EFFICACY OF Structured EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET DIABETES 1

EFFICACY OF Structured EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET DIABETES 2
Figure 7.1.Walking Figure 7.3 Biceps Curls

Figure 7.2. Bridging

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET 3
Figure 7.4 Hamstring Curls

Figure 7.5 Quadriceps Extension

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET 4
 1. GENDER DISTRIBUTION IN THE STUDY

A total of 40 subjects were taken for the study. Out of 40 subjects 20 were males and 20

were females

Groups Group A Group B Total Percentage

Males 9 11 20 50%
Females 11 9 20 50%
Total 20 20 40 100%
Table 8.1: - Gender Distribution

Gender wise Genderwise distribution in

distributionin
Exercise Group
Female Male
45% 45%
Female
Male 55%
55%

Female Male

Graph 8.1: - Gender Distribution

Interpretation – The gender ratio for Group A was 9:11 (9 males and 11 females). Group B
was 11:9 (11 males and 9 females).

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET 3
 2. AGE DISTRIBUTION
Age group of all subjects ranged between 30- 50 years. The mean age of Group A was 51.16

and that of Group B was 54.8.

Groups Mean Age (years) ± SD

Group A 44.28 + 3.4

Group B 44.75 + 4.6

Table 8.2: - Age Distribution

Interpretation – The difference in mean age of the two groups was statistically

significant(p=0.001 ).

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET 3
 3. HbA1c Level
Table 8.3 HbA1c

Parameters Group A Group B p Value

HbA1c

PRE 6.32+0.15 6.29+0.12 0.503

POST 6.08+0.20 5.53+0.15 0.001

6.295 6.32

6.4

6.2

5.8

5.6
5.4
Exercise
Exercise Control Control
5.2
Pre Post
5 HBA1c

Graph 1.3:- HbA1c

Interpretation - Table 3 and Graph 3 shows the comparison of mean and standard deviation

of pre and post values of Group A and B in HbA1c.

In Group A, the HbA1c level on pre intervention was 6.32+0.15 which was reduced to a mean

of 6.08+0.20 on post intervention. The p value by Paired t- test was found to be <0.503

which is statistically significant. Whereas In Group B, the HbA1c level on pre intervention

was 6.29+0.12 which was reduced to a mean of 5.53+0.15 on post intervention. The p value

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW
ONSET DIABETES
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 by

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW
ONSET DIABETES
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 Paired t- test was found to be <0.001 which is statistically extremely significant.

4. Fasting Blood Glucose

Parameters Group A Group B p Value

FBG
PRE 5.62+0.30 5.93+0.22 0.002

POST 5.61+0.38 5.59+0.21 0.001

Table 8.4: FBG Distribution.

5.8

5.6 5.535

5.4

5.2

5
Exercise Control Exercise
Control Pre Post
HBA1c

Graph 8.4: -

Interpretation- Table 4 and Graph 4 shows the comparison of mean and standard deviation of

pre and post values of Group A and B in Fasting blood glucose.

In Group A, the mean FBG score on pre intervention was 5.62+0.30 which was improved to a

mean of 5.61+0.38 on post intervention. The p value by Paired t- test was found to be 0.002

which is statistically significant. In Group B, the mean FBG score on pre intervention was

5.61+0.38 which was improved to a mean of 5.59+0.21 on post intervention. The p value by

Paired t- test was found to be <0.0001 which is statistically extremely significant.

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW
ONSET DIABETES
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 5. BMI

Parameters Group A Group B p Value

BMI
PRE 27.31+1.64 27.3+1.65 0.001
POST 26.23+1.57 23.06+1.57 0.001

Table 8.5 BMI Level Interpretation

5.8

5
G.6raph 8.5 5.535

5.4

5.2

5
Exercise Control Exercise rol

Cont Pre
Post

Interpretation- Table 5 and Graph 5 shows the comparison of mean and standard deviation of
pre and post values of Group A and B in BMI.
In Group A, the mean BMI score on pre intervention was 27.31+1.64 which was improved to a
mean of 26.23+1.57 on post intervention. The p value by Paired t- test was found to be <0.001
which is statistically extremely significant. In Group B, the mean BMI score on pre intervention
was 27.3+1.65 which was improved to a mean of 23.06+1.57 on post intervention. The p value
by Paired t- test was found to be <0.0001 which is statistically extremely significant.

