Mow much ercise >) ‘0 you do? "do some exercise every dy. spend ots of tne atthe gym every week nd playa few sports ke football and tonnis|lao make sure | always have a tle ree time forgo atthe weekends Presentation Pre-intermediate Unit 5a much/many, lots/a lot of, a little/a fe od ‘Not many Infact, [don do ay exercise during thaweek Decaus have lot of meetings And nave ‘Very itl tree time at th woskonds. Use much, many, lots, a lot of a litte and a few to talk about quantity. much / many You usually use much / many in questions and negative statements, Use much with uncountable nouns and many with plural countable nouns: Thaven't got much time. I don't have many friends. How much money do you earn? How many different sports do you play? _ Don't use much in speech in affirmative statements. You normally use lot/ lots: Say I've got alot of free time this weekend. (don't say T've got much free time this weekend.) You can use many'inaffirmative statements, but it can seem very formal « lot / lots is more common, Tve gota lot of/ many things to do today. not much / not many Use not much and not many to talk about small quantities. Use not much with uncountable nouns: haven't got much work to do this weekend. Use not many with plural countable nouns: I don't exercise many hours a week You can also use nor nitich and jor many in short answers: How many hours a week do you exercise? Not many. a lot of / lots of Use las of ora lot of to talk about large quantities with, uncountable nouns and plural countable nouns: 1 spend a lot of money on food. I have lots of meetings. ‘There is HOiffeteHeR in meaning or use between 1oWsOf and alot ofi I spend a lot of money on food. = I spend lots of money.on food. alittle / afew Use a little and a few to talk about small quantities. Use a little with uncountable nouns: Ihave a little time. Use a few with plural countable nouns: I play a few sports. some You generally use some in: «+ affirmative sentences: There are some CDs on the table. + injFequests and offers when you are referring to something specific: Can I have some cake? / Would ‘you like some cake? (= A piece of the cake I have here ‘on the plate and I am offering to you.) any You generally use any in ‘+ negative sentences and questions: There isn't any coffee in the machine. Is there any coffee? © National Geographic Learni 10Pre-intermediate Unit 5a 1 Choose the correct words. A: B: A: B: Sree 2 Correct the mistake in lines 1-7. Underli Are you spending “ot /Iots of time at the gym these days? No, not itich / many. What about you? No, I don't have "some / ity spare time at the moment. have the same problem. A ‘litle /few of my friends find time to go out after work, but I find there aren't any hours left for anything else. How ‘much / many hours do you work a week? A lot/ lots! Last week I worked over one hundred hours. Wow! Do you get ‘some / any holidays? Thave a some / any days off next week, actually. ‘the mistake and write the correction. a lot / lets of A survey of gyms and fitness centres suggests that people spend allots of not many their spare time atthe gym, but not any people are actually losing any weight. h In answer to the question ‘How Mant weight have you lost since joining the A few ‘gym?’ only 23% of the members said they were fitter. A Tittle people (4%) even. alittle said they had gained a few weight. But gyms needn't worry about these results. not many ‘When asked the question ‘Will you join again next year?” not any people lot of / lots of answered ‘no’, but most people answered, ‘yes. It's clear that much” | |" members are interested in the extra benefits, eg, the sauna, 3. Choose the correct words. In two sentences both answers are possible. 1 10 A: How much / many milk do you like in your tea? B:_ don't want any / some, thank you. Id like it black, please. Lot / Lots of students study online nowadays. usually write emails, but I write any / some letters to the older members of my family. ‘Can Ihave much / a litle ice cream, please? It looks delicious! Would you like alittle /few milk? Sorry, but we don't have much / many information about train times. You don't earn much / little money as a teacher! ‘There isn’t much bread left. Can you buy some / any? ‘The post office is only a little /a few metres from the cinema. In my opinion, not many’/ any children learn to be polite nowadays. a © National Geographic Learning 2/10Pre-intermediate Unit 5b(1) Articles (a/an, the and no article) Tm here for an interview. B: This gentleman ishere for the _C: So tell me why youtte the best B: Takea seat, Would you like a cup _interview. person forthe job. ofcofieet Oran orange juice? C: For which jobt ‘A: [like working with people and I A: Thanks. I'd likea glass of water, A: It's for the sales assistant job. Jove working in sales. please C: Ohyes. Presentation Use a/an Use the Use no article () + To talk about something that isn't» To tak about something specific To tak about plural and uncountable specific: or unique: ‘nouns in general 1d tke a glass of water (any glass, _ Its for the sales assistant job | tke working with (-) people and not a particular glass) + The sacond time we mention | tke working in (-) sales. + The fist time we mention something: something {Im here for an interview. This gentleman is here for the Heke ‘+ With superlatives: the best person Exercises 1 Choose the correct option. 1 Could I have@/ ~ / the glass of juice, please? 7 Thisis a/~/ the best job I've ever had. 2 Mum! There's a/an / the woman on a/ an /the 8 I've gota/ - / the problem with my computer. phone for you. 9 I've got a / - / the same problem I had last week. 3. Thereare ots of jobs in a /=/ the tourism 40 What's a/ ~/ the time? I'm applying for art ~/ the ob of marketing 11 A: Hello, can Tapeak to 2/~ Aatapmanages, manager. please? 5 Ilove working in a /=/ the teams. B: I'm afraid he isn’t in an / - / the offi Can Lask you a - / the question? today. 1 © National Geo 3/10Pre-intermediate Unit 5b(1) 2 @Add or the to the conversations where necessary. 1A: Shall we go to see film? Shall we go to see o film? Yes, OK. What do you want to see? Did you enjoy show? Pid you enjoy the show? Yes, it was great. Music was fantastic. Yes, it was great. The musie was fantastic. Isthere bus stop near here? there a bus stop near here? Yes, nearest bus stop is on corner, opposite police station, _'*» *# mare bu stops on the comer oppeste the poles station Is that new mobile phone? Where did you get it? {s that a new mobile phone? .. In shop in town centre. I's new shop. It opened last week. !" @h0P inthe town centre. i's a new shop. Thisis first time I've been to this restaurant. Is it new? _Thisis the rst time. ve been to this restaurant. sit new? No, it’s been here for years. Friend brought me here once after work... friend brought me here once after work Look! There's man waving at you over there, on other side of street. Look! There's @ man waving at you over there, ‘Who? Man with black dog? Who? The man withthe black dog? on the other side of stret. 3 Complete the text with the or - (zero article). PEP PPE EP eee i Hove * = homemade food. | particularly love food my grandmother makes. | hate 3 burgers and q chips and*__the coffee from®__ the machine Likes and dislikes: Iove?__= __dancing and spending time with my friends. | especially love going to® the park and listening to * = music ‘on my mp3 player. esreere ee eee oes eee basketball twice week and go swimming in''___the _lecal pool every morning, I spend hours playing *__= __games on my computer and | love DVDs. watching 2 © National Geos aphic Learning 4/0Pre-intermediate Unit 5b(2) the or no article with names How much do you know about geography? Try our quick quiz and see! 1 Which ocean is the smallest?‘ Which town i the home ofthe White House? 2) te Pate a) New York >| the Atanie ») Washington of the arctic <) chicago 2 Which desert is the biggest? 6 In which country is English not an emia official language? ‘bj the Gobi 2) oe ») Sout Aen ¢) the Kalahari 1 ee ‘3, Which country was te frst to Who was the fist European to sal give women the vote? wee a) Ge USA a) Christopher Columbus ») Austria 2) Ferdinand Magollon New Zealand ) Juan Sebastian Eleano ‘4 Which is the world’s second 8 When is the best time to see the longest river? ‘Aurora Borealis (the Northem Lights|? 