)
✶ Teaching Assistanceship (TA) for Ph.D.
scholars
✶ Teaching Assistanceship (TA) for
M.Tech. students
✶ Scholarships to employees and their wards
✶ Scholarship to the students of the
institutions sponsored by the Shri
Vaishnav Group of Trusts
✶ Scholarship scheme for the physically
challenged students
✶ Scholarship scheme for the children of
defence personnel who had sacrificed
their lives during warfare/anti-terrorist
or similar activity.
Relief was provided to the Children of
Corona Warriors who had lost their lives
during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Convocations
1st Convocation of the University, held
on June 9, 2018, was presided over
by the Hon’ble Governor of the State, Smt.
Anadiben Patel. The 2nd Convocation of
the University, held on August 8, 2019, was
presided over by the Hon’ble Vice President
of India, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu. The 3rd
Convocation of the University, held Online
on October 27, 2020, was presided over
by former Chairman of the Atomic Energy
Commission of India, Padma Vibhushan
Dr. Anil Kakodkar. The 4th Convocation of
the University, held on December 20, 2021,
was presided over by the Hon’ble Governor
of the State, Shri Mangubhai Patel. The 5th
Convocation of the University, held on
December 26, 2023, was presided over by
Hon’ble Justice Shri J.K. Maheshwari,
Supreme Court of India, New Delhi.
 Vidyavardhaka College Of Engineering (VVCE)
Mysuru
AN INNOVATIVE LEADER IN TECHNICAL & MANAGEMENT EDUCATION
Vidyavardhaka College of
Engineering (VVCE), Mysuru, is a
prestigious engineering college that has
emerged as one of Karnataka’s best
technical and management education
centres. Established in 1997 by
Vidyavardhaka Sangha and envisioned
in 1949 by K. Puttaswamy and Sahukar
Channaiah, VVCE has grown by leaps
and bounds. Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi,
with autonomous status since 2020-21,
VVCE is approved by AICTE, New
Delhi and recognised by the Government
of Karnataka. The Institute has been
accredited by NAAC ‘A’ Grade, by NBA,
New Delhi and ranked in NIRF (rank
band: 251-300).
Located in western Mysuru, on an members who have great passion placement department prepares students
elevated 23 acres sprawling campus, towards their profession. Having to be industry ready. Student placements
VVCE has an annual intake of 900 offered quality education in a highly in reputed companies have been
students for undergraduate courses in 7 conducive teaching and learning increasing year-on-year; ~90% of
disciplines, viz., Electronics & environment, VVCE has received “The students have been placed, and the highest
Communication Engineering, Computer Institute of Happiness” award and a placement package is ~INR 33 lakhs.
Science & Engineering, Mechanical silver rating by QS–I Gauge. VVCE students have bag ged
Engineering, Information Science & Each classroom is fitted with LCD university ranks and gold medals in core
Engineering, Electrical & Electronics projectors and CCTV surveillance. disciplines. Faculty members and
Engineering, Civil Engineering & Lecture capture provision is provided in students regularly conduct national-
Computer Science & Engineering (AI all classrooms for overall faculty level hackathon events on campus and
& ML). VVCE also offers post-graduate improvement and sharing of lecture win cash prizes and goodies from
prog rams such as MBA, M.Tech. videos with students for better industry sponsors. Periodic international
(Computer Science & Engineering) and understanding. The incubating facility conferences on recent & new trends in
M.Tech. (Robotics & Mechatronics). nurtures budding engineering and Engineering & Management are
VVCE has set up research centres in 9 management entrepreneurs. An industry- conducted. The University Innovation
departments to promote research academia advisory board guides each Fellows prog ram with Stanford
activities and offer M.Sc. (Engineering) program to move ahead in the right University, USA, enables international
by research and doctoral programs. direction. collaborations and achievements
VVCE is blessed with excellent VVCE has 35 plus student-led clubs benefitting students and faculty.
infrastr ucture and well-qualified, for the holistic personality development Web: www.vvce.ac.in
experienced, and committed faculty of every student. The training and Contact Nos: 0821 – 4276200 / 01 / 03

COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 113

 GYAN GANGA GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
A Synonym of Excellence in Technical Education
Gyan Ganga Group, Jabalpur, Madhya
Pradesh, has become synonymous
with excellence in Central India. More than
10,000 students who graduated from the
Group institutions have achieved different
positions in various fields at the
national and international levels.
Gyan Ganga Group, Jabalpur, was
established with Gyan Ganga Institute of
Technology and Sciences (GGITS)
in 2003 and Gyan Ganga College of
Technology (GGCT) in 2006, approved
by AICTE, New Delhi, and affiliated
to RGPV, Bhopal. As a hallmark of
quality, the branches of Electronics &
Communication Engineering, Mechanical
Engineering, Electrical Engineering, and
Computer Science Engineering are
accredited by the National Board of
Accreditation (NBA).
Gyan Ganga Group, Jabalpur,
contributes to society by providing various
technical and non-technical degree courses,
viz. Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.)
in Computer Science & Engineering,
Electronics & Communication Enginee-
ring, Electrical Engineering, Electrical &
Electronics Engineering, Mechanical
Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer
Science Business Systems, Data Science,
Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning,
Internet of Things and Cyber Security
including Block Chain Technology,
Computer Science & Engineering Design,
Robotics & Artificial Intelligence, Artificial
Intelligence & Data Science.
Other Bachelor Courses are Bachelor of
Business Administration, Bachelor of
Business Administration—Hotel Manage-
ment, Bachelor of Commerce (Honours),
Bachelor of Commerce (Plain), Bachelor
of Commerce (CA), Bachelor of Com-
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
JABALPUR
merce (Tax P&P), Bachelor of Computer
Application, Bachelor of Science (PCM),
Bachelor of Science (CS), Bachelor of Arts
(History, Political Science & Sociology),
Bachelor of Arts (Economics, Political
Science & Sociology), Bachelor of Arts
(Psychology, Geography, Eng. Lit.), Bach-
elor of Journalism & Mass Communica-
tion, Master of Commerce (Accounting),
B.A.LLB. Bachelor courses in Pharma
include Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharma.)
and Diploma in Pharmacy (D.Pharma.).
Masters of Technology (M.Tech.) in
Cyber Security, Internet of Things and
Sensor Systems, Computer Science
and Engineering, Energy Technology,
Communication Systems, Structural Engi-
neering, Machine Design, Power Systems
and Automation (Part-Time). Masters of
Computer Application (MCA), Masters of
Business Administration (MBA).
The strength of any educational group
is measured by the quality of its academic
staff. More than 350 highly-qualified and
experienced faculty members, 50+ of then
Ph.D. holders, are imparting knowledge
to the students, gearing them up to
compete diligently at the national and
international levels.
To make the students industry-ready,
regular in-house and outbound training are
organised on aptitude building, interview
skills, group discussion techniques,
communication and interpersonal skills,
technical skills, etc. Providing overall
development of the students, varied sports
activities, cultural fests, and tech fests have
initiated to inculcate cultural values,
sportsman spirit, and building confidence
in the students.
Apart from achieving academic excel-
lence, students of Gyan Ganga perform in
various co-curricular
activities at the
national level .
Recently, students
participated in
the Sixth edition
of the Smart India
Hackathon (SIH),
organised by the
Union Ministry of
Education, AICTE,
i4C, AWS, Shell and
Persistent Systems
at different loca-
tions. Three teams
from Gyan Ganga
emerged as winners.
All three teams, this
Er. D.C. Jain Dr. Rajneet Jain
Chairman Secretary
Gyan Ganga Group Gyan Ganga Group
time, won the first position in different
categories of problem statement and
received a Cash Prize of Rs. 1 lakh each
with Medals & Certificates. SIH
is the world’s largest 36-hour non-stop
digital product building competition. 95
Industries and 15 Government Ministries
posted the problem statement in the fields
of Agriculture, Health Care, Smart
Vehicles, Robotics, Renewal Energy,
Security, Smart Communication, Bio-
medical Devices & Rural Development.
SIH is an annual event with a declared
theme every year. This time at SIH 2022,
the theme is geared towards improving
food security, agriculture and rural
development.
Gyan Ganga Group, Jabalpur, is
committed to providing the best Specialists
and Professionals in technical and manage-
ment education. The Group is well-known
for providing quality education with the
best placement opportunities to students
in various high-repute national and
international companies/industries. The
Group delivers placement opportunities
through organising Closed, Pooled and
Open Campus Drive in the Institute with
a record of more than 30-35 companies
visiting year after year. Many students are
selected in UPSC and MPPSC to serve
government departments every year.
Intending to pursue higher education,
many students qualify in various entrance
examinations like GATE, GMAT, GRE,
CAT, etc. and enroll themselves in
international and national level institutes.
Gyan Ganga Group, Jabalpur, is shaping
society by making their students
disciplined citizens with high moral values.
The Group, its mentors, and the
management are committed to imparting
value education, along with teaching the
latest technical innovations and knowledge
to achieve zenith in the field of academics
in Central India.
115
at
PRESIDENCY UNIVERSITY
Revolutionising Higher Education
India’s prestigious university prepares future leaders
and entrepreneurs of the world
Presidency University is a private
university set across a sprawling campus
of 70 acres in Bengaluru, the IT capital
and start-up hub of India. With a lush
green spread and state-of-the-art
Infrastructure, the campus ensures an
active and vibrant student life.
The University presently comprises
the Schools of Computer Science and
Engineering, School of Engineering,
School of Management, School of Law,
School of Design, School of Commerce,
School of Information Science and
School of Media Studies.
The University offers various highly
specialised, industry-oriented, skill-
enhancing programmes which are
employability-centric. The undergraduate
and postgraduate programmes,
structured on the foundation of
Outcome Based Education [OBE] and
a choice-based-credit-system driven
regime, equip Presidency students with
the right mix of well-structured deep
knowledge and industry-ready skills
backed by relevant aptitude to excel in
their careers.
The University also acts as a one-stop-
shop for high education, culminating its
programme portfolio with the Ph.D.
programme, which is both academic and
research-oriented. Guided by a highly
accomplished teaching fraternity with
a research inclination, the Ph.D.
programme is offered both as full-time
with fellowship and part-time with
scholarships across a wide array of
domain isciplines.
116
Bengaluru
The curriculum and pedagogy used
are contemporary and integrated with
two tranches of the industrial internship
programme. The Engineering and
Management students undertake six
months of internship, spread over a two-
month internship mid-term and af our-
month tenure in the last semester. For
Law students, a one-month internship
every semester culminates with four
months of exposure in the last semester.
Currently, Presidency University
has nearly 16,000 students on its rolls,
taught by nearly 550 highly qualified
faculty and subject matter experts drawn
from premier institutions across the
country. The University is led by a
strongly motivated, highly qualified and
professional team with the right blend
of academic and administrative
competence and expertise.
The School of Engineering offers a
wide range of undergraduate [B.Tech.]
and postgraduate [M.Tech.] programmes
across disciplines ranging from
Computer Sciences, Electronics and
Communication, Electrical and
Electronics, Mechanical, Civil and
Petroleum Engineering etc. The School
of Engineering at Presidency University
has endeavoured to ensure that its
curriculum is industry-needs compliant,
highly futuristic in approach and
employability-assured.
Aligning with Industry 4.0, Presidency
University 4.0 aligned schools offer
an industry-led curriculum with strong
roots in industry-
academia partnership.
Relevant domain
courses on
applications of
Analytics, Data
Science, IoT, AI
and ML, Cyber
Security, Blockchain
and other
technologies with
strong foundations
in the core areas of
engineering will
provide excellent
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
learning opportunities for the students.
The curriculum also embeds experiential
and skill-based learning to inculcate
analytical and critical thinking ability,
design thinking, and develop practical
perspectives as well as entrepreneurial
talent.
Presidency University has established
a Center of Excellence in association
with Capgemini, Centre for Research,
Innovation and Incubation, Office of
International Affairs and International
Languages and Centre for Career
Guidance, which creates opportunities
for students in the areas of research,
internship — fully/partially funded,
student exchange programmes, one
semester abroad and dual degree
programmes such as B.Tech. + M.S. in
five years. Students have been given the
opportunity to learn French, German,
Mandarin and Japanese on campus as
part of their endeavour to place students
at globally reputed firms.
The University has tie-ups with more
than 90 prominent foreign universities
such as Drexel University, University
of Texas, Arlington, University of
Wisconsin, Lacrosse, Colorado School
of Mines (CS Mines), Manchester
Metropolitan University, University of
Essex, La Trobe University, Ming Chi
University Technology (MCUT), Raman
Llull University and POLIMI School of
Management.
The Learning, Training and
Development Department and the
Career Services and Industry Connect
Departments create a platform for a
strong corporate partnership to
understand relevant skill requirements
from fresh graduates. Students have
been placed across all verticals in top
corporate houses such as Capgemini,
TCS, Deloitte, Tech Mahindra, KPMG,
EY, Federal Bank, Shell etc.
With student enrolments growing
exponentially across all disciplines,
such as Management, Law, Design and
Media Studies, Presidency University,
Bengaluru, has created a prominent and
unique positioning for itself in the IT
capital as well as across the country.
 -
Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College
Of Engineering and Technology
A Place To Learn And Succeed In Life
RGMCET was established in 1995
when it started functioning in the
campus of The Nandyal Public school.
Today, it is located in a 32-acre sprawling
campus on NH-40 at NANDYAL,
Andhra Pradesh, with a motto of
“Education For Peace”. It has been the
dedication, commitment and efforts of
Dr. M. Santhiramudu, Chairman,
RGMCET, the man with vision, who
started the Institution, which has taken
the Institute to new heights. Rajeev
Gandhi Memorial College of
Engineering and Technology, Nandyal,
Andhra Pradesh, was inaugurated on
March 9,1996 by Late Sri P.V.
Narasimha Rao, the then Prime Minister
of India, and Sri N. Chandrababu Naidu,
the then Chief Minister of Andhra
Pradesh. The Institute is one of the top
engineering colleges of Andhra Pradesh.
The Institute has got permanent
affiliation from JNTUA
Ananthapuramu.
The College has been placed in 201-
250 Rank Band in National Institutional
Ranking Framework (NIRF) 2021 &
2022 by Ministry of Education,
Government of India.
The College is ranked by many
magazines through various Ranking
agencies in India.
The Institution has been conferred
Autonomous status by UGC in 2010 and
has upgraded the curriculum and
regulations as per the needs of the
industry and society from time to time.
All the UG eligible Courses in the
Institute are accredited five times by
NBA and recently in Tier-I category.
The Institute has also got accredited by
NAAC with A+ grade (3.54 out of 4.0
CGPA). The Institute has been
accredited by TCS for placements. The
Institute has DSIR (Ministry of Science
& Technology) recognition for the
exemption of excise duty for the
research equipment procured. It was
selected for the World Bank assisted
TEQIP-1 for quality improvement. The
Institute is ISO 9001-2015 certified. The
Jawahar Knowledge Centre of the
Institute has been awarded as the best
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Nandyal
JKC centre twice by the Government
of Andhra Pradesh for highest campus
placements. The Institute offers number
of Skill Development Programmes and
has been sanctioned the Deen Dayal
Upadhaya KAUSHAL Kendra under
Union Ministry of Education. The
Institute has been conferred with College
with Potential for Excellence (CPE) by
UGC, New Delhi in 2016.
The Institute has been recognised as
SIEMENS INC “Technical Skill
Development Institute” (TSDI) by
Government of Andhra Pradesh in
association with APSSDC in 2016, apart
from establishing two CM’s Skill Centres
in 2018. In order to make every student
industry ready, pursue higher education
and research, there is a constant effort
to work in coordination with the alumni
who frequently visit the campus and
deliver talks to create awareness about
the requirements of the industry and
being employable. On a continuous
basis, the Institution is embarking on a
journey towards excellence in quality
education and research.
The Institute has been working with
a vision to develop this rural-based
engineering college into an institute of
technical education with global standards
and to inculcate value-based education
with noble goal of “Education for peace
and progress”. Dr. M. Santhiramudu
strived a lot to bring technical education
to the people of Rayalaseema region of
Andhra Pradesh. Undergraduate
program is equipped with all required
infrastructure that provides strong
theoretical knowledge supplemented by
state-of-the-art skills which turn young
graduates to success-oriented
entrepreneurs, says Vidyarathna Dr. M.
Santhiramudu, Chairman of the
Institution.
RGMCET offers 9 UG Engineering
(Bachelor of Technology) courses which
include Civil Engineering, Computer
Science Engineering, Electronics &
Communication Engineering, Electrical
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,
Computer Science & Engineering &
Business Systems, Computer Science &
Dr. M. Santhiramudu,
Chairman
Engineering (Data Science), Computer
Science & Engineering (Artificial
Intelligence &Machine Learning) and
Computer Science & Engineering (Cyber
Security). It also offers 5 PG
Engineering courses in Computer
Science, Power Electronics, Structural
Engineering, Machine Design,
embedded systems, MBA, MCA as well
as 5 Doctoral Programs in Electrical
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,
Electronics & Communication
Engineering, Civil Engineering,
Computer Science and Engineering of
JNT University Anantapur,
Ananthapuramu. The intake of the
Institute per annum is 1,332 students.
The Institute has excellent infrastructural
facilities and instructional facilities. So
far, in the last 28 years of existence, 25
batches of students have graduated with
average results of 85% to 90% and
secured 11 gold medals in total from
the University.
The Institute gives utmost priority to
train and prepare the students for
placements. The training and placement
cell organises number of training
programmes from first year onwards to
make the students industry ready, which
has resulted in more than 90%
placements among eligible students in
top MNCs, placed all over the World.
117
 ORIENTAL GROUP OF INSTITUTES
Dear Readers,
Oriental Group of Institutes has been a
pioneering group for Technical Education.
Since the inception of the flagship Institute
in 1995, we have been the forerunner in
every aspect of modern-day education and
creating new paradigms of success.
Of late, the Oriental School, established
in 2019, has also been a creative venture in
providing holistic education to primary kids.
The Oriental University at Indore is a
multidisciplinary university spread over
massive 77 acres of land. Established in
2011, it is a private, self-financing University
offering several technical and non-technical
U.G. & P.G. multidisciplinary courses,
while the other professional Institutes
under the “Oriental Umbrella” are as below:
✶ Oriental Institute of Science &
Technology, Bhopal
✶ Oriental College of Technology, Bhopal
✶ Oriental College of Pharmacy, Bhopal
✶ Oriental College of Management,
Bhopal
✶ Oriental Institute of Science &
Technology, Jabalpur
✶ Oriental Institute of Professional
Studies, Jabalpur
✶ Oriental Engineering College
(Polytechnic), Jabalpur.
These institutes under the Oriental
Group are approved by AICTE &
Government of Madhya Pradesh, affiliated
to RGPV, Bhopal, except for the
Management Institute, which is
affiliated with BU Bhopal. Major UG
courses at the Oriental Institute of Science
& Technology are accredited by the
National Board of Accreditation (NBA),
New Delhi. It stands tall by updating itself
with new emerging technological courses
in Data Science, Cyber Security and
Business Systems. It has been a proud
organiser of esteemed conferences like
IEEE CSNT, Springer, Idea, RACE and
the coveted ACM annual summit.
Academic Excellence is the prime
function at Oriental, well supported
by competent faculty, exquisite
infrastructure, and state-of-the-art facilities,
thus carving a niche in the field of Technical
Education, being the recipient of
Chancellor’s gold and silver medals in
University exams every year.
Co-curricular Activities at the Oriental
Group are buzzing with Clubs and Cells
functioning at departmental and Institute
levels. Induction, Training and Internship
programs, along with regular Expert Talks
and Industrial Visits, are held regularly to
chisel students’ competence. Our in-house
team of corporate trainers has enabled
specialised sessions for personality
development to produce well-rounded
professionals.
Mentor-Mentee System prevailing at
Oriental caters to the psychological needs
118
of the students by providing on-campus
counselling even before (s)he takes
admission. While our pre-admission
Counseling Team works for Career
Guidance, the Tutor-Guardians
(TG) ensure continuous monitoring and
academic growth of the mentees.
Placement being the vital parameter of
success, is quite impressive here. The
Group stands No. 1 in MP and has offered
impressive placements to students in
various companies, including the world’s
top corporate and Fortune 500 companies.
Companies like Microsoft and Amazon
International have onboarded some
students this year, showing the rise in
competence over the past few years.
Extra-Curricular Activities are focused
at Oriental for students’ overall
development. Different kinds of cultural
activities, like a national-level Techno-
Cultural & Sports Fest held annually, are
among the best events hosted by private
colleges in Central India. National Go
Karting Championships, organised by SAE,
India, Smart Hackathons organised
by Ministry of Education, Government of
India, RGPV Sports, Literary, Cultural at-
Nodal, State and National level have
winners from Oriental Group for many
years.
Salient &Distinctive Features Of
Oriental Group
✶ Strong Foundation: One of the oldest
self-financed Educational Groups in
Central India, Oriental was founded in
1995 by Dr. K.L. Thakral, a prominent
educationist and recipient of
many international and national awards.
✶ Rich Human Resource: Ably
administered by a team of dedicated
personnel, the Group ensures the
best culture and discipline.
✶ Cordial Partnership With Industry:
MoU with Royal Enfield and tie up with
CI Hyundai for training students in the
premises; Accreditation to both
Engineering institutes by Tata
Consultancy Services (TCS), one of the
highest ranked IT services companies;
Campus Academy for AWS, Oracle,
Cisco and Red Hat, for grooming of
students by globally certified trainers.
✶ Best Placements: Impressive
placement of more than 90% of the
eligible students.
✶ Well-Placed Alumni: Professionally
and resourcefully placed alumni working
for the best organisations.
✶ Innovation & Startup Culture:
AICTE Idea Lab for skill upgradation,
Institution Innovation Council (IIC)
approved by MHRD, Government of
India; Centre for Innovation and
Technological Enhancement (CITE);
Government of India; Tie-up with
B-Nest (Incubation Centre of
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Mr. Praveen Thakral
Chancellor – Oriental University, Indore
Chairman – Oriental Group of Institutes
Government of MP; Successful startups
by students; Strong Entrepreneurial
Network as back-end support to the
students in industries.
✶ High-End Labs and Exclusive Software:
Keeps the knowledge updated in staff
and students.
✶ E-learning Mode Active: ERP Software
for uploading content, notes and
references.
✶ MoU with Coursera has been done to
train 1000+ students and faculty every
year.
Laurels
✶ OIST (EC, CSE, CE, EX, ME)
accredited by NBA.
✶ OCT certified by NAAC for Overall
Quality Improvement.
✶ Promising Brand figuring in ARIIA
Ranking, 2022 (Atal Ranking of
Institutions on Innovations
Achievements)
✶ Awarded the title of “Most Preferred
College in Central India” by
ASSOCHAM.
✶ Best Employability Award by AMCAT,
a renowned testing agency.
✶ Bestowed with the Education Icon
award by the Hon’ble Minister for
Technical Education, Government of
M/P
✶ Top Institute of India Award by CSR,
after evaluation on set parameters.
In all, Oriental has now become one of
the most preferred destinations for quality
education, professional grooming and
overall development of students. I am sure
the brand Oriental that has percolated in
society shall stay committed
to producing better citizens and
professionals for the country.
We follow our motto, “No one else cares
for the students as we do”, in practice, and
that can be witnessed by visiting the campus
by the students.
For more information, you may also visit
our websites:
www.oriental.ac.in and www.oui.edu.in.
 AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE
EXAMINATIONS (AICE)
Making Nation Builders of India@100
Over the past two years technology
has significantly impacted our lives,
which has permanently changed—or
rather, improved—how we live. Online
meetings and possibilities of work from
home have helped millions of people
around the world achieve the much-
needed work-life balance, and online
learning has brought the cosmos into
the homes of students.
India saw a massive transition to
online classes and digital learning for
the first time ever in 2020 and all the
stakeholders (educators, learners,
parents) took to it like a duck takes to
water. Amity was at the forefront of the
transition and the first educational
institution in India to use an online
learning model, thanks to the visionary
leadership and direction of Dr (Mrs)
Amita Chauhan, Chairperson, Amity
Group of Schools and RBEF. Her
foresightedness and rich experience
made her envision the technology-
assisted, flipped classroom-blended
learning as the future of education in
the country.
Amity Institute of Competitive
Examinations, a boulevard of learning,
instituted in the year 2000, where
competition preparatory curriculum is
seamlessly interwoven into school
learning as well, became the forerunner
of online competitive test preparation.
This change ushered in a new era in the
field of competitive test preparation,
saving students valuable time and energy
while also endowing them with academic
excellence and acumen to pass difficult
competitive examinations. However, just
like any warrior who fought on the
battlefield, AICE experts also had to
contend with greater difficulties on a
different front: the evolving Indian
educational landscape and ecosystem.
Exams like CET and NEET were
administered online in 2020, but JEE
(Main) for engineering and NEET for
medicine were suspended and
rescheduled. Curriculums and
examination patterns were modified, for
instance the switch from subjective
questions to MCQ as well as the
reduction in the number of questions
for CLAT were introduced. For the
pupils and parents, many of whom lost
their motivation due to the COVID 19
pandemic, this transition came as a
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
genuine test of nerves. However, AICE
overcame these obstacles and deftly
transformed into learning that was
supported by intelligent lessons that
were interwoven with videos,
animations, and learning games that were
developed by AICE professionals after
thorough research and with an eye
toward the future. Mobile devices and
laptops replaced desks in the classroom,
while Microsoft Teams replaced the
blackboard.
Synergising its educational and training
approaches with those of the evolving
world of the 21st century, with the help
of a top-notch infrastructure made up
of interactive teaching materials and
customised assessment methods
supported by cutting-edge technology,
AICE has now developed into the
pinnacle of excellence in flipped
classroom blended learning. It is devoted
to producing top-tier, globally
competitive professionals who can usher
in a time where change is the only
constant and flexibility and agility are
valued above all else.
Programmes at AICE
Synchrostudy, Two/One year
Classroom Contact Programme for
Engineering (JEE) and Medical
(NEET & AIIMS)
Specially designed for Engineering
(JEE) and Medical (NEET & AIIMS)
Entrance Examinations, it offers a
complete synergy between the
curriculum of CBSE and the competitive
examinations (JEE & Medical) for 10+2
enabling them to excel in both the
examinations.
SynConnect and
Foundation Courses
It is a paradigmatic concept to nurture
competitive competence and scientific
temperament in young minds from
Classes VI to X.
Amity National and
International Science and
Mathematics Olympiads
Prepares the student for Olympiads
such as IMO, ISO, NSEJS, VVM,
ANCQ, NSO.
DLP- Distance
Learning Program
DLP is solely dedicated to providing
the best possible support to students to
develop their scientific and mathematical
acumen. This program caters to students
from class 6 to 10 Pan India
CLAT/ AILET/ CUET
CLAT/ AILET are the current two,
most popular entrance exams for Law
graduate admission in India for
admission into the 22 NLUs and other
allied LAW Schools, AILET for NLU
Delhi, SLAT (SLS Pune, Noida,
Hyderabad, Nagpur), BLAT (for BHU-
Law), MHCET (for GLC Mumbai, ILS
Pune), etc. CUET is applicable to secure
admission in 45 Central Universities in
India.
Management Entrance
Examinations (CAT/MAT/
XAT/SNAP/NMAT)
A tailormade course for management
entrance examinations, it comprises
updated course material designed by
industry experts and experienced faculty
members round the year.
GMAT, GRE, SAT,
AP & IELTS
These are mandatory exams for
applying to study abroad for both
undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
AICE bestows global competitive
prowess to the learners with these
specialised programmes.
Campus Placements ARA /
Skill Enhancement Programs
AICE offers a holistic personality
grooming programme where the
University aspirants are also provided
with professional and soft skills like
resume making, interview and written
aptitude tests to facilitate smooth Amity
University campus placements.
Amity thus aims to nurture the best
of talents from across the nation, putting
India on the international map. With the
success mantra BHAAG being our
guiding star, AICE has kept its tryst with
destiny, by working constantly and
indefatigably towards making learning
happen. Excellence is our habit,
innovation is our soul and winning is
our attitude. AICE, under the aegis of
Dr. (Mrs.) Amita Chauhan,
Chairperson, Amity Group of
Schools, has been working hard towards
fulfilling Amity’s vision to make India a
“KnowledgeSuperpower”.
119
LUKMAAN IAS
MOCK TEST
MOCK TEST
Civil Services Prelims Exam
Paper - I : General Studies
ECONOMY – SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Which of the following measures is/are not likely to be
taken by the government as part of the Counter-Cyclical
Fiscal Policy to deal with the economic slowdown?
1. Decrease in the tax rates
2. Cut down the government expenditure
3. Provide higher tax exemptions
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
2. Consider the following statements:
1. The share of both the Agriculture Sector and the
Industrial Sector in the GDP has declined in the
last decade.
2. The contribution of the Services Sector to the
GDP has increased in the last decade.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
3. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a) Increase in the food prices would have much higher
impact on the CPI, than the WPI.
(b) Increase in the prices of the petroleum products
would have higher impact on the WPI, than the
CPI.
(c) Increase/decrease in the prices of the
manufactured products would have higher impact
on the WPI, than the CPI.
(d) Increase in the prices of the intermediate inputs
would have direct impact on both the WPI and
the CPI.
4. In which of the following ways the “Refined Retail
Core Inflation” is different from the “Retail Core
Inflation”?
(a) The Retail Core Inflation excludes volatile
commodities produced in India, while the Refined
Retail Core Inflation excludes even the volatile
commodities imported into India.
(b) The Retail Core Inflation includes the indirect
taxes, while the Refined Retail Core Inflation
excludes the indirect taxes.
(c) The Retail Core Inflation excludes only the food
commodities, while the Refined Retail Core
Inflation excludes both food and fuel.
(d) The Retail Core Inflation excludes food and fuel
(except petrol and diesel), while the Refined Retail
Core Inflation excludes food and fuel (including
petrol and diesel).
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
5. “Taper Tantrums” in the developing countries, such as
India, are associated with which of the following?
1. Sudden appreciation in the Indian Rupee
2. Decrease in the bond yields
3. Volatility in the capital market
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3 only
6. Consider the following statements related to the present
status of India’s external trade:
1. USA is the largest export destination of the
merchandise goods from India.
2. UAE is the largest exporter of the merchandise
goods to India.
3. India’s highest trade merchandise deficit is with
China.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
7. Which of the following statements correctly depicts
the definition of a “Start-up” company in India?
(a) A company which is less than 10 years old and
with a market valuation of more than $ 1 billion.
(b) An entity which is less than 10 years old with an
annual turnover not exceeding Rs. 100 crore for
any of the financial years since incorporation/
registration.
(c) An entity which is less than 7 years old with an
annual turnover not exceeding Rs. 100 crore for
any of the financial years since incorporation/
registration.
(d) A company which has so far not been listed on
the stock exchanges.
8. Which of the following is/are part of the Inflation
Targeting Framework in India?
1. Explicit targets to be achieved in terms of inflation
and GDP growth rate.
2. Obligation on the RBI to submit report to the
Government if it fails to meet the target.
3. Decisions of the Monetary Policy Committee
(MPC) to be based on consensus.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
143
MOCK TEST
9. Which of the following can be associated with the 14. With respect to the “Global Infrastructure Facility
Liquidity Trap in an economy? (GIF)”, consider the following statements:
1. Lower rate of inflation 1. It is an initiative of the Shanghai Cooperation
2. Expansionary Monetary Policy Organization.
3. Higher domestic savings 2. It integrates the efforts of the Multilateral
Select the correct answer using the code given below: Development Banks (MDBs), private sector
(a) 1 and 2 only investors and financiers, and governments
interested in infrastructure investment in the
(b) 2 and 3 only Emerging Markets and Developing Economies
(c) 1 and 3 only (EMDEs).
(d) 1, 2 and 3 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
10. With reference to the Structured Financial Messaging (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
System (SFMS), consider the following statements: (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. It is a secure interbank communication platform 15. With respect to the “Reserve Tranche”, consider the
for the Indian Banking Sector and is modelled on
following statements:
the lines of the International SWIFT Platform.
1. It is a portion of the required quota of currency
2. The SFMS has been developed by the National
Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). each member country must provide to
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
2. This can be utilised by the country for its purposes
(a) 1 only with a service fee or economic reform conditions.
(b) 2 only 3. They are the facilities of a second resort, which
(c) Both 1 and 2 the countries can tap after formal credit tranche.
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
11. With respect to the “New Development Bank (NDB)”, (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
consider the following statements: (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
1. It is a multilateral development bank, established 16. With respect to the “Multilateral Investment Guarantee
by the BRICS states. Agency (MIGA)”, consider the following statements:
2. It was founded at the 6th BRICS Summit in 1. It is a member of the World Bank Group.
Fortaleza (Brazil).
2. India is a founding member of the MIGA.
3. The votes are based on the size of each member
country’s economy. 3. It works with the private sector to boost
entrepreneurship and create sustainable businesses.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(b) 1 and 2 only (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 17. Consider the following statements:
12. With respect to the “Asian Infrastructure Investment 1. The Green Box subsidies have to be government-
Bank (AIIB)”, consider the following statements: funded and must not involve price support.
1. The membership in the AIIB is open to all the 2. The Amber Box includes the subsidies that are
members of the World Bank. trade-distorting, but are given by the government
for welfare.
2. It is headquartered in Beijing.
3. The Blue Box subsidies are direct payments under
3. Russia holds the largest share, followed by China. a production limiting programme and there is a
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 5% limit on them for the developing countries.
(a) 1 only Which of the statements given above are correct?
(b) 3 only (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3 18. With respect to the “Agreement on Trade-Related
13. With respect to the “Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Investment Measures (TRIMs)”, consider the following
(BEPS)”, consider the following statements: statements:
1. In this, the multinational companies shift their 1. The term “Trade-Related Investment Measures”
profits from high tax jurisdictions to low tax (TRIMs) is not defined in the Agreement.
jurisdictions in order to pay less tax. 2. Local content requirements are not included in
2. The Multilateral Convention is an outcome of the the list of the prohibited TRIMs.
OECD/G20 Project to tackle the BEPS. 3. The coverage of the Agreement applies to the
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? investment measures related to the trade in goods
(a) 1 only and services.
(b) 2 only Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(c) Both 1 and 2 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 2 and 3 only
144 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
19. With respect to the ‘developing countries’, consider
the following statements:
1. The WTO categorised the countries as developed
and developing, based on their GDP growth.
2. The members of the WTO can challenge the
decision of a member to make use of the
provisions available to the developing countries.
3. The developing countries comprise a majority of
the WTO membership.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 2 and 3 only
20. Which of the following indications is/are not registrable
under the Geographical Indications of Goods
(Registration and Protection) Act, 1999?
1. Its usage would likely to deceive or cause
confusion.
2. Its usage would be contrary to any law for the
time being in force.
3. It includes or contains obscene or scandalous
material.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
21. With reference to the Wholesale Price Index (WPI),
consider the following statements:
1. The WPI considers the price of services and
reflects the consumer price situation in the country.
2. The government revised the base year for the WPI
from 2004-05 to 2011-12.
3. The WPI is extensively used for short-term policy
intervention, as it is the only index that is available
on a weekly basis.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
22. Consider the following statements:
1. A V-shaped recovery is characterised by a quick
and sustained recovery in the measures of
economic performance, after a sharp economic
decline.
2. Because of the speed of economic adjustment
and recovery in macro-economic performance, a
V-shaped recovery is a best-case scenario given
the recession.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
23. With reference to the Climate SMART Cities
Assessment Framework (CSCAF), consider the
following statements:
1. It is an initiative to incentivise a holistic, climate
responsive development in 1000 smart cities under
the Smart City Mission.
2. This is a first-of-its-kind public assessment
framework on climate-relevant parameters.
3. The Nodal Officer appointed at the Smart City
Limited is in charge of filling the Climate SMART
Cities Assessment Framework.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
24. With reference to the Capital Gains Tax, consider the
following statements:
1. Under the Income Tax Act, 1961 gains from the
sale of capital assets, both movable and immovable,
are subject to the Capital Gains Tax.
2. Movable personal assets, such as cars, apparel and
furniture are included in this tax.
3. The Budget for 2022-23 has introduced a capping
of surcharge at 15% for the Long-Term Capital
Gains on all types of assets, irrespective of the
capital gain.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
25. With reference to the transfers of surplus made by the
RBI, consider the following statements:
1. The central bank transfers the surplus to the
government, in accordance with the provision of
the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
2. There is an explicit policy on the distribution of
surplus between the central bank and the
government.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
26. With reference to the National Monetisation Pipeline
(NMP), consider the following statements:
1. The National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) has
been developed by NITI Aayog, based on the
mandate for ‘Asset Monetisation’, under the Union
Budget 2021-22.
2. It aims to unlock value in both Greenfield and
Brownfield projects by engaging the private sector.
3. Under the Pipeline, only the revenue rights will be
transferred to the private sectors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
27. ‘The State Nutrition Profiles” is a joint effort of which
of the following institutions?
1. NITI Aayog
2. International Food Policy Research Institute
(IFPRI)
3. Indian Institute of Population Sciences (IIPS)
4. UNICEF
5. Institute of Economic Growth (IEG)
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 5 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
145
MOCK TEST
28. With reference to bond yield, consider the following Select the correct answer using the code given below:
statements: (a) 1 and 4 only
1. The mathematical formula for calculating yield is (b) 1, 2 and 3 only
the annual coupon rate, divided by the current (c) 4 only
market price of the bond. (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2. There is a direct relationship between the yield 34. Which of the following contributes/contribute the
and the price of the bond. lowest share to India’s GDP?
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) Government Final Consumption Expenditure
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (GFCE)
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (b) Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE)
29. With reference to the Debtor Reporting System (DRS), (c) Gross Capital Formation
consider the following statements: (d) Net Exports
1. It was established by the Organisation for 35. Consider a particular commodity “X”. The demand
Economic Co-operation and Development for the commodity “X” increases, as its price increases.
(OECD). In this case, commodity “X” can be considered as
2. It is maintained to monitor the debt of the (a) Inferior Goods (b) Veblen Goods
developing countries. (c) Giffen Goods (d) Normal Goods
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 36. Consider a particular commodity “X”. Commodity “X”
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only has no close substitutes and hence, cannot be easily
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 replaced by other goods. In such case, price elasticity
30. Higher parking of funds by the banks with the Reserve of commodity “X” is
Bank of India under the Reverse Repo is likely to (a) Relatively Elastic
(a) increase both the Reserve Money and the Broad (b) Relatively Inelastic
Money. (c) Unitary Elastic
(b) increase the Broad Money, but reduce the Reserve (d) Perfectly Elastic
Money. 37. Which of the following are ‘Injections’ in the model
(c) increase the Reserve Money, but reduce the Broad of ‘Circular Flow of National Income’?
Money. 1. Savings
(d) decrease both the Reserve Money and the Broad 2. Taxes paid to the government
Money. 3. Investments
31. Which of the following is/are likely to lead to increase 4. Exports
in the Money Multiplier in an economy? Select the correct answer using the code given below:
1. Increase in the Reserve Money (M0) (a) 1 and 3 only
2. Decrease in the Broad Money (M3) (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
3. Decrease in the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) (c) 3 and 4 only
Select the correct answer using the code given below: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(a) 1 and 2 only 38. Consider the following statements:
(b) 3 only 1. India is the fifth largest economy in terms of GDP
size in 2020-21.
(c) 2 and 3 only
2. India is the third largest economy in terms of
(d) 1, 2 and 3 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).
32. Which of the following can be considered as the Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
source(s) of money supply in India? (a) 1 only
1. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) (b) 2 only
2. Government (c) Both 1 and 2
3. Banks (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Select the correct answer using the code given below: 39. With reference to the trends in India’s GDP growth,
(a) 1 only consider the following statements:
(b) 1 and 2 only 1. Both Real GDP and Nominal GDP (in absolute
(c) 1 and 3 only value) have consistently increased in the last 3-4
(d) 1, 2 and 3 years, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
33. Which of the following transactions gets/get accounted 2. Both Real GDP Growth Rate and Nominal GDP
under India’s GDP? Growth Rate have declined in the last 3-4 years,
prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
1. Goods manufactured in a particular year, but
remain unsold. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
2. Money spent by the Indian residents abroad for (a) 1 only
travel and tourism. (b) 2 only
3. Money spent by the non-residents within India. (c) Both 1 and 2
4. Investment in R&D. (d) Neither 1 nor 2
146 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
40. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Bank Rate is the minimum interest rate, below
which the financial institutions cannot lend.
2. MCLR is the minimum rate of interest, which a
central bank charges, while lending loans to the
domestic banks.
3. Repo Rate is the interest rate charged by the RBI,
when it lends money to the banks against securities
for short term only.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1 only
41. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Seigniorage is the difference between the value of
currency/money and the cost of producing it.
2. If the cost involved in its production crosses its
value, then the government earns a profit.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
42. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Gross Capital Formation includes Gross Domestic
Fixed Capital Formation, as well as change in stock.
2. Gross Domestic Capital Formation includes all
expenses made by the households, business people
and the government, adding new durable goods
to the fixed capital stock of a country.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
43. Which of the following statements are incorrect
regarding the Index of Eight Core Industries (ICI)?
1. It is released by the Central Statistical Organisation.
2. Eight core industries comprise of Coal, Crude
Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilisers,
Steel, Cement and Electricity.
3. Electricity shares the maximum weight in the
Index.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
44. Which of the following statements is/are correct
regarding Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana?
1. The scheme is intended to provide complete
compensation for wage loss in terms of cash
incentives to the women.
2. The scheme is intended to benefit all pregnant
women and lactating mothers.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
45. Which of the following statements is/are correct
regarding the Consumer Protection Act, 2019?
1. It promulgates a three-tier quasi-judicial mechanism
for the redressal of the consumer disputes.
2. As per the existing provisions of this Act, the
National Commission has the jurisdiction to
entertain the complaints, where the value of goods
or services paid as consideration, exceeds Rs. 1
crore.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
46. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. The FATF is an international non-governmental
body that works to set standards to combat money
laundering and terror financing.
2. “Jurisdictions with Strategic Deficiencies” are put
under the “Black List”.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
47. Which of the following statements is/are correct
regarding the Financial Stability Report (FSR), released
by the RBI?
1. It is published twice a year.
2. As part of the FSR, the RBI also conducts a
Systemic Risk Survey.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
48. The term “Reserve Assets”, seen frequently in the news,
refers to:
(a) The external assets that are readily available to
and controlled by the monetary authorities to
manage multiple things, like meeting the Balance
of Payments financing needs, etc.
(b) The external assets that are readily available to
and controlled by the Central Government to
manage multiple things, like meeting the Balance
of Payments financing needs, etc.
(c) The external assets that are readily available to
and controlled by the International Monetary Fund
(IMF) to manage multiple things, like meeting the
Balance of Payments financing needs, etc., of the
countries.
(d) The external assets that are readily available to
and controlled by the World Bank to manage
multiple things, like meeting the Balance of
Payments financing needs, etc., of the countries.
49. Which of the following statements is/are correct about
the Sovereign Gold Bond (SGB) Scheme?
1. Eligible investors include individuals, trusts,
universities and charitable institutions.
2. Joint holding is not allowed in this Scheme.
3. In this Scheme, the investor does not lose in terms
of the units of gold which he has paid for.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
147
MOCK TEST
50. Which of the following statements is/are correct about
the NLM (National Livestock Mission)
Entrepreneurship Scheme?
1. The main objective of this Scheme is the
promotion of entrepreneurship in the field of rural
poultry, sheep, goat, pig and fodder.
2. The maximum subsidy ceiling for different
components varies from Rs. 25 lakh to Rs. 2 crore.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
51. With reference to the Targeted Public Distribution
System (TPDS), consider the following statements:
1. The TPDS was launched in 1997.
2. The Central Government is responsible for
delivering the allocated food grains to each ration
shop.
3. The states have the discretion to provide
commodities, such as sugar, kerosene and fortified
atta under the TPDS.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
52. Consider the following statements regarding the
Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY):
1. Households headed by widows are entitled to an
AAY card.
2. Under the Scheme, the government provides highly
subsidized rate of Rs.2/- per kg. for rice and
Rs. 3/- per kg. for wheat.
3. The states/UTs bear the distribution cost, including
the margin to the dealers and the retailers, as well
as the transportation cost.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
53. With reference to the Sampoorna Bima Gram Yojana,
consider the following statements:
1. Under the Scheme, in each Revenue District, at
least one village with minimum 100 households,
will be selected.
2. All villages under the Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana
will be covered under it.
3. Each household will be given at least one Rural
Postal Life Insurance Policy (RPLI).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
54. Consider the following statements about the National
Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS):
1. The Scheme has the provision of sharing of 25%
of the prescribed stipend, subject to a maximum
of Rs. 1,500 per month per apprentice with the
employers.
2. It has the provision of sharing of the basic training
cost upto a maximum of Rs. 50,000 per apprentice.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
148
55. With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti
Nirman (PM POSHAN) Scheme, consider the
following statements:
1. It was earlier known as the National Programme
for Mid-Day Meal in Schools.
2. The Scheme is one of the foremost rights-based
Centrally Sponsored Schemes.
3. This Scheme covers all school children studying
in Classes I-X in the Government and the
Government-aided schools.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
56. Consider the following statements:
1. The Agriculture Infrastructure Fund is a
medium-long term debt financing facility for
investment in viable projects for post-harvest
management infrastructure and community farming
assets, through interest subvention and credit
guarantee.
2. The Agricultural Produce Market Committees
(APMCs) have been recognised as one of the eligible
entities under the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
57. Consider the following statements about the Payments
Infrastructure Development Fund:
1. This Fund would provide digital and physical
payment infrastructure in all Tier-I cities of India.
2. The Fund would be shared between the Reserve
Bank of India, along with the banks and the card
issuers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
58. Consider the following statements with reference to
the Monetary Policy Framework Agreement signed in
2015:
1. The objective of the Monetary Policy Framework
is to primarily maintain price stability, while keeping
in mind the objective of growth.
2. The Agreement talked about setting up of a
Monetary Policy Committee.
3. Controlling inflation would be based on the status
of the Consumer Price Index.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
59. Consider the following statements with reference to
LIBOR and MIBOR:
1. These are interbank lending rates used in the UK
and India respectively.
2. The rate of MIBOR is decided by the Reserve
Bank of India.
3. LIBOR is used as the base rate for external
commercial borrowings in India.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
60. Consider the following statements with reference to 66. Consider the following statements:
the Sovereign Wealth Fund: 1. The seed capital does not involve the exchange of
1. Under this Fund, the private companies invest in equity between the Start-up and the investor.
stock markets or equities to earn capital gains. 2. Under the Start-up India Seed Fund Scheme,
2. The National Infrastructure and Investment Fund Rs. 5 crore will be provided to the Start-ups at the
is the only such Fund created by the Government early stage through incubators.
of India for development purposes. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
3. Other countries are not allowed to invest in the (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Sovereign Wealth Fund of India. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 67. Consider the following statements about the
(a) 2 only (b) 3 only Participatory Notes:
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only 1. These instruments are used by the Indian investors
61. Which of the following are parts of the Indradhanush to invest in the capital markets.
Road map for the banking system?
2. They are issued by the Indian Institutional
1. Top level appointments Investors.
2. Capitalisation
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
3. Empowerment of staff
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
4. Framework of accountability
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
5. Foreign Direct Investment in the banks
Select the correct answer using the code given below: 68. Which of the following statements is/are correct about
the Forward Markets Commission?
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only (b) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
1. It regulates the commodity market.
(c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
62. Consider the following statements about the 2. It has now been merged with the Securities and
Differentiated Banks: Exchange Board of India.
1. Both the Payments and the Small Finance Banks Select the correct answer using the code given below:
are registered under the Companies Act, 2013. (a) 1 only
2. Foreign Direct Investment is only allowed in the (b) 2 only
Payments Banks. (c) Both 1 and 2
3. Only Small Finance Banks can lend loans to its (d) Neither 1 nor 2
customers. 69. Which of the following statements is/are correct about
Which of the statements given above are correct? the Financial Stability and Development Council
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (FSDC)?
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 1. It is headed by the Reserve Bank of India.
63. Consider the following statements: 2. It was created to enhance the inter-regulatory
1. The Services Price Index is published by the co-ordination.
Central Statistical Organisation about the service 3. Its decisions are binding on the financial regulators.
sector performance in India.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
2. The Producer Price Index measures the average
change in the price of goods and services, either (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
as they leave the place of production, or as they (c) 2 only (d) 2 and 3 only
enter the production process. 70. Which of the following statements is/are correct about
3. The Producer Price Index covers both goods and the IFC Masala Bonds?
services while measuring the price change. 1. These are Rupee-Denominated Bonds, issued
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? outside India by the Indian entities.
(a) 2 only (b) 3 only 2. Only private entities can issue these Bonds.
(c) 1 only (d) 2 and 3 only 3. The money raised through these Bonds cannot be
64. Which of the following economic activities shows the used in real estate activities.
Cobweb phenomenon? Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) Production of automobiles (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(b) Cropping of pulses (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1,2 and 3
(c) Functioning of the voluntary sector
71. Which of the following statements is/are correct about
(d) Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment the Ways and Means Advances (WMAs)?
65. The World Social Protection Report is published by
1. The maturity period for the WMAs is 90 days.
which of the following?
(a) The World Economic Forum 2. Interest rate charged in these instruments is
(b) The United Nations Educational, Scientific and equivalent to the existing Reverse Repo Rate.
Cultural Organization Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(c) The International Labour Organization (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(d) The World Bank (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 149
MOCK TEST
72. Which of the following statements best describes the
term “Inflation”?
(a) Sustained increase in the general level of prices
for goods and services.
(b) Rise of one or a small group of commodities
over a sustained period of time.
(c) Impact of the rise in the price levels in the previous
year over the corresponding rise in the price levels
in the current year.
(d) Too much money chasing too few goods.
73. Consider the following statements regarding the
Consumer Price Index (CPI):
1. It measures the changes over time in the general
level of prices of the goods and services that
businesses acquire for the purpose of consumption.
2. The CPI numbers are used as a macro-economic
indicator of inflation, as a tool by the governments
and the central banks for inflation targeting and
for monitoring price stability, and as deflators in
the national accounts.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
74. Consider the following statements:
1. Regulator and supervisor of the financial system.
2. Issues and exchanges or destroys currency and
coins not fit for circulation.
3. Performs a wide range of promotional functions
to support the national objectives.
Which of the statements given above correctly
describes/describe the functions performed by the
Reserve Bank of India?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
75. With reference to controlling inflation, consider the
following statements:
1. Cash Reserve Ratio; Statutory Liquidity Ratio; and
Bank-Rate are the most important fiscal measures
to control inflation.
2. Banning export of the goods in which inflation is
high is one of the measures which the government
often resorts to.
3. Releasing advisory to the states to allow free
movement of fruits and vegetables by delisting
them from the Agricultural Produce Market
Committee (APMC) Act, 2003.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
76. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Accommodative Policy Stance means the RBI may
reduce the policy rates to increase the money
supply in the economy.
2. Under Neutral Stance, key policy rates would move
in either direction.
3. Calibrated Tightening is adopted when there are
concerns of higher rate of inflation.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
150
77. Consider the following statements regarding the
Marginal Standing Facility (MSF):
1. The MSF allows the banks to borrow for a
fortnight from the RBI, by submitting a prescribed
amount of securities with the RBI.
2. The importance of the MSF is that it helps the
banks to borrow from the RBI, even if they do
not have the eligible securities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
78. Consider the following statements regarding the
Consolidated Sinking Fund (CSF):
1. It is a Fund maintained by the states with the RBI
for the redemption of loans raised by them.
2. The money deposited by the states in the CSF is
kept in the lockers of the RBI.
3. The 12th Finance Commission had recommended
that all the states should have to set up
Consolidated Sinking Fund.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
79. Consider the following statements regarding the
Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF):
1. It can be used to both inject, as well as absorb
liquidity by the RBI.
2. The banks can avail the Repo and Reverse Repo
facilities from Monday to Friday.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
80. Consider the following statements regarding the
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR):
1. It is a minimum percentage of deposits that a
commercial bank has to maintain specifically in
the form of liquid cash.
2. It is basically the reserve requirement that the
banks are expected to keep before offering credit
to the customers.
3. These are reserved with the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI).
Which of the statements given above are incorrect ?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
81. With reference to the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR),
consider the following statements:
1. The commercial banks have to hold a certain
minimum amount of deposit as reserves with the
central bank.
2. The percentage of cash required to be kept in
reserves, as against the bank’s total deposits, is
called the Cash Reserve Ratio.
3. The banks cannot lend the CRR money to the
corporates or the individual borrowers, but the
banks can use that money for investment purposes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
82. Consider the following statements:
1. Coins can be used to make payments of any
amounts as ‘legal tender’ in India.
2. Coins are issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
83. Consider the following statements:
1. The Baltic Dry Index tracks the prices for shipping
dry bulk materials on the major shipping routes.
2. The World Container Index captures the shortages
of shipping containers.
3. Both Indexes are published by the Baltic Exchange.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
84. The ‘Vimes Boots Index’ is a recently proposed index
to better capture which of the following?
(a) Inflation
(b) Economic growth
(c) Ease of doing business
(d) Economic impact of Government regulations
85. Consider the following statements:
1. If there is high inflation in a country, the Real
GDP of the country will necessarily increase.
2. Economic growth is usually measured on the basis
on incremental growth in the Real GDP of a
country.
3. The GDP Deflator measures generalised increase
in the prices in an economy.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
86. Consider the following statements about the Asset
Reconstruction Companies (ARCs):
1. The Asset Reconstruction Companies are
registered with the SEBI under this Act.
2. Security receipts issued by the ARCs are tradable.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
87. Which of the following statements correctly relates to
the Special Mention Account?
(a) They are the accounts which have turned NPAs
for more than a year.
(b) They are the accounts which have not turned
NPAs, but are stressed.
(c) They are the accounts which were NPAs, but have
been restructured.
(d) They are the accounts which have been sent for
resolution under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy
Code.
88. Which of the following statements is/are correct
regarding the Agricultural and Processed Food Products
Export Development Authority (APEDA)?
1. APEDA has been entrusted with the responsibility
of monitoring the import of sugar.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
2. APEDA is mandated with the responsibility of
export promotion and development of cocoa and
its products, chocolates of all kinds.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
89. Consider the following statements about the Index of
Industrial Production (IIP):
1. The all India IIP is a composite indicator that
measures the short-term changes in the volume
of production of a basket of industrial products
during a given period with respect to that in a
chosen base period.
2. It is compiled and published yearly by the Central
Statistical Organisation (CSO).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
90. Consider the following statements about the Agreement
on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary
Measures:
1. The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary
and Phytosanitary Measures entered into force with
the establishment of the World Trade Organization
in 1995.
2. It concerns the application of food safety and
animal and plant health regulations.
3. It allows countries to set their own standards.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
91. Consider the following statements:
1. The Eastern Economic Forum was established by
Russia to support the economic development of
Russia’s Far East and to expand international
cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.
2. It is guided by the World Economic Forum.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
92. With respect to the “National Agricultural Cooperative
Marketing Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED)”,
consider the following statements:
1. It was established under the Essential Commodities
Act, 1955.
2. It acts as a warehouseman under the Warehousing
Act, and owns and constructs its own godowns
and cold storages.
3. It guarantees loans or advances, or gives
undertakings to any Society or Company, in which
the Federation has a shareholding.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
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MOCK TEST
93. With respect to the “Minimum Support Price (MSP)”, 98. With respect to the new definition of the MSMEs in
consider the following statements: India, consider the following statements:
1. It is the price at which the government procures 1. The MSMEs would be categorised based upon
certain crops from the farmers to insure them the composite criteria of investment and
against any sharp fall in the prices. employment.
2. It is based on the recommendations of the Cabinet 2. The distinction between manufacturing and service
Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA). enterprises has been done away with.
3. The Government is legally mandated to declare 3. The existing investment limits have been enhanced
the MSP before each cropping season. to aid growth of the MSME enterprises.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect ?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1 and 3 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
94. With respect to the “Global Hunger Index”, consider 99. Which of the following is/are associated with the fixed-
the following statements: term employment introduced under the Industrial
1. It is jointly released by Concern Worldwide and Relations Code, 2020?
Welthungerhilfe. 1. Increase in the permanent workforce in the
2. India is behind most of the neighbouring countries, industries.
like Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. 2. Lack of flexibility to the industries to manage their
Which of the statements given above are correct? workforce.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only 3. Improvement in the social security benefits for
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 the workers.
95. With respect to the “Seed Replacement Rate (SRR)”, Select the correct answer using the code given below:
consider the following statements: (a) 1 and 2 only
1. It is the percentage of area sown out of the total (b) 3 only
area of the crop planted in the season by using (c) 2 and 3 only
certified/quality seeds, other than the farm-saved (d) 1 and 3 only
seed. 100. With reference to the present status of the Capital
2. The higher the Seed Replacement Ratio, the higher Goods in India, consider the following statements:
is the production. 1. India is a net exporter of the Capital Goods.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 2. The National Capital Goods Policy, 2016, seeks to
(a) 1 only increase the share of the Capital Goods
(b) 2 only contribution from present 12% to 20% of the
(c) Both 1 and 2 total manufacturing activity by 2025.
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
96. Which of the following is/are necessarily associated (a) 1 only
with Disinflation in an economy? (b) 2 only
1. Decrease in the prices of goods and services in (c) Both 1 and 2
comparison to the previous year (d) Neither 1 nor 2
2. Negative rate of inflation
3. Decrease in the rate of inflation ANSWERS
Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (c)
(a) 1 only 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
(b) 1 and 2 only 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (a)
(c) 3 only 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (d) 20. (d)
(d) 1 and 3 only 21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (a)
97. With reference to the PM-AASHA Scheme, consider 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (c)
the following statements: 31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (d) 34. (d) 35. (b)
1. The PM-AASHA Scheme provides for physical 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (c)
procurement of pulses, oilseeds and copra. 41. (a) 42. (c) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (a)
2. The Scheme puts a limit on the compensation 46. (d) 47. (c) 48. (a) 49. (a) 50. (a)
amount to be paid to the farmers in case of distress 51. (a) 52. (b) 53. (d) 54. (a) 55. (b)
sale. 56. (c) 57. (b) 58. (d) 59. (c) 60. (d)
61. (d) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (b) 65. (c)
3. The Scheme does not put a limit on the physical 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (c) 69. (c) 70. (b)
procurement of the commodities. 71. (a) 72. (a) 73. (b) 74. (d) 75. (b)
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 76. (d) 77. (b) 78. (c) 79. (c) 80. (b)
(a) 1 only 81. (a) 82. (d) 83. (a) 84. (a) 85. (c)
(b) 1 and 2 only 86. (b) 87. (b) 88. (c) 89. (a) 90. (d)
(c) 1 and 3 only 91. (a) 92. (b) 93. (a) 94. (c) 95. (c)
(d) 2 and 3 only 96. (c) 97. (b) 98. (a) 99. (b) 100. (b)

