CAU HOI NHIET HOA HOC Bam sat cu tric dé minh hoa mén Héa hoc nam 2023 oe DINH HUONG TU DUY GIAI = Nhigt lugng (Q) toa ra khi d6t ch4y m6t chat bang sé mol chat 46 nhan v6i lugng nhiét toa ra khi dét chay 1 mol chit. ~ Nhién ligu thung 1a hon hgp cdc chat: Vi du: + Khi gas la hén hop cia propan va butan theo nhiing ty 1é khac nhau. + X&ng 1a hén hgp cac hidrocacbon tit 7 dén 11 C. Vi vay, Iuong nhiét t6a ra khi dét chay mét nhién ligu sé bing tng lurgng nhiét dét chay cde chat thanh phan: ~ Nhiét lugng vit téa ra hay thu vo duge tinh bing céng thire: Trong dé: +m: Khéi long chat +c: Nhiét dung (nding lugng can dé dua 1 gam chat ting lén 1°C) + AT: d@ bién thién nhiét 46 (\t2 — ti) Luu ¥: Céc qua trinh sir dung nhiét sé khién nhiét ltrong bj that thoat ra mdi trudng nén hit suat sir dung nhiét trong thy té lun bé hon 100%. Vi vay trong cac bai toan dét chay nhién Jigu, dé bai thuémg cho kém higu sudt sir dung nhigt. Bi voi mot s6 bai todn, ngudsi ra dé néu khéng cho higu suat thi c6 thé “gia sit” toan bé hrong nhiét déu duge sir dung higu qua. @ CAU HOI MINH HOA CAu 1. (D8 minh hoa 2023) Binh “ga” loai 12 cn sit dung trong h6 gia dinh ¥ c6 chita 12 kg khi héa long (LPG) gém propan va butan véi ti 1¢ mol twong img la 2: 3. Khi duge dét chay hon toan, 1 mol propan t6a ra long nhigt Li 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan t6a ra long nhigt 14 2850 kJ. Trung binh, lung nhiét tiéu thy ti dét khi “ga” eta ho gia dink Y 1a 10.000 kJ/ngay va higu suat sir dung nhiét la 67,3%. Sau bao nhiéu ngay hé gia dinh Y sit dung hét Dinh ga trén?A. 30 nga. B. 60 ngiy, C.40 nga. D. 20 ngiy. ‘Cf 2. Trong y hoe, glucozo lim thuée tng Iue cho ngudi bénh, dé hap thu va cung cp kha nhiéu nang lurgng. Dung dich glucozo (CeH1206) 5% ce khéi lugng riéng la 1,02 g/ml, phan Aig oxi hoa 1 mol glucoze tao thanh COs va HzO toa ra mét nhigt long li 2803,0 KI. Mot nguéi bénh duge truyén mét chai chita 500 ml dung dich glucose 5%. Nang lugng t6i da tir phan tg oxi héa hon ton glucozo ma bénh nhin dé c6 thé nhan durge 1a A. 389,30 KE. B. 397,09 KI. C. 416,02 kd. D. 381,67 kd. ‘Cau 3. Cho 0,5 g bét sat vao binh 25 mL dung dich CuSO, 0,2M 6 32°C. Khuay déu dung dich, quan sat nhigt ké thay nhiét d6 Ién cao nhat la 39°C. Gia thiét nhiét lugng cia phan img toa ra duge dung dich hap thy hét, nhiét dung ciia dung dich loang bing nhiét dung ciia nude (4,2 HK), Nhiét ctia phan ting trén 1a A.AT1 KI. B. 417 Kd. G7 Ks. D, 157l. ‘Cf 4. Cho phurong trinh nhigt hod hoc cia phan tng ‘Ha(g) + 1/202 (g) > H20 (J) AdH"20g = -285,84 kJ L khi Ha (dkte) trong 24,64 lit khi O> (dkte) thi hung mhigt t6a ra c6 thé dun s6i bao nhiéu 4m nude. Gia sir dé dun s6i 1 4m nude cin 41,16 kJ nhigt long ‘va Iuong nhigt toa ra bi that thoat 40%, A6. B.8. C9. D.7. ‘Cfu 5. M6t binh “ga” logi 45 can sir dung trong mét quin an Y cé chita 45 kg khi héa long (LPG) gém propan va butan véi ti 1 mol tuong tg 1a 3:5. Khi duge dét chay hoan toan, 1 mol propan (6a ra lugng nhigt 14 2220 kl va 1 mol butan ta ra hong nhigt ki 2850 KI. Trung binh, hrong nhiét tiéu thy tir d6t khi “ga” cla quan an Y la 36100 ki/ngay va higu suat sir dung nhiét 1a 74%, S6 binh “ga” n6i trén ma quin an Y sir dung hét trong mét nim 1a AT. B. 10. Gs D.9. ‘CAu 6. Trong pin propan — oxi, phan ting tng céng xay ra khi pin hoat dng nhur sau: CaH(k) + 503(k) + 6OHE (dd) + 3CO* (dd) + THROU) 6 digu kign chun, khi dét chéy hodn toan 1 mol propan theo phan ting trén thi sinh ra mot Jurong nang long li 2497.66 kJ. Mét bong dén LED céng suat 20W duge thap sing bing pin nhién ligu propan — oxi. Biét higu sudt qua trinh oxi héa propan 1a 80,0" ning lrgng 1a 75% va trung binh ett | gid bong dén LED néi trén néu durge thip sing thi can tiéu thu hét mét long nang long bang 72,00 kJ. Thdi gian béng