CHEMICAL PROCESS Calcination

INDUSTRIES (Application: cement)

1
Q 6
Q
Addition of alkyl radical with side chain final
Creation of carbonyl compounds
product

A A
Carbonylation
Alkylation
(Applications: petroleum, organic chemicals)
7
Q
2 Creation of carboxylate salts
Q
A
Creation of amine group by addition of
Carboxylation
ammonia
8
A Q
Amination by ammonolysis Combination of two organic molecules
(Applications: dyestuffs, synthetic fibers,
A
organic chemicals)
Condensation
3 (Application: synthetic perfumes)
Q
Creation of amine group by adding hydrogen
9
Q
gas
Separation of long C-C chains into smaller
A chains
Amination by reduction
A
(Applications: dyestuffs, organic chemicals)
Pyrolysis or cracking
4
Q 10
Q
Creation of amine group by oxidation
Process used in destructive distillation of coal
A and petroleum
Ammonoxidation
A
(Applications: plastics, synthetic fibers)
Pyrolysis or cracking
5
Q 11
Q
Process of heating limestone to produce lime
Production of cyanide
A
A
 Cyanidation or cyanation Another term for double decomposition
(switching of ion pairs in inorganic chemicals)
12
Q A
Creation of cyclic compounds from C-C Metathesis

chains 18
A Q
Triggered when acid is added to alcohol
Cyclization
(Application: petroleum) A
13 Esterification
Q (Applications: oils and fats, soaps)
Removal of water
19
A Q
Dehydration
Addition of halogen to organic compound
14 performed with or without light
Q
A
Removal of hydrogen Halogenation

A 20
Dehydrogenation Q
Addition of water
(Application: synthetic rubber)

15 A
Hydration
Q
Occurs between diazonium ions and the 21
phenolic tyrosine, resulting in three new
Q
typical peaks in the SERS spectrum of the Production of aldehydes from alkenes

azo dye A
Hydroformylation
A
Diazotization and coupling 22
Q
16 Another term for hydroformylation
Q
Simultaneous reduction and oxidation
A
Oxo Synthesis
A
Disproportionation 23
Q
17 Addition of hydrogen
Q
A
Hydrogenation 29
(Applications: fats and waxes, coal Q
hydrogenation, petroleum) Applications of polymerization

24 A
Q Petroleum
Cleavage of bonds by the addition of water Plastics
Elastomers
A
Hydrolysis Synthetic fibers

25 30
Q Q
Oxidation of CH into COH Production of benzenesulfonic acid by adding
SO₃ and H₂SO₄
A
Hydroxylation A
(Application: detergent) Sulfonation
(Application: dyestuffs)
26
Q 31
Transformation of molecules into a different Q
isomer Conversion of carbonyl group to thiocarbonyl

A A
Thionation
Isomerization
(Application: petroleum) 32
Q
27
Manufacture of paper from pulp employing
Q
the Fourdrinier machine
Introduction of nitrogen group into an organic
compound A
Kraft Processes
A
33
Nitration
Q
(Applications: explosives, dyestuffs)
Method of recovering hydrogen from water
28 gas; carbon dioxide is reacted with steam at
Q 500°C in the presence of catalyst to form CO
Conversion of monomers to macromolecular and H₂
complexes through a finite degree of
A
polymerization Bosch Process
A 34
Oligomerization
Q
Recovering copper from its sulfide ores by Rubber reclaiming process in which
leaching with cupric and sodium or calcium vulcanized scraps are introduced into a mixer
chloride solution and electrolyzing. Product is where, in the presence of air, it is worked
CuCl₂ (cupric chloride) under pressure and at high T for a very short
time
A
Hoepner Process A
Banbury Process
35
Q 39
Copper or iron sulfides fused and blown with Q
air to burn out the sulfur content Sulfonation and extraction process in the
manufacture of phenol
A
Holloway Process A
36 Dennis Bull Process
Q
40
Formation of rust-resistant coating on iron Q
base metal by oxidation with superheated
Soda ash manufacture
steam
A
A Solvay Process
Barff Process
41
37 Q
Q Production of ammonia by direct combination
Reduction of lead ores, small charge is
of N₂ and H₂ at 600°C under 200-300 atm in
roasted slowly at low T, lead being collected
the presence of a catalyst
outside the furnace by means of heat
A
A Haber-Bosch Process
Carinthian Process

