Slope Deflection Method:

Frames
Structural Analysis II
 10kN/m 10kN

A 2I B 2I C
I
4m 20kN

I
4m
E 2m

Analyse the structure by slope deflection method and

Example 4 sketch the BM and SF diagrams
𝑀𝐹𝐴𝐵 = −13.33𝑘𝑁𝑚, 𝑀𝐹𝐵𝐴 = 13.33𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −20 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐹𝐵𝐸 = −10𝑘𝑁𝑚, 𝑀𝐹𝐸𝐵 = 10𝑘𝑁𝑚

3
Span A-B
3∆
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝑀𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 2𝐸𝑘 2 𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵 −
𝑙
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −13.33 + 2 0 + 𝜃𝐵 − 0
4
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −13.33 + 𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 13.33 + 2𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵

4
Span B-E
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐸 = −10 + 2𝜃𝐵 + 0 − 0
4
𝑀𝐵𝐸 = −10 + 𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵
𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐸𝐵 = 10 + 𝜃𝐵
2
5
Equilibrium
𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐸 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0

13.33 + 2𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 − 10 + 𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 −20 = 0

5.557
𝜃𝐵 =
𝐸𝐼

6
 Moments
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −7.77kNm, 𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 24.45 kNm

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −20 kNm , 𝑀𝐵𝐸 = −4.44 kNm , 𝑀𝐸𝐵 = 12.78 kNm

7
 24
7.77 20

4.44

20

20

12.78
BM (kNm)
8
15.8
10

24.2
7.9

12 SF (kN)
9
Portal Frames with side
sway
Structural Analysis II
Slope deflection method
• Eccentricity or unsymmetrical loading on the
portal frames
• Unsymmetrical shape of the frames
• Different end conditions of the columns of the
portal frame
• Non uniform section of the members of the
frame
• Horizontal loading on the columns of the frame
• Settlement of the supports of the frame 11
W

12
 Case 1
Theory

B
W
C
?
h
P h1

h2 w/m

A 𝜃𝐵 , 𝜃𝐶 & 𝛿
D

13
 W
B C
Equilibrium Equation P
h
h
1
h w/
2 m

𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0 𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0 A

D

Shear Equation
𝑤 ℎ22
𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 − 𝑃ℎ 𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 +
𝐻𝐴 = 𝐻𝐷 = 2
ℎ1 ℎ2

෍ 𝐻 = 𝐻𝐴 + 𝐻𝐷 + 𝑃 − w ℎ2 = 0
14
 Case 2
Theory

B C 𝑤 ℎ12
𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 −
2 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶
h1 ℎ1 ℎ2
h2 + 𝑤ℎ1 = 0

A D

15
 Case 3
Theory

B C
P

h1 h2 𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶

+ +𝑃 =0
ℎ1 ℎ2

A
16
 Case 4
Theory

B C
h1 h2 𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶
+ =0
ℎ1 ℎ2

A
17
 Case 5
Theory

B C
h
h1 h2 P 𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑃ℎ
+ −𝑃 =0
ℎ1 ℎ2

A
18
 50kN
Example 2m 2m
B C
4m
5m EI =constant

A
Analyse the portal frame by slope deflection method and sketch

the BM/SF diagrams

19
𝑀𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −25𝑘𝑁𝑚, 𝑀𝐹𝐶𝐵 = 25 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑀𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 𝑀𝐹𝐵𝐴 = 𝑀𝐹𝐷𝐶 = 𝑀𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 0
𝛿 C 𝛿
B

A 20
 2𝐸𝐼 3𝛿 2𝐸𝐼 3𝛿
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐵 − 𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 2𝜃𝐵 −
B
𝛿 C𝛿 5 5 5 5

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −25 + 2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶
D 4
A 𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 25 + 𝜃𝐵 + 2𝜃𝐶
2
𝐸𝐼 3𝛿 𝐸𝐼 3𝛿
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 − 𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 −
2 4 2 4
21
 𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0
9 6𝛿 1
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 − + 𝜃𝐶 = 25
5 25 2
𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0
1 3𝛿 1
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 − + 2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 = −25
2 8 2

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0
𝐸𝐼 3𝛿
𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 − =0
2 4 22
 Shear Equation 𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴
𝐻𝐴 =
𝛿 C𝛿
5
B
𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶
𝐻𝐷 =
D
4
A
𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴 𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝑀𝐷𝐶
෍𝐻 = + =0
5 4
23
Shear Equation

෍𝐻

2𝐸𝐼 3𝛿 2𝐸𝐼 3𝛿
𝜃𝐵 − + 2𝜃𝐵 −
5 5 5 5
=
5
𝐸𝐼 3𝛿 𝐸𝐼 3𝛿
2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 − + 𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 −
2 4 2 4
+
4
=0 24
 9 1 6
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 − 𝛿 = 25
5 2 25
1 1 3𝛿
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 + 2𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 − = −25
2 2 8
1 3𝛿
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 − =0
2 8

6 3 3 567
𝐸𝐼 𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 − 𝛿 =0
25 8 8 2000 25
Calculator or Manual ?
26
 20.43 −19.14
𝜃𝐵 = , 𝜃𝐶 = ,
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
13.02 −9.2
𝜃𝐶 = ,𝛿 =
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼

27
Final Moment

2𝐸𝐼 3𝛿
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐵 − = 5.996kNm
5 5

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 14.138kNm , 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −14.138kNm,

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 16.075kNm, 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −16.075kNm
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0Nm

28
Thank You

29