dén duge thap sing khi sir dung 176 gam propan lam nhién ligu diéu kign chuan gan nhat voi gia tri nao, gid str mdi ngiy can sir dung dén lign tue trong 6 gid va cit méi chu kj tit dén — bat lai dén Lim tiéu t6n thém 10 kJ nhigt ltrgng. A. 8 ngay. B. 21 ngay. 2, Néu dét chay hoan toan 40, ; higu si sir dung n tue 5 ngay. D. 13 ngay.Cu 7. Phan img téng hop glucozo trong cay xanh can durge cung cap nang lugng 1a 2813 kJ cho méi mol glucozo tao thin 6COr + 6H2O —+ CoHHix00 + 602 Néu trong mOt phiit, mdi em? Ia xanh nhan durge khoding 2,09 J nang luong mat tri, nhung 0% duge str dung vao phan img tong hop glucozo. Véi mot ngay ning (tir 6hO0 — 17h00) ign tich 14 xanh li 1 m?, khdi long glucozo téng hgp duge bao nhiéu? A. 90,26 gam. B. 88,26 gam. C. 90,32 gam, D. 88,32 ‘Cfu 8. Khi cacbonic sinh ra tir cae qua trinh chay la mét trong nhimng nguyén nhan chinh gay higu tg nha kinh, Hign nay, ndng 46 CO> trong khi quyén li 0,035% so véi cach day 300 ‘nam 1a 0,028%. Néu ndng d CO2 ting 25% thi gép phin ting nhiét 46 toan cau 0,5°C, Do 46, cde bién phap kim giam thiéu su thai CO> la van dé lén cia toan thé gid. Biét phuong trinh dét chy than va metan nhu sau: al CHa + 20299 + CO2n + 2H20y, AH?= -890 (ki/mol) Coo + Onn + COnay AH?= -394 (kJ/mol) Ti Ié gidm thai khi CO> (tinh cho I kJ) khi dt chay than va metan li A. 63,12%. B.55,73% C.51,54%, D.47,26%. ‘Cfu 9, Dé ting nhiét 46 cla 1 gam nude thém 1°C can tigu t6n 4,18 J, biét ring khi d6t chay 1 mol carbon téa ra 394 kJ. Khéi lrgng than chita 75% carbon cin dét chay dé sinh ra luong nhigt dit dun néng 1 lit nude (D = 1 g/cm’) tir 25 lén 100°C 1a, gia sir nhigt long sinh ra chi diing dé lam ting nhigt 46 ciia nude va cae tap chit eta than khéng chay. A152 B. 8,26g. C.12,73g, D.18,84g, ‘CAu 10. Binh “ga” Jogi 12 can sit dung trong hé gia dinh Y c6 chia 12 kg khi héa long (LPG) gém propan va butan véi ti Ié mol tuong img la 3: 4. Khi duge dét chay hoan toan, 1 mol propan t6a ra long nhigt 1a 2220 KI va 1 mol butan t6a ra lugng nhigt li 2850 kJ. Trung binh, Inrgng nhiét tiéu thu tir’ dét khi “ga” cia hé gia dinh Y 14 10.000 kJ/ngay va higu suat str dung, nhiét li 79%. Sau bao nhiéu ngay hé gia Y sir dung hét binh ga tr A.47 ngiy. B. 53 n: C. 40 ngay. D. 38 ngiy. (Cu 11. Mét binh gas (khi héa léng) sir dung trong hé gia dinh X chita hén hop propan va butan vi ti Ié mol 3:1 6 khéi hrong 19kg. Khi d6t chay hoan toan, 1 mol propan ta ra nhiét Iugng 14 2000KJ va 1 mol butan t6a ra nhiét lung 1a 2400KJ. Trung binh, lurong nhiét tiéu ‘thu tir khi dét cua hé gia dinh X 1a 10000KJ/ ngay va higu suat sir dung nhiét 1a 85%. Sé ngay 16 gia dinh X sir dung hét binh gas trén la: ALT. B.75. G7. D.72 ‘Cfiu 12. Nhiét ta ra khi d6t chay 1 gam mét mau than 1a 23,0 kJ. Biét ring dé lam néng 1 mol nuée thém 1°C edn mét nhigt long la 4,25 va higu suat hap thu nhiét I 70%. Khdi lrongthan (g) can phai dét dé lim néng 1 lit nude tir 25°C dén 100°C gn nhat véi gid tri nao sau day? A.8. B.9. C10. DA ‘Cfu 13. M6t h6 gia dinh mua than dé Lim nhién ligu dun ndu va trung binh mdi ngay ding hét 2,4kg than. Gia thiét loai than 4a trén chit 85% cacbon va 2% lu huynh vé khéi long, con lai la tap chat tra, khi dét chay hodn ton 1 mol cacbon chiy toa ra long nhigt li 350KI ‘va 1 mol lu huynh chéy t6a ra nhigt long Li 320KJ. Nhiét wong cung cp cho h6 gia dink tir vige dét than trong I ngay twong duong bao nhiéu sé dign (biét rang 1 sé dign = kWh = 3600KJ)? A. 14,75, B. 2081, C.15,23. D. 16,66. ‘Cu 14, Khi biogas (gia thiét chi chita CH,) va khi gas (chtra 40% CsHs va 60% CsHyo vé thé tich) duge ding phé bién lm nhién ligu va dun nau. Nhiét lrong t6a ra khi dét chay hoan toan 1 mol cac chit nhw bang sau: ‘Nhiét lirgng toa ra (kJ) 2220 2850 Néw nhu edu vé ning hong khong doi, higu suat sir dung