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW
ONSET DIABETES
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 6. QUALITY OF LIFE (GROUP A)

Quality of life Pre Post p value

Physical functioning 81.20 83.70 0.123
Physical limitations 62.55 68.30 0.001
Role of emotions 72.80 73.80 0.362
Vitality 62.35 64.40 0.003
Mental health 73.55 76.40 0.001
Social functioning 68.35 70.90 0.028
Pain 73.60 77.55 0.024
General health 67.20 69.85 0.001
Table 8.5:- Quality of Life

Interpretation: - Table 5 and Graph 5 shows the comparison of mean and standard

deviation of pre and post values of Group A in quality-of-life questionnaire (Sf- 36).

In Group A, the mean Sf- 36 score on pre intervention for physical functioning was

81.20±5.98 which improved to a mean of 83.70±3.452 on post intervention, the mean on pre

intervention for physical limitation was 62.05±5.53 which improved to a mean of 68.80±6.16,

the mean on pre intervention for role of emotions was 72.80.2±6.97 which improved to a mean

of 73.80±6.68 the mean on pre intervention for vitality was 62.35±3.55 which improved to a

mean of 64.40±3.47, the mean on pre intervention for mental health was 73.55±2.96 which

improved to a mean of 76.40±4.00, the mean on pre intervention for social functioning was

68.35±5.28 which improved to a mean of 70.90±5.60, the mean on pre intervention for pain

was 73.60±4.52 which improved to a mean of 81.15±5.21 and the mean on pre intervention

for general health was 67.20±5.98 which improved to a mean of 69.85±5.53 on post

intervention. The p value by Paired t- test for all the above parameters was found to be

statistically extremely significant.

EFFICACY OF STRUCTURED EXERCISE PROTOCOL ALONG WITH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN Covid INDUCED NEW ONSET 38
DIABET
 7. QUALITY OF LIFE (GROUP B)

Quality of life Pre Post p value

Physical functioning 77.25 85.65 0.001
Physical limitations 66.20 75.25 0.001
Role of emotions 64.65 71.50 0.001
Vitality 71.35 77.70 0.025
Mental health 74.75 80.70 0.001
Social functioning 70.20 75.50 0.028
Pain 73.60 81.15 0.001
General health 71.05 83.00 0.001
Table 8.6: - Quality of Life
Interpretation: - Table 6 and Graph 6 shows the comparison of mean and

standard deviation of pre and post values of Group B in quality-of-life

questionnaire (Sf- 36).

In Group B, the mean Sf- 36 score on pre intervention for physical functioning

was 77.25±3.85 which improved to a mean of 85.65±4.48 on post intervention,

the mean on pre intervention for physical limitation was 66.20±5.43 which

improved to a mean of 75.25±7.27, the mean on pre intervention for role of

emotions was 64.65±5.96 which improved to a mean of 71.50±6.68, the mean

on pre intervention for vitality was 71.35±8.26 which improved to a mean of

77.70±9.23 , the mean on pre intervention for mental health was 74.75±4.46

which improved to a mean of 80.70±6.80, the mean on pre intervention for

social functioning was 70.20±6.14which improved to a mean of 75.50±5.60 ,

the mean on pre intervention for pain was 73.60±4.52 which improved to a

mean of 81.15±5.21 and the mean on pre intervention for general health was

71.05±4.53 which improved to a mean of 83.00 ±5.65 on post intervention.

The p value by Paired t- test for all the above parameters was found to
be

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<0.0001 which is statistically extremely significant.

8.6 Graph represents comparison of Quality of life

between Group A and Group B

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