152 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

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MOCK TEST
Civil Services Prelims Exam
Paper - I : General Studies
Q.1) Which of the following statements is/are incorrect Q.5) Consider the following statements about World
regarding Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD)? Meteorological Organization (WMO)
1. It can remove more than 90% of the SO2 in the 1. It is not a specialised agency of the United
flue gases. Nations.
2. Dry FGD is more prominent as compared to 2. World Meteorological congress meets every four
wet type due to lower capital and operating years to elect president and vice-president of the
expenditure. organization.
3. It can be used to remove the mercury from flue 3. It has linked recent locust swarms with increased
gases. frequency of extreme weather events.
4. Power plants with the FGD are waived from GST Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Compensation Cess. a) 1 only
Select the correct answer using the code given below: b) 1 and 2 only
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 2, 3 and 4 only c) 2 and 3 only
c) 2 and 4 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 d) 1 and 3 only
Q.2) Which of the following statements is correct about Q.6) Which of the following statements is correct about
the procedure of public hearing under Environmental Cooling Emissions and Policy Synthesis Report?
Impact Assessment?
a) As per the report, the actions under Kigali
a) The process of public hearing was introduced Amendment would not be able to avoid
for the first time in the environment impact
temperature rise due to global warming.
assessment in 2006.
b) Cooling appliances have a double burden of
b) Civil society organisations cannot be excluded in
taking part in the procedure of public hearing HFC’s emission and greenhouse gas emission
even if they are not locally situated. from the energy used to power them.
c) The notice for environmental public hearing is c) The demand for cooling in buildings currently
published in at least two newspapers by State accounts for half of the total building electricity
Pollution Control Board. used.
d) The time for filing objections during public d) This report is published jointly by Greenwatch
consultation process is 20 days. and OECD.
Q.3) Which of the following hills/range depict the radial Q.7) With reference to Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) Cells,
form of drainage pattern? consider the following statements:
a) Nilgiri Hills 1. It is a type of solar cell where the absorbing
b) Kumaon Hills layer is typically made of polymers.
c) Sahyadari Hills 2. Manufacturing cost is cheaper than the inorganic
d) Amarkantak range Photovoltaic cells.
Q.4) Consider the following pairs: 3. Compared to inorganic photovoltaic cells, OPV
cell have low efficiency and low stability.
Scheme Feature
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. National Agricultural Funded by World Bank
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
Higher Education Project and Government
of India. c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
2. Attracting and To enable the youth to Q.8) Consider the following statements, with reference to
Retaining Youth in take up agricultural the traditional toy making art:
Agriculture (ARYA) activities like processing, 1. Etikoppaka toys are made from the soft wood
value addition and of Ankudi Karra (Wrightiatinctoria) tree.
marketing. 2. Galar Putul more commonly known as Shellac
3. PM-KUSUM Scheme To promote horticulture dolls is a unique craft of Tamil Nadu.
in rainfed areas. 3. Recently, the first ever National Toy Fair was
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly organised by the Ministry of Textiles.
matched? Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3 d) 1, 2 and 3
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 153
MOCK TEST
Q.9) Match the following pairs of Tiger reserves in India 2. It is identified by Conservation International.
and their characteristics 3. A Group of Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries
Tiger Reserves Characteristics are formed through the Cancun initiative.
1. Nagarahole A. endangered species of 4. All 17 megadiverse countries are members of
Mouse deer was re- the like-minded megadiverse countries.
introduced here. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
2 Amrabad B. Three large cats - Bengal a) 1, 3 and 4 only b) 2 and 3 only
tiger, Indian leopard and c) 2, 3 and 4 only d) 3 and 4 only
clouded leopard are found. Q.15) Which of the following options regarding Forward
3. Pakhui C. home to 45 tribal Bloc during the Indian Freedom movement is correct?
settlements locally known a) It was a leftwing party with socialist aims.
as “Haadis”.
b) It was formed by Bose immediately after the
Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? Haripura Session of Congress.
a) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A b) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B c) It was an independent political party free of any
c) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C d) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B association with Congress.
Q.10) Consider the following statements regarding Fish d) It did not participate in the Quit India Movement.
Cryobanks.
Q.16) Which of the following statements is/are correct about
1. It is a facility of storing fish immediately after impact of methane in the atmosphere?
capture at –30°C.
1. With rise in methane concentration, there is an
2. It will be established by NFDB (National increase in tropospheric ozone in the atmosphere.
Fisheries Development Board) and the National
Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR). 2. Methane has a shorter lifetime but a stronger
warming potential than carbon dioxide.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.11) Consider the following statements with regard to the
Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) Q.17) Which of the following are type of White Blood Cells
(WBC)?
1. The program has been launched by the Indian
Ocean Rims Association. 1. Neutrophils
2. Germany has joined the Indo-Pacific Oceans 2. Lymphocytes
Initiative. 3. Erythrocytes
Which of the above statement is/are correct? 4. Basophils
a) 1 only b) 2 only Select the correct answer using the code given below:
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 1, 2 and 4 only
Q.12) Which of the following vaccines are type of live c) 1, 3 and 4 only d) 2, 3 and 4 only
attenuated vaccines? Q.18) Which one of the following is not the power of a civil
1. Covaxin 2. Oral Polio Vaccine court in India?
3. Tuberculosis Vaccine 4. Cholera Vaccine a) It can enforce the attendance of any person.
5. Rotavirus Vaccine b) It can order requisition for any public record.
Select the correct answer using the code given below: c) It can issue summons for the examination of
a) 1, 3 and 4 only b) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only witnesses.
c) 1 and 5 only d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 d) It can try labour disputes.
Q.13) Consider the following statements regarding Q.19) With reference to Protected special agriculture zones
permafrost: (PSAZ), which of the following statements is/are
1. It is defined solely based on temperature and correct?
duration. 1. It is notified by the Ministry of Environment,
2. It contains large quantities of organic leftover Forest and Climate Change.
from thousands of years. 2. Declaring any region as PSAZ will prevent all
3. In northern hemisphere, it is found in higher non-agricultural projects in the zone.
latitudes only. 3. Recently, Tamil Nadu became the first state in
4. Thawing of permafrost is a major contributor to India where a Special agricultural zone is being
climate change. set up.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 4. PSAZ is set up on the lines of SEZ (Special
a) 1 and 3 only b) 1, 2 and 4 only Economic Zone).
c) 2, 3 and 4 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Q.14) Which of the following statements is/are correct a) 1 and 2 only
regarding megadiverse countries? b) 1 and 3 only
1. A megadiverse country must contain at least 1500 c) 2 and 4 only
species of vascular plants as endemics. d) 2, 3 and 4 only
154 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
Q.20) With reference to recently launched Green-Ag Project
which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?
1. The project was launched to foster the practice
of zero-budget natural farming to decrease
agriculture cost.
2. The project has been launched on a pilot basis in
the coastal regions of southern India.
3. It has been funded by Global Environment
Facility (GEF).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) None of these
Q.21) Which of the following options regarding the legal
system of Delhi Sultanate is correct?
a) The Qazi-ul-mumalik was the highest court of
justice in both criminal and civil matters.
b) Criminal law was based on Sharia.
c) Hindus were governed by the Islamic laws in
civil matters.
d) Appeals from the decision of lower courts laid
with the chief Qazi.
Q.22) With reference to biodegradable plastics which of the
following statement is incorrect ?
a) Under specific condition these plastics are
degraded into water, carbon dioxide and biomass.
b) A lot of biodegradable plastic products only get
biodegraded at industrial facilities.
c) The rate of photo-oxidative degradation of these
plastics submerged at sea is very much slower
than that on land.
d) All bio-based plastics are biodegradable in nature.
Q.23) Consider the following pairs:
Geothermal Spring State
1. Panamik Sikkim
2. Kheer Ganga Himachal Pradesh
3. Gaurikund Uttarakhand
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly
matched?
a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 2 only d) 1, 2 and 3
Q.24) Consider the following statements regarding Marine
pollution.
1. More than 50% of marine pollution comes from
land.
2. Great Pacific garbage patch is the region of excess
oil spill where no marine life can survive.
3. The GPA (Global Programme of Action) is the
global intergovernmental mechanism addressing
the cause of marine pollution by ships.
4. The year “2021-2030” is declared as the ‘UN
Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable
Development’ by United Nations.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1 and 4 only d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Q.25) Which of the following statements is/ are the correct
reasons for the decline of the Mauryan dynasty?
1. A quick succession of weak rulers who couldn’t
maintain a strong central empire.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
2. Increase in inefficiency and corruption among
the Mauryan bureaucracy.
3. Enormous expenditure on army and bureaucracy
caused financial crisis.
Select the correct option using the code given below:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
Q.26) This embroidery art is traditionally practiced in Odisha.
It is a type of patchwork made of embroidered
colourful fabric that is sewed together to make a single
piece. This technique is used to make beautiful lamps.
The above description is related with which of the
following embroidery artwork?
a) Phulkari. b) Kantha.
c) Pipli. d) Kashidakari.
Q.27) Consider the following statements about the
committees for Poverty Estimation in India:
1. Lakdawala Committee recommended a uniform
‘national’ poverty line throughout India.
2. Tendulkar Committee recommended uniform
poverty line basket for rural and urban areas.
3. Rangarajan Committee estimated poverty based
on expenditure on nutrition only.
4. Multidimensional Poverty Index is estimated
based on Health, Education and Standard of
Living.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 and 4 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q.28) In reference to the ‘Futures Contract’ which of the
following is correct?
a) Futures contract can be settled by delivery of
underlying asset only.
b) Futures contracts are traded over-the-counter
(OTC).
c) Futures contracts have customisable terms.
d) Futures contracts are used to reduce market
uncertainty.
Q.29) With reference to the Indian Gas Exchange (IGX),
which of the following is correct?
a) It allows trade in spot markets only.
b) Domestically produced natural gas is not traded
on the IGX.
c) The contracts traded at the IGX can be settled
by netting-off.
d) The exchange does not allow shorter contracts.
Q.30) With reference to Renewable Purchase Obligation
(RPO), consider the following statements:
1. RPO mechanism is notified under the Electricity
Act 2003.
2. RPOs are categorised as Solar and Non-Solar RPO.
3. Large Hydropower Projects are not categorised
as renewable energy under the RPO rules.
4. Power distribution companies are allowed to
purchase Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
to offset their Renewable Purchase Obligation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1, 2 and 4 only
c) 3 and 4 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
155
MOCK TEST
Q.31) The risk for private entity in relation to inflation and 2. They use electromagnetic radiation to heat the
cost over-runs is highest in which of the following water in a human target’s skin.
Public private partnership (PPP) models? Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) Build - Operate - Transfer (BOT)-Toll Model a) 1 only b) 2 only
b) Build - Operate - Transfer Annuity Model c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
c) Engineering - Procurement - Construction (EPC) Q.38) Consider the following mining regions:
Model 1. Kudremukh
d) Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) 2. Bellary
Q.32) With reference to the Mega Food Parks Scheme 3. Singrauli
(MFPS), consider the following: 4. Bailadila
1. MFPS is a component of the Pradhan Mantri 5. Malanjkhand
Kisan Sampada Yojana.
6. Mayurbhanj
2. State Governments are required to form a Special
Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for implementation of Which of the above regions are related to commercial
Mega Food Park project. Iron ore mining?
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
a) 1 only b) 2 only b) 1, 2, 4 and 6 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 c) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
Q.33) With reference to the power sector in India, consider d) 1, 4, 5 and 6 only
the following: Q.39) Consider the following statements:
1. Renewable energy constitutes for about 15 1. Chanderi involves weaving of silk, zari and cotton
percent of India’s electricity generation. together to make a lighter fabric.
2. In India, total installed capacity of solar power is 2. Tanchoi Brocades is a kind of Nauvari saree.
higher than wind power. 3. Konrad is known as temple saree in Tamil Nadu.
3. India ranks second in the world in terms of total Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
installed renewable energy capacity. a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 and 3 only
4. India aims to achieve 40 percent of installed c) 2 only d) 1, 2 and 3
electric power capacity from non-fossil fuel Q.40) In the context of usage of Plasma Therapy against
sources by 2030. COVID-19, which of the following statements is
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? incorrect ?
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only a) It is a source of antibodies against the infection.
c) 2 and 4 only d) 2, 3 and 4 only b) The donor has to necessarily be a documented
Q.34) The term “Minsk Group”, is seen often in news, is with case of Covid-19.
related to which of the following pairs of countries? c) It has been highly successful in controlling
a) Russia and Ukraine progression to severe case of Covid-19.
b) Armenia and Azerbaijan d) The donor needs to be healthy for 28 days since
c) Israel and Palestine the last symptoms.
d) China and Taiwan Q.41) While moving from equator towards poles, which of
the following factors experience an increase?
Q.35) Apart from India, which of the following countries
are members of Supply Chain Resilience Initiative 1. Coriolis Force
(SCRI)? 2. Dawn and Twilight
a) Japan, The USA b) Nepal, Bhutan 3. Seasonal variation in day length
c) Australia, Japan d) Iran, Afghanistan 4. Insolation
Q.36) With reference to the Blue Dot Network (BDN), Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
sometimes seen in the news, which of the following a) 1 and 2 only
statement/statements is/are correct? b) 1, 2 and 3 only
1. The project aims to establish joint naval bases in c) 2, 3 and 4 only
the Indo-Pacific region. d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2. The initiative has been jointly launched by the Q.42) Consider the following statements regarding the River
United States of America, Japan and Australia. Indus:
Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1. The Indus drainage is an example of antecedent
a) 1 only drainage.
b) 2 only 2. River Galwan is the right bank tributary of River
c) Both 1 and 2 Indus.
d) Neither 1 nor 2 3. In India, the river flows only through Union
Q.37) With reference to Microwave Weapons, consider the Territory of Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir.
following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. They are direct energy weapons which aim a a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only
highly focused energy at a target. c) 2 and 3 only d) 1 and 3 only
156 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
Q.43) Topography and temperatures of this agro-climatic Q.48) Arrange the following Islands of Andaman and
region show great variation. Average temperature in Nicobar from North to South:
July ranges between 5°C and 30°C, while in January it 1. Little Andaman
ranges between 5°C and –5°C. Mean annual rainfall 2. Car Nicobar
varies between 75 cm to 150 cm, with some of the 3. South Andaman
areas experiences a very low rainfall of 30 cm too. 4. Great Nicobar
This agro-climatic region is made up of fragile eco
system prone to soil erosion and has low land Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
productivity. This region is famous for horticultural a) 1-3-4-2 b) 3-1-2-4
products like Saffron and contributes the largest share c) 1-3-2-4 d) 3-1-4-2
in India’s Apple production. Q.49) Match the certain parts of the basic structure of the
Which of the following best describes the above Constitution of India with the Supreme Court cases
mentioned agro-climatic region of India? in which they have been declared as such for the first
a) Eastern plateau and hill region time.
b) Western plateau and hill region Cases Features that are
part of the Basis
c) Eastern Himalayan region Structure
d) Western Himalayan region 1. Minerva Mills vs
Q.44) Which of the following options is correct with Union of India, 1980 A. Federalism
reference to the Lingaraja Temple?
2. Indra Sawhney vs
a) The temple was built by the Soma Vanshi dynasty Union of India, 1992 B. Judicial review
of Odisha.
3. Kihoto Hollohan vs
b) The temple is unique in the sense that it is
dedicated to worship of both the Hinduism and Zachillhu and Ors, 1992 C. Rule of law
Jainism. 4. S. R. Bommai vs
c) It is an example of the Nayaka school of temple Union of India, 1994 D. Free and fair elections
architecture. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
d) It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. a) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A, 4-D
Q.45) With reference to cyclone consider the following b) 1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
statements: c) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
1. It helps in balancing global heat distribution. d) 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A
2. It facilitates Ecological Succession in ecosystem. Q.50) The term “CaTRAT” is sometimes seen in news in
3. It is responsible for seed dispersal of plant the context of
species. a) Nano satellite for earth observation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? b) Detection of tigers.
a) 1 and 2 only c) Thermal camera based system to detect antlers
for accident prevention.
b) 2 and 3 only
d) DNA testing of dung to track elephant population.
c) 1 and 3 only
Q.51) The term “Salami slicing” is often seen in the news.
d) 1, 2 and 3 What does the term refer to?
Q.46) Consider the following pairs of species and their locations. a) It is a military strategy used to acquire new
Species Location territories.
1. Kolar Leaf Nosed Bat A. Rajasthan b) It is a new type of Ransomware.
2. Caracal B. Ladakh c) It is a new method of fishing developed by the
3. Seabuckthorn C. Karnataka Japan.
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly d) It is a new Track 2 dialogue between India and
matched? Afghanistan.
a) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B Q.52) Consider the projects and development assistance
b) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C offered by India to its neighbouring countries. Match
the projects with the country associated with it.
c) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A
Name Country
d) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B 1. Mangdechhu hydroelectric A. Nepal
Q.47) With reference to the Vedanta school of philosophy, project
which of the following options is correct?
2. Operation Sanjeevani B. Bhutan
a) Vedanta school does not believe in the theory of
rebirth or punarjanama. 3. Arun-III Hydro-electric C. Maldives
b) As per Shankaracharya’s view of Vedanta, project
brahman is without any attributes. Choose the correct Option.
c) Ramanujan’s Vedanta considers knowledge or a) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A
gyan as the path to attain salvation. b) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A
d) It is one of the major heterodox schools of c) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B
Indian religious philosophy. d) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B
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Q.53) Which of the following statements is/are correct
regarding the greenhouse gases emissions by Thermal
Power Plants in India?
1. It accounts for one of the largest sources for the
emission of Sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
2. More than 80 percentage of Thermal Power
Plants in India have achieved the notified emission
norms as per the 2015 emission standards.
3. All TPPs have to achieve the notified emission
norms by 2022.
4. They are responsible for about 70% of total
freshwater withdrawal by all industries in India.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 3 and 4 only
d) 1 and 4 only
Q.54) With reference to Bhaskara II or Bhaskaracharya, which
of the following options is correct?
a) He was a mathematician who lived during the
Gupta period of Indian history.
b) His most famous work is ‘Siddhanta Shiromani’.
c) He was a contemporary of noted scholar
Brahmagupta.
d) He influenced the birth of trigonometry.
Q.55) Consider the following statements regarding the
National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC):
1. It conducts applied research only on
communicable diseases.
2. It is an autonomous statutory organisation.
3. It is the lead agency for the group, the Indian
SARS-CoV-2 Consortium on Genomics.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 1 and 3 Only
Q.56) Consider the following statements with reference to
the Affordable Housing Fund (AHF):
1. It is established under the National Bank for
Agriculture and Rural Development.
2. It is utilised for refinancing the individual housing
loans in rural areas only.
3. It is funded through the shortfall in priority sector
lending requirement of commercial banks.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1 and 2 only
Q.57) With reference to India’s Agricultural Export, consider
the following:
1. India’s total Agriculture-export basket accounts
for a less than 3 per cent of world’s agricultural
trade.
2. In 2019-20, major destinations for India’s
Agricultural Export includes USA, Saudi Arabia
and Iran.
3. The share of spices constitutes the largest share
among the total agricultural export since 2017.
158
4. The share of marine products in total agricultural
export value increased since 2015.
5. Majority of India’s agricultural exports are raw
or semi-processed products.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 1, 3 and 5 only
c) 2, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
Q.58) Consider the following statements with regard to ‘Anti-
Defection’ Law :
1. The decision of the presiding officer of the
House regarding ‘disqualification’ under the
10th Schedule is final and binding.
2. In case of defection, a member cannot hold the
ministerial post.
3. A member of Parliament would lose the seat in
the House in case of expulsion by the Political
Party.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 2 and 3 only
Q.59) Which of the following is not the original jurisdiction
of the High Court?
a) Enforcement of Fundamental right.
b) Matters of marriage and divorce.
c) Dispute regarding election of a member of State
Legislative Assembly.
d) Dispute between Centre and a State
Q.60) With regard to Fundamental Rights in the Constitution
of India, which of the following right is self-executory
in nature?
a) Abolition of untouchability
b) Freedom of speech and expression
c) The right to elementary education
d) Prohibition of traffic in human beings
Q.61) Which one of the following is the most prudent
measure the Reserve Bank of India can take to stop
the depreciation of Indian rupee?
a) Quantitative easing policy.
b) Tightening the norms for Foreign Institutional
Investors.
c) Discouraging Indian borrowers to issue rupee
denominated masala bonds.
d) Easing the conditions relating to external
commercial borrowing.
Q.62) Consider the following statements regarding suspension
of a member of Parliament in both the Houses.
1. The presiding officer has power to suspend a
member of the House for indefinite period.
2. The House cannot overrule the suspension of
the member.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
Q.63) With reference to the foreigners’ tribunals in India, c) Both 1 and 2
consider the following statements: d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. District Magistrates in all States are empowered Q.68) With reference to ISRO international cooperation,
to set up foreigners’ tribunals. consider the following pairs:
2. Only the State administration has the right to Mission Name Participating Country
move the tribunal. 1. SARAL France
Which of the statements given above are correct? 2. NISAR Japan
a) 1 only 3. Chandrayaan 1 USA
b) 2 only 4. TRISHNA Russia
c) 1 and 2 only Which of the following pairs given above are correctly
d) Neither 1 nor 2 matched?
Q.64) With reference to antimicrobial resistance, consider a) 1 and 4 only b) 1 and 3 only
the following statements: c) 3 and 4 only d) 2 and 4 only
1. Lack of clean water and sanitation leads to Q.69) Consider the following pairs:
antimicrobial resistance. Fault Location
2. Due to antimicrobial resistance, our ability to treat 1. Main Central Thrust Between Lesser and
common infections decreases. Greater Himalayas
3. It affects old age people while young ones are 2. Main Frontal Thrust Between Outer and
generally immune. Lesser Himalayas
Which of the statements given above are correct? 3. Main Boundary Thrust Between Shivalik
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only from Indo-Gangetic
c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 plains
Q.65) Which of the following is correct regarding the Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?
helminth infection, which was in news recently? a) 1 only
a) It is an air borne disease caused by sneezing. b) 2 and 3 only
b) India currently has no active cases of helminth c) 1 and 3 only
infection. d) 1, 2 and 3 only
c) Infected children are nutritionally and physically Q.70) With reference to Arsenic consider the following
impaired. statements:
d) Currently there are no effective medicines to 1. Inorganic arsenic is harmful which is mainly
control the disease. sourced from groundwater.
Q.66) Consider the following statements about Hand guided 2. Organic arsenic found in seafood is less harmful
cloning technique: to health.
1. In this technique nucleus from the egg is taken 3. Arsenic is colourless but has pungent odour and
by a hand-held fine knife. salty taste.
2. In this technique the genetic material comes from 4. Muktoshri new rice variety was recently developed
single donor’s cell. that is resistant to arsenic.
3. This technique has been developed by National Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Dairy Research Institute (NDRI). a) 1, 2 and 3 only
4. India was the first country to clone a buffalo b) 1, 2 and 4 only
using this technique.
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
Which of the statements given above are correct?
d) 2, 3 and 4 only
a) 2, 3 and 4 only
Q.71) Consider the following statements regarding the
b) 1, 2 and 3 only National Investigation Agency (NIA):
c) 2 and 4 only 1. The National Investigation Agency has no power
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 to investigate offences committed outside India.
Q.67) With reference to Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient 2. The state government may designate Sessions
(API), consider the following statements: Courts as special courts for the trial of scheduled
1. It is that ingredient in the medicine that is used offences under the NIA Act.
as a carrier in the drug. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
2. India is self-sufficient in the production of APIs. a) 1 only
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? b) 2 only
a) 1 only c) Both 1 and 2
b) 2 only d) Neither 1 nor 2
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 159
MOCK TEST
Q.72) With reference to Lab Grown/ cultured meat, consider
the following statements:
1. The cellular structure of meat is same as natural
meat.
2. It can be made by using animal’s stem cells.
3. Texture and nutrient profile of cultured meat is
low compared to natural meat.
4. Unlike natural meat, cultured meat doesn’t require
antibiotic treatment.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 1, 2 and 4 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Q.73) Consider the following statements:
1. Heart is the largest gland in the human body.
2. Gall bladder is responsible for secretion of bile
in the human body.
3. The pancreas is a both exocrine and endocrine
organ of the human body.
4. The liver is the only organ in the human body
that can regenerate itself.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 3 and 4 only
d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Q.74) It is the indirect protection from an infectious disease.
It happens when a sufficient percentage of a population
is immune either through vaccination or immunity
developed through previous infection. It thereby
reduces the likelihood of infection for individuals who
lack immunity. The mechanism mentioned here is best
described as:
a) PLACID Trial
b) Flattening the curve
c) Herd immunity
d) RT-PCR
Q.75) Consider the following statements:
1. No political party can conduct election campaign
through social media during silence period.
2. Filing of false declaration by a candidate in an
election is an electoral offence.
3. There is no bar on campaigning expenses for
candidates contesting legislative council elections
of a state.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Q.76) With reference to Vanadium, consider the following
statements:
1. Due to its corrosion-resistant properties vanadium
alloys are useful in steel industry.
2. It is also used in automotive and aviation
industries due to its increased fuel efficiency.
3. Geological Survey of India (GSI) found reserves
of vanadium in Arunachal Pradesh.
160
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
Q.77) Which one of the following naturally occurring acids
is found in abundance in tomato?
a) Acetic acid.
b) Citric acid.
c) Oxalic acid.
d) Tartaric acid.
Q.78) With reference to Offshore Wind Energy, which of
the following statements is/are correct?
1. Indian Wind Power Association (IWPA) is the
nodal agency for the development of offshore
wind energy in the country.
2. India has set offshore wind targets of 5 GW by
2022 and 30 GW by 2030 under National
offshore wind energy policy.
3. The production cost of offshore wind energy is
higher as compared to onshore wind energy.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 only d) 1 and 3 only
Q.79) Which of the following statements is/are incorrect
about Fishing Cats?
1. Fishing cat is endemic to India and is mostly
found in floodplains, deltas and coastal wetlands
of eastern India.
2. It has been listed as ‘endangered’ under the Red
List of IUCN.
3. The practice of intensive aquaculture in wetlands
led to an increase in their population in the past
few decades.
Select the correct answer using the code give below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Q.80) What do you understand by the concept “virtual water
trade”?
a) The practice of buying and selling of water rights
for its efficient utilisation.
b) The practice of paying back to environment by
compensation for polluting water.
c) Buying and selling of bonds and other fixed-
income instruments against water access
entitlements.
d) Import and export of products requiring water
for their production.
Q.81) Which of the following options regarding the Akali
Movement during India’s freedom struggle is correct?
a) It was a reform movement to counter the
proselytizing activities of Christian missionaries.
b) This movement coincided with the Civil
Disobedience Movement of 1930.
c) The famous Keys Affair was a part of this
movement.
d) The government dealt sternly with it and used
severe repressive measures to control the
movement.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
Q.82) Which of the following reforms was introduced by Q.88) With reference to the various folk dances of India,
William Bentinck? which of the following pairs have been correctly
a) Ring-fence policy to create buffer zones around matched?
Company’s territories. Folk Dance State
b) Separated judiciary and revenue administration. 1. Lavani Maharashtra
c) Setting up of a Law Commission under Macaulay. 2. Charba Himachal Pradesh
d) Abolished dual system of government. 3. Paika Telangana
Q.83) With reference to Mohiniattam, consider the following: Select the correct answer using the code given below:
1. There is a marked absence of thumping of a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
footsteps in this dance. c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
2. There is much emphasis on the Lasya aspect of Q.89) Which of the following pairs with reference to sufi
dance. silsilas and their famous sufi saints is correct?
3. It was banned by the Britishers. Sufi order/silsila Associated Sufi Saint
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1. Chishti silsila Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only 2. Suhrawardi silsila Sheikh Bahauddin
c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Zakariya
Q.84) With reference to the Mardani Khel, which of the 3. Naqshbandi silsila Baba Farid
following options is correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) It is a traditional martial art belonging to the a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
region of Punjab and Haryana. c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
b) It is known for the use of the unique Indian Q.90) Which of the following options regarding the Gurjara-
Patta (sword). Pratihara dynasty is correct?
c) It is an unarmed martial art form resembling a) Krishna III was the most illustrious ruler of this
boxing. dynasty.
d) Guru Gobind Singh and other Khalsa warriors b) The Pratihara polity was a feudal polity, with local
practiced this martial art form. chieftains called Samantas.
Q.85) With reference to various schools of painting, which c) An Arab traveller, Abdur Razzaq visited the
of the following pairs have been matched correctly? empire.
School of Painting Description d) Bhangika was the representative of the King in
1. Basohli School Strong use of primary feudatory states.
colours. Q.91) Which of the following options is correct with reference
2. Kangra School Love scenes of Krishna to the semi-classical styles of Hindustani music?
was prominent theme. a) Semi-classical style of music is not based on the
3. Kishangarh School Associated with Bani element of swara (note).
Thani painting. b) They employ lighter version of tala and are faster
Select the correct answer using the code given below: in tempo.
a) 1 and 2 only c) They emphasize less on bhava and lyrics than
b) 2 only classical music.
d) Khayal is a type of semi-classical music.
c) 1 and 3 only
Q.92) Consider the following statements about social reformer
d) 1, 2 and 3 Behramji Malabari:
Q.86) In the context of modern history of India, the Whitley 1. He founded the Seva Sadan for women welfare.
Commission of 1929 was related to which of the
following: 2. His efforts led to the enactment of Age of
Consent Act, 1891.
a) Recommended measures to prevent famines.
3. He founded and edited the Indian Mirror.
b) Examine the military expenditure in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
c) Inquire into the conditions of labour in factories,
a) 1 only
plantations and other places in India.
b) 1 and 2 only
d) Report on the working of Government of India
Act, 1919. c) 2 and 3 only
Q.87) Which of the following statements is correct with d) 1, 2 and 3
reference to Vesaka? Q.93) With reference to the Udayagiri caves, which of the
a) It refers to the celebration of the birth, following options is correct?
enlightenment and death of Lord Buddha. a) These caves are located in Uttar Pradesh.
b) It refers to the celebration of the day of b) Cave of the Varaha avatar of Lord Vishnu can
enlightenment of Lord Mahavira. be seen here.
c) It refers to the name of future Bodhisattva that c) These caves were created under the rule of the
is yet to come in Buddhism. Chalukyas.
d) It is the name of the horse on which Siddhartha d) The caves have reliefs from all the three religions
Gautam travelled when he left his palace. Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 161
MOCK TEST
Q.94) Consider the following statements regarding ‘Stand up 2. Weight is lost and energy is gained in Torrefaction
India Scheme’: compared to original biomass.
1. It aims at promoting entrepreneurship among 3. It is an indigenous technology developed by
women and Scheduled Castes and Tribes. ICAR.
2. The loans under the scheme are available for Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Greenfield and Brownfield projects. a) 1 only
3. Under this scheme, borrower should not be in b) 2 and 3 only
default to any bank/financial institution. c) 1 and 3 only
4. Only individual enterprises are eligible for loan d) 1, 2 and 3
under the scheme. Q.99) Consider the following statements in respect of the
Which of the following statements given above are 2020 United Nations Investment Promotion Award:
correct? 1. National Investment and Infrastructure Fund
a) 1, 2 and 3 only (NIIF) has received the award for the year 2020.
b) 1 and 3 only 2. It has been awarded by the United Nations
c) 2, 3 and 4 only Conference on Trade and Development
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (UNCTAD).
Q.95) Which of the following statements is/are correct Which of the statements is/are correct?
regarding Gadgil Committee report on Western Ghats? a) 1 only
1. It provided for the distinction between natural b) 2 only
landscape and cultural landscape. c) Both 1 and 2
2. It recommended the constitution of a Western d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ghats Ecology Authority (WGEA), as a statutory Q.100)With reference to ‘Rules of origin’ of World Trade
authority under MOEF & CC. Organization (WTO), consider the following:
a) 1 only 1. These rules are uniform across all the members
b) 2 only of the WTO.
c) Both 1 and 2 2. It determines whether an imported product is
d) Neither 1 nor 2 liable to receive Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)
Q.96) With reference to National Centre of Polar and Ocean treatment.
Research (NCPOR), which of the following statements 3. It cannot be used as a parameter for implementing
is/are correct? anti-dumping duties by member countries.
1. It is responsible for the exploration of gas hydrate 4. Rules of origin provision helps in preventing
occurrences in Exclusive Economic Zone of abuse of Free Trade Agreements.
India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
2. It provides advisory services to the fishermen. a) 1 and 2 only
3. It manages the research vessel ORV Sagar Kanya. b) 1, 3 and 4 only
Select the correct answer using the code given below: c) 2 and 4 only
a) 1 and 2 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
b) 3 only ANSWERS
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b)
Q.97) Consider the following pairs: 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (a)
Minerals Deficiency symptoms 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (b)
1. Iodine Goitre 21. (d) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (d)
2. Calcium Rickets 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (b)
3. Copper Anemia 31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (c)
36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (c)
4. Selenium Premature aging 41. (b) 42. (d) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (d)
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (b) 49. (b) 50. (b)
matched? 51. (a) 52. (a) 53. (d) 54. (b) 55. (c)
a) 1 and 2 only 56. (b) 57. (d) 58. (a) 59. (d) 60. (b)
b) 4 only 61. (d) 62. (d) 63. (a) 64. (a) 65. (c)
c) 1 and 3 only 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (b) 69. (a) 70. (b)
71. (d) 72. (b) 73. (c) 74. (c) 75. (c)
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only 76. (d) 77. (b) 78. (b) 79. (b) 80. (d)
Q.98) With reference to Torrefaction Technology consider 81. (c) 82. (c) 83. (d) 84. (b) 85. (d)
the following statements: 86. (c) 87. (a) 88. (a) 89. (a) 90. (b)
1. It involves the heating of biomass in the absence 91. (b) 92. (b) 93. (b) 94. (b) 95. (b)
of oxygen. 96. (c) 97. (d) 98. (a) 99. (b) 100. (c)
162 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Proof-2
29-4-2023
Lokmaan IAS 13-02-2023