cae Toai nhign ligu nhwr nhau, khi ding khi biogas dé thay thé khi gas dé lam nhién ligu dét chdy thi legng khi CO> thai ra mdi truring sé A. giim 18,9% B, tang 18,9% C. tang 23,3% D. gidm 23,3% Cau 15, duge nghién ciru réng rai nham thay thé ngudn nhién ligu héa thach ngay cang can kigt. Trong pin nhién ligu, dong dign duge tgo ra do phan tmg oxi hoa nhién ligu (hidro, cacbon monooxit, metanol, etanol, propan, ...) bing oxi khéng khi, Trong pin propan — oxi, phan tng téng cOng xay ra khi pin hoat dong nhu sau: CsHs(k) + 502(k) + 6OH (dd) > 3CO® (dd) + TH2O(1) 6 diéu kign chudn, khi dét chay hodn ton 1 mol propan theo phan tmg trén thi sinh ra mot Iugng nang lugng 1a 2497,66 kJ. Mot bong dén LED céng suat 20W duge thdp sing bang pin nhién ligu propan ~ oxi. Biét higu suat qua trinh oxi héa propan la 80,0%; higu suat str dung nang Iuong 1a 100% va trung binh cir 1 gid bong dén LED néi trén néu duge thip sang lién tuc thi can tiéu thy hét mot lugng nang lugng bing 72,00 kJ. Théi gian bong dén duge thap sng lién tue khi sir dung 176 gam propan lam nhién ligu 6 didu kign ehudn la A. 69,4 gid. B.111,0 gid. C. 55,5 gid. D. 138,7 gid. Cau 16. Binh “ga” sir dung trong hé gia dinh Y cé chita 10,92 kg khi héa léng (LPG) gom propan va butan vi ti1é mol tuong ng 1a 3: 4. Khi duge dét chdy hoan todn, 1 mol propan toa ra luong nhiét 1a 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan téa ra Iwong nhiét la 2850 kJ. Trung binh, longnhiét tiéu thy tir dét khi “ga” ciia hé gia dinh Y tuong img véi bao nhiéu sé dign? (Biét higu suat str dyng dign 1a 50% va 1 s6 dign — 1 kWh = 3600 kJ) A. 50 86, B. 60 86. C75 86, D. 80 sé. (Cu 17. Trong 1d nung véi, dé phan hiy hoan toan 1 mol CaCOs can cung cap cho phan tmg Iugng nhiét la 159 kJ. Luong nhiét nay duge lay tir phan ting dét chay than. Hy tinh m gam than can dét chay trong 16 nung véi dé thu dugc 1 tan vai séng. Biét hé sé sir dung nhiét cia 15 nung véi 1a 70%. Than ¢6 chita 94% cacbon vé }i Iugng. Khi dét chéy hoan toan 1 mol cacbon hrong nhiét t6a ra la 393,3 kJ. A. 73727 gam. B. 76359 gam. €. 63590 gam, D. 31458 gam. ‘Cfu 18. Cho biét dé dua 1 gam muée lén 1°C thi can 4,184 J. Mudn dun s6i 1 lit nuée tit 25°C én 100°C thi can dot bao nhiéu lit khi butan (ga dun bép) & dkte, biét ring | mol butan chiy toa ra.2807,2 KI (khdi Luong rigng cita mirGe Li 1g/ml)? B. 2,24 lit C448 lit. D. 56 lit Céu 19. Binh “ga” logi 12 can sir dung trong h6 gia dinh c6 ehira 12 kg khi ha long (LPG) gdm propan va butan véi ti 1¢ mol tuong ing la 1 ; 2. Khi duge dot chay hoan toan, 1 mol propan t6a ra lugng nhigt la 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan t6a ra Iuong nbiét la 2874 kJ. Trung binh mai ngay, mét hé gia dinh can dot gas dé cung cap 9960 kJ nhiét (c6 20% nhiét dot chay bi that thot ra ngoai méi truéng). Sau bao nhiéu ngay hé gia dinh trén sé str dung hét binh gas 12 kg? A. 32 nga. B. 40 ngiy, C. 60 ngay. D.48 ngiy. ‘Cfu 20. M6t mau edn X (thanh phin chinh [a etanol) c6 Kin metanol. Khi duge dét chy hoan ton, 1 mol etanol t6a ra hxong nhigt 14 1370 KI va 1 mol metanol toa ra lung nhigt 18 716 kJ. Dét chay hoan toan 10 gam mau cén X téa ra mét nhiét long 1a 291,9 kJ. Phan trim tap chit metanol trong mau cén X 1a A. 6% B. 8%, C. 10%, D. 12%, Cfiu 21. Luong nhiét thoat ra khi d6t chay 1 mol cae hgp chat hitu co cho duéi day: Metan 890 Axetilen 1300 Bran 1560 Propan 2220 Chat nao sau day s€ cho hong nhiét nhd nhdt khi d6t chay 1 gam chat a5 A. Ci B.CH. CCH D. Cols(Cu 22. Khi thién nhién chira chit yéu céc thinh phan chinh: metan (CH,), etan (C2Hs) va ‘mét s6 thinh phin khde. Biét long nhiét t6a ra khi d6t chay metan va etan Kin hugt 14 890,36 kJ vi 1559,7 kJ. Néu ho gia dinh anh Tém cn 10000 kJ nhigt méi ngay, sau khong bao nhiéu ngay s¢ ding hét binh