4) the Amazon 4) September and October D) the Nile ) December and January the Yangue June and July (nud pu yoroyy 30) r090199 pu roquiondes 8 ‘2uoy yo8 sdiys sty a1ojoq opneq @ ut pap weYSBeW arn seqfabey Jo JaquiaM e sem ay — OUEDLY UeNseqES LENG J Ysn ou ut aBenfue| jeoujo ou st aroun YSN ain 9 UoBuYsEM ¢ UOZEMY om > PUETEAZ MAN E erENES au Z oUIY aM | xanest 2 Presentation Names without the Names with the You do not normally use the with the names of... You use the with the names of. + people: Ferdinand Magellan, Christopher Columbus» deserts: the Gobi, the Kalahari + towns: Washington, New York + rivers: the Amazon, the Nile + countries: New Zealand, Australia, South Africa + mountain ranges: the Alps, the Himalayas, the Andes + continents: Asia, Africa, Europe, Antarctica + oceans and seas: the Pacific, the Mediterranean + lakes and mountains: Lake Geneva, Lake Titicaca, + _groupsof counties or states: the USA, the European Union ‘Mount Everest, Mount Whitney AAALAARAIERNEAT: the Philipines, + months and days of the week: January, February, the Maldives ‘Monday, Tuesday + countries whose names include a political label: + languages: English, French, Japanese the Republic of reland, the United Kingdom + school subjects: geography, history, art + some buildings: the White House, the Eiffel Tower, the Sheraton Hotel + periods of time: the nineties, the 21st century, the holidays, the weekend + geographical regions: the Middle East, the north the coast, the mountains, the countryside, the Antarctic 1 © National Geographic Leaning 5/10Pre-intermediate Unit 5b(2) Pare Exercises 1 Complete the sentences with the or ~(no article). 1 = Roald Amundsen was the first man to reach the _ South Pole. 2 More than 370 million people speak = English at home. 3 The population of - (China is four times bigger than the population ofthe United States. 4 The __Nileis the longest river in the world 5 - Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in__= Africa. 6 The Sahara desert is expanding tothe __ south at arate of 30 miles a year, 7 Most children study = historyand = geography at school 8 The coldest month ofthe yearin = Antarctica is Z July. 9 The Middle East is the region of the world east of the __ Mediterranean Sea and west oft India. 10 Global warming is one of the biggest problems facing the world in. the __ 2st century. 2 © Gross out any unnecessary articles. Then listen and check. 1 > Where are you from? A small town called the Amara It’s in dhe Turkey on the Black Sea, ‘Who's your teacher for #he maths this year? It’s he Mr Smith I think, What are you reading? It’s a book about the British explorer, she Scott of the Antarctic. ‘What did you do at the weekend? ‘We went to the country. We stayed at a hotel near he Lake Balaton. Excuse me, do you speak the German? No, I'm sorry. I don't. Do you speak the Portuguese? ‘What are you doing in the holidays? ‘We're going to the beach, in the south of the France. 3 Add the ten missing definite articles (the) to the text. PREP ee Pe eee | Chile Chile, officially known as Republic of Chile, is the longest country in world. This long, thin country is situated between Pacific Ocean in west and Andes: +0 east. Its more than 4,300 km long and is a land of extremes, from Atacama desert in north to the ‘frozen lakes in south. The official language is Spanish and the capital city is Santiago, although ‘the main goverment buildings are in the city of Valparaiso, on coast. Chile, officially known as the Republic of Chile, isthe Tongest country in the world. This long, thin country is, situated betwe 1cean in the west and the Andes| to the east. It is more than 4,300 km long and is a land of extremes, from the Atacama desert in the north to the frozen lakes in the south. The official language is ‘Spanish and the capital city is Santiago, although the main government buildings are in the city of Valparaiso, on the coast. aphic Learning 6/10Pre-intermediate Unit 6a To: [ Suzie From: [Alice [BJ Attached: | Hi Suzie It was good to see you last week and thanks for helping me think about my future! I've decided to change my career. I'm leaving my job to start my own business. | want to start a website for university students, Wat do you think? Alice Presentation verb + to + infinitive Infinitive of purpose After many common verbs, you can use the to + You can use the fo + infinitive to talk about why infinitive form of a verb someone does something: I've decided to change my career. Tim leaving my job to start my own business. cide, learn, need, pian, : 5 ‘The purpose othe action promise, want, would Ike ‘9 * five ace {why we do something) Tye bought an umbrela to stay dry. adjective + to + infinitive 1m going to the gym toget ft You can use the fo + infinitive form after