MOCK TEST
MOCK TEST
Civil Services Prelims Exam
Paper - I : General Studies
Q1. With reference to the Eka movement, consider the Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
following statements: a) 1 and 2 only
1. The initial thrust for the movement developed b) 2 only
under the leadership of Madari Pasi. c) 1 only
2. The movement gradually inclined towards d) 2 and 3 only
Congress discipline of non-violence. Q6. Which of the following settlement systems was
3. The movement included in its ranks many small introduced in the Madras Presidency by Lord Wellesley
zamindars. before the Ryotwari Settlement?
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) Permanent Settlement
a) 1 only b) Mahalwari Settlement
b) 2 and 3 only c) Farming Settlement System
c) 3 only d) Ijaradari Settlement System
d) 1, 2 and 3 Q7. With reference to the history of Indian Civil Service
Q2. Arrange the following historical events in chronological (ICS), which of the following statements is/are correct?
sequence: 1. The Charter Act of 1833 introduced the principle
1. Manjeri Conference of open competition for ICS.
2. Formation of Oudh Kisan Sabha 2. The introduction of Statutory Civil Service in
3. No tax movement in Bardoli taluq 1870 resulted in the creation of Provincial Civil
4. Bardoli Inquiry Report Service.
Select the correct sequence using the code given below: Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1-3-2-4 b) 2-1-3-4 a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) 3-2-1-4 d) 1-2-4-3 c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q3. Consider the following texts: Q8. Consider the following statements in the context of
1. Nettipakarana Residency system in colonial India:
2. Majjhima 1. It left the Indian states with domestic sovereignty
and made the company superior imperial power
3. Nidanakatha in foreign matters.
4. Samyutta 2. The Residents and Agents were members of the
Which of the texts given above are part of non- Political Department of the Bengal government.
canonical Buddhist literature? Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 and 4 only a) 1 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) 3 and 4 only b) 2 only
Q4. Which of the following initiatives/ideas introduced by c) Both 1 and 2
the British Raj can be categorised as Utilitarian ideas? d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Favouring vernacular education Q9. Consider the following pairs:
2. Separation of power between judiciary and the Charitas Authors
executive
1. Navasahasankacharita Padmagupta
3. Concept of the rule of law
2. Ramacharita Sandhyakaranandin
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
3. Vikramankadevacharita Bilhana
a) 1 only
4. Kumarapalacharita Hemchandra
b) 2 and 3 only
How many pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
c) 1 and 3 only
a) Only one pair
d) 2 only b) Only two pairs
Q5. With reference to the Regulating Act of 1773, consider c) Only three pairs
the following statements:
d) All four pairs
1. It formally recognised the British parliamentary
right to control Indian affairs. Q10. With reference to the history of early medieval India,
the term Ghatika refers to:
2. It made the presidencies of Madras and Bombay
subservient to the Governor General of Bengal a) Sixfold duties
in every matter. b) Land grants
3. It precisely defined the jurisdiction of the c) Higher education institutions
Supreme Court at Calcutta. d) Brahaman teachers
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Q11. Sometimes countries manipulate their own currency. Q16. The term ‘Green Fins Hub’ is sometimes seen in the
Why do countries do such practices? news. Which of the following statements are correct
1. Countries prefer their currency to be strengthened about ‘Green Fins Hub’?
because it makes them more competitive on the 1. The Green Fins Hub is the first-ever global
international trade front. marine tourism industry platform.
2. By boosting exports, a country can use a weaker 2. The Green Fins is a proven conservation
currency to shrink its trade deficit. management approach implemented
3. A weaker currency alleviates pressure on a internationally by the Reef-World Foundation and
country’s sovereign debt obligations. the World Economic Forum.
Which of the statements given above are correct? 3. It provides the only internationally recognised
a) 1 and 2 only environmental standards for marine tourism.
b) 2 and 3 only Select the correct answer using the code given below:
c) 1 and 3 only a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
Q12. Recently, which of the following banks conducted Q17. With reference to the Indian economy, what are the
India’s first ‘Floating Financial Literacy Camp’ under advantages of “Sovereign Green Bonds”?
an initiative called “Niveshak Didi”? 1. Investors can balance risk-adjusted financial
a) India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) returns with environmental benefits to satisfy the
b) State Bank of India green investment mandates.
c) Axis Bank 2. Green Bonds provide protection to investors from
d) ICICI Bank uncertainty regarding inflation.
Q13. With reference to the Suez Canal, consider the 3. Green bonds can help in enhancing an issuer’s
following statements: reputation.
1. The Suez Canal is an artificial waterway. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
2. It connects Port Said on the Red Sea with the a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
Gulf of Suez in the Mediterranean Sea. c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
3. The canal provides a direct trade route for ships Q18. Which of the following inputs are required for a
operating between European and South Asian customer to do a transaction under an Aadhaar-enabled
ports. Payment System (AePS)?
Which of the statements given above are correct? 1. Bank Name
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only 2. Fingerprint
c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 3. UPI
Q14. Consider the following statements with reference to 4. PAN Number
the Financial Stability and Development Council Select the correct code using the options below:
(FSDC): a) 1 and 2 only b) 1, 2, and 3 only
1. It is a statutory body. c) 1, 3 and 4 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2. The Raghuram Rajan Committee on financial Q19. Consider the following statements about FATF:
sector reforms first proposed the creation of 1. It is the global money laundering and terrorist
FSDC. financing watchdog.
3. It is chaired by the Union Finance Minister. 2. It was established by the G-20 Summit that was
Which of the statements given above are correct? held in Paris in 1989.
a) 1 and 2 only 3. The Secretariat is located at the OECD
b) 2 and 3 only Headquarters in Paris.
c) 1 and 3 only 4. India is the founding member of FATF.
d) 1, 2 and 3 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Q15. Which one of the following statements is not correct a) 1 only
with reference to the tools under the monetary policy? b) 1 and 3 only
a) The rate at which RBI offers long-term loans to c) 1, 3 and 4 only
the banks is called the Bank rate.
d) All of them
b) Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) is the minimum
percentage of deposits that a commercial bank Q20. In the context of the Indian economy, sources of
has to maintain in the form of liquid cash, gold, public debt include which of the following?
or other securities. 1. Dated government securities
c) Cash reserve ratio (CRR) is the percentage of a 2. Treasury Bills or T-bills
bank’s total deposits that it needs to maintain as 3. External Assistance
liquid cash. 4. Short-term borrowings
d) Repo Rate is a mechanism to absorb the liquidity Select the correct answer using the code given below:
in the market, thus restricting the borrowing a) 1 and 2 only b) 1, 2, and 3 only
power of investors. c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
164 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
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Q21. Which of the following statements with reference to Which of the above given statements is/are correct?
“Scorched Earth Policy” is correct? a) 1 only
a) The term was coined by Adolf Hitler when b) 2 only
Germany invaded the USSR. c) Both 1 and 2
b) Its strategy is similar to the First World War idea d) Neither 1 nor 2
of “knocking out the supports”. Q26. The ‘Koronivia Joint Work on Agriculture’, recently
c) It was a Japanese strategy during WW-II to seen in news, was launched by:
expand their territories on the mainland of Asia. a) UNEP
d) In India, the ar mies of Maratha leader b) IPCC
Chhatrapati Shivaji were known for their scorched
earth tactics. c) UNFCCC
Q22. With reference to India’s cultural traditions, d) FAO
‘Khatambandh’ is: Q27. With reference to the Kalanamak rice, consider the
a) an art in which small pieces of wood are fitted following statements:
into each other to form the ceiling. 1. It has been cultivated since the period of Buddha.
b) a temple town in Andhra Pradesh that specializes 2. Kalanamak was grown widely in Karnataka,
in producing temple cloth. Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
c) a traditional folk theatre form performed during 3. Recently, the Karnataka Government filed an
Lohri festival. application for the Geographical Indication (GI)
d) a noted folk theatre form in the state of tag for the Kalanamak rice.
Chhattisgarh. Which of the above given statements is/are correct?
Q23. Consider the following statements in the context of a) 1 only
UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities: b) 2 only
1. The UNESCO Global Network of Learning c) 2 and 3 only
Cities (GNLC) aims to ensure the development d) 1 and 3 only
of all learning cities by sharing ideas and arts Q28. This annual folk ritual dance of Tulu-speaking people
with other cities. performs across the Dakshina Kannada, Uttara
2. In 2022, Ukraine’s capital Kyiv, South African Kannada and Udupi regions in Karnataka. It is
city Durban and UAE city Sharjah have been performed by a trained person who is believed to have
included in the list. temporarily become a god. This performer is feared
3. In India, there are three cities included in the list and respected in the community and is believed to
and they are Warangal, Nilambur and Madurai. give answers to people’s problems on behalf of God.
Which of the above given statements is/are correct? Drums and music give company to the dancing and
a) 1 only pooja rituals.
b) 1 and 3 only Which one of the following ritual folk dances is
c) 1 and 2 only described in the above paragraph?
d) 1, 2 and 3 a) Lavani
Q24. With reference to Renewable Energy Certificate (RECs) b) Dollu Kunitha
in India, consider the following statements: c) Bhoota Kola
1. It is a market-based instrument to promote d) Veeragase
renewable sources of energy. Q29. Drug ‘sodium pentothal’, seen in news, is used for -
2. One REC is created when five-megawatt per hour
of electricity is generated from an eligible a) Clinical trials
renewable energy source. b) Narco test
3. The price of RECs is determined by market c) Polygraph test
demand and it is specified by the Ministry of d) Treatment of TB
New and Renewable Energy. Q30. With reference to Green Grids Initiative—One Sun
Which of the above given statements is/are correct? One World One Grid, consider the following
a) 1 only statements:
b) 1 and 2 only 1. It was launched at the first assembly of the
c) 3 only International Solar Alliance (ISA).
d) 1, 2 and 3 2. It aims to connect power grids across the borders
Q25. With reference to Bank-NBFC Co-lending Model for a faster transition to greener energy.
(CLM), consider the following statements: 3. It is an initiative of India in partnership with the
1. The primary focus of the Co-lending Model is United Kingdom.
to improve the flow of credit to unserved and Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
underserved sectors of the economy. a) 1 and 2 only
2. Under the CLM, banks are required to retain at b) 2 only
least a 20% share of individual loans on their c) 2 and 3 only
books. d) 1, 2 and 3
166 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
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Q31. Consider the following statements regarding c) Bacteria
‘Hypersonic Missiles’: d) Protozoa
1. Hypersonic missiles fly at a much lower altitude Q36. Which of the following play an important role in the
than conventional ballistic missiles. human immune system?
2. Hypersonic cruise missiles are harder to detect 1. Interferons
compared to Inter-continental cruise missiles. 2. Macrophages
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 3. Mucus
a) 1 only 4. Spleen
b) 2 only 5. Thymus
c) Both 1 and 2 Select the correct answer using the code given below:
d) Neither 1 nor 2 a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Q32. Which of the following statements is/are correct with b) 2 , 3 and 4 only
reference to Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only
1. It is produced during the process of cellular d) 1, 2 , 3, 4 and 5
respiration.
Q37. Consider the following statements about ecological
2. It provides energy for the endergonic processes pyramids:
only.
1. Pyramid of numbers can be upright or inverted.
3. It can be used directly for different metabolic
processes. 2. Pyramid of biomass is always inverted.
Select the correct answer using the code given below: 3. Pyramid of energy is always upright.
a) 1 only Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
b) 1 and 2 only a) 1 only
c) 1 and 3 only b) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 only
Q33. In the context of transport systems in plants, consider d) 3 only
the following statements: Q38. Assertion: Pollutants are generally measured in fatty
1. Transpiration helps in the absorption and upward tissues of organisms.
movement of water from roots to the leaves. Reason: Pollutants that dissolve in fats are retained
2. Xylem transports products of photosynthesis for a long time.
from the leaves to other parts of the plant. With reference to the above, which of the following is
3. Phloem moves water and minerals obtained from correct?
the soil to the leaves. a) (A) and (R) both are true, (R) is the correct
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? explanation of (A).
a) 1 only b) (A) and (R) both are true, (R) is not the correct
b) 3 only explanation of (A).
c) 1 and 2 only c) (A) is true, (R) is false.
d) 2 and 3 only d) (A) is false, (R) is true.
Q34. Which of the following diseases are caused by Bacteria? Q39. Consider the following pairs:
1. Measles 1. Physiological adaptation – Allen’s Rule
2. Syphilis 2. Behavioural adaptation – Burrowing animals
3. Ringworm 3. Morphological adaptation – Acclimatisation
4. Anthrax Which of the above given pairs is/are incorrectly
5. Botulism matched?
Select the correct answer using the code given below: a) 1 only
a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only b) 2 only
b) 2, 3, and 4 only c) 3 only
c) 2, 4, and 5 only d) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Q40. Consider the following statements:
Q35. This organism is the sole member of the Kingdom 1. Autogenic succession is driven by the abiotic
Monera. It is the most abundant micro-organism and components of an ecosystem.
also occurs in extreme habitats such as hot springs, 2. Allogenic succession is driven by the biotic
deserts, snow caps, etc. It occurs under four categories components of the ecosystem.
i.e. Coccus, Bacillus, Vibrium and Spirillum. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which of the following organisms is described in the a) 1 only
above passage? b) 2 only
a) Virus c) Both 1 and 2
b) Fungi d) Neither 1 nor 2
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Q41. All living organisms maintain stable equilibrium in their Q46. Consider the following statements:
internal environment. They use different methods to 1. The Tenth Schedule of the Constitution deals
do it. Consider the following pairs regarding this: with the disqualification of a member of a
List-I List-II Legislative Council of a state incurred due to
Regulate Fish defection.
Conform Mammals 2. The Constitution provides that a member of a
Migrate Birds Legislative Assembly disqualified due to defection
Suspend Hibernating animals cannot contest an election during the period of
disqualification.
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
a) Only one pair Which of the above-given statements is/are incorrect?
b) Only two pairs a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Only three pairs c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
d) All four pairs Q47. The term, “Harmonious Construction” recently seen
in the news is in the context of ?
Q42. Venus and Uranus undergo retrograde rotation. Which
of the following may take place, if Earth also a) Union-State fiscal relations.
undergoes retrograde rotation? b) Cooperative federalism
1. Addition of a day on the crossing of the c) Balance between Fundamental Rights and
International Date Line from West to East. Fundamental Duties.
2. Change in the direction of rotation of Tropical d) Concurrent List
Cyclones. Q48. Which among the following is a natural corollary of
3. Reversal of geographical poles of Earth. the Right to Vote being a statutory right?
Select the correct answer using the code given below: a) State governments can take away the voting rights
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only of individuals through delegated legislation.
c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 b) The Election Commission of India can frame
Q43. Consider the following statements: rules for the effective conduct of free and fair
1. Thorium Based Nuclear Reactor forms the elections
second stage of India’s three-stage nuclear c) The individuals duly convicted by a competent
programme. court and undergoing the prison sentences cannot
2. Thorium has high thermal conductivity and higher vote.
melting point. d) None of the statements (a), (b) or (c) is a natural
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? corollary of the Right to Vote being a statutory
a) 1 only right.
b) 2 only Q49. Consider the following pairs:
c) Both 1 and 2 Name of the Subject Matter
d) Neither 1 nor 2 Committees
Q44. Sometimes seen in the news, the term ‘Bandicoot robot’ 1. Major General Sinho Creation of the post of
refers to: Chief of Defence Staff
a) It is a robot designed to clean manholes and 2. BN Srikrishna Strengthening arbitration
sewers. in India
b) It is an artificial intelligence-based chatbot 3. MN Venkatachaliah Review of the working of
designed to create awareness about health issues. the Constitution
c) It is a robot, designed to help elderly people. 4. K Santhanam Election to Panchayats
d) The robot designed to help ‘Divyang’ people in How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
the public places. a) Only one pair b) Only two pairs
Q45. Consider the following statements regarding Gait c) Only three pairs d) All four pairs
analysis: Q50. Which of the following correctly describes the term
1. Gait analysis is a technique in medical care which “laying” in the context of legislative proceedings in
is used to evaluate and diagnose conditions that India?
affect a person’s walking and posture. a) Introduction of a Bill by a minister on the floor
2. Gait analysis techniques can be used by forensic of the house.
sciences experts to identify suspects in criminal b) A strategy of the opposition parties to force the
cases. government for a debate on a matter of public
Which of the above statements given above is/are importance.
incorrect? c) The submission of an Action Taken Report by
a) 1 only the government on the report of the Comptroller
b) 2 only and Auditor General of India.
c) Both 1 and 2 d) None of the options a, b or c correctly describes
d) Neither 1 nor 2 the term “laying”.
168 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
Q51. Consider the following statements: 2. The SFC can be removed only by the President
1. The 44th Constitutional Amendment Act on the grounds of incapacity or proven
empowered the President to send back the advice misbehaviour but the Governor can suspend the
of Cabinet for reconsideration although the SFC pending an inquiry.
reconsidered advice is binding on the President. 3. The SFC can either be a single member body or
2. The 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act a multi-member body as decided by the state
provided exemption from disqualification for the government.
members of a House on account of merger of Select the correct answer from the code given below:
their original political parties. a) 2 only
3. The 43rd Constitutional Amendment Act restored
the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and the b) 1 and 2 only
High Courts in respect of judicial review and c) 3 only
issue of writs. d) 1, 2 and 3
4. The 57th Constitutional Amendment Act Q55. Which of the following statements about the procedure
provided for an authoritative text of the for the Amendment of the Constitution is/are correct?
Constitution in Hindi language and gave the same 1. A Constitution Amendment Bill can be
legal sanctity to the Hindi version of the introduced in either House of the Parliament
Constitution. with the previous sanction of the President.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 2. A Constitution Amendment Bill that seeks to
a) 1 and 3 only amend the federal provisions of the Constitution
b) 1, 3 and 4 only can be introduced in the Rajya Sabha only.
c) 3 only Select the correct answer using the code given below:
d) 1 and 4 only a) 1 only
Q52. While imposing compulsory service for public purpose b) 2 only
under Article 23 of the Constitution, the state can c) Both 1 and 2
discriminate between the citizens on account of:
d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Language
Q56. Which of the following personalities is credited for
2. Sex bringing the whole territory under the supervision of
3. Place of birth an Inspector General during British rule?
Select the correct answer by using the code given below: a) Lord Cornwallis
a) 1 and 3 only b) Sir Charles Napier
b) 3 only c) Thomas Munro
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) Jonathan Duncan
d) 2 only
Q57. As mentioned in Dharmasastras, which of the following
Q53. Consider the following statements: is not a part of Purusharthas?
1. The Governor of a state is the highest executive
authority in the state who can act as per her a) Punya
discretion only in the defined circumstances as b) Dharma
mentioned in the Constitution. c) Artha
2. The Governor of a state is the appointing d) Kama
authority of vice chancellors of state universities Q58. With reference to architectural history, the term
as per the University Grants Commission petroglyphs refers to:
regulations. a) Prehistoric tools
3. The Council of Ministers at the state level hold b) Burial technique
office during the pleasure of the Governor which
can be withdrawn at her discretion. c) Rock art
4. The Governor of a state is the authority to grant d) Script
remission under the provisions of the Q59. Consider the following statements about the
Constitution and the criminal procedure code. administrative system of the Cholas:
Which of the statements given above are correct? 1. The village council and the Nadu performed all
a) 1 and 2 only administrative functions except dispensing justice
b) 2, 3 and 4 only and collecting taxes.
c) 1 and 4 only 2. Chola kings gave some rich landowners titles like
d) None of the above muvendavelan and araiyar as markers of respect.
Q54. Which among the following statements is/are incorrect Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
about the State Finance Commission (SFC)? a) 1 only
1. The SFC is appointed by the Governor of a b) 2 only
state in consultation with the Union Finance c) Both 1 and 2
Commission as per convention. d) Neither 1 nor 2
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Q60. Which of the following observations about Mughal
India made by Francois Bernier is correct?
a) His account is marked by the eulogy of the
Mughal Empire.
b) He emphasised the superiority of Mughal India
over contemporary Europe.
c) He described Indian society as consisting of
undifferentiated masses of impoverished people.
d) According to him, one of the fundamental
differences between Mughal India and Europe
was the lack of private property on land in the
latter.
Q61. The term ‘Reye’s syndrome’, often seen in the news,
is related to which of the following?
a) Heart Disease
b) Brain and liver disease
c) Kidney stones
d) Genetic disorder
Q62. With reference to Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease,
consider the following statements:
1. It is a common contagious viral infection among
the aged persons usually above 80 years old.
2. It is mostly caused by the varicella-zoster virus.
3. There’s no specific treatment for hand-foot-and-
mouth disease.
Which of the above given statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Q63. This National Park is a UNESCO world heritage site
in Russia. Established in 1983, it is the oldest national
park in Russia. It is situated in the Western Caucasus,
and it is bounded by rivers Shepsi and Magri in the
northwest, Abkhazia in the southeast, the Black Sea
coast and the Main Caucasian ridge in the north and
south.
Which one of the following National Parks is being
described in the above paragraph?
a) Alaniya National Park
b) Shorsky National Park
c) Zabyikalsky National Park
d) Sochi National Park
Q64. Recently, India backed the Solidarity-2023 border
operation, it was initiated by which of the following
countries?
a) China
b) United States
c) Russia
d) Ukraine
Q65. With reference to Neelakurinji flowers, consider the
following statements:
1. It is a type of wildflower seen only in Tamil
Nadu and Kerala.
2. This flower blooms once every 6 years.
3. These flowers belong to a shrub that is particularly
found in the Shola forests.
Which of the above given statements is/are incorrect?
a) 1 only
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Q66. The term ‘Friendshoring’ is sometimes seen in the
news in the context of international relations. Which
of the following statements best describes this term?
a) It is a business network composed of
manufacturers, supply chain partners, distributors,
and financiers.
b) It is shorthand for the practice of relocating
supply chains to countries where the risk of
disruption from political chaos is low.
c) It is a bilateral military alliance for important
innovations in essentially new weapons such as
submarines, poison gas, warplanes, and tanks.
d) It is a mutual agreement between countries to
help each other when in need.
Q67. Consider the following statements regarding purchasing
power parity (PPP) exchange rates:
1. The prices of goods will be the same in both
countries when converted at the PPP exchange
rate.
2. If two countries have zero rates of inflation,
their PPP exchange rates will be constant.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q68. “Inflation” in the economy generally leads to which
of the following?
1. Depreciation of currency
2. Appreciation of currency
3. Increase in real interest rate
4. Increase in nominal interest rate
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 1 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q69. Which one of the following organisations publishes
the ‘World Economic Outlook’ report biannually?
a) World Economic Forum
b) International Monetary Fund
c) World Bank
d) Eurasian Development Bank
Q70. Consider the following statements in reference to
Enhanced Access and Service Excellence (EASE)
reform:
1. The EASE programme is driven by the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI).
2. The EASE programme sets a common reform
agenda for public and private sector banks every
year.
3. EASE reforms aim to improve profitability, asset
quality, customer service, and digital capabilities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
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MOCK TEST
Q71. Which of the following are critically endangered species c) Scorpions
of Rhino according to the IUCN Red Data book? d) Crayfish
1. Greater one-horned Rhino Q77. India’s first slender loris sanctuary was recently set up
2. Sumatran Rhino in which of the following states of India?
3. Javan Rhino a) Kerala
Select the correct answer using the code given below: b) Karnataka
a) 1 and 2 only c) Tamil Nadu
b) 2 and 3 only d) Assam
c) 1 and 3 only Q78. Consider the following statements about the
d) 1, 2 and 3 Environment (Protection) Act of 1986:
Q72. In which of the following states of India, Amor Falcons 1. It was enacted under the provisions of Article
have stopover while their journey as migratory birds? 253 of Indian Constitution.
a) West Bengal 2. The main purpose of the Act is to implement
b) Chhattisgarh the decisions of the Stockholm Conference.
c) Nagaland 3. It bars any person, except government officials,
d) Odisha to file a complaint with a court alleging an offence
under the Act.
Q73. Consider the following statements about snow leopard:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. In India, it is found only in Himalayan states.
a) 1 only
2. Its conservation status is endangered as per
IUCN. b) 1 and 2 only
3. It is a state animal of Ladakh. c) 3 only
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? d) 1 and 3 only
a) 1 only Q79. Which of the following authority is/are not established
under the provisions of Environment (Protection) Act
b) 1 and 2 only
of 1986?
c) 2 only
1. Central Pollution Control Board
d) 1 and 3 only
2. Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee
Q74. Consider the following statements about Pashmina
wool: 3. National Council for Rejuvenation, Protection &
Management of River Ganga
1. It is derived from the undercoat of Changthangi
goat. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
2. The undercoat is collected by combing goats, not a) 1 only
by shearing. b) 1 and 2 only
3. The tribal people of Kashmir valley are the c) 2 and 3 only
traditional producers of Pashmina wool. d) 1, 2 and 3
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Q80. In which of the following cases, prior approval of the
a) 1 only National Biodiversity Authority is not required?
b) 1 and 2 only 1. A foreign pharmaceutical company obtaining
c) 1 and 3 only biological resources and associated knowledge
d) 1, 2 and 3 from Indian Territory for development of drugs.
Q75. Consider the following statements about measures 2. Indian scholar transferring results of research
being undertaken to reduce Green House Gas emission with respect to any biological resources to foreign
in India: organisations.
1. All thermal power plants in India must ensure 3. Indian agricultural university doing scientific
10% use of biomass pellets research on genetic modification of crop plants.
2. As a fuel by October 2022. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
3. All Petrol sold in India must be blended with a) 1 only
10% ethanol by the end of 2025. b) 1 and 2 only
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? c) 3 only
a) 1 only d) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 only Q81. Composite Dialogue Process is the bilateral mechanism
c) Both 1 and 2 for resolving outstanding issues between which of the
d) Neither 1 nor 2 following countries?
Q76. Among the following organisms, which one does not a) North Korea and South Korea
belong to the class of the other three? b) India and Pakistan
a) Crabs c) Armenia and Azerbaijan
b) Shrimps d) Ukraine and Russia
172 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
MOCK TEST
Q82. Consider the following pairs: c) Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Places often seen Regions/Locations d) Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea
in the news Q88. Consider the following statements about Atal Tunnel:
1. Kherson Syria 1. It is located near Baralacha La pass in Himachal
2. Kobane Turkey Pradesh.
3. Cianjur Indonesia 2. It provides all weather connectivity from Manali
4. Yerevan Armenia to Lahaul and Spiti valley.
How many pairs given above are correctly matched? Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) Only one pair a) 1 only
b) Only two pairs b) 2 only
c) Only three pairs c) Both 1 and 2
d) All four pairs d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q83. In which of the following cases, the Supreme Court Q89. Consider the following statements:
held that the power of Speaker of the Lok Sabha 1. Barren Island is the only active volcano of India.
under the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution is subject 2. Narcondam Island is an example of a dormant
to judicial review? volcano.
a) IR Coelho 2003 3. Barren Island is located north of Narcondam
b) Kihoto Hollohan 1992 Island.
c) Janhit Abhiyan 2022 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
d) Lok Prahari 2002 a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
Q84. Identify the principles governing the concept of Self c) 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3
Help Groups (SHGs) in India? Q90. Consider the following descriptions:
1. Principle of Homogeneity 1. The city is home for the Eastern Naval
2. Principle of Voluntarism Command.
3. Principle of Self-governance 2. It has the largest integrated steel plant in India.
4. Principle of Empowerment 3. The 1,000-year-old Simhachalam temple is located
5. Principle of Mutuality in this city.
Select the correct answer from the code given below: Which of the following cities is described above?
a) 1, 2,3 and 5 only a) Visakhapatnam
b) 1, 3 and 5 only b) Chennai
c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only c) Cuttack
d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 d) Kolkata
Q85. Consider the following statements: Q91. Consider the following statements about Pokkali paddy:
1. The Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC) is an 1. Pokkali is an ancient farming practice where one
initiative of Japan and the United States of season of rice farming is alternated with another
America.
season of fish culture.
2. The Partnership for Infrastructure and Investment
(PGII) is an initiative of the Group of 20 (G-20) 2. It is traditionally practiced in Kerala.
nations. 3. It involves a salt-tolerant variety of paddy.
3. Israel, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan and Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Morocco are the signatories to the Abraham a) 1 only
Accord. b) 1 and 2 only
Which of the above-given statements is/are correct? c) 2 and 3 only
a) 1 and 2 only d) 1, 2 and 3
b) 2 and 3 only Q92. Assertion: United Kingdom (U.K.) experiences
c) 3 only moderate climate despite its location in
d) 1, 2 and 3 only higher latitudes.
Q86. Which of the following countries does not share border Reason: The region is influenced by warm air
with Baltic Sea? mass arriving from tropical areas.
a) Poland In the context of the above, which of the following is
b) Russia correct?
c) Germany a) (A) and (R) both are true, (R) is correct
d) Belarus explanation of (A)
Q87. Dover Strait connects which of the following water b) (A) and (R) both are true, (R) is not correct
bodies? explanation of (A)
a) North Sea and Baltic Sea c) (A) is true, (R) is false
b) English Channel and North Sea d) (A) is false, (R) is true
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 173
MOCK TEST
Q93. Consider the following statements about general c) Three pairs only
atmospheric temperature distribution: d) All of them
1. The northern hemisphere is warmer than the Q98. Despite extensive volcanic eruption along the mid-
southern hemisphere. oceanic ridges, there are comparatively less number of
2. Isotherms shift towards poles when we pass volcanic mountains formed.
through an area where warm ocean current is Which of the following could be the possible reason?
flowing. a) Magma is highly fluid and thus travels horizontally
3. Annual range of temperature goes on decreasing for longer distances before getting solidified.
from coastal areas to the interiors of the b) Due to the presence of water, magma is cooled
continents. immediately.
Which of the statements given above are correct? c) Magma is acidic and thus is water soluble.
a) 1 and 2 only d) Magma is acidic and thus immediately cooled
b) 2 and 3 only down.
c) 1 and 3 only Q99. Consider the following dams:
d) 1, 2 and 3 1. Gandhi Sagar dam
Q94. In which of the following situations, the condensation 2. Rana Pratap Sagar dam
process may not occur? 3. Jawahar Sagar Dam
1. Reducing the temperature of air to dew point by 4. Maharana Pratap Sagar dam
keeping volume constant.
2. Decrease in relative humidity of air parcels. Which of the above mentioned dams are built across
Chambal River?
3. Bring down the saturation temperature of air.
a) 1 and 2 only
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
b) 1, 2 and 3 only
a) 1 and 2 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
b) 2 only
d) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
Q100. Which of the following are formed due to Hotspot
d) 3 only volcanism?
Q95. In a tropical area, if winds flow from land to ocean, 1. Deccan traps
which of the following are possible?
2. Hawaiian Islands
1. Piling of warm water on the coast.
3. Chagos Islands
2. Increase in the temperature of ocean water along
the coast. 4. Reunion Islands
3. Upwelling of cold water along the coast. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
4. Abundant fish growth in coastal areas. a) 1 and 2 only
Select the correct answer using the code given below: b) 1, 2 and 4 only
a) 1 and 2 only c) 2, 3 and 4 only
b) 2 and 3 only d) All of them
c) 3 and 4 only ANSWERS
d) 1 and 4 only
Q96. Consider the following depositional landforms along 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c)
the coast: 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
1. Spit 11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (d)
2. Bar 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (d)
3. Lagoon 21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (a)
4. Coastal Plain 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (c)
Which of the following is the correct sequence of 31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (c)
formation of above landforms on the coast? 36. (d) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (d)
a) 1-2-3-4 b) 2-1-3-4 41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (a) 45. (d)
c) 2-1-4-3 d) 1-2-4-3 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (d)
Q97. Consider the following pairs: 51. (c) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (d) 55. (d)
List-I List-II 56. (b) 57. (a) 58. (c) 59. (b) 60. (c)
Landform Formed due to 61. (b) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (a) 65. (b)
V-shaped valley Fluvial erosion 66. (b) 67. (c) 68. (c) 69. (b) 70. (c)
U-Shaped valley Glacial erosion 71. (b) 72. (c) 73. (d) 74. (b) 75. (d)
Blind valley Tectonic forces 76. (c) 77. (c) 78. (b) 79. (c) 80. (c)
Rift valley Karst topography 81. (b) 82. (b) 83. (b) 84. (d) 85. (c)
How many pairs given above is/are correctly matched? 86. (d) 87. (b) 88. (b) 89. (a) 90. (a)
a) One pair only 91. (d) 92. (c) 93. (a) 94. (b) 95. (c)
b) Two pairs only 96. (b) 97. (b) 98. (a) 99. (b) 100. (d)
174 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Indian National Movement
K. K. Bhardwaj
Eminent Author of History Books