gas 13 kg khi thién nhién? ( Biét ti 1¢ thé tich cua metan : etan la 17 : 2 véi higu suit hip thu nbiét khoang 60%) A. Khodng 43 ngiy B. Khoing 45 ngiy C. Khong 47 nga. D. Khoang 50 ngiy. (Cfu 23. “Liu tu s6i” la trio hu gay st véi gidi tré Viet trong vai nim tr lai day. Chite nang lam néng, chin thye pham bén trong ma khéng can str dung nguén nhiét nhu bép ign Li nhé géi tao nhiét trong hdp thue phim. Cac géi thudng cé thanh phan li vdi sing (CaO), duoc FDA céng nhan 1a an ton. Géi tao nhiét hoat dng théng qua phan i s hay bép gia voi séng v6i nude duge mé ta bing phuong trinh héa hoc: CaO (rin) + H20 (léng) Ca(OH). (dung dich) Biét nhigt t6a ra cia 1 mol voi séng (CaO) fa 81,9 KI va nhiét Ivong cén tigu t6n it nhit dé lam s6i nude (6 nhigt d6 25°C) la 156,9 kJ. Khéi lugng voi séng t6i thiéu cin ding dé géi higt hoat dong duge 1a A. 107.3 gam B. 105,4 gam, €. 102,7 gam. D. 101,5 gam. Cfu 24, Binh “ga” sir dung trong hé gia dinh Y e6 chita 10,92 kg khi héa léng (LPG) gm propan va butan véi ti 1 mol twong img 1a 3 : 4. Khi duge dét chdy hoan toan, 1 mol propan ‘6a ra lugng nbigt 14 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan t6a ra lugng nbigt 1a 2850 kJ. Trung binh, lung nhiét tigu thy tir’ ddt khi “ga” cia hé gia dinh Y trong tg véi bao nhiéu sé dign? (Biét higu suat sir dung nhiét la 49,83% va 1 s6 dién = 1 kWh = 3600 ki). A. 50 86. B. 60 86. G75 sé. D. 80 sé. ‘Céu 25. Butan 14 m6t trong hai thanh phin chinh eta khi dt héa long (Liquified Petroleum Gas-viét tat la LPG). Khi dét chay | mol butan toa ra Iugng nhiét 1a 2497 kJ. Dé thye hign ‘vie dun néng 1 gam nude ting thém 1°C can cung t Iuong 1a 4,18). Khéi long: butan cin dét dé dura 2 lit nude tir 25°C 1én 100°C. Biét ring khéi lugng riéng cha nude 1a 1 ‘g/ml va higu sudt nhigt lwong toa ra khi dét chiy butan ding dé ning nhigt d6 cia made li 60%, A. 23,26 gam, B. 26,52 gam, C.24,27 gam. D. 25,44 gam. ‘Céu 26, Xang ES 1a m6t loai xng sinh hoc, durge tao thanh khi trOn 5 thé tich CHsOH (D = 0,8 g/ml) vai 95 thé tich xang truyén thong, gitip thay thé mot phan nhién ligu héa thach dang ngay cang can kigt eiing nhur giim thiéu 6 nhiém méi trong. Khi dét chéy hodn toan 1 lit xng ES thi han ché duge a phan trim thé tich khi CO2 thai vao khong khi so voi dét chay hoan toan I lit xdng truyén théng 6 cling kién nhiét 46 va Ap suat. Gid sir xang truyénthéng chi chtta hai ankan CsHis va CoH29 (ti 18 mol tuong tmg 4 : 3, D = 0,7 g/ml). Gia tri cia a gan nhat voi gid tri AL146 €.3,54, D.1,33. ‘Cu 27, Xing sinh hoc ES chita $% etanol vé thé tich (D = 0,8 g/ml), con lai Ia xing truyén, théng, gid thiét xang truyén théng chi chita hai ankan 18 CsHis va CsH2o (c6 ti 18 mol trong. tg la 4 : 3; D = 0,7 g/ml). Khi duge dit chay hoan toan, 1 mol etanol toa ra long nhigt ki 1365 kJ, 1 mol CsHis téa ra lugng nhiét la 5072 kJ va 1 mol CoH20 téa ra nl lugng li 6119 KJ. Trung binh, mot chiéc xe may tay ga di chuyén drge 1 km thi cin mot nhigt Iwong chuyén thanh céng co hoc c6 d@ lén li 212 kJ. Néu xe may tay ga dé da sir dung hét 6,5 lit xing ES trén thi quiing duong xe di chuyén duge 1a (biét higu suit si dung nhién ligu cia déng co 14.40%) B. 390 km. C. 380 km. D, 400 km. in chinh 1a C:HsOH) c6 Kin metanol (CH3OH). Dot chay khi dét chay 1 mol metanol téa ra nhiét lugng, 1a 716 kJ, dét chay 1 mol etanol ta ra nhiét lung 1a 1370 kJ. Phan trim tap chat metanol trong X la 8%. B. 6%, C.10%, D.4% Cu 29, Binh “ga” loai 12 can sir dung trong hé gia dinh Y cé chita 12 kg khi héa long (LPG) gdm propan va butan véi ti 1é mol tong tmg 1a 3 : 2. Khi duge dét chy hoan toan, 1 mol propan téa ra lurgng nhiét la 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan téa ra long nhiét la 2850 kJ. Trung binh, Iuong nhiét tigu thy tir” dét khi “ga” cia h6 gia dinh Y 