ae — x be hel m Every personality is the product of heredity be and environment. Both contribute Significant ng towards the development of the child’s Personalit n” wm Learning and acquisition of experiences con. in tribute towards growth and development of personality. of EVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY Factors which directly or indirectly influence the growth and development of personality are broadly grouped into three general categories (Fig. 1). Biological Factors Internally Imposed Biological Conditions = Hereditary factors: A person's heredity is a key factor in personality development. It refers to the transmission of traits or genetic informationsoofipring. The indivdals gene Ie dserined a th ine of conn determine its physcal vane seats olor, blood group and speed of arowth real develope. These, in turn infinence salty and many aspects of humen rasa ptatary yard comic te lof man bod, over secretion leads ty Sate ecretion lads to deerfvn «ily Imposed Biological Conditions ‘preg abs and alcohol: Drug dependence and abseledsto personality disorganization « buewe eis found that during the acute stage Gao there i some marked alteration in the x Consequent to illest individeal toons an atitude of dependency, incompetency, tasers and lack of self-sufficiency. ‘The ‘sins showsirsitabiityand non-cooperation Tha dieses which are especally chronic may cxsesame tine permanent personality changes, + Diinateon: Thereare evidence of personality Pesdows with the victims of starvation. The 42 of sexi-starvation among men reveled ene atection in the personality structure ‘Ticrbchavior and manner become rough, moral sudards are reduced, they are preoccupied ‘i ides of food, become depressed, irritable, é ‘soda and lost their sense of humor. ody bilé: Body build influences personality by deecmining what a person can and a E A well as what the person's reaction Mates ce whose body builds are superior tiractiveness: An altactive person of Ys more (tray aPPealing than a person who Home pitied A well maintained homeostasis "eked, controled and socially acceptable Personality behav Dhyialy the level of hem lke icity nig he pron who ein td pcb. Whee, ity. ig Uncomfortable sts Socio-cultural Factors The millew in whieh perton creat Yo pa ce gestion of home affect the Surroundings ofan indivi Person, Immediate largely afk Physiological growth and hi a * Home envito 2 ment and patents: Family is « Brimary group of an individ. eo bas gros impact on indviduas personality development Ie provides bass for incon ane" ey ‘members, whieh child il generalize to neact With othec members of society The members af family are constanly contacting, bringing nto the home, assessing and cvaluaing the wold The home is crossroads on which ouside word comes constantly. Child may acquite «speci Personality role in the family group. Soon this role willbe recognized by his parents, sings and child himself. This proces of asuming the role helps in dealing with innate characteris and the personality pattern of the cd. The role of father and mother puts great effec on the development of personality and secured individual demi, For example, if father stese and rough and dsrogards most ofchikdsatention seeking device, the child go is threatened and hisher anxieties are aroused. Asa result hivher dependence om mother is heightened as else needs consolidation. IF mother respons positey to chil it will ead to development of rust, SO these kindof xprinss leads o develope secure personality and behaviors family neralize these behavior trust, and ultimately child wil ge pattern into society, School environment the school has to build up! and knowledge foundation wb! fat and teachers: Teachers tne chills motivation eh homebulldesPim motion with friends. School provides great Sree cna and afectv sil. In boos See ae par heel acon traditions and belief in hisfher personality and tits beet vane wy an ‘cultural traditions, Tig nee my PERSONALITY ‘Classifications of personality are as follow: According to Hippocrates Pethops the earliest known theory of personality is that of the Geeek physician Hippocrates (400 BC), eho characterized human behavior in terms of four temperaments, each astoclated with a different bodily fui, “humor (Table 1). ered Typesof Personality Characteristics bodyfuid types + tload + Sanguine + Optimist, hopeful PPX. + phlegm Phisgmatic + Slow andlethargic + blaccbile + Melancholic» Sad, depressed ‘Yellow bile + Cholerie © Angry According to Ernst Kretschmer He proposed types of personality according to body build (Fig. 2), ‘Asthenie én, ean) ee | |L_scrieehvete cherecersts. Srl {ait (alse ‘Aitc are the noma characlerstes. (-LPvini fat and he si + Pyinic ae tie man and depressive characterisies, "ig. 2: Est kretschmer cassicaion of personally ‘According to William Sheldon He developed & complete personality theoey based exe otton hag co a basic body types (Fig, 3), on “aeof pase MA { comorph —-Mesomorph—Endomont Shetdonclasteavon of pesoramy s Endomorphic: The endomorph is short and plum and sociable. He assumed tobe rlaned and sen tempered, Endomorph is associated with riscerotonic temperament + Fetomorphic: The ectomorph is tall, as and thin and seid to be restrained and self-conscious, Exomorph is assoclated with cerebrotonic temperament. 1 Mesomorphic: The mesomorpht is muscular and bavi set, he likes physical activities. Mesomarph is associated with somatotonic temperament, According to Carl Jung Jag clasifed the personality on the bass of pryho- gil characteristics of individuals (Table 2) * Extrover An extrovert is oriented. toward ‘temal and objective world. He s mote sociable ‘When extroverted individual fel stress he used ‘seek company of friends Inroe The nse soe tomar he toner and subjective world. He is shy and tends ‘2prefer alone. When he fel stress, be wir bins fom others. Arbivert: The ambiverted person isa mista of *hertroverted and inteoveried traits whcse mates and tered eters. ‘an ae end 367 serounsigs snd Precccipled wth thatown though 2nd ashe suirouncing pose, rot let eat adit wh sarong 1 ‘THEORIES/APPROACHES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT. Trove te mimber of personality development theories which define and explain development of Personality in diferent ovays, These theories are ‘grouped int four catagories Fig. a4 Specia oa enon Type and el pprone cts on pet sees aerocns ye aod ‘trond tee rinse rgd in sen Dynamic ou log pose = ti ek apa eanreenrs by which habe are acquired though tani conditioning o esrnig PEO: he emphasizes ongoing ine impulses and pryeho- basier wl esky hn maar fient f Tc sual re con ben van = Se Bier ane bee i ee indecision and weak i power are the hindrances frveig hel sumy gee st el Wilis the desze of a person seen through his aton performed knowingly oF unknowingly. cn a mayhav numberof desire ‘Thoagh wil he can decide which desire to fll, a deste to suppress oecuthe person tation forts fulfilment 3. Cognitive training: The deliberate, and know the consequences of his eineT gctions, He must 0 omen ‘Pat have far sight enough to Know perma and unwholesome d ‘child, Risonlya strong-willed student who rejects the bad temptations, unsocial and unhealthy impulses, controls his desires and proceeds fon the path of right action. Many weak-willed Sdolescents have been found to have ruined Formation of Character traits are depicted in their health by filling prey to such bad habits ® —Deyelopment of character depends on flowing: {uking masturbation and sodomy. i ‘sAppemon with song wil has determination to ‘achieve academic goal, the professional ambition,