Jallianwala Bagh
The First World War brought enormous governing institutions at the end of the There were protest meetings and
burden upon the people of India. They hostilities in consonance with the demonstrations throughout the country—
had been dragged into war without their declaration made by Edwin Montague, in Delhi, Allahabad (now Prayagraj),
consent. The strength of armed forces Secretary of State for India, in the House Kanpur, Lucknow, Patna, Madras (now
was increased considerably. Many young of Commons on August 20, 1917. Chennai) and Bombay (now Mumbai).
men were compelled to join the army The appointment of a Sedition Gandhiji, who had been a staunch loyalist
against the wishes of their parents. The Committee by Lord Chelmsford, the so far, also felt humiliated. He wrote to the
Indian soldiers were sent to distant lands Viceroy, on December 10, 1917 under the Viceroy to withdraw these Bills and if this
to fight for the British imperialism. About chairmanship of Justice Rowlatt to suggest was not acceded to, he would organise a
60,000 brave sons of India lost their lives measures to deal effectively with the satyagraha campaign. Accordingly, he set
during the War. The common people faced revolutionary movement in India threw up a Satyagraha Sabha whose members
many shortages of consumer items and cold water on the hopes of the people and would “refuse civilly to obey these laws.”
an abnormally high rate of inflation. enraged them beyond measure. The But the government did not budge an inch.
Since the Britishers, along with their Sedition Committee submitted its report Of the two Bills, one was passed on
allies, were fighting the war to defend in April 1918 on the basis of which the March 18, 1919 and placed on the statute
democracy and the right of self- government introduced two Bills in the book on March 21, 1919 despite the stiff
determination for all communities, it was Central Assembly, known as the Rowlatt opposition from all the non-official Indian
not too big for the Indians to hope that Bills (popularly dubbed as the Black Bills). members of the Central Legislative
their r ulers would g rant them self- This was bound to add fuel to the fire. Council, three of whom, namely, Pandit
Pandit Madan Mohan people at Jallianwala Bagh by
Malaviya, with his Brigadier General Dyer,
indomitable spirit and energy, followed by curfew in Amritsar
brought to light the most ugly and reign of terror in the rest
facts of the reign of terror of Punjab, with several
and framed 92 questions humiliating orders on the
alleging specific instances of Indian people, he flared up on
brutality for the Imperial indignation. Jallianwala Bagh
Legislative Council which massacre was like thousands
were disallowed by the of human beings caught up
Viceroy. Those were in a “mouse-trap”, where
Pandit Madan Mohan incredible pictures of Gurudev Rabindranath General Dyer exhausted all his
Malaviya monstrous cruelties. This was Tagore ammunition. Tagore could not
proved by the fact that the sleep the whole night. He kept
On March 18, 1919 Rabindranath Tag ore’s on pacing his room as the
Government immediately
the Government of India swadeshi and patriotic songs restless poet was all burning
introduced a Bill of gave expression to the people’s
passed the Anarchical and within himself. At the dawn,
Indemnity for protecting the anguish and anger, hatred
Revolutionary Crimes Act he sat at his desk, took up
(Rowlatt Bill or the ‘Black Bill’) British officials from against foreign rule and love
consequences of their action. his pen to relinquish his
in spite of stiff opposition from for the country and countrymen. Knighthood as a measure of
Indian leaders, as it was aimed The questions asked by In every note, they breathed a
Pandit Malaviya, however, protest. He wrote a strong but
at brutally suppressing the poignant love for the land and dignified letter to the Viceroy,
freedom movement in India. transmitted such a thrill of the people. With his songs,
horror over the entire country giving voice to the protest
Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, people rose like one man to of the millions of his
as a non-official member of the that the Viceroy announced resist, suffer and sacrifice. countrymen suppressed into a
Central Legislative Council, the appointment of a The British Government dumb anguish of terror.
resigned from the Council to Committee of Inquiry in his took every measure to suppress He wrote in his declaration :
protest against the adoption of opening speech. The non- the news of Jallianwala Bagh “The time has come when
the Black Bill. official members suggested and the brutalities inflicted badges of honour make our
For eight months, following the postponement of upon the people of Punjab. But shame glaring in their
the massacre at Jallianwala Indemnity Bill in view of the they could not succeed. News incongruous context of
Bagh, the British Government appointment of the flowed down to the rest of the humiliation, and I, for my part,
tried to draw a veil over the Committee of Inquiry, for it country. Within a few days, the wish to stand shorn of all
horrible atrocities perpetrated would be used for shielding news reached Calcutta special distinctions, by the
in Punjab. But the news slowly in advance those very persons (now Kolkata), to Gurudev side of my countrymen,
percolated to the other parts whose conduct was the Rabindranath Tagore. As he who, for their so-called
of the country which activated subject of inquiry. But the heard about the terrible insignificance, are liable to
the Indian leaders to a new Government proceeded with inhuman mass slaughtering of suffer degradation not fit for
direction. the Bill and it was passed. unarmed and defenceless human beings.”
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 177
Madan Mohan Malaviya, Mohammed Ali
Jinnah and Mazharul Huq, resigned their
membership of the Council. It came to
be known as the Rowlatt Act after the
name of Justice Rowlatt, although its
official caption was the Anarchical and
Revolutionary Crimes Act, 1919. It gave
wide powers to the government to arrest
any person without warrant and detain him
in jail. It also provided for trial of offences
by the special courts against whose
decisions there could be no appeal.
A grim situation faced the nation. What
should be done? It was a dilemma. Gandhiji
also felt sad. He could not sleep throughout
the night of March 18, 1919, the day the
Black Bill was passed. He pondered over
the problem as to what to do. At dawn, he
got an answer. It was to be a hartal —
suspension of all business by the entire
nation. A day of mourning. A day of protest.
A day of fast and prayers. Let the entire
India be silent and her oppressors listen to
the unspoken voice of the people. It was
to be held on March 30, 1919 but
subsequently changed to April 6, 1919.
Call for Hartal
The country gave a wonderful response
to the call of Gandhiji. Everything came
to a standstill on the day of the hartal. Many
observed the full-day fast also. Public
meetings were held. Demonstrations took
place. The government became panicky. It
tried to terrorise the people. In Delhi, where
the hartal took place on March 30, 1919,
it was a day of great happenings. There was
a spirit of complete har mony and
comradeship between the Hindus and
Muslims. Swami Shradhanand, the great
Arya Samaj leader, spoke to the vast crowds
at Jama Masjid. He was a tall man, dressed
in orange clothes—a sanyasi. He led the
procession at Chandni Chowk. The troops
tried to disrupt the procession. Swamiji
bared his chest and asked them to shoot
at him. Instead, they shot nine others, five
Hindus and four Muslims. Many were
injured. The British nurses of the police
hospital refused to attend to the injured
because they were rebels. Gandhiji was
informed of the situation in Delhi and
was requested to visit the town. As he was
coming by train, the police arrested him at
Palwal railway station and escorted him
back to Bombay on April 8, 1919.
At Amritsar, the hartal was observed on
both the dates—March 30 and April 6,
1919—and there was no untoward
incident. It was a complete success and
there was a big demonstration held jointly
by the Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs. At a
public meeting of about 50,000 people,
the speakers proclaimed the imminent
downfall of the British Raj if the Rowlatt
Act was not withdrawn. Three days later,
the people also observed Ram Naumi as
the National Solidarity Day. They brought
out a big procession in which the slogans
of Mahatma Gandhi ki jai and Hindu
Mussalman ki jai were raised. This made
the District Magistrate a bit nervous. In
sheer desperation, he summoned to his
residence the two prominent leaders of
178
the town, Dr. Satyapal and Dr. Saif-ud-
din Kitchlew, and got them arrested.
The news of their arrest caused utmost
anger among the people. All shops were
closed down immediately. The crowds
moved towards the Civil Lines where the
British bureaucrats had their bungalows.
They wanted to know where their leaders
were and why they had been detained. A
military picket prevented them from
entering the Civil Lines. When the mob
went out of control, they opened fire in
which not less than twenty persons were
killed. This was not a good way to control
the mob. The mob became violent and
embarked upon vengeance. It turned back
and entered the city. It set fire to
government buildings, cut telegraph and
telephone lines and killed five Europeans.
A missionary woman, Miss Sherwood, who
was on her way to school on her bicycle,
was beaten with sticks and fists and left
unconscious on the roadside. She was
soon removed by some other Indians to
their house, given first aid and later
restored to her kith and kin. The situation
had gone out of control. The government,
therefore, decided to control it with the
help of martial law regulations.
Massacre of the Innocent
Brigadier General Dyer arrived from
Jullundur Cantt. on the evening of
April 11, 1919 to establish the martial law
rule which was officially proclaimed later
on April 15, 1919. Next day, he ordered
indiscriminate arrests of persons to strike
terror in the minds of the agitators. He
ordered a march past of the troops and
armoured cars to frighten them. He
forbade all meetings and processions, and
declared by the beat of drums at nineteen
places that those defying his orders would
be shot dead. But the people were not
afraid of the guns and bullets of their
British oppressors. They assembled in large
numbers at Jallianwala Bagh for another
meeting on April 13, 1919, i.e., the day of
Baisakhi, to make their pleadings with the
authorities to withdraw the Rowlatt Act.
This was what Dyer could never tolerate.
He reached the spot with a force of 90
soldiers and two armoured cars equipped
with machine guns. He stationed them at
the entrance so that nobody could escape.
He also knew there were walls and
buildings on all sides and none would be
able to run away safe when he would give
orders for firing. He, therefore, gave no
signal of his arrival nor any warning to
the crowd to disperse. He ordered his
troops to fire and they went on till all
their ammunition was exhausted. In all
1,650 rounds were fired. More than a
thousand people were killed and several
thousands lay wounded. There was none
to give them medical aid when they were
struggling between life and death. The
authorities took no care about them
because their objective was to teach them
a lesson. Their sympathisers were also
unable to do anything because they were
compelled to remain indoors through
imposition of curfew. The wounded had,
therefore, to lie in pain without bandage,
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
medicine or food. That was the price they
had to pay for their patriotism. Little did
General Dyer grasp that when a mighty
imperial government fires upon unarmed
people, it does not frighten them. It only
accepts its own helplessness.
Not content with what he had already
done, Dyer issued a series of humiliating
orders to chastise the people. Curfew was
imposed for weeks. More than two persons
were forbidden to walk on the pavements
at one time. People were ordered to salute
every British officer they saw on their way.
They had to crawl on their bellies when
they passed through the street in which
Miss Sherwood had been assaulted. The
non-performance of this humiliating act
made them liable to whipping in the open
for which a contingent of soldiers was
stationed on the spot. Thousands of
persons were arrested and kept in jail
without trial. The properties of those
sympathetic to the agitators were
confiscated. Students were directed to
report daily at the police station for which
they had to traverse long distances on foot.
Such a reign of terror was not confined to
Amritsar alone but prevailed all over
Punjab. The entire province had become a
big prison house under the superintendence
of the army and the police.
The br utalities inflicted by the
government upon the people of Punjab
shocked the conscience of the entire nation.
Rabindranath Tagore renounced his
knighthood. For Gandhiji, it was an
important factor to convert him from a
loyalist to an agitator and enter the Congress
as its supreme leader at Amritsar. Both the
Congress and the government appointed
their separate committees to make an
enquiry into the matter. The Congress
Committee of Inquiry consisted of
Gandhiji, C. R. Das, Fazl-ul-Huq and Abbas
Tyabji. Its report blamed both Sir Michael
O’Dwyer, the Governor of Punjab, and
Brigadier General Dyer and urged the
government to relieve them of their
responsibilities. The report of the Hunter
Committee appointed by the government
took the view that General Dyer’s conduct
rested upon an “honest but mistaken
conception of duty” and his actions were
far beyond the reasonable requirements of
the situation and on this basis the Gover-
nment of India removed him from service.
It was unfortunate that when General
Dyer returned to England in disgrace, his
countrymen did not denounce him for his
brutal acts. The House of Lords passed a
resolution by 129 votes to 89 deploring his
removal. The Morning Post of London asked
its readers to subscribe to a fund to be
donated to him and was able to collect an
enormous sum of £ 30,000. A ladies
association calling itself ‘The Women of
England’ presented him with a sword of
honour. A large number of Europeans in
India also regarded him as the saviour of
the British empire. This was bound to cause
a breach of faith between the rulers and
the ruled, and to enrage the enlightened
pro-British Indians who were now
compelled to throw themselves in line with
the mainstream of national struggle.
 SIKSHA ‘O’ ANUSANDHAN (SOA)
NIRF RANKINGS 2022: SOA MAINTAINS PRE-EMINENT
POSITION WITH 16TH RANK IN THE COUNTRY
Continuing its pre-eminent position in academics and country, has been ranked among the top 50 in India in the
research, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (SOA) Deemed th
to be latest QS India University Rankings 2020. The Quacquarelli
University climbed several notches to be placed 16 in the Symonds (QS) World University Rankings is a UK-based annual
country in the National Institutional Ranking Framework publication of university rankings comprising the global overall
(NIRF) 2022, released by the Union Education and subject rankings which rank the world’s top
Minister Mr. Dharmendra Pradhan in universities.
New Delhi on July 15, 2022. th th
SOA has also been ranked
SOA, nationally ranked 20 in the 15 among the top 50 Deemed to be
University Category by NIRF 2021, has Universities in the country in the latest Outlook-
improved its position in four ICARE India University
different categories and broke rankings for 2019, making it
into the top ten bracket in two the highest ranked such
others in the 2022 rankings. Two university in Odisha.
of the SOA institutes—Institute The department of Institute of
of Dental Sciences (IDS), Technical Education and
faculty of dental sciences; and Research (ITER), of
SOA National Institute of Law (SNIL), th
SOA, has now
faculty of legal studies— become the 4 institute in the
figured in the top 10 bracket country to get 3 of its programs
in the country for the first time. accredited by the reputed Accreditation
The 15-year-old Deemed thto be Board for Engineering and
University has been ranked 30 in Technology (ABET), USA. Adding yet
the Overall Category
th
this time, as th
another feather to its glowing cap, SOA has been ranked
compared to 37 in 2021, th
while it was ranked 18 th fourth in the country in the Swachh Campus Ranking
in Medical Sciences, 27 in Engineering and 10 in for 2019, conducted by the HRD ministry.
Dental Sciences categories. Entering the fray for th
the Nine different institutions function under the SOA
first time, SOA’s faculty of law has been thranked 9 in the umbrella offering 95 academic programmes in
country while the University is placed 45 in research category. Engineering & Technology, Medical Sciences,
SOA, recently, reached a huge milestone when the National Dental Sciences, Management Sciences, Hospital
Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) accredited the Administration, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biotechnology,
University with the highest Grade A++ with a Cumulative Nursing, Hospitality & Tourism Management, Legal
Grade Points Average (CGPA) of 3.88 out of 4. Studies and Agricultural Sciences. Around 12,000 students
Ever since the NIRF ranking was introduced by the Ministry including from six different countries study in the University.
of Education in 2016, SOA has been the youngest university to
be continuously ranked among the top 25 universities in the SALIENT FEATURES OF SOA UNIVERSITY
country. ê 37 National Collaborations
Institute of Medical Sciences and SUMst Hospital, SOA’s ê 127 Acres campus
faculty of medical sciences, was ranked 21 by NIRF in 2021 ê 4,47,395 sqm. Built-up Area
while the Institute of Technical Education and Research (ITER), ê 13 Research Centres
faculty of engineering and technology, and Institute of Dental ê 38 Research Labs
nd th ê 197 e-Enabled Classrooms
Sciences (IDS), were ranked 32 and 14 respectively in 2021.
ê State-of-the-art 1,400-seat auditorium alongside four other
SOA’s latest ranking meant that it was the third best university auditoria
in the east while its faculties of medical sciences and dental ê 10 Student Activity Centres
sciences occupied the number one position among the eastern ê Multiple ISP Connectivity (more than 2Gbps)
states. It’s faculty of law was positioned third in the eastern ê 37 National Collaborations
region. ê 27 International Collaborations
Expressing happiness over the ranks obtained by the ê High-end Multi-disciplinary Research in Emerging Areas
university, Prof. (Dr.) Manojranjan Nayak, Founder President ê Fully Automated Libraries with Ample Print Learning
of SOA, congratulated the faculty and other employees for their Resources
continuous and relentless effort to make SOA successful in ê Adequate e-Resources with e-Databases
every field. ê Fellowship for Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Programmes
The Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, ê Scholarship for Meritorious Students
counted among the leading higher education institutions of the ê Fully Wi-Fi Campus