1a 15.000 ki/ngay va higu suat sir dung nhigt la 80,25%. Sau bao nhiéu ngay h6 gia dinh Y str dung hét binh ga trén? ‘A. 20 ngay. B. 34 ngay, C. 32 ngay. D. 40 ngay Ciiu 30, M6t loai xing ES5 cé ti 1é so mol nhu sau: 5% etanol, 35% heptan, 60% octan. Khi urge dét chy hodn toan, 1 mol etanol sinh ra m6t hong nang hong 1a 1367KJ, 1 mol heptan sinh ra mt Iugng nang long ta 4825 kJ va | mol octan sinh ra mot ltrong n’ing luwgng 1a 5460 kJ, nang lugng gidi phéng ra c6 20% thai vio méi truémg, ede phan tmg xay ra hoan toan, M6t xe may chay | gié cin mét nang lugng 1a 37688 kJ. Néu xe may chay véi téc 46 trung binh nhu trén thi thai gian dé sir dung hét 3 kg xing ES gan nhat véi gid tri nao sau day? A. 2,55 gid. B. 2,82 gia. C.3,55 gid. D.3,05 gia. ‘Cfu 31. Binh “ga” loai 12 can sir dung trong hé gia dinh Y c6 chita 12 kg khi h6a long (LPG) gom propan va butan véi ti 1¢ mol tuong tmg la 2: 3. Khi duge dot chay hoan toan, | mol propan téa ra Itong nhiét 1a 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan téa ra luong nhigt la 2850 kJ. Trung binh, Iuong nhiét tiéu thy tir dét khi “ga” cia quan an Y 1a 34.000 kJ/ngay va higu suat str dung mhiét la 80%, Sau bao nhiéu ngiy quén Y cin thay binh ga méi? A. 12 nga. B. 13 ngay, C. 14 ngay. D. 15 ngay‘Cfiu 32. Dung dich glucozo (CoH1i206) 9% c6 khdi hong rigng la 1,03 g/ml, phan img oxi hoa 1 mol glucozo tao thinh CO> va HzO téa ra mét nhigt Irgng la 2803,0 kJ. Mot ngudi bénh duge truyén mét chai chita 500 ml dung dich glucose 9%. Nang luong tir phan img oxi héa hoan toan glucozo ma bénh nhan dé cé thé nhan duge la, biét higu sudt hdp thy nhiét la 67%. A, 512,30 KI, B. 483,59 kd. C. 436,76 KI. D. 391,47 kJ iu 33. Cho | g bot kém vio binh 25 mL. dung dich CuSOs 0,3M 6 33°C. Khudy déu dung dich, quan sat nhigt ké thay nhiét d6 1én cao nhat la 39°C. Gia thiét nhigt hrgng cia phan img toa ra duoc dung dich hap thu hét, nhigt dung ciia dung dich long bang nhiét dung cia nude (4.2 J/g.K). Nhigt eta phan img trén la A.87KI B.79 KI. C.84 KI. D.89KI. ‘CAu 34. Cho phurong trinh nhiét hos hoe cua phan ig, Ha(g) + 1/202 (g) > H20 (J) AcH20g = -285,71 KI Biét dét chay 1 binh ga 12kg sé t6a ra 400 000 KJ nhiét long. Luong nhién ligu Hz cén ding 1a bao nhiéu dé tao ra rong nhiét twong dong | binh ga trén. AAS kg. B. 2,2 kg. C.5,6 kg. D.28 kg ‘Cfiu 35. Mot binh “ga” loai 45 ean sir dung trong mt quin an Y e6 chita 45 kg khi hoa long (LPG) gm propan va butan véi ti 1¢ mol tuong ting 1a 3:5. Khi duge dot chay hoan toan, 1 mol propan toa ra lirgng nhigt 14 2220 kI va 1 mol butan ta ra long nhiét 1i 2850 kJ. Trung binh, lung nhiét tiéu thy tir dét khi “ga” cia quan an Y Li 40 700 kJ/ngay va hiéu sudt sir dung nhiét 1a 74%, Bi 1 binh ga nhv trén 1a | trigu 400 nghin déng. Sé tién ga ma quan &n phai bd ra trong 1 nim Li A. 11 800 000 ding. B. 14 400 000 déng. C12 600 000 ding D. 12 000 000 ding. Cfu 36. Binh “ga” sir dung trong h6 gia dinh ¥ c6 chita 9,1 kg khi hoa long (LPG) gm propan va butan véi ti 1é mol twrong img 1a 3: 4. Khi durge dt chay hoan to’n, 1 mol propan ‘6a ra lung nbigt 14 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan t6a ra lugng nhigt 1a 2850 kJ. Trung binh, luomg nhiét tiéu thy tir 4ét khi “ga” cla hd gia dinh Y trong img voi bao nhiéu sé dign? (Biét higu sudt sir dung dign fa 50% va 1 sé dign ~ 1 kWh = 3600 kJ) A. 72:86. B.94 si C. 86 86, D. 78 sé. ‘Cfu 37. Trong 1é gach, nhiét Iugng cin cung cép dé nung thanh cdng 1 vién gach la 1725,276 J. Luong nhigt nay duge Liy ti phan ting dét chay than. Hay tinh m kg than cin dét chay trong lé gach dé nung thinh céng 1000 vign gach. hé sé sir dung mhiét cia 16 1a 70%. Than co chita 94% cacbon vé khéi lgng. Khi dét chdy hon to’n 1 mol cacbon hong nhiét t6a ra ka 393,3 ky. A. 80 kg. B. 75 kg. C.90 kg, D.85 kg.Céiu 38. Cho biét dé dura 1 gam nude én 1°C thi cin 4,184 J. Biét ring 1 mol butan chay téa ra 2807,2 kJ va 1 mol propan chay toa ra 2214,7 kJ. Néu sit dung | binh ga 12 kg voi ti lé sé. mol propan va butan la (1:2) thi c6 thé dun s6i bao nhiéu lit nude tir 25°C néu higu suat sir dung mhigt 1 68%. AL 1272 lit B. 1362 lit. ©. 