38 42
Q Q
Process of recovering sulfur from the buried
Method of recovering gold and silver from
porous cap rock of a salt dome and delivering
their ores into a soluble form by treatment
it above ground as a product of suitable purity
with cyanides
and condition for use
A
A
Cyanidation Process
Frasch Process
39 43
Q Q
 Extraction of aluminum from bauxite Oxygen is produced by fraction of air using

A A
Hall’s Process
Linde’s Process and Claude’s Process
44 50
Q Q
Catalyst used in manufacture of sulfuric acid
Raw materials for Solvay Process
by chamber process
A
A Salt, limestone, ammonia, coke oven gas
Oxides of nitrogen

45 51
Q Q
Economics of the Solvay Process depends
Catalyst used in manufacture of sulfuric acid
upon the efficiency of
by contact process

A A
Ammonia recovery and size of plant
V₂O₅ (vanadium oxide) on a porous carrier

46 52
Q Q
Components of cement
Why is SO₃ absorbed in 97% H₂SO₄ in the
contact process? A
CaO, SiO₂, Al₂O₃
A
Water forms an acid mist which is difficult to
53
Q
absorb
Permanent hardness of water is due to the
47 presence of ______
Q
TRUE or FALSE: Contact process yields
A
Sulphides and chlorides of Mg and Ca
higher concentration than chamber process

A 54
True Q
Widely used method for conditioning of boiler
48
feed water
Q
Components of producer gas A
Hot-lime soda process
A
CO, CO₂, H₂, N₂ 55
49 Q
Use of hydrazine
Q
A 62
Rocket fuel Q
56 Catalyst used in hydrogenation of oil
Q A
Trinitro-toluene is a/an _____. Nickel

A 63
Explosive Q
57 Components of metallic soap
Q A
A mixture of glycerides of fatty acids
Aluminum and calcium salt of fatty acids
A 64
Oils
Q
58 Fat-splitting catalyst
Q
A
Mixture of esters of polyhydric alcohols
ZnO
except glycerin
65
A Q
Wax
Free alkali in toilet soap is _____ than
59 laundry soap
Q
A
Unsaturated oils have ____ melting point,
Less
and _____ reactivity to oxygen compared to
saturated oils
66
Q
A Use of builders in soap
Lower, Higher
A
60
Boosts cleaning power
Q
Rancidity of oil can be reduced by 67
Q
A
Hydrogenation Detergents which are easily oxidized

61 A
Q Biodegradable detergents
Solvent used for extraction of oil 68
A Q
Methyl ethyl ketone Alkyl benzene sulfonate is a/an _____.

A
 Detergent
Why is SO₂ bubbled through hot sugar cane
69 juice?
Q
A
Yellow glycerin can be made into white using
It acts as an acidifying agent
____.
76
A Q
Activated Carbon
Substance that increases the strength of tires
70
Q A
Carbon black
Method used to obtain essential oils
77
A Q
Steam distillation
Common hydrocarbon gas liquids
71
Q A
Butane and propane
Function of plasticizers in paints
78
A Q
Give elasticity and prevent cracking of film
Refers to gases produced during oil
72 production
Q
A
Which oil is preferred in paint manufacturing? Associated gas

A 79
Drying oil Q
73 Gases separated during oil refining
Q
A
Function of thinner in paints Refinery gas

A 80
Suspends pigments and dissolves film- Q
forming materials Catalyzed reaction of carbon monoxide and
hydrogen to form hydrocarbons
74
Q A
Function of enamels Fischer-Tropsch Process

A 81
Give good glossy finish Q
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis feed quality
75
Q guidelines
A C12 to C18

< 1 ppm sulfur 88

< 1% aromatics Q
82 Range of carbon chain lengths for lubricating
Q oil

Ideal catalyst for light component production A

in Fischer-Tropsch gasoline C16 to C22

A 89
Iron Q
83 Range of carbon chain lengths for residue,
Q asphalt, and paraffin waxes

Ideal catalyst for heavy component A

production in Fischer-Tropsch diesel and > C20

waxes 90
A Q
Nickel Process of producing 1,3-propanediol using

84 E. coli in a bioreactor
Q A
Range of carbon chain lengths for LPG gas Dupont Process

A 91
C1 to C4 Q
85 Precursor of nylon-6
Q A
Range of naphtha carbon chain lengths Caprolactam

A 92
C5 to C12 Q
86 Where is the major source of cheap natural
Q gas located?

Range of kerosene carbon chain lengths A

Middle East
A
C6 to C12

87
Q
Range of carbon chain lengths for diesel and
gasoline