180 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 Constitution Of India
The Union Judiciary—Supreme Court
The Supreme Court plays a unique role
in the scheme of Constitutional government
in the country as the highest appellate
judicial authority and the final interpreter
of the Constitution as well as the guardian
of our Fundamental Rights. Although the
Constitution establishes a Federal System
of Government, unlike many other
countries with Federal Constitutions, India
has a single judicial system which has
brought about not only jurisdictional unity,
but also the establishment of a single judicial
cadre, as it were, for the whole country.
With the Supreme Court at its apex, the
Indian Judiciary is a fully integrated system
under which the writ of the Supreme Court
runs not only all over the country—in
Central, State and local areas—but also
within all fields of law—Constitutional, civil
and criminal.
The Constitution envisages an
independent Supreme Court. The
independence of the judges is ensured by
the following provisions (Article 124):
(1) Every judge of the Supreme Court is
appointed by the President of India after
consultation with such judges of the
Supreme Court and of High Courts of the
States as the President may deem necessary
for the purpose. But in the appointment of
a judge, other than a Chief Justice,
consultation with the Chief Justice of India
by the President is obligatory.
(2) The elimination of politics in the
appointment of judges is further achieved
by prescribing the minimum qualifications
in the Constitution itself.
(3) A judge of the Supreme Court, once
appointed, holds office until he completes
the age of sixty-five years.
(4) A retired judge is prohibited from
practising law before any court in India.
(5) A Supreme Court judge can be
removed from office by an order of the
President only on the grounds of proved
misbehaviour or incapacity after a resolution
for the purpose is passed by both Houses
of Parliament supported by a majority of
the total membership of the House and a
majority of not less than two-thirds of the
members present and voting.
(6) The conditions of service of a judge
cannot be altered to his disadvantage after
his appointment.
(7) The independence of the judges is
further safeguarded by making all their
actions and decisions taken in their official
capacity, immune from criticism and also
providing for an establishment over which
the Court has complete control.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Former Vice-Chancellor, University of Cochin
Qualifications : Article 124(3)
provides for the qualifications required for
appointment as a Judge of the Supreme
Court. The qualifications are :
(a) The person should be a citizen of
India; and
(b) He/She should have been for at least
five years a Judge of a High Court or
of two or more such Courts in
succession; or
(c) He/She has been for at least ten years
an advocate of a High Court or of
two or more such courts in
succession; or
(d) He/She is, in the opinion of the
President, a distinguished jurist.
Judiciary occupies a very
important place in a Federal
Constitution. But in the interest
of an efficient judicial system, it
is essential that the judiciary must
be independent. It should, in no
case, be under the control of the
executive or the legislature.
Realising the importance of an
independent judiciary, the framers
of our Constitution have sought to
establish an independent Supreme
Court free from the influence of
the executive or the legislature.
There is no minimum age prescribed for
being appointed as Judge of a Supreme
Court.
Tenure : A person appointed as a Judge
of the Supreme Court holds office until he
attains the age of sixty-five years, provided
that
(a) A judge may, by writing under his hand
addressed to the President, resign his
office prior to attainment of age of
sixty-five years; Or
(b) A judge may be removed from his
office by an order of the President
passed after an address by each
Prof. (Dr.) M. V. Pylee
House of Parliament supported by a
majority of the total membership of
that House and by a majority of not
less than two-thirds of the members
of the House present and voting has
been presented to the President in
the same session for such removal
on the ground of proved
misbehaviour or incapacity.
Jurisdiction : The Supreme Court
enjoys three types of jurisdiction—original,
appellate and advisory. The Supreme
Court has exclusive original jurisdiction
in any dispute between (a) the
Government of India and one or more
States; or (b) between the Government of
India and any State or States on the one
side and one or more States on the other;
or (c) between two or more States. The
Court has four types of appellate
jurisdictions: Constitutional, civil, criminal
and special. In any case which involves an
interpretation of the Constitution, the
appellate jurisdiction of the Court can be
invoked. Further, in civil cases the Court’s
jurisdiction can be invoked if the High
Court certifies that the case involves a
substantial question of law of general
importance. In the criminal field, the
jurisdiction of the Court can be invoked
only if a High Court has on appeal
reversed an order of acquittal of an
accused person and sentenced him to
death, or has withdrawn for trial before
itself any case from any court subordinate
to its authority and has in such trial
convicted the accused person and
sentenced him to death, or certifies that
the case is a fit one for appeal to the
Supreme Court.
Under Article 136 of the Constitution,
the Supreme Court is empowered to
entertain special appeals in its discretion
from any judgment or order in any case
passed by any court or tribunal in India.
This is a kind of extraordinary power
181
which the Supreme Court as the highest
court of the land is entitled to make use
of, in the interest of justice. The Supreme
Court may also give its advice to the
President on a question of law or fact of
public importance, as and when the
President refers such a matter to the Court.
The law, declared by the Supreme Court
through its decisions, is binding on all
courts in the country. Further, in the
exercise of its jurisdiction, the Supreme
Court is authorised to pass appropriate
decrees or orders in the interests of justice.
Such decrees and orders are enforceable
throughout the territory of India. It has
also the power to secure the attendance
before it of any person within the country
or order the discovery and production of
any documents, or the investigation or
punishment of any contempt of itself.
Thus, the Supreme Court has a very
important role to perform under the
Constitution. As the final interpreter of the
Constitution, its power embraces not only
the interpretation of the Constitution, but
also that of the laws of the Union
Government, the States and the local
authorities. Under its original jurisdiction,
it finally settles all disputes between the
Union and the States or those between the
States themselves. Its appellate jurisdiction
embraces not only Constitutional but also
civil and criminal matters. And through the
exercise of its power to grant special leave
to appeal, it is competent to review any
decision by any court or tribunal in the
country. It is also empowered, under certain
conditions, to give advice to the President.
The law declared by the Supreme Court
is binding on any court in India. Further, it
has got the power of superintendence and
control over every High Court in India. Its
orders are enforceable throughout the
country and it can order anyone to appear
before it or call for any document. Its
decisions can invalidate the laws made by
even the highest legislative authority of
the land—the Parliament of India.
Above all, the Supreme Court is the
protector of the Fundamental Rights
guaranteed under the Constitution. In the
exercise of this power, it can declare Union
or State laws invalid or issue writs or orders
to any administrative authority in any part
of India with a view to preventing the
infringement of any Fundamental Right.
The combination of such wide and varied
powers in the Supreme Court makes it not
only the supreme authority in the judicial
field, but also the guardian of the
Constitution and the laws of the land.
Court of Record : Article 129 provides
Supreme Court to be a court of records.
This means that its records are admitted to
be of evidentiary value and cannot be
questioned in any court. As a court of record,
it also enjoys the power to punish for
contempt of itself. The punishment can be
simple imprisonment for a term up to six
months, or fine up to Rs. 2000 or both.
Other Powers of the Supreme Court :
Apart from the jurisdictions given above,
182
CHIEF JUSTICES OF INDIA
Name Tenure
Harilal J. Kania 26 January 1950—6 November 1951
M. Patanjali Sastri 7 November 1951—3 January 1954
Mehar Chand Mahajan 4 January 1954—22 December 1954
B.K. Mukherjea 23 December 1954—31 January 1956
S.R. Das 1 February 1956—30 September 1959
Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha 1 October 1959—31 January 1964
P.B. Gajendragadkar 1 February 1964—15 March 1966
A.K. Sarkar 16 March 1966—29 June 1966
K. Subba Rao 30 June 1966—11 April 1967
K.N. Wanchoo 12 April 1967—24 February 1968
M. Hidayatullah 25 February 1968—16 December 1970
I.C. Shah 17 December 1970—21 January 1971
S.M. Sikri 22 January 1971—25 April 1973
A.N. Ray 26 April 1973—27 January 1977
M.H. Beg 28 January 1977—21 February 1978
Y.V. Chandrachud 22 February 1978—11 July 1985
Prafullachandra Natvarlal Bhagwati 12 July 1985—20 December 1986
R.S. Pathak 21 December 1986—18 June 1989
E.S. Venkataramaiah 19 June 1989—17 December 1989
S. Mukherjee 18 December 1989—25 September 1990
Ranganath Mishra 26 September 1990—24 November 1991
K.N. Singh 25 November 1991—12 December 1991
M.H. Kania 13 December 1991—17 November 1992
I.M. Sharma 18 November 1992—11 February 1993
M.N. Venkatachalaiah 12 February 1993—24 October 1994
A.M. Ahmadi 25 October 1994—24 March 1997
J.S. Verma 25 March 1997—17 January 1998
M.M. Punchhi 18 January 1998—9 October 1998
A.S. Anand 10 October 1998—31 October 2001
S.P. Bharucha 1 November 2001—5 May 2002
B.N. Kirpal 6 May 2002—7 November 2002
G.B. Pattanaiak 8 November 2002—18 December 2002
V.N. Khare 19 December 2002—2 May 2004
S. Rajendra Babu 2 May 2004—1 June 2004
R.C. Lahoti 1 June 2004—31 October, 2005
Y.K. Sabharwal 1 November 2005—14 January, 2007
K.G. Balakrishnan 14 January 2007—11 May, 2010
S.H. Kapadia 12 May, 2010—September 28, 2012
Altamas Kabir September 29, 2012—July 18, 2013
P. Sathasivam July 19, 2013—April 27, 2014
Rajendra Mal Lodha April 27, 2014—September 27, 2014
H. Lakshminarayanaswamy Dattu September 28, 2014—December 2, 2015
T.S. Thakur December 3, 2015—January 3, 2017
J.S. Khehar January 4, 2017—August 27, 2017
Dipak Misra August 28, 2017—October 2, 2018
Ranjan Gogoi October 3, 2018—November 17, 2019
Sharad Arvind Bobde November 18, 2019—April 23, 2021
N.V. Ramana April 24, 2021—August 26, 2022
Uday Umesh Lalit August 27, 2022—November 8, 2022
D.Y. Chandrachud November 9, 2022—till date
Shortest tenure :
K.N. Singh : 25 November 1991—12 December 1991 (18 days)
Longest tenure :
Y.V. Chandrachud : 22 February 1978—11 July 1985 (7 years, 4 months, 20 days)
there are other powers enjoyed by the (c) Supreme Court can appoint arbitrators
Supreme Court. These powers are as to decide cases and disputes relating
follows : to extra costs incurred by the State
(a) Supreme Court appoints its officers and government in carrying out the
servants in consultation with the Union directions of the Union Government.
Public Service Commission (UPSC) and (d) Supreme Court is the only authority
determines their conditions of service to look into disputes regarding the
with the approval of the President. election of the President and the Vice-
(b) Supreme Court can make rules President.
regarding the practice and procedure (e) Supreme Court can recommend the
of the court with the prior approval of removal of the Chairman and members
the President. of the UPSC to the President.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 CAREER GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
Bhopal
Empowering Minds, Building Future
Everyone steps into a college to achieve
higher education with lots of dreams.
Career Group of Institutions, Bhopal,
ensures all such dreams come true.
Driven by the need to provide quality
employment, oriented education and
training for the upcoming generation, a
group of intellectuals and educationists
under the leadership of Mr. Vishnu Rajoria
laid the foundation of the Career Society
in Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh,
on 8th May 1969. The society aims to
develop students’ intellectual, physical,
creative, social and emotional potentials.
Career College Bhopal (CCB)
CCB is the flagship institution with 54
glorious years of academic excellence. The
College is accredited A+ Grade by NAAC,
Bengaluru. CCB is an authorised partner
institute of ‘Study in India’, Ministry of
Education, Government of India, to admit
students willing to study in India.
CCB offers UG and PG courses in
Biotechnology, Microbiology, Chemistry,
Zoology, Botany, Commerce, Management,
Computer Science, Physiotherapy,
Paramedical and Library Science. CCB has
online certification programs, spoken
tutorials with IIT Bombay, NPTEL,
NSDC, UGC-NSQF, IGNOU and a
number of short-term certificate and value-
added courses.
CCB is nodal centre for virtual lab, IIT
Delhi. It has established Yunus Social
Business Centre and 3 ZERO Club,
an association of YSBC, Bangladesh.
T&P Cell robustly engages in exposing
students to reputed employers and helps
acquaint them to get selected. It is the first
choice of National and International
corporates for placements. Every year, a
Mega Job fair is organised for the benefit of
society. Our prominent recruiters
are BYJU’s, Bank of America, Axis Bank
L&T Constructions, TCS, and ICICI Bank.
Year after year, CCB has university
toppers. In the last three years, 61 toppers
have been conferred. The College is a
recognized research centre in Chemistry,
Computer Science and Commerce.
CCB is an authorised centre of the
prestigious Biotechnology Industry
NAAC sponsored National Seminar at Career College, Bhopal on 19th May, 2023
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Research Assistance Council (BIRAC),
Government of India. Empowering Youth
for Undertaking Value Added Innovative
Translational Research (EYUVA) centre
ensures for enhancement of
entrepreneurship and promotes start-ups at
the UG and PG level.
Career College of Law (CCL),
Bhopal
One of the finest and first private law
institutes of Central India, affiliated to
Barkatullah University, Bhopal, it is
approved by the Bar Council of India, New
Delhi.
CCL provides three eminent courses—
B.A.LLB (Hons), LL.B. and LL.M.—to
accelerate students with conceptual,
theoretical and practical knowledge in
various aspects of Law. The Institute aims
not only at the legal skills of the students
but also builds up communication and
analytical skills.
CCL strives to achieve excellence by
organising legal aid camps, court
visits, and participation in ADR forums for
budding legal professionals to give practical
exposure and legal awareness to learn well
and reach higher echelons in the legal
profession. It even advances and
disseminates knowledge of Law to inculcate
a strong research attitude in the students.
It has a well-stocked and computerised
library. The Institute provides practical
exposure to legal proceedings through
Moot Court, a method of teaching Law
and Legal skills to analyse and argue both
sides of a hypothetical legal issue.
T&P Cell works tirelessly to provide the
best opportunities in internships and post-
placement offers in the domains of Civil
Society Organizations, Advocates/Law
firms, Regulatory bodies, Legislative
Committees, Law Reforms, Judicial Offices,
Supreme and High Court Judges, NHRC.
CCL offers Civil Judge Exam
Preparation to students to excel in the
judicial examination. It invites Advocates,
Law Firms and Corporate Firms to conduct
on-campus and off-campus placement
drives every year.
Career College of Nursing
(CCN), Bhopal
Continuing the legacy, the Career Society
further expanded its wing as CCN in 2015.
CCN is approved by MPNRC, Bhopal, and
Indian Nursing Council, New Delhi. CCN
is affiliated to the MP Medical Science
University, Jabalpur.
CCN believes in providing educational
programs that enhance a student’s unique
intellectual, moral, spiritual and psychological
development. The College believes in
equipping each and every student with
appropriate knowledge and practical skills
so that the student can match the standards
laid down by the Nursing Council and leave
behind a trail for other professionals of the
same stream to follow. T&P cells
provide the best openings in internships and
job placements with recruiters
Career College of Management
(CCM), Bhopal
CCM was set up by the Career Society,
Bhopal, in 2009 at Airport Road Campus
in Bhopal. The 44-acre campus with
a contemporary high-tech environment
enables an ideal setting for higher academic
pursuits. CCM adopts advanced teaching
and learning techniques to impart
knowledge and skills to students.
Equipped with an ultramodern
Computer Lab, fully computerised library
and well-furnished classrooms, CCM offers
BA, B.Com, BCA, BBA, B.Sc. and MBA.
Career Institute of Medical
Sciences (CIMS), Bhopal
CIMS, a 100+ Bedded Multi-Speciality
Health Care Centre, is CGHS approved.
CIMS provides complete services
for the treatment of emergency, acute
and follow-up care for patients.
Founded upon a vision to provide world-
class health-related facilities, CIMS has come
a long way since its inception in 2003. It is
the epitome of the best hospital in
central India, where health meets care and
knowledge meets experience. The CIMS is
further undergoing an expansion of the
Cancer Research Centre with Karakinos
to serve society by imparting the best
treatment affordable to all.
Career Design School (CDS),
Bhopal
Creative career starts at CDS, a top
animation college in Bhopal offering
futuristic, career-focused courses in 2D, 3D
Animation, VFX and Game Development.
The Design School’s main focus is to
prepare the students for the AVGC
(Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming and
Comics) industry. It thrives to uplift
students’ technical and creative skills
and carves their careers in the said field.
For more details, visit
https://careercollegeindia.com
183

INDIA
Burning Topics
(Continued from page 34)
The notification has been issued under
the National Medical Commission Act
2019. The Act aimed to improve access
to quality and affordable medical
education to ensure that high-quality
medical professionals were present in all
parts of the country. It also spoke of an
NMR that would be maintained by the
Ethics and Medical Registration Board
(EMRB) under Section 31 of the Act.
UIN will be generated centrally by the
EMRB and NMC, granting the
practitioner registration in NMR and
eligibility to practise medicine in India.
A processing fee will be charged for the
generation of UIN.
Congress Returns To Power
In Karnataka, Siddaramaiah
Takes Oath As 24th CM
Senior Congress leader
Mr. Siddaramaiah took oath as
Karnataka’s Chief Minister for the
second time following the party’s
resounding victory in the State Assembly
elections. He is the 24th Chief Minister
of the State. Accompanying him,
Mr. D.K. Shivakumar was sworn in as
the State’s sole Deputy Chief Minister.
Karnataka Governor Mr. Thawarchand
Gehlot administered the oath of office
and secrecy to Mr. Siddaramaiah,
Mr. Shivakumar, and eight others at Sree
Kanteerava Stadium in Bengaluru on
May 20, 2023. The eight other legislators
who took oath as Cabinet Ministers
included Mr. G. Parameshwara, Mr. K.H.
Muniyappa, Mr. K.J. George, Mr. M.B.
Patil, Mr. Satish Jarkiholi, Mr. Priyank
Kharge, Mr. Ramalinga Reddy and
Mr. B.Z. Zameer Ahmad Khan. The full-
fledged Cabinet of the new government
came into effect on May 27, 2023, when
another 24 legislators were sworn in as
Ministers at a simple ceremony at the Raj
Bhavan in Bengaluru. Mr. Siddaramaiah
replaced Mr. Basavaraj Bommai.
Earlier, when Assembly election
results were announced on May 13,
2023, Congress comfortably swept past
the majority mark by winning 136 seats
in the 224-member Karnataka Assembly.
The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
was reduced to 65 seats, while Janata
Dal (Secular) or JD(S) won 19 seats. Two
independent candidates also won in the
elections. While BJP largely maintained
its overall 36% vote share that it received
in the 2018 Assembly elections,
Congress increased its vote share from
38% in 2018 to 43% in 2023, at the
cost of JD(S), which lost almost 5% of
its votes from 18% in 2018 to 13% now.
184
While the BJP lost its only foothold in
the South, Karnataka maintained its
40-year-old tradition of not repeating an
incumbent government. The election
results showed the presence of a strong
anti-incumbency mood against the
government led by Mr. Bommai,
owing to concerns among voters about
price-rise and corruption. Congress
successfully channelled the voters’ anger
in its favour and lured them by promising
“5 guarantees” of providing a variety of
freebies. These guarantees included
providing stipends to the unemployed,
granting Rs. 2,000 to women heads of
families, offering 200 units of free
electricity, enabling free bus travel for
women, and distributing 10 kilograms
of rice to the underprivileged, aiming to
alleviate the burden of rising prices.
Senior Congress leader Mr. Siddaramaiah
took oath as Karnataka Chief Minister
on May 20, 2023.
Born on August 3, 1947, to a farmer
family in a remote village called
Siddaramanahundi in the Mysuru
district, Mr. Siddaramaiah is one of the
popular leaders in Karnataka, with a
mass following, especially among
backward castes. He did his B.Sc. and
then LL.B. from Mysuru University. He
served his first term as Chief Minister
between 2013 and 2018. He also served
as Deputy Chief Minister twice and held
the Finance Ministry seven times.
Originally from the ‘Janata school of
politics’, Mr. Siddaramaiah switched to
Congress in 2006. His wife, Ms. Parvathi,
is rarely seen in public. The couple has
two sons. The elder son helps his father
in political activities, while the younger
one is pursuing a medical degree.
Santiniketan Set To
Get UNESCO World
Heritage Site Tag
Santiniketan, the place where Nobel
Laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore
founded Visva-Bharati over a century ago,
has been recommended for inclusion in
the UNESCO World Heritage Sites List
by an international advisory body, Union
Culture Minister Mr. G. Kishan Reddy said
on May 9, 2023. India has been striving
for a long time to get a UNESCO tag for
this cultural site located in West Bengal’s
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Birbhum district. “Great news for India
on the Jayanti of Gurudev Rabindranath
Tagore. Santiniketan in West Bengal has
been recommended for inscription to the
World Heritage List by ICOMOS, the
advisory body to UNESCO World
Heritage Centre,” Mr. Reddy said in a
tweet. The decision will be formally
announced in the World Heritag e
Committee meeting in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia, in September 2023.
Visva-Bharati, which means
communion of the world with India,
was established by Tagore, the first Asian
to win the Nobel Prize, in the twin towns
of Santiniketan and Sriniketan in 1921.
Before Independence, it was regarded as
a college. In 1951, it was declared an
Institute of National Importance by an
Act of Parliament and given the status
of a Central University. The President
of India is the ‘Paridarsaka’ (Visitor) of
the University, the Prime Minister is the
‘Acharya’ (Chancellor) and the Governor
of West Bengal is the ‘Pradhana’ (Rector)
of the University.
Santiniketan, over 160 km from
Kolkata, was originally an ashram built by
Tagore’s father, Debendranath Tagore,
where anyone, irrespective of caste and
creed, could come to meditate, according
to a description of the place on the official
website of the UNESCO World Heritage
Centre. Debendranath Tagore, also
known as ‘Maharshi’, meaning one who is
both a saint and sage, was a leading figure
of the Indian Renaissance. “Among the
structures built by the Maharshi was the
Santiniketan Griha and the beautiful
stained glass Mandir (Upasana Griha),
or temple where worship is non-
denominational. Both structures built in
the second half of the 19th century are
important in their association with the
founding of Santiniketan and the universal
spirit associated with the revival and
reinterpretation of religious ideals in
Bengal and India,” the website says. Visva-
Bharati has degree courses in humanities,
social science, science, fine arts, music,
performing arts, education, agricultural
science and rural reconstruction.
The France-based International
Council on Monuments and Sites
(ICOMOS) is an international non-
g overnmental org anisation that
comprises professionals, experts and
representatives from local authorities,
companies and heritage organisations and
is dedicated to the conservation and
enhancement of architectural and
landscape heritage worldwide. When
ICOMOS makes its recommendation, it
is almost certain that the World Heritage
Committee will accept it. India has a total
of 40 sites which enjoy the UNESCO
World Heritage tag. These include 32
cultural sites such as Agra Fort, Taj Mahal,
Harappan-era site in Dholavira,
Elephanta Caves, Red Fort complex in
Delhi, and Mahabodhi Temple complex
in Bodh Gaya in Bihar.
 NERIM GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
AN ACADEMIC HOME IN THE NORTH EAST
‘Quality’ is a word that is
commonly used to describe the
level of excellence, an attribute
that is believed to be of superior
nature than the run-of-the-mill
regular objects. When we use this
word ‘Quality’ in reference to
education, it takes form to morph
into a life-giving, nurturing, result-
driven, chronicle of learning
events initiated by an educational
institution to lodge standards of
aspects and elements needed to secure
success. This ‘Quality’ fosters
positivity, nurtures creativity,
encourage wings to sprout in its
students the legacy of believing in
themselves and their capabilities.
NERIM Group of Institutions is a
name in the North East which has
come to be respected and heralded as
one of the torchbearers of higher
education of the land. NERIM
happens to be the brainchild of a
group of academicians and dreamers
who had felt the dearth of a lack of
quality educational institute in the
North East. It was only destined that
NERIM would grow with the years
and what began as a modest venture
to provide quality higher education,
soon acquired wings. NERIM is a part
of selected educational groups which
provide Post Graduate and Under
Graduate programmes in Business
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
Prof. (Dr.) Sangeeta Tripathi – Director
NERIM Group of Institutions, Guwahati
Administration (MBA & BBA),
Computer Science (MCA, BCA, M.Sc.
Computer Science), Commerce
(M.Com.& B.Com.), Applied
Psychology (MA Applied Psychology),
Social Work (MSW & BSW), Teacher
Training (B.Ed.) and Legal Learning
(LLM, LLB & BA.LLB), in accordance
with the curriculum of the respective
affiliating Universities.
NERIM has affiliated itself with
three premier Universities of the
region. They are: Dibrugarh University,
Gauhati University and Assam Science
and Technology University (ASTU).
In taking NERIM to the next level of
Student-Institute interaction, guidance
through counselling, grooming and
personality development through the
Personality Development Cell,
Education Loan assistance,
transportation facility and a host of
other add-ons contribute to the daily
NERIM
rigour of NERIM’s student
interface. It provides regular on-
campus and off-campus placement
assistance to the students through
its dedicated Placement Cell.
Besides these, to provide students
an insight into the professional
world, Industrial tours and field
visits are arranged at regular
intervals.
Ranked 7th as the most
promising B-School in the country
by Competition Success Review (CSR),
NERIM upholds ceaseless efforts to
uplift education as one of the leading
B-Schools. The management
periodical, ‘Indian Management’ has
also ranked NERIM Group of
Institutions with A3 (Three) Grade for
its overall performance in Academics
and Administration. The GHRDC
Category of Excellence has proclaimed
ranking to its under-graduate courses,
namely the BBA and BCA at 1st and
4th Rank respectively. These
celebrated accolades speak for NERIM
and its continuous growth in refining
itself for the students, be it in
academia, skill development,
placement, mentoring, guidance, or
any other matter. NERIM Group of
Institutions cuts no corners when the
matter in discussion is its students, and
this is the reason why NERIM is
designated more as – Your Academic
Home.
185
 CSR ESSAY CONTESTS — 885, 886, 887 & 888*