1675 lit D, 1426 ‘Cfu 39. Binh “ga” loai 12 edn sir dung trong hd gia dinh e6 chita 12 kg khi héa long (LPG) gdm propan va butan v6i ti 1é mol tuong ing la 1 : 2. Khi duge dét chay hodin toan, 1 mol propan toa ra long nhit fa 2220 kJ va 1 mol butan t6a ra Iwong nbiét 1a 2874 kJ. Trung binh moi ngay, mét hé gia dinh can dét gas dé cung cp 9960 kJ nhiét (c6 39.2% nhiét dét chay bj that thoat ra ngoai méi trudmg), Sau | nam thi hé gia dinh nay 44 str dung hét bao nhiéu binh. ga nbur tren? A. 7 binh, B. 8 binh, C.9 inh, D. 10 binh, Cfiu 40. Binh gas loai 12 kg chita chu yéu thanh phan chinh 1a propan, butan (ti 1é thé tich twrong img 1 30 : 70). Dé tao mai cho khi gas, nha sn xuat da pha tr6n thém chat tao mbi dae trung nhu CHsSH (mii t6i, hinh tay). Lung nhiét toa ra khi dét chy hodn toan 1 mol propan va 1 mol butan lan lugt 1a 2220 kI vi 2874 kJ; gia sir mot ho gia dinh c&n 6000 KI nhigt méi ngay (higu suat hp thy nhiét 60%), Cho cae phat biéu sau: (a) Muc dich cia vige thém CH,SH dé gitip phat hign Khi gas khi bi 16 ri (b) Ti 18 khéi long propan : butan trong binh gas 1a 50 : 50. (c) Nhiét long hé gia dinh trén thyc té tigu ton mdi ngay Li 10000 KJ. (a) H6 gia dinh trén siz dung hét mét binh gas trong 99,5 ngay. S6 phat biéu ding 1a A3, B.2. mA, D4.pAP AN CHI TIET Huwéng din giai Ta dat: nes 2x, neato = 3x > myn = 44,2x + 58.3x = 12000 = x= 45,8015 mol. Téng Iugng nhiét cé ich thu duge khi dét hét binh gas trén li: Q = 67,3%(2220.2x + 2850.3x) = 400409 kJ. — Sé ngay sir dung = 400409/10000 = 40 ngay. Chon C. Cau 2, Huéng din gi Igucoxo = 500.1,02.5%/180 = 17/120 mol. ‘Nang lugng t6i da: 17/120.2803 = 397,09 ki. Chon B. Cau 3. Huéng din Nhiét lugng toa ra la: Q = 25.4,2.(39 - 32) = 735 (J). Phan ting xy ra: Fe + CuSO; > FeSO; + Cu 86 mol Fe = 0,5/56 > s6 mol CuSOs = 0,2.25/1000 = 0,005 (mol) = Al 735/0,005 = 147 000 J = 147 (kJ). Chon C. Cau 4,Huéng din gi Ha(k) + 1/202 (ke) + H20 ()AcH°298 = -285,84 kJ $6 mol Ho: 40,32/22,4 = 1,8 mol 86 mol Oz: 24,64/22,4 = 1,1 mol Vay nhiét luong toa ra dug tinh theo 86 mol H2 la: 285,84.1,8 = 514,512 kJ S6 Am nude ¢6 thé dirge dun séi la: $14,512.60%/44,1 ‘Chon D. ‘Cau 5. Huéng din giai: Ta dat nicsis = 3x, neato = Sx > meas = 44,2 + $8.3 — x= 106,6351 mol. ‘Téng hugng nhiét e6 ich thu duge khi dét hét binh gas trén Li: Q = 74%(2220.3x + 2850.5x) = 1650007 kl. — Binh gas da sir dung = 365.36100/1650007 = & binh. Chon C. Chu 6. Huéng din giai: $6 mol butan: 176/44 = 4 mol. Nhiét lugng t6a ra tir phan ting dét chay butan Li: 4.0,8.2497,66 = 7992,512 kJ. Téng ning lugng duge sit dung cho den: 7992,512.75% = 5994,384 KI. M&i ngay sir dung can tiéu tn 6.72 + 30 = 462 kl, Vay thai gian sir dung la: 5994,384/462 = 13 ngay. Chon D. Cau 7. Huéng din gi Phan img téng hop glucozo trong cy xanh cin duge cung cAp nang lrgng 1a 2813 kJ cho mdi mol glucoze tgo thanh. 6COz + GH3O +2813 kJ > CoHi20s + 602 (1) Nang long ma 1 m? (1 m?= 100? em?) lé xanh nbn duge trong théi gian 11 gid (11 gis = 11.60 phiit) a8 ding vao vie téng hgp glucozo la: 1,(100)2.2,09.10%.11.60 = 1379400 J =1379.4 ky. ‘Theo phuong trinh (1) ta thay dé ting hgp duge 180 gam glucozo thi cin mét nang lugng |i 2813 kJ. Vay néu duge cung cAp 1379,4 kJ nang lugng thi cay xanh sé tang hgp duge long glucozo la 1379,4.180/2813 ~ 88,26 gamChon B. Cau 8. Huong din giai (CHa) + 20209 * CO2n + 2H201 AH?