THEORY

Caffeine is a natural alkaloid belonging to the xanthine class of

compounds. Its chemical formula is C8H10N4O2, and its
systematic name is 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine. Caffeine is found in
varying concentrations in the seeds, leaves, and fruits of some
plants, where it serves as a natural pesticide. The most well-
known sources of caffeine are coffee beans, tea leaves, and coco
beans.

In its pure form, caffeine appears as a white, odourless, and

slightly bitter crystalline powder. It is highly soluble in hot water
but less so in cold water, and it has a melting point of
approximately 235 degrees Celsius. Caffeine acts as a central
nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness
and restoring alertness. It achieves this by blocking the action of
adenosine a type of Neurotransmitter.

One method for isolating caffeine from tea involves the use of
lead acetate and chloroform. This process exploits the differential
solubility of caffeine in these substances. First, a tea solution is
prepared by steeping tea leaves in hot water. Lead acetate is then
added to the solution, forming an insoluble precipitate with
tannins and other complex compounds present in the tea. After
filtering out the precipitate, chloroform is added to the remaining
liquid. Caffeine, being more soluble in chloroform than in water,
dissolves into the organic solvent. The chloroform solution is
separated, and the remaining liquid is evaporated to leave behind
pure caffeine crystals.
INTRODUCTION

Tea, a globally cherished beverage, originates from the leaves of

the Camellia sinensis plant. Its diverse varieties, including black,
green, white, and oolong, boast unique flavours and aromas
shaped by processing techniques. Beyond its cultural significance,
tea offers a rich source of antioxidants and has been enjoyed for
centuries for its calming and invigorating properties. From
traditional ceremonies to casual sipping, tea remains a versatile
and beloved elixir across cultures worldwide.

Caffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee, tea, and certain

plants. It belongs to a class of compounds called Xanthines.
When consumed, caffeine quickly enters the bloodstream and
travels to the brain, where it blocks the action of adenosine, a
neurotransmitter responsible for promoting sleep and relaxation.
By doing so, caffeine helps increase alertness, improve mood, and
enhance concentration. Its effects are temporary, typically lasting
a few hours, and individual sensitivity to caffeine varies. While
moderate consumption is generally considered safe for most
people, excessive intake can lead to jitteriness, insomnia, and
other side effects.
AIM:

To Determine and Quantitative Study of the amount of Caffeine

Present in Different Tea Samples

Apparatus Required:

🌱 Beakers

🌱 Filter Paper

🌱Glass Rod

🌱Electronic Weighing Scale

🌱 Tea Samples

🌱Lead Acetate
🌱Chloroform

Uses Of Caffeine:

Pain Relief: Caffeine is often included in pain-relieving

medications, such as those used for headaches or migraines. It can
enhance the effectiveness of other pain relievers and help
alleviate discomfort.

Improved Cognitive Function: Studies suggest that moderate

caffeine intake may have cognitive benefits, including improved
memory, reaction time, and overall mental function. It is thought
to enhance neurotransmitter activity in the brain.

Respiratory Support: Caffeine is a bronchodilator, meaning it

can help relax and open airways. In some cases, it is used to
support individuals with respiratory conditions like asthma by
making it easier for them to breathe.

Reduced Risk of Certain Diseases: Some research indicates

that regular, moderate consumption of caffeine may be associated
with a lower risk of certain diseases, including neurodegenerative
disorders like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, the
relationship is complex, and more research is needed.

Laxative Effect: Caffeine can have a mild laxative effect by

stimulating bowel movements. It is sometimes included in over-
the-counter medications for constipation.

Effects of Caffeine:
Positive Effects of Caffeine:
1. Increased Alertness and Focus:
Caffeine blocks adenosine receptors in the brain, promoting the
release of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine.
This leads to heightened alertness, improved concentration, and a
temporary reduction in the perception of fatigue.
2. Enhanced Physical Performance:
Caffeine can stimulate the release of adrenaline, preparing the
body for physical exertion. Athletes often use caffeine to improve
endurance, increase energy levels, and reduce the perception of
effort during exercise.
3. Mood Enhancement:
Caffeine can positively impact mood by influencing
neurotransmitters like serotonin. It may contribute to a sense of
well-being, improved mood, and even a reduction in the risk of
depression in some individuals.
Negative Effects of Caffeine:
1. Insomnia and Disrupted Sleep:
One of the most common negative effects of caffeine is its
ability to interfere with sleep. Consuming caffeine, especially in
the afternoon or evening, can lead to difficulty falling asleep,
reduced sleep quality, and increased wakefulness during the night.
2. Increased Heart Rate and Anxiety:
Higher doses of caffeine can lead to an increased heart rate and
feelings of anxiety or jitteriness. Some individuals are more
sensitive to these effects, and excessive caffeine intake can
exacerbate these symptoms.

Observation:
Chakra Gold
Weight Of China Dish 46.60 Grams

Weight of China dish with 47.25 Grams

Precipitate

Weight Of caffeine 0.65 Grams

Red Label
Weight of China Dish 46.60 Grams

Weight of China Dish with 47.34 Grams

precipitate

Weight of caffeine 0.74 Grams

Logas
Weight of china dish 46.60 Grams
Weight of china dish with 47.04 Grams
precipitate

Weight of caffeine 0.44 Grams

Conclusion:

The order of quantities of caffeine in different tea

samples are:

Red Label > Chakra Gold > Logas

 Logas

Red Label

Chakra Gold

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

Safe amount of Caffeine that can be consumed in a day Amount Of Caffeine