INDIA'S ROLE IN
CHANGING WORLD ORDER
“India is the cradle of the human India As A Preacher Of
race, the birthplace of human speech, Coexistence
the mother of history, the grandmother
of legend and the great-grandmother India—a Sovereign Socialist Secular
of tradition”, said renowned American Democratic Republic—is a land of
writer Mark Twain. immense diversity. India’s national
India has come a long way from a edifice has been built on the
foundation stone of ‘pluralism, co-
subjugated, discriminatory and
existence, openness and dialogue.’ Its
poverty-stricken British colony to the
existence is devoted to the ideals
fifth largest economy in the world and
enshrined in the Preamble of our
the third larg est in terms of Constitution—Justice, Liberty,
‘purchasing power parity’ (PPP). The Equality and Fraternity. The elements
world, too, has evolved from a bipolar of India’s diversity—Religion,
to a unipolar to a multipolar world. Ms. Deepika Singla Language, Ethnicity and Culture—are
These changing times, both at the First prize winner of
CSR Essay Writing Contest 885.
not the sources of divisiveness but
national and international level, have instead are the founders of robust
brought a structural transformation Ms. Deepika Singla is BSc (Hons) in nationalism, a feeling of ‘WE’,
and paradigm shift in the manner Biochemistry from Daulat Ram oneness and brotherhood. In the
India is visualised on the global stage, College, Delhi University. Hailing present war-stricken world, India can
which is evident in the following roles from Bahadurgarh (Jhajjar district), emerge as a fraternity leader.
played by India—
Haryana, she loves poster-making and
✶ 1946-62: Era of Optimistic Non-
writing. India As An Idol Of Soft
Alignment Power
✶ 1962-70: Realism and discovery The soft power of a country rests on three resources: its
✶ 1971-1991: Regional assertion culture (in places where it is attractive to others), its political
✶ 1991-1999: Quest for strategic autonomy values (when it lives up to them at home and abroad) and
✶ 2000-2013: Balancing power its foreign policies (when they are seen as legitimate and
✶ 2014 to current: Phase of energetic diplomacy having moral authority). India stands on the foundational
India has become an essential stakeholder in resolving ethos of ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’ and ‘Sabka Sath, Sabka
“problems without passports”, including, but not limited Vikas, Sabka Vishwas, Sabka Prayas’, which is highlighted
to, terrorism, climate change, political instabilities, etc. The by the ‘Panchsheel’ principles and ‘Panchamrit’.
present times are marked by the world being gridlocked in ✶ The Panchsheel principles include mutual respect for
colossal global dysfunction. In such a situation when major each other’s territorial integrity & sovereignty; mutual
powers of the world are at a deadlock, India’s Presidency non-aggression; mutual non-interference in each other’s
of the Group of 20 (G20), UN Security Council (UNSC) internal affairs; equality and cooperation for mutual
in December 2022 and Shanghai Cooperation Organisation benefit, and peaceful coexistence.
(SCO) in 2023 highlights the significance of India in the ✶ Panchamrit includes Samman (dignity of honour);
world order of the day. samvad (greater engagement and dialogue); samriddhi
Today, the world is bearing the brunt of the Russia- (shared prosperity); suraksha (regional and global
Ukraine war; the North-South divide; Deteriorating security), and sanskriti evam sabhyata (cultural and
multilateralism; Crisis of confidence, legitimacy and civilisational linkages).
credibility of global institutions; De-globalisation; Supply With such great ethos, India can emerge as the leader in
chain disruptions; China’s hegemony; Refugee crisis; Climate collaborating with the world through its soft power,
change; Poverty; Instability in Indo-Pacific region; and particularly during the present times when the world is moving
terrorism and organised crimes. India, with its towards aggressive use of hard power, as evident in the Russia-
‘constructivist’ approach, can help build a sustainable, Ukraine crisis, the capture of Afghanistan by Taliban, the
equitable and inclusive world. threat of the use of nuclear weapons by North Korea, etc.
*We present here the four FIRST PRIZE WINNING ESSAYS of the CSR Essay
Contests 885, 886, 887 & 888, contributed by Ms. Deepika Singla, Saprativ Das, Ms. Farhana Azim
and Ms. Akshara Khare.

COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 187

 India As A World Pharmacy
With the world increasingly suffering from zoonotic and
non-communicable diseases, India can strengthen its role
as a Pharmacy leader by highlighting its global leadership
in low-cost vaccine technolog y, effective health
immunisation delivery on a scale, generic pharmaceutical
manufacturing, etc. It can play a significant role in making
the concept of “One Planet, One Health” a success and
ensuring the health security of the world.
India As A Responsible Leader
With several countries getting caught in the web of
Wolf Warrior Diplomacy and Debt Trap Diplomacy of
China and the I-2 diplomacy of Pakistan and China, India
can unite the world to financially help crisis-stricken
countries like Sri Lanka and seek global cooperation and
acceptance of its stance towards border disputes with
neighbouring countries.
Being sandwiched between Golden Crescent and Golden
Triangle, India can adopt counter-terrorism measures and
lead regional efforts to combat the illicit drug trade.
The world is witnessing large-scale refugee exodus due
to violence, war, persecution or natural disasters. This
scenario not only disturbs the demographic balance of
the destination nation but also puts pressure on the physical
and social infrastructure of the country concerned and
strains bilateral relations. India’s progress on the ‘welfare
of all humanity’ can help resolve the refugee crisis.
India is working to consolidate and coordinate South-
South cooperation and make North-South dialogue effective
with its Presidency of G20 so that the North does not
entirely outweigh the South in the composition of G20.
India As A Harbinger Of Multilateralism
UN is experiencing a crisis of confidence, legitimacy
and credibility. The following global developments are
reflective that the UN needs reforms:
✶ The Covid-19 pandemic was a weak moment for the
UN’s multilateralism. It highlighted the UN’s
institutional limitations when countries closed their
borders, supply chains were disrupted, and almost every
country was in need of vaccines.
✶ UN-led multilateralism has been unable to provide strong
mechanisms to prevent wars, e.g., the Russia-Ukraine war.
Bretton Woods Institutions (BWIs), created at the end
of the Second World War, today operate on outdated
political and economic foundations. Orthodoxy of BWIs
has not been able to resolve the economic problems of
borrowing countries as deep poverty and inequality still
persist. BWIs are incapable of effectively managing today’s
international financial system—in particular, the instability
and volatility of exchange rates and capital flows.
For the structural overhaul of global multilateral
institutions, India has been rightly demanding institutional
accountability and a wider representation of the developing
countries to make these institutions inclusive and equitable
and adopt power-sharing.
Rule-based Order In The Indo-Pacific
Region
The Indo-Pacific region faces many challenges involving
both ‘traditional’ and ‘non-traditional’ security issues. India
believes that for shared prosperity and security in the Indo-
Pacific region, there is a need to evolve, through dialogue,
a common rules-based order that respects sovereignty,
territorial integrity and equality of all respective nations.
188
India, with its geo-strategic location and membership in
the Indian Ocean Rim Association, can unite the countries
to establish a rules-based order in the Indo-Pacific region.
India’s Efforts For Resilient Global
Supply Chains
The global supply chains are under severe strain due to
natural disasters, extreme weather events, political unrest,
social conflicts, pandemics and epidemics, trade wars and
rising incidents of coercive economic measures, such as
import and export bans or restrictions, the imposition of
discriminatory tariffs on imports, and stringent localisation
requirements. With its initiatives like Make in India, Startup
India and regional connectivity infrastructure projects like
International North-South Transport Corridor, TAPI, BBIN,
currency swap agreements and Vostro accounts, India can
end the monopoly of a few in the global supply chains.
India As A Green Hero
Climate change, environmental degradation, declining
fossil fuel reserves, rising sea levels, submerging coastal
areas, increasing spread of zoonotic diseases and rise in
natural hazards require the forging of ecological bonds.
Realising this, India has emerged as a Green leader by
playing a pivotal role in initiatives such as Coalition for
Disaster Risk Reduction; International Solar Alliance; the
Leadership Group for Industry Transition; the Indo-
German Green Hydrogen Task Force and Green Strategic
Partnership with Denmark encompassing Green Hydrogen,
Renewable Energy and Wastewater Management. India has
introduced the concept of ‘Lifestyle for the Environment’
(LiFE) at COP26 in Glasgow, calling upon the global
community of individuals and institutions to drive LiFE
as an international mass movement towards “mindful and
deliberate utilisation, instead of mindless and destructive
consumption” to protect and preserve the environment.
At COP 27, India submitted its Long-Term Low Emission
Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) based on principles of
“climate justice” and “sustainable lifestyles” alongside the
principles of Equity and Common But Differentiated
Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC).
In Full Swing Yet Tied To The Roots
India has come a long way in its global standing, but its
fundamental ideologies and principles remain unchanged.
It believes in international brotherhood, collectivism,
mutual cooperation and trust.
India has a strong position on the global stage, but yet
it fails to address the challenges such as emerging traditional
and non-traditional threats; dependence on other countries
for technology; strategic confusion between continental
v/s maritime strategies; US-China strategic competition;
the emergence of mini-lateral groupings; prioritisation of
national interest over international duties and rise of a
new phase of globalisation that is driven by data and
culturally threatened by immigration and mobility. India
can use its high global position to pursue its long-term
objective of broad parity between the developed countries
and the developing and transition economies in
international financial institutions. The need of the hour
is to turn over a new leaf nourished by self-reliance, defence
indigenisation, increasing expenditure on research and
development and issue-based coalitions.
This will enable India to contribute to international
security and prosperity, leading to a well-ordered, peaceful
and equitable world with democratic, sustainable
development of one and all.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 MAKING INDIA
SELF-RELIANT
“Freedom comes from strength and 19-related medical assistance to over
self-reliance”, once said the famous 150 countries, winning global
American senator Lisa Murkowski. appreciation and commendation.
The quotation indeed stands true in Amid the raging fight against
the sense that being self-reliant boosts Convid-19, the Government of India,
one’s morale to face any adversities on May 12, 2020, also gave a clarion
lurking in one’s way, and the same call to kick start the Aatmanirbhar
applies to India as well. Our country, Bharat Abhiyaan or Self-Reliant India
teeming with over 1.4 billion Campaign and announced a special
population and a mammoth economy economic package of Rs. 20 lakh
of a whopping $3.5 trillion, is in dire crore for the purpose.
need of being self-reliant in every On a separate note, if we look deeper
aspect. Patricia Sampson rightly said: Saprativ Das into our country’s defence sector, we
“Self-reliance is the only road to true First prize winner of will be surprised to know that India is
freedom, and being one’s own person CSR Essay Writing Contest 886. still the largest importer of arms in the
is its ultimate reward”. world. According to the Stockholm
In this 21st-century modern world, Mr. Saprativ Das is a student of B.A. International Peace Research Institute
where technology and the standard (Hons) English. Hailing from (SIPRI), India remains the largest
of living are developing in leaps and Barrackpore, West Bengal, he is a arms importer accounting for 11% of
bounds, India must understand the bibliophile and loves writing, the total global arms import between
importance of being a self-reliant sketching, photography, videography, 2018 and 2022. Russia remains the
country in every way possible, from playing guitar and swimming. largest arms supplier, with a share of
the defence sector to healthcare and 45%. However, despite myriads of
from industry to education. The objective of India’s self- hurdles, India is slowly but surely marching forward to attain
reliance has been thoughtfully put into the policy of self-reliance in the defence sector. According to Defence
“Aatmanirbhar Bharat”—a term which was coined by Minister Mr. Rajnath Singh, our defence exports already
Indian Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi in 2014. crossed the Rs. 14,000 crore mark at 2022-end, compared to
However, if one goes down memory lane into history, one Rs. 900 crore in 2014. As we advance, our defence exports
would come to know of the fact that great leaders and are expected to touch Rs. 19,000 crore mark by 2023-end
thinkers like Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Rs. 25,000 crore by 2025. Various private defence start-
also painstakingly emphasised being self-reliant, which was ups are also proactively collaborating with the Union
then termed the “Swadeshi Movement”. It was India’s first Government to equip the country with many modern
self-sufficiency movement, which started from Town Hall armaments. The indigenous missile technologies used in
in Calcutta on August 7, 1905 to curb foreign goods by BrahMos, Akash, Nag, Agni, Pinaka and other missiles are
relying on domestic production. By 1909, the movement noteworthy and worth admiration and pride.
spread across the country. In Andhra Pradesh, this Moreover, India’s feat of overtaking the UK to become
movement was also known as the Vandematram Movement. the fifth largest economy in the world would also go a
Between 1920 and 1930, more such movements like the long way in boosting our self-reliance drive. India also has
Satyagraha (civil disobedience) and Non-Cooperation the staunch determination and potential to replace at least
Movement appealed to the masses on a large scale. Key 25% of the total imports from China in the near future,
personalities like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, which will significantly lessen the trade deficit with that
Lala Lajpat Rai, Sri Aurobindo Ghosh and many others country, which was around $73.3 billion in 2021-22.
supported the concept of national self-reliance. Nevertheless, according to a report prepared by the
The historical Swadeshi Movement seems to have taken Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and
a rebirth as the “Aatmanirbhar Bharat” and “Make in India” PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), India has already achieved
policies of the present Union Government. Notably, the self-reliance in clothing, textiles, food products, iron and
times of the Covid-19 pandemic saw Herculean efforts to steel and transport but severely lacks in machinery,
make India and its health sector self-reliant. India met the electronics and plastic sectors. Moreover, India’s leading
challenges of those times with aplomb and was even seen role in G20, BRICS, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
as a saviour by a large part of the world because of its and Quad, etc., will also take India’s self-reliance drive to
timely vaccine and essential medical supplies. Our country the next level. If the ongoing relentless efforts are any
supplied over seven crore doses of Covid-19 vaccines to indication, India is all set to become self-reliant in all
over 90 countries across the globe. Also, it provided Covid- aspects sooner than later.

COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 189

 POVERTY ANYWHERE IS
THREAT TO PROSPERITY
EVERYWHERE
The statement “Poverty anywhere mean that the privileged sections are
is threat to prosperity everywhere” not affected by them. To comprehend
was one of the key principles of the the imperative behind eradicating
International Labour Organization inequality, we must analyse the
(ILO) Declaration of Philadelphia magnitude of social damage and the
(May 10, 1944). The declaration was intensification of social evils that the
made basically to renew the traditional sustained inequality brings with itself,
objectives of ILO. It further proposed not only for those sitting on the
two new agendas: the need for lowest rungs of the economic ladder
international economic planning and but also for the society at large. It is
the centrality of human rights to the need of the hour for us to have
social policy. The statement aims to a culture that departs from social
imply that the effects of poverty can injustices and cycles of oppression,
hardly be contained, and it spreads Ms. Farhana Azim and actively questions its own apathy
far and wide and has a tremendous towards these evils.
impact on prosperity too. First prize winner of Thus, coexisting extremities
In the post-globalised world order, CSR Essay Writing Contest 887. ranging from astute poverty to
humanity rests on overlapping systems Ms. Farhana Azim is doing Master’s unbound prosperity, act as a primer
of trade, economy, the environment in Cultural Studies from Tezpur for reinforcing a multi-layered and
and a massive, ever-expanding flow interconnected web of social
of ideas. In such a scenario, poverty University. Hailing from Tezpur, dysfunctionalities, which almost never
threatens the very foundations of this Sonitpur district in Assam, she loves occur in isolation. These can enhance
fragile world order. Various economic reading, writing and sports. the social distance between the haves
research studies point towards a and the have-nots, besides increasing
recent trend of increasing income inequalities within social tensions. Such a situation hinders the integration of
nations, as marked by the standardised measure of the poor with the social mainstream, primarily due to a
inequality known as the ‘Gini Coefficient’, especially over misplaced emphasis on only individual status. Such a
the past few decades. scenario also restricts social mobility and propagates social
Poverty is a multi-dimensional problem which evils of oppression and domination, leading to overall
encompasses a state of total deprivation of the individual economic stagnation and a poor quality of social relations.
in terms of social, healthcare and educational opportunities All in all, the social complexities pointed out above lead
provided to him/her. Thus, poverty stands in the way as to a pervasive trust deficit amongst various social groups,
an obstacle for individuals to tap their potential to the spawning discontent and threatening the nation’s prosperity.
fullest and undermines the overall prosperity of the In addition, even Karl Marx’s famous evaluation of
population. Small examples of the ruthless pirates of capitalist structures has time and again highlighted how in
Somalia or even the common fact that urban crime is perpetuating systems of inequality, capitalism ensures that
witnessed more often in areas of high poverty are only some will always remain subservient to those who own
the offshoots of poverty. Poverty not only creates wide- capital or private property and will be convinced to accept
ranging economic difficulties but also fuels social and low wages. This condition creates the grounds for
political unrest—which are set off by the overpowering revolution, as observed in the context of communism in
instinct of individuals to fulfil their basic needs or, as Russia, an example of inevitable strife that results from an
stated by the political thinker, Thomas Hobbes, ‘for self- imbalance of power.
preservation’. In the long run, poverty acts as the serpent, So, to improve social relationships and pave the path to
and, in this way, a poverty-stricken person, to sustain in a more tolerant and inclusive society, the nation’s youth
this world in one way or the other, is compelled to eat can act as catalysts in the fight for a prosperous society
away the resources of those who are prosperous in life. free from the many perils of poverty. This would be a
This fact of poverty itself is a pointer towards the fact step in the right direction to creatively align our
that ‘poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere’. development agenda with the objective that drives the
In addition, often, accepting the status quo is common overall well-being of the population—a population that
amongst the privileged sections of society. We must be doesn’t just survive but thrives.
aware of the imbalance of power dynamics in our lives. In a nutshell, we must remind ourselves that we remain
Some arbitrary, almost condescending demarcations of cautious in our approach to poverty—for poverty must
structural hierarchies seem to exist that we accept as part never be mistaken as a crutch to provide charity to the
of the norm, which can only be appropriately understood poor—for this, according to Mahatma Gandhi, “furthers
once we scratch below the surface. However, this does not the degradation of a nation, promoting laziness, idleness,

190 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

 hypocrisy, and even crime.” Poverty is a malady that cannot
be cured by merely band-aiding the symptoms; instead, it
demands in-depth measures that wipe out the root causes,
end the vicious cycle of poverty, and underscore the long-
term empowerment of the masses.
Further, we must also be wary of the covert forces and
institutional disequilibrium that legitimise hierarchy systems.
And our policies must reflect the same—they must roll out
systemic reforms in the major education and healthcare
sectors to generate a holistic welfare system. There is also
a need to establish robust models of good governance
which integrate policies that aim for an equitable distribution
of resources, for cutting the shackles of caste class or
gender, and for effectively reaching out to the most
marginalised sections.
In conclusion, poverty is a threat to society in general,
mainly due to two reasons. First, it is due to the effect that
poverty creates on the psyche of the poor person, and
second, this diabolic psyche has a wholesome effect on the
overall development of that particular society. This is mainly
because of the path sometimes taken by the poverty-stricken
person, which is primarily a path of anti-social activities
and crimes that are generally committed against wealthy
and prosperous people. Therefore, most of the time,
poverty blossoms as a threat to society as a whole and the
prosperous sections of society in particular. All these facts
speak volumes in support of the statement that “Poverty
anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere”.
Lastly, a beautiful saying goes like this: “In the well-
being of each lies the well-being of the whole.” Of course,
this ancient proverb cannot be argued in any form or way.
This is because of a very simple reason if we look at our
bodies. Our body is made up of several organs that work
together to form multiple systems. Each system
corresponds with the others to ensure the proper
functioning of the whole body. So if any of these systems
is not okay, our entire body would suffer. But there is a
silver lining in this too. If the nervous system were to
recognise the poor condition of the other systems and
make amends to help it, the whole body would survive.
Likewise, if one family or class suffers under any situation,
the entire country will feel the impact. However, prosperous
people can be generous and make actual efforts to help
the poor. This will ensure a change in the condition of
our lives. And our world would become better in all aspects
and classes of individuals.

SUCCESS COMES WITH

ABILITY, BOLDNESS AND
COURAGE
Success is a term that means things, and push the boundaries of
different things to different people. what is possible. Without boldness,
For some, it might be achieving their the ability remains dormant, and
goals, fulfilling their desires, or simply success remains out of reach.
making a difference in the world. Courage is the third essential
Whatever the definition, success ingredient of success. It is the ability
requires a combination of ability, to face challenges, overcome
boldness, and courage. In this essay, I obstacles, and persevere in the face
will explore how these three attributes of adversity. Courage is what enables
contribute to success and how they people to take on difficult tasks,
can be developed. pursue their dreams, and bounce back
Ability is the first essential from setbacks. Without ‘courage’, the
ingredient for success. It refers to the virtues of ‘ability and boldness’ may
talent skill and knowledge needed to Ms. Akshara Khare not be enough, but together with
accomplish something. Without ability, ‘courage’, success is possible.
success is elusive. The famous author First prize winner of Now let us examine how these
of the book ‘The Power of Positive CSR Essay Writing Contest 888. three attributes work together to
Thinking’, Norman Vincent Peale, Ms. Akshara Khare is an MBA from create success.
said, “Believe in yourself! Have faith Narsee Monjee Institute of Firstly, ability provides the
in your abilities! Without a humble but foundation for success. It is the
reasonable confidence in your own Management Studies (NMIMS), starting point from which all
powers, you cannot be successful or Mumbai. Hailing from Dombivli achievement begins. Whether natural
happy.” However, having the ability (East) in the Thane district of talent or acquired skills, ability sets
alone is not enough. It needs to be Maharashtra, she loves classical the stage for success. It gives people
complemented by the other two dance, reading and writing poetry. the tools they need to accomplish
qualities—boldness and courage. their goals and fulfil their dreams.
Boldness is the second attribute that contributes to However, ability alone will not ensure success. It needs to
success. It is the willingness to take risks, to think out of be combined with boldness and courage.
the box, and to challenge the status quo. Boldness is what Haven’t we all heard that “fortune favours the bold”, as
drives people to step out of their comfort zone, try new the famous Roman poet Virgil said? Boldness is what drives

COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 191

 people to take risks and try new things. Without boldness,
people tend to stick to what they know and avoid trying
to do anything difficult or uncomfortable. However, by
being bold, people can challenge themselves to achieve
more than they ever thought possible. Boldness enables
people to see opportunities where others see obstacles. It
encourages them to take calculated risks and step out of
their comfort zones.
For example, consider the story of Mr. Elon Musk.
He is one of the most successful entrepreneurs of our
time, having founded multiple companies, including Tesla,
SpaceX and PayPal. Mr. Musk’s success is attributed to
his boldness. He has a reputation for taking on seemingly
impossible challenges and achieving success. For example,
he set his sights on making space travel affordable and
accessible to everyone. This was a bold ambition,
considering that governments and a few large companies
had dominated the space industry. However, Mr. Musk
saw an opportunity and took a risk. Today, SpaceX is a
thriving company, and Mr. Musk is known as the man
who revolutionised the space industry.
Another inspiring example is Steve Jobs. He was a man
who was known for his boldness. He had the ability to see
things that others could not, and he was not afraid of taking
risks. When he founded Apple, he had a vision of what
the company could be. He saw an opportunity to create
products that would change the world and was willing to
take bold steps to achieve that vision. Today, Apple is one
of the most successful companies in the world, and Jobs
is remembered as a visionary and a pioneer.
Now, let us turn to courage. “Life shrinks or expands
in proportion to one’s courage”, said the famous author
of short stories, Anaïs Nin. It is the quality that enables
people to face challenges and overcome obstacles. It is
the ability to keep going when things get tough and to
bounce back from setbacks. Courage is what separates
those who achieve success from those who give up when
things get difficult. It is what drives people to keep going
when others would quit.
For example, consider the story of Ms. J.K. Rowling,
the author of the Harry Potter series. Ms. Rowling faced
numerous obstacles on her path to success. She was a
single mother, living on welfare and struggling to make
ends meet. Despite these challenges, she kept writing
and submitting her manuscripts to publishers. She faced
rejection after rejection, but she never gave up. Her
courage and persistence paid off when a small publisher
took a chance on her book. Today, Ms. Rowling is one
of the most successful authors of all time, and her books
have inspired millions of people worldwide.
Inspiration can also be drawn from Ms. Oprah Winfrey.
She is a woman who has faced numerous challenges in
her life, from poverty to racism. However, all through these
challenges, she demonstrated incredible courage. She has
met her challenges head-on and persevered in the face of
adversity. Today, she is one of the world’s most successful
and influential women, and her story inspires millions.
In conclusion, success comes with a combination of
ability, boldness and courage. Ability provides the
foundation for success, boldness enables people to take
risks and challenge the status quo, and courage enables
them to face challenges and overcome obstacles. These
three attributes are essential for anyone seeking to achieve
greatness. They must be developed and nurtured over time
and combined in the right way to achieve success. Those
who possess ability, boldness and courage have the potential
to achieve greatness and make a significant difference in
the world.