= -890 (ki/mol) 1/890 — ky Cin + Ox + CO AH? = -394 (ki/mol) 1394-1 idm phat thai khi COz (cho 1 kJ) khi dét chay than va metan la: rou 324890 100% = 55,73% 304 Vay, khi dét chay khi metan c6 thé giam phat thai khi CO: so vai dét chdy than 1a $5,73%. Chon C. Cau 9, Huéng din giai Nhigt lugng dé dura 1 it nue tir 25° Len 100" bi: (100 ~ 25) « 4,18 13,512 _ Kh6i long than (75% C) edn ding las <> =o = 12,73(8) Chon C, Chu 10, Huéng din giai ness = 3x mol cao = 4x mol ‘Mkhi gas = 44.3x + 58.4x = 12000 — x = 32,97 —> Luong nhigt t6a ra khi dét chy hét 12 kg khi ga trén la 98,91.2220 + 131,88.2850 = 595438,2 kJ Vi H = 79% — nhigt sir dung thye té la 595438,2 x 79% = 470396,178 kI — Sé ngay gia dinh Y str dung hét binh ga la 627" ~ 47 ngay, Chon A. Cau 11, Huéng din gidi Goi 3x 1a sé mol cla propane trong binh gas. ~ x la sé mol cua butane trong binh gas. Khai long 19 kg khi gas biing 44.3x + 58.x = 19.1000 (gam) = x = 100 (mol) 1 mol propane chay t6a ra 2.000 kJ nhiét hrong,1 mol butane chay ta ra 2 400 kJ nhiét hrong. ‘Téng nit lugng t6a ra khi dét chay hoan to’n mot binh gas 19kg li 300.2000 + 100.2400 = 840000 kJ S6 ngay ma hé gia dinh sir dung hét binh gas la 840000,0,85/10000 = 71 ngay Chon C. Cau 12. Huéng din giai Nhiét lugng can dé lim néng 10 lit nude tir 25°C dén 100°C a. 1.10000 x4,2x75 = 175000] 18 Luong than can dét dé cung cap nhiét lugng cho 1 lit nude tir 25°C dén 100°C Ia. 175000 23000x70% ‘0° Chon D. Cau 13. Huéng din +0: C02 S+O2— SO ne = 2400.85%/12 = 170 mol nis = 2400.224/32 = 1,5 mol Nhigt lugng nhan duge khi dt 1,8 kg than: Q= 350.170 + 1,5,320 = 59980 kJ Nhigt lurgng nay tong durong véi $9980/3600 = 16,66 s6 din Chon D. Cau 14, Huéng din gi ‘Dé cung cp Q kJ nhiét Ingng cho dun nau: + Néu diing biogas thi ncus = Q/890 ‘icon phait thai = nens = Q/890 + Néu ding gas thi ncsyis = 2x va nego = 3x, > Q=2220.2x +2850.3x + x = Q/12990 noo? thai = 3.2x + 4.3x = 39/2165 > Q/890 nén vi cing 1 nhiét wong cung cap ra thi ding biogas s® thai it COz hon gas. Larong COn gidim = (3/2165 ~ Q/890)/(3Q/2165) = 18,91% Chon A.Cau 15. Huong din giai cvs = 4, thoi gian dén sing la x gid. Bao toan ning hrong: 2497,66.4.80% = 72x + x= 111 gid. Chon B. Chu 16, Huéng din giai Nieauss = 3x; noano =4x + 44.3x + 58.4x = 10,92.1000 + x =30 Nhigt lugng e6 ich = 50%(2220.3x + 2850.4x) = 2709003 $6 dign tuomg img = 270900/3600 = 75,25. Chon C. Cau 17, Huéng din giai Iiciis = 3x; camo =4X Nhigt lugng toa ra tit m gam than duge sit dung cho 16 nung vai la: Q soe = 393,3,94%.mn.70%/12 Nhiét lugng can dé phan hiyy | tan vai (10000 mol) Q nisin = 10000.159 + 393,3.94%.m.70%/12 = 10000.159 = m=73727 gam Chon A. Chu 18, Huéng din giai 1 lit née = 1000 gam nude Nang lugng cin dé chuyén 1 lit nude tir 25°C lén 75°C = 1000.4,184,75 = 313.800 J =313,8 kI = Muianaing aiccsy) = 313,8/2870,2 = 0,1093 (mol) ),1093.22,4 = 2,44 lit > Vowton dang acy) Chon A. Cau 19, Huong din gi Goi x la s6 mol cita propan trong binh gas. — 2x la sé mol cita butan trong binh gas. ‘Theo bai, ta c6: 44x + 58.2x = 12,1000 x= 75 ‘Téng nhigt lugng t6a ra khi dét chay hoan toan mét binh gas la:75.2220 + 2.75.2874 = 597600 kT 86 ngay ma hé gia dinh sir dung hét binh gas la 597600/9960.80% = 48 ngay. Chon D. Chu 20. Huéng din giai Goi sé mol CH:OH va C2HsOH trong 10g X lan lugt la a va b Ta c6: 32a + 46b=10 a 716a + 1370b=291.9 (2) Giai (1) va (2), ta duge: a= 0,025; b= 0,2 — Khéi lugng CH3OH Ia 32.0,025 = 0,8 (g) — Phan trim tap chat methanol trong X 1a 0,8/10.100 = 8% Chon B. Chu 21, Metan Axetilen 1300.1/26 = 50 Etan 1560.1/30 = 52 Propan 2220.1/42 = 52,86 Chon C. ‘Cau 22. Huéng din giai Ta cé: Acne = 17x; nea = 2x = 16.17 + 30.2x = 13.108 + x = 39,17 Theo phan tmg thi 1 mol CH, chy sé tao ra 890,36 kJ va | mol CoHe chay sé tao ra 1559.7 kT —+ Nhigt luong khi d6t chiy CH: va CoHe = 17x.890,36 + 2x.1559,7 = 715068,72 kl — Sé ngay dé sir dung hét binh ga la 715068,72/10000.60% = 43 ngay. ‘Chon A, Cau 23, Huéng din giai $6 mol CaO t6i thiéu cin ding la: 156.9 : 81,9 = 1.9157 (mol) Khdéi hrgng CaO tdi thiéu cin c6 dé goi nhiét hoat dong = 1,9157 . 