adjectives: "caller {to arrange a meeting Iwas good to see you. crazy, lic, easy, hAPEY, 4 rice, pleased, sad Exercises 1 Match 1-7 to a-g. 1 ‘Typeinyour password dt Put your creditcard in the machine Turn thekey ¢ You need to leave now @ Carrya passport. b You need to wear this coat g You-can switch theradioon @ to get there on time, to visit another country. to start the car. to logon. to listen to the news. to get money out, to keep warm. 1 © National Geographic Learning 7/0Pre-intermediate Unit 6a peony 2 Complete the sentences with the pairs of words in the box cit neo aaa rbiy _eeny neko toe meet RNs beeadt oe] | tel sn 6 ° 1 How do you do? It's __nice __to__meet_you. 2 Youre right tobe _angry. I would be too! 3 Areyou. afraid to meet__my father? 4 Theinstructions say its easy tos make 5 Andatthisprice, you'd be crazy motto. buy _ittoday! 6 Were sad to see you go. 3 Combine the two sentences with an initive of purpose. 1 Weemploy over 200 people. They answer customer calls We empley oVer 200 people to answer customer calls. 2 My company provides training, This helps the employees do their jobs well. My company provides training to help the employees to do their jobs well 3° Our factory uses the latest technology. This improves production. ur factory uses the latest technology to improve production. 4 We check each product. This controls quality. We check each product to control quality. 5 Wehave three delivery lorries. These take our products to local supermarkets. ‘We have three delivery lorries to take our products to local supermarkets. 6 We offer low prices. We are more competitive. We offer low prices to be more competitive. 4 Complete these sentences so they are true for you. 1. Inthe future, I plan to travel around the world, 2 Timalways happy to see my grandparents. 3. I'mstudying English to. work in another country. 2 (© National Get phic Learning 8/10Pre-intermediate Unit 6b W: What are you going to order? ME: I'm not sure. think Ill have fish. What about you? W: I'm going to order steak and chips. always have steak! Ms That sounds nice. Maybe I'll have the steak too. Tater} M: Sorry but I'm getting a train in half an hour. [have to 0. It was delicious. W- Sure. No problem. I'l pay. M: Really? That's very kind of you. Present continuous Use the present continuous to talk about a fixed arrangement in the future. We often mention a time. I'm getting a train in half an hour We're meeting my friends at nine be going to. Use be going to + infinitive to talk about general plans and intentions. I'm going to order steak. What are you going to order? Exercises will Use will (without £0): + tomake a decision when speaking: Tim not sure. I think PM have fish have steak, Or maybe P + to make promises and offers: promise PU pay. Til get the bill 1 @Look at the listen and check. ca Sr rs cen Rita and 1/ play / on 2 It’s OK.1/ pay /lunch 3. This year/I/learn piano. res and write sentences. Use going to, will or the present continuous. Then Rita and | are playing tennis on Tuesday It's OK. I'll pay for lunch. This year I'm going to learn to play the 1 © National Geographic Leaning 910Pre-intermediate Unit 6b 2. Complete the conversations with the present continuous or will. 1 3 Look at the pictures. A: What are you doing on Tuesday? 4A B: Vou having (have) lunch with Jerry. B As Let's ask the waiter for the bill. 5 A B: Good idea. IM pay (pay) it. A: When 9re you getting (you get) 6 A: married? B: B: On the 25th of June. B: k what the person says. Where are you going for your holidays this year? To Greece. {you go) Thavent got any money! Don't worry. [lend (lend) you some. Sorry but I'm going to be late. ‘That's OK. We'll wait (we wait) for you. Tim going to pay for it 2 Tpay fort. 7 Tm going to have a holiday ‘inFlorida! / ida! 3 Tikelpyon. Tm going to help you. Til have a holiday in Florida, Pilbe a doctor like my father. 5 Tm going to be a doctor like “my father, 7 Tilgetit. 7 Tm going to get it. 4 Complete the sentences with I’m going to or I think I'l. Vm going to ‘The sun's come out. think Vil Tye sold my car. Im going to ts getting dark think Pi Tm going to Tokyo for six months. buya new one. turn on the light. I'm going to 6 Plhavea party tonight. Fm going to havea party, “tonight. 7 see Real Madrid play AC Milan: I've got tickets. go to the beach study Japanese. © National Geographic Learning