192 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

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COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023 193

 Word Power
OBJECTIVE TYPE
Against each key word are given five suggested meanings.
Choose the word or phrase which is same in meaning to the key word.
(1) Absolute—A : reasonable. B : limitless. C : narrow. (16) Elusive—A : deadly. B : petrified. C : evasive.
D : reliable. D : simple.
(2) Acquitted—A : pardoned. B : freed. C : sentenced. (17) Embellish—A : furnish. B : store. C : provide.
D : summoned. D : decorate.
(3) Ambition—A : desire. B : goal. C : expectation. (18) Fragile—A : delicate. B : modest. C : cheap.
D : aspiration. D : unreliable.
(4) Apologise—A : confess fault. B : accept guilt. (19) Grandeur—A : beauty. B : calm. C : height.
C : express regret. D : repent greatly. D : splendour.
(5) Apprehensions—A : charges. B : expectations. (20) Half-hearted—A : doubtful. B : uninterested.
C : hopes. D : fears. C : enthusiastic. D : dull.
(6) Arrogant—A : proud. B : quarrelsome. (21) Heroic—A : valiant. B : fashionable.
C : merciless. D : violent. C : theoretical. D : practical.
(7) Baffled—A : pleased. B : convinced. C : satisfied. (22) Ignominy—A : defeat. B : victory. C : dishonour.
D : misery.
D : bewildered.
(23) Incensed—A : affected. B : incited.
(8) Behaviour—A : attitude. B : conduct. C : method.
C : encouraged. D : inspired.
D : discipline.
(24) Incumbent—A : optional. B : pointless.
(9) Censure—A : blame. B : dislike. C : comment. C : depending. D : pressing.
D : abuse.
(25) Initiated—A : enforced. B : planned.
(10) Compunction—A : wonder. B : regret. C : suggested. D : introduced.
C : confusion. D : anger.
(26) Inspire—A : persuade. B : compel.
(11) Construe—A : convey. B : deduce. C : suggest. C : infuse. D : encourage.
D : inform.
(27) Jeopardy—A : security. B : danger. C : pacific.
(12) Coy—A : shy. B : sweet. C : talented. D : beautiful. D : plump.
(13) Cyclone—A : hurricane. B : gale. C : breeze. (28) Jovial—A : gloomy. B : orthodox. C : anti-social.
D : storm. D : joyful.
(14) Defunct—A : ancient. B : unpopular. (29) Kingly—A : lowly. B : solemnity. C : respecting.
C : impracticable. D : dead. D : majestic.
(15) Diligent—A : progressive. B : inventive. C : hard (30) Laud—A : honour. B : amuse. C : swallow.
working. D : brilliant. D : censure.

ANSWERS
(1) B: limitless. (11) B : deduce. (21) A: valiant.
(2) B: freed. (12) A : shy. (22) C: dishonour.
(3) D: aspiration. (13) A : hurricane. (23) B: incited.
(4) C: express regret. (14) D : dead. (24) D: pressing.
(5) D: fears. (15) C : hard working. (25) D: introduced.
(6) A: proud. (16) C : evasive. (26) C: infuse.
(7) D: bewildered. (17) D : decorate. (27) B: danger.
(8) B: conduct. (18) A : delicate. (28) D: joyful.
(9) A: blame. (19) D : splendour. (29) D: majestic.
(10) B: regret. (20) B : uninterested. (30) A: honour.
194 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Who? What? When?
Where? Why? How?
What was the US Debt Ceiling Crisis?
Before understanding the US debt ceiling or debt limit
crisis, which forced President Mr. Joe Biden to cut short his
foreign visit in May 2023, it is pertinent to look at a brief
background. In the US, Congress has the authority to decide
how much money the government can spend and how. It
also, separately, has the power to determine how much the
executive can borrow to bridge the deficit and spend what’s
National Civil Services Day
been decided. In 1917, the US started issuing citizens liberty
bonds to muster up World War I resources. Through the
Second Liberty Act, Congress imposed a limit on the number
of such bonds that could be issued. In 1939, the Public Debt
Act aggregated all federal debts. Since then, Congress has
over 80 times amended the ceiling that defines how much
the executive can borrow—from $65 billion in 1941 to $985
billion in 1981 to $4.6 trillion in 1996 to $31.4 trillion in 2023.
So, the law currently limits the total amount of money the
government can borrow to pay its bills to $31.4 trillion. The
money covers payments for federal employees, the military,
Social Security, and Medicare, as well as interest on the
national debt and tax refunds. This limit was breached in
January 2023, but the Treasury Department used extraordinary
measures to provide the government with more cash. Usually,
it’s a formality for Congress to raise the debt limit as needed—
but not when there is a Democrat in the White House, and
Republicans control either or both Houses of the US Congress.
In 2011, the Obama White House and the Republican Congress
finally struck a deal two days before the deadline that would
have resulted in the US defaulting on its obligations.
This happened most visibly in 2011, and the episode
repeated in 2023 when Biden White House reached a deal
with the Republicans just a few days before the deadline to
avert the default crisis. The House and the Senate passed
the Fiscal Responsibility Act (FRA) 2023, which suspended
the debt ceiling until January 1, 2025, allowing the government
to borrow what it needs to meet its obligations while putting
in place a series of fiscal reforms to save taxpayers money.
The reform package included raising the defence budget,
capping non-defence discretionary spending, raising veterans'
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
medical care spending, claw-backing of pandemic-era funding,
and restarting student educational loans among others.
However, the repeated debt ceiling crises have raised an alarm
in the US over unchecked and wasteful government spending
for years as it has turned into a silent killer of economic
prosperity.
What are “Northern Lights” recently seen
in Ladakh?
An aurora, known as Northern Lights or Polar Lights, is
a natural light display in the Earth’s sky, predominantly
seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and
Antarctic). Auroras display dynamic patterns of brilliant
lights that appear as curtains, rays, spirals, or dynamic flickers
covering the entire sky.
Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights are usually colourful
“curtains” of dazzling lights with billions of charged
particles moving into space at ultra-high speed. When they
arrive in the direction of Earth, they cause a disturbance in
the Earth’s magnetic field and enable us to see the aurora.
The Indian Institute of Astrophysics tweeted a timelapse
clip from Ladakh’s Hanle observatory, one of the world’s
highest located, depicting aurora lights on April 23-24, 2023.
After analysing the aurora seen in Ladakh, Hanle
observatory said that it appeared to be a “Stable Auroral
Red (SAR) arc”—a very rare event in Ladakh—and not a
conventional one. A SAR arc is a band of reddish light
seen in the sky. Unlike auroras, where various colours appear
in moving patterns, SAR displays are static and
monochromatic. These appear during periods of
geomagnetic activity triggered by a wave of charged matter
blasted out of the Sun, but their formation mechanism is
slightly different.
Why are artificial sweeteners harmful to
human health?
Artificial sweeteners or non-sugar sweeteners (NSS) are
intensely sweet chemicals—up to several hundred times
sweeter than sugar—used to sweeten food while adding
very little or no calories. Many people with diabetes use
them in tea or coffee, and many packaged foods and
beverages use NSS to offer low-calorie options. In a report
(Continued on page 198)
195
 ARCHERY
India Finishes 2nd With 3 Medals At Archery
World Cup Stage-2 In Shanghai
India finished 2nd in the medals tally with three medals
comprising two gold and one bronze in the compound
section at the Archery World Cup Stage-2 in Shanghai,
China, on May 21, 2023. India bagged all three medals in
the compound section, with Prathamesh Jawkar winning
the individual gold and Avneet Kaur bagging the bronze.
Ojas Deotale and Jyothi Surekha Vennam bagged the mixed
team gold. However, in the recurve event, Indian archers
returned empty-handed. Korea topped the medals tally.
India Ends On Top In Asia Cup Stage-2 World
Ranking Tournament
India bagged 14 medals, comprising seven gold, five silver
and two bronze, at the Asia Cup Stage-2 World Ranking
Tournament to top the event in Tashkent on May 5, 2023.
India's compound archers bagged all the medals on offer
to stamp their authority. The compound archers made a
clean sweep in the Men's and Women's section to have a
share of five gold, two silver and two bronze medals, and
the Recurve archers added two gold and three silver medals
to propel India to the top spot in the final standings.
ATHLETICS
Sreeshankar Defends Gold In Greece;
Aldrin Takes Silver
Commonwealth Games silver medallist and star long
jumper Murali Sreeshankar won gold with the season's best
performance of 8.18m at the
International Jumping Meeting at
Kallithea, near Greece's capital Athens,
on May 24, 2023. National record
holder Jeswin Aldrin was second with
a best jump of 7.85m. The 24-year-old
Sreeshankar defended the gold he had
won in 2022 with a best jump of 8.31m.
This was Sreeshankar's second inter-
national gold of the season after
Murali Sreeshankar he won the yellow metal at the MVA
High Performance Meet in Chula Vista,
USA, with a wind-assisted jump of 8.29m on April 30,
2023.
Sawe, Gemechu Win Titles At
World 10K Bengaluru
Marathon runners Sebastian Sawe of Kenya and Tsehay
Gemechu of Ethiopia were crowned champions at the 15th
edition of the 2023 TCS World 10K Bengaluru on May 21,
2023. In a thrilling finish in the International Elite Men's
race, Sawe narrowly defeated Rodrigue Kwizera of Burundi,
crossing the line at 27:58.24 and winning by a mere
11/100ths of a second. Kwizera finished close behind with
a time of 27:58.35. At the same time, Hillary Chepkwony
secured the third spot in 27:59. In the International Elite
Women's race, Gemechu made a remarkable surge towards
the end, capturing the title with a time of 31:38. Her
exceptional performance led to an Ethiopian dominance,
196
Neeraj Chopra Scripts History, Becomes
World Number One Javelin Thrower
Olympic champion Neeraj Chopra
became the World Number One for
the first time in his career in the
men's javelin throw rankings issued
by the World Athletics on May 22,
2023. Chopra topped the charts with
1455 points, 22 ahead of Grenada's
reigning World champion Anderson
Peters (1433). Tokyo Olympics silver
medallist, Jakub Vadlejch of the
Czech Republic, was third with 1416 Neeraj Chopra
points. The 25-year-old Chopra rose to World Number
Two on August 30, 2022, after he won the Diamond
League 2022 finals in Zurich, but was stuck behind Peters
since then.
with Fotyen Tesfay finishing just four seconds behind
Gemechu at 31:42. Dera Dida secured third place clocking
31:45.
Parul Chaudhary Wins 3000m Steeplechase
Title In New York
Indian long-distance runner Parul Chaudhary won the
women's 3000m steeplechase event at
the Track Night NYC 2023 athletics
meet in New York, USA, on May 19,
2023. The 20-year-old Chaudhary, who
broke the women's 5000m national
record in a meet in Los Angeles in
May 2023, clocked 9:41.88 at the Icahn
Stadium to record her first title of the
2023 season. In the seeded women's
1500m race at the NYC athletics meet,
Parul Chaudhary India's Lili Das clocked a season's best
4:15.23 to finish third.
Neeraj Chopra Wins Doha Diamond League
With 88.67m Throw
Olympic Champion Neeraj Chopra made a dream start
to the 2023 season by winning his first event of the year,
the highly competitive 10-men men's javelin field at the
Doha Diamond League on May 5, 2023. Neeraj narrowly
pipped Croatia's Jakub Vadlejch to the win, registering a
best throw of 88.63m. Anderson Peters took the third spot
with a throw of 85.88.
BADMINTON
India's H.S. Prannoy Wins Malaysia Masters
2023 Title
India's H.S. Prannoy clinched the men's singles crown at
the Malaysia Masters 2023 at the Axiata Arena in Kuala
Lumpur on May 28, 2023. Ranked Number 9 in the BWF
rankings, the 30-year-old Prannoy defeated Weng Hong Yang
of the People's Republic of China 21-19, 13-21, 21-18 to
win his maiden BWF World Tour title and his first men's
singles title in over six years. Meanwhile, India's women's
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023

singles campaign ended after Gregoria Mariska Tunjung
of Indonesia ousted two-time Olympic medallist P.V. Sindhu
in the women's singles semifinals.
Sameer Verma Wins Slovenia Open,
Rohan-Sikki Finish Runner-Up
Indian shuttler Sameer Verma emerged victorious in
men's singles competition at the 2023
Slovenia Open, beating Taiwanese Su
Li Yang 21-18, 21-14 in Maribor,
Slovenia, on May 21, 2023. The Indian
duo of Rohan Kapoor and Sikki
Reddy bagged silver in the mixed
doubles after they beat Denmark's
Mads Vestergaard and Christine Busch
21-15, 21-19 in the semifinals but lost
to Jesper Toft and Clara Gravesen,
Sameer Verma also from Denmark, 12-21 13-21 in
the summit showdown.
China Claims Record 13th Sudirman Cup
Title On Home Soil
China claimed a record 13th Sudirman Cup title, defeating
South Korea 3-0 on home soil in Suzhou on May 21, 2023.
China's Shi Yu Qi beat South Korea's Lee Yun Gyu 21-12,
21-17 in straight sets in the men's singles tie, while his
compatriot Chen Yufei defeated World Number Two
An Se Young of South Korea 21-16, 22-20 in the women's
singles to seal the victory. In men's doubles, the Chinese
duo of Zheng Si Wei and Huang Ya Qiong beat South
Korean pair of Jae Seo Seung and Chae Yu Jung 18-21,
22-20, 21-8 to give their team unassailable lead and resultant
win of the title.
BOXING
Indian Boxers Clinch Record 3 Medals In
2023 World Boxing Championship
India finished the IBA Men's World Boxing
Championship 2023 with a remarkable achievement of three
bronze medals, as Deepak Kumar (51kg), Mohammed
Hussamuddin, and Nishant Dev (71kg) made their mark
on the prestigious tournament that concluded in Tashkent,
Uzbekistan, on May 10, 2023. India tied for 4th place on
the medals tally, alongside hosts Uzbekistan (9), with six-
time world champions Cuba (6) and Russia (6) and five-
time champion Kazakhstan (5) taking the top three spots.
This was India's best-ever performance in the
Championship. The earlier best was in the 2019 edition
when India won one silver and one bronze medal.
CRICKET
Bangladesh Clinches ODI Series 2-0
Against Ireland
Bangladesh won the third and final match against
Ireland by five runs at the Sylhet International
Cricket Stadium on May 14, 2023. Bangladesh bowled
Ireland out for a paltry 101 before chasing the target in a
little over ten overs. Mustafizur Rahman and Najmul
Hossain Shanto, both of Bangladesh, won Man of the
Match and Man of the Series, respectively. Bangladesh had
won the opener by 183 runs, while the second match was
washed out by rain.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
New Zealand Wins Final ODI To Avoid
Whitewash Against Pakistan
New Zealand beat Pakistan by 47 runs in the fifth and
final ODI in Karachi, Pakistan, on May 7, 2023. The victory
meant New Zealand avoided being swept in the 5-match
series, which Pakistan won 4-1. New Zealand batted first
and was bowled out for 299 in 49.3 overs with half-centuries
from Wil Young and Tom Latham. It then dismissed
Pakistan for 252 in 46.1 overs. Right-arm bowler Henry
Shimple had the best figures of 3 for 34 to win the Man
of the Match. Pakistan won the first two matches by 5 and
7 wickets in Rawalpindi, respectively, before winning the
next two in Karachi by 26 and 102 runs, respectively. With
363 runs, the highest in the series, Pakistan's Fakhar Zaman
won the Man of the Series award.
MOTOR RACING
Verstappen Wins Monaco GP 2023 To Make It
Six Out Of Six For Red Bull
In a thrilling display of skill and composure, the World
champion Max Verstappen secured a start-to-finish victory
at the rain-soaked Monaco Grand Prix 2023 in Monaco, a
sovereign city-state in Western Europe, on May 28, 2023.
The triumph not only extended Verstappen's lead in
Formula One championship to 39 points but also marked
Red Bull's 6th consecutive win in the 2023 season. Fernando
Alonso of Aston Martin claimed second place, while
Frenchman Esteban Ocon of Renault-owned Alpine
clinched the final spot on the podium.
Max Verstappen Wins 2023 F1 Miami GP
Defending Formula 1 World champion and Red Bull
driver Max Verstappen won the 2023 Miami Grand Prix,
his second successive, on May 7, 2023. He claimed his
38th race win and a third in the 2023 season after Bahrain
and Australian GP. Verstappen is the first to win a race
after starting 9th on the grid since Niki Lauda in the 1984
French GP. Red Bull completed a one-two finish as
Azerbaijan GP winner Sergio Perez took second place.
Aston Martin driver Fernando Alonso took third place.
SNOOKER
Luca Brecel First European To Win
World Championship
Belgium's Luca Brecel became the first player from
mainland Europe to claim snooker's World Championship
title with an 18-15 win over Mark Selby in Sheffield, the
city in Yorkshire, England, on May 1, 2023. The 28-year-
old is the fourth non-British winner at the Crucible and the
first overseas player to triumph since Neil Robertson in 2010.
SHOOTING
Historic Silver-Bronze Finish By Ganemat And
Darshna In Women's Skeet
Ganemat Sekhon won silver while Darshna Rathore
claimed bronze as India bagged two senior individual
medals for the first time in women's skeet at ISSF World
Cup Shotgun Almaty 2023, in Almaty, Kazakhstan, on
May 23, 2023. The two medals placed India 5th on the
overall medals tally. Local favourite Assem Orynbay of
Kazakhstan won gold through a shoot-off after Ganemat
and herself ended the 60-shot final with 50 hits each.
Ganemat missed one out of the first two shoot-off targets
197

after Orynbay had shot both down. It was Ganemat's
second individual World Cup medal and a first-ever for
Darshna, who appeared in her maiden senior final.
India Finishes With 4 Medals At
ISSF World Cup Baku 2023
Indian rifle and pistol shooters finished with four medals
comprising one gold, two silver and one bronze, at the
ISSF World Cup 2023 that concluded in Baku, Azerbaijan,
on May 13, 2023. Sarabjot Singh and Divya T.S. won gold
in the 10m air pistol mixed team event. Hriday Hazarika
and Nancy Mandhotra took silver in the men's and women's
10m air rifle events, respectively. Rhythm Sangwan won
bronze, her first individual senior ISSF World Cup medal,
in the women's 10m air pistol event. In the overall medals
tally, India finished second behind China.
India Ends Shotgun World Cup Campaign
With One Gold
India ended their shotgun World Cup Championship
campaign as joint 3rd with one gold medal won by the
skeet mixed team pairing of Mairaj Ahmad Khan and
Ganemat Sekhon. Italy topped the tournament, which
concluded on May 4, 2023, in Cairo, Egypt, with one gold,
three silver and one bronze medal.
TENNIS
Medvedev, Rybakina Win Italian Open Titles
Daniil Medvedev claimed the first
claycourt title of his career as the Russian
World Number 3 beat Denmark's
Holger Rune 7-5, 7-5 in a gripping
Italian Open final in Rome on May 21,
2023. This was his 5th title of a stellar
season and 20th overall. Meanwhile,
World Number 6 Elena Rybakina
captured the women's singles Italian
Open title after her Ukrainian opponent
Daniil Medvedev Anhelina Kalinina was forced to retire
with an apparent left leg injury while trailing 6-4, 1-0.
Alcaraz, Sabalenka Triumph At
2023 Mutua Madrid Open
Carlos Alcaraz of Spain captured his 5th ATP Masters
1000 title on May 7, 2023, when he overcame Germany's
Jan-Lennard Struff 6-4, 3-6, 6-3, to successfully defend his
men's crown at the Mutua Madrid Open in Spain. Aryna
Sabalenka of Belarus continued her stunning 2023 form
by topping World Number One Iga Swiatek of Poland
6-3, 3-6, 6-3 to win the women's title.
WEIGHTLIFTING
India Finishes Asian Weightlifting
Championships 2023 Campaign With 3 Medals
Indian weightlifters finished their campaign with three
silver medals at the Asian Weightlifting Championships 2023
in Jinju, South Korea, on May 8, 2023. Bindyarani Devi
won two silvers in the women's 55kg category, one in overall
and another in clean & jerk, while Jeremy Lalrinnunga
bagged a silver in the men's 67kg snatch section.
198
Who? What? When?
Where? Why? How?
(Continued from page 195)
released on May 15, 2023, the World Health Organization
(WHO) strongly advised against using artificial sweeteners.
In its 90-page report, the global health body said, “WHO
suggests that non-sugar sweeteners (NSS) should not be
used as a means of achieving weight control or reducing
the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).”
The WHO underscores several problems with artificial
sweeteners. In the
short term, they may
lead to weight loss
and reduction in
Body Mass Index
(BMI) since they
reduce the number of
calories consumed,
but they have been
linked to weight gain in the long run. As per the report, a
higher intake of NSS was associated with a 23% increase in
the risk of type-2 diabetes when consumed in beverages and
a 34% increase when added to foods. The higher intake of
these sweeteners was also associated with a 32% increase in
the risk of cardiovascular disease, including a 19% increase
in the risk of stroke and a 13% higher likelihood of
hypertension. Some low-certainty data link using artificial
sweeteners to bladder cancer and a 25% greater chance of
preterm birth (when consumed by pregnant women).
How are ‘State Visits’ different from other
foreign visits of the Head of State?
US President Mr. Joe Biden invited Prime Minister
Mr. Narendra Modi to the United States of America for
an official state visit in the third week of June 2023. This
will be Mr. Modi’s first state visit to the US during his
nine-year-long reign as Prime Minister. His previous visits
were classified as a working visit (2014), a working lunch
(2016), and an official working visit (2017). His 2019 visit
to the US is described as the one in which he “Participated
in a rally in Houston, Texas”. The last state visit to the US
by an Indian Prime Minister was by Dr. Manmohan Singh
in November 2009.
The state visit is the highest-ranked visit according to the
diplomatic protocol as it is undertaken by a Head of State/
Government, acting in their sovereign capacity, and, hence,
considered to be the highest expression of friendly bilateral
relations. Such visits are, therefore, officially described as
a “visit of (name of state)” rather than a “visit of (name
of leader)”. State visits to the US only occur at the invitation
of the President of the United States, acting in his/her
capacity as the Head of State. Accordingly, state visits are
rare in the US. For instance, according to the US diplomatic
policy the President can host up to one leader from any
nation once every four years.
State visits are typically a few days long and comprise
several elaborate ceremonies, subject to the schedule of the
visiting Head of State. In the US, these ceremonies include
a flight line ceremony (where the visiting Head of State is
greeted at the tarmac after landing), a 21-gun salute White
House arrival ceremony, a White House dinner, an exchange
of diplomatic gifts, an invitation to stay at the Blair House
(the US President’s guesthouse across the Pennsylvania
Avenue), and flag lining on the streets.
COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023
 Persons In News
Narendra Modi Arjun Ram Meghwal Praveen Kumar Srivastava
Prime Minister Mr. Narendra India got a new Law Minister in The 1988 batch IAS officer of
Modi, on his visit to Port Moresby, Mr. Arjun Ram Meghwal, on Assam-Meghalaya cadre, Mr. Praveen
the capital of May 18, 2023. In Kumar Srivastava,
Papua New a surprise move, who had retired
Guinea (PNG), Minister of as Secretary
for the 3rd State for Parlia- (Coordination)
FIPIC Summit mentary Affairs in the Cabinet
on May 22, 2023, and Culture in the Secretariat in
was conferred the Union Cabinet 2022, assumed
Grand Companion Mr. Meghwal the esteemed
of the Order of was assigned the position of
Narendra Modi Logohu and the Arjun Ram Meghwal independent charge Praveen K. Srivastava Central Vigilance
Companion of of the Ministry Commissioner
the Order of Fiji, the highest civilian of Law and Justice in addition to his (CVC) on May 27, 2023. His illustrious
awards of the two Pacific countries existing responsibilities. The former career spans various government
IAS officer has taken charge of the departments, including Commerce,
PNG and Fiji, respectively. Mr. Modi,
Law Ministry at a time when relations where he significantly contributed to
as usual, dedicated both awards to the advancing India’s interest in global
between the executive and judiciary
people of India. seem not entirely normal. trade, showcasing his expertise and
versatility.
Recep Tayyip Erdogan Georgi Gospodinov
After his historic run-off election Georgi Gospodinov became the Rayyanah Barnawi
win, Turkish President Mr. Recep first Bulgarian writer to win the Ms. Rayyanah Barnawi, 35, became
Tayyip Erdogan, prestigious Inter- the first Arab woman astronaut to
69, was sworn national Booker enter space as
in for the third Prize 2023. His part of Axiom
term on June 3, third book, ‘Time Space’s private
2023. The longest- Shelter’, won the mission to the
serving leader of award for the International Space
the Turkiye story of an Station (ISS). A
emerged as a Alzheimer’s patient Saudi Arabia
surprise winner who has been national and
in the national Recep Tayyip Erdogan robbed of the Georgi Gospodinov Biomedical resear-
elections against a foundational aspect cher, Ms. Barnawi
formidable opposition coalition, of life, his memory. The celebrity reached the space Rayyanah Barnawi
despite facing an economic crisis and writer tells the story from the station on May 19, 2023. With multiple
severe criticism in the aftermath of a perspective of an unnamed narrator degrees in Biomedical Sciences from
devastating earthquake. His recent and plays on contemporary concerns Alfaisal University in Saudi Arabia and
pursuit of an independent foreign through a lens that is both ironic and Otago University in New Zealand, she
policy has resulted in strained relations melancholic. has almost a decade of experience in
with the West. cancer stem-cell research.
Geoffrey Hinton
Pita Limjaroenrat British-Canadian cognitive psycho- Kami Rita Sherpa
Unlike a typical Thai politician, logist and computer scientist Nepal’s Mr. Kami Rita Sherpa, 53,
Mr. Pita Limjaroenrat, 42, emerged as Dr. Geoffrey created history by reaching the 8,849
the biggest winner Hinton, who metres or 29,032
in Thailand’s is known as feet summit of
general elections the “Godfather of Mount Everest
on May 14, Artificial Intelli- for a record 28th
2023, beating gence”, surprised time on May 23,
the conservative the world when 2023. Taking
political esta- he announced his the traditional
blishment. The southeast ridge
resignation from route, Mr. Rita
young leader led Geoffrey Hinton Google, and
his prog ressive first climbed the
Pita Limjaroenrat warned about the Kami Rita Sherpa
reformist Move world’s tallest
growing dangers of AI, saying he now peak in 1994 and has done so almost
Forward Party to a stunning win while regrets his work as some of the dangers every year since, except for three years
contesting for the first time on a bold of AI Chatbots are “quite scary”. His when the mountains were closed for
platform of reforming the monarchy pioneering research on neural networks various reasons. His last two ascents
and reducing the power of the military and deep learning has paved the way were completed within a span of just
by rewriting the country’s Constitution. for AI systems like ChatGPT. two weeks.
206 COMPETITION SUCCESS REVIEW, JULY 2023