56 = 107,28 gam. Chon A. Chu 24,Huéng din Dat s6 mol ctia CsHs = 3x mol va CsHio = 4x mol + 44.3x + 58.4x = 10.92.1000 = x = 30 Nhigt lurong €6 ich = 49,83% (2221 3x + 2850.4x) = 270023 KI 86 dign tong img = 27023/3600 = 75 sé dién. Chon C. Cau 25. Huéng din gidi myo = 2000.1 = 2000 gam. Céng thite tinh: Q = m.c.At ‘Nhiét lugng can ding dé dua 2 lit nude tir 25°C lén 100°C la 2000.4,18.(100 — 25) = 627000) = 627 kJ Ta C6: nestt0 cin ding.2497.60% = 627 — neaiio cin ding = 0,4185 mol 24,273 gam, Vay neat Chon C. Cau 26. Huéng din giai + DOE LTitES: ‘011 = 1000.5%.0,8/46 = 0,8696 ican = 4X; ficonz0 = 3X > 114.Ax + 128.3x = 1000.95%.0,7 x = 0,7917 = noo: = 0,8696.2 + 8.4x +9.3x = 48,4495 * Dat 1 lit xang truyén théng: nicoa = (8.4x + 9.3x),1000/950 = 49,1687 + a= (49,1687 — 48,4495)/49,1687 = 1,46% Chon A, Cau 27, mai Huéng din giai Neausou= 650.5% 0,8/46 = 5,6522 mol nC8HI8 = 4x; nC9H20 = 3x + 1144x + 128.3% = 6500.95%.0,7 + x= 5,1458 Xe chay duge y km thi hét 6,5 lit xing, bao toan nang lrgng: (5,6522.1365 + 5072.4x + 6119,3x).40% = 212y = y= 390 km, Chon B. Chu 28,Huéng din gi Natucoxo = 500.1,03.9%/180 = 0,2575 mol. Nang hugng nhiin duge: 0,2575.2803.67% = 483,59 kJ. Chon B. Cau 33, Huéng din giai: Nhiét lugng toa ra la: Q = 25. 4,2.(39 - 33) = 630 (J). Phan img xay ra: Zn + CuSOy > ZnSOx + Cu $6 mol Zn = 1/56 > s6 mol CuSOs = 0,3.25/1000 = 0,0075 (mol) => AH = 630/0,0075 = 84 000 J = 84 (kJ). Chon C. ‘Cfiu 34, Huéng din gidi: Ha(k) + 1/202 (k) > H20 (J) AcH®20s = -285,71 kJ Dat sé mol H2 can ding la x mol Nhiét lugng téa ra: 285,71.x = 400000 kJ = x= 1400 mol. — Khéi lugng H2 can ding la: 1400.2 = 2800 gam = 2.8 kg. Chon D. Cau 35, Huéng dan giai Ta dat: niesit = 3x, neato = 5x > mus = 44.2x + 58.3x = 45000 = x= 106,6351 mol ‘Tong lugng nhiét c6 ich thu duge khi dét hét binh gas trén la: Q= 74%(2220.3x + 2850.5x) = 1650007 ku. — Binh gas str dung trong 1 nam = 365.40700/1650007 = 9 binh — Sé tin: 9.140000 = 12 600 000 ding. Chon C. Chu 36, Huéng din giai Rewis = 3x; Neato =4x + 44.3x + 58.4x = 9,1.1000 + x = 25 Nhigt lugng 6 ich = 75%(2220.3x + 2850.4x) = 338625 kJSé dién tong img = 338625/3600 = Chon B. Cau 37. 14,06. Huéng dan giai Ness = 3x; Neano =4x ‘Nhiét yong t6a ra tir m gam than duoc sir dung cho 6 gach 1a: Q toa = 393,3.94%.m,_70%/ 12 ‘Nhiét lwgng can dé nung thanh céng 1000 vién gach li: Q sini = 10000.159 + 393,3.94%.n.1000.70%/12 = 1000.1725,276 — m=80 kg Chon A. ‘Cfiu 38. Huéng din giai Nang lugng can dé chuyén 1 lit nude tir 25°C lén 75°C = 1000.4,184,75 = 313.800 J=313,8 kI csi =X; Mewto = 2X — 44,3x + 58.2: 12.1000 — x = 75 Nhigt rong e6 ich = 68%(2214,7.x + 2807,2.2x) = 399284,1 kI lit nude dun séi duge = 399284,1/313,8 = 1272,416. Chon A. Ciiu 39, Huéng din gidi Goi x la sé mol cua propan trong binh gas. — 2x 1a sé mol cita butan trong binh gas. Theo bai, ta c6: 44x + 58.2x = 12.1000 + x = 75 ‘Téng nit hung t6a ra khi dét chay hoan to’n mot binh gas fa 75.2220 + 2.75.2874 = 597600 kI ‘Téng nit lugng ma hd gia dinh edn trong 1 nam 1a: 9960.365 = 3.635.400 KI Sé binh gas ma h6 gia dinh sit dung la 3635400/(597600,60,8%) = 10 binh, Chon D. Cau 40. Huéng din (a) Ding, propan, butan la ede khi khong mui, vi vay edn thm CH3SH dé tao mui gidp phat hign sém gas bi r5 ri. (b) SaiNess : Neda = 3 : 7 > means : Mean = 3.44 : 7.58 = 66 : 203 (c) Dang Lung nhiét thye té = 6000/60% = 10000 kJ/ngay (4) Sai Ness = 3x, nea = 7X + 44.3x + 58.7x = 12000 > x = 22,305 Bao toan nang luong: 2220.3x + 2874.7x = 10000 = (Sé ngay sir dung) — Sé ngay sir dung = 59,73 ngay ‘Chon B. HET.