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 ANGLO-CHINESE JUNIOR COLLEGE
MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT

MATHEMATICS
Higher 2 9740 / 01
Paper 1 18 August 2015
JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Time allowed: 3 hours

Additional Materials: List of Formulae (MF15)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Index number, Form Class, graphic and/or scientific calculator model/s on the cover page.
Write your Index number and full name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on your answer scripts.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of
angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use a graphic calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states
otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are not allowed in the question, you are
required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

This document consists of 6 printed pages.

[Turn Over
 ANGLO-CHINESE JUNIOR COLLEGE
MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT
JC2 Preliminary Examination 2015

MATHEMATICS 9740
Higher 2
Paper 1
/ 100
Index No: Form Class: ___________
Name: _________________________
Calculator model: _____________________
Arrange your answers in the same numerical order.
Place this cover sheet on top of them and tie them together with the string provided.

Question No. Marks

1 /3
2 /5
3 /6
4 /6
5 /8
6 /6
7 /9
8 /8
9 /9
10 /9
11 /10
12 /12
13 /9

Summary of Areas for Improvement

Careless Read/Interpret
Knowledge (K) Formula (F) Presentation (P)
Mistakes (C) Qn wrongly (R)

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 1
Page 2 of 6
 ∫ x √ ( 3 − x ) dx.
3 2
1 Use the substitution u = 3 − x 2 to find [3]

x+3 x
2 Using an algebraic method, solve the inequality ≥ . [3]
1 − x 2x + 1
3− x x
Hence solve the inequality ≥ [2]
1 + x 2 x −1

3 ABCD is a rectangular field whose sides, AB and BC, measure 2a m and a m respectively. A
road runs along the side AB. A man, starting from A, wishes to reach the opposite corner C in
the shortest possible time. He can walk along the road at 100 m per minute and across the
field at 60 m per minute. Find an expression for the time, in minutes, he will take if he walks
along the road to P, a point x m from B, and then across the field from P to C. [2]
Use differentiation to find, in terms of a, the value of x for the time taken to be the shortest
possible. Find, also, the shortest possible time taken, and prove that it is the minimum. [4]

4 In triangle ABC, AC = 1, BC = 3 and angle CAB = θ radians.

(i) Show that AB = cos θ + √ ( 9 − sin 2 θ ) . [3]
(ii) Given that θ is a sufficiently small angle, show that AB ≈ a + bθ + cθ 2 , for constants a,
b and c to be determined. [3]

dy −1
5 Given that (1 + x 2 ) = e tan x , where tan −1 x denotes the principal value, and that y = 1 when
dx
2
2 d y dy
x = 0, show that (1 + x ) 2 = (1 − 2 x ) . [2]
dx dx
By repeated differentiation of this result, find the Maclaurin series for y, in ascending powers
of x, up to and including the term in x3. [3]
−1 d y −1
Verify that y = e tan x is a solution of the differential equation (1 + x 2 ) = e tan x . [1]
dx
−1
Show that the series expansion for e tan x , up to and including the term in x3 , can be
−1
expressed as e tan x
= e x + kx3 , where the numerical value of k is to be determined. [2]

[Turn Over

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 1
Page 3 of 6
 y
6
1 x
y = cos cos x
2

π x
O α

x
The diagram shows the curve with equation y = cos cos x for 0 ≤ x ≤ π . The curve crosses
2
the y-axis at y = 1 and the x-axis at x = α and x = π .
(i) Find
2π
x
∫π33 cos 2 cos x dx ,
leaving your answer in the form a + b√2 + c√3, where a, b and c are rational numbers to
be determined. [5]
2π
x
(ii) Explain why ∫π 3 cos cos x dx is smaller than your answer in (i). You may make
3 2
reference to the graph. [1]

7 A sequence u1 , u2 , u3 , … is given by
 2n − 1 
u1 = −2 and un = un −1 + ln 1 + −2 for n ≥ 2.
 ( n − 1)2 
 
(i) Use the method of mathematical induction to prove that for all positive integers n,
u n = 2 ( ln n − n ) . [4]
n
eur
(ii) Hence find ∑ 2 in terms of n.
r =15 r
[3]
∞
eur
(iii) Give a reason why the series ∑
r =1 r
2
converges, and write down its exact value. [2]

8 In order to model a particular predator-prey relationship, a biology student came up with the
following differential equations:
dx x
= 1− (A)
dt 100
dy
= x − 100 (B),
dt
where the variables x and y denote the number (in thousands) of predator and prey
respectively, t days after the start of the observation. There were 50 000 predators at the start
of the observation.
(i) By solving equation (A), show that x = 100 − ke −0.01t , where k is a constant to be
determined. [4]
(ii) What can you say about the population of the predator after several years? [1]
(iii) In the long run, the model shows that number of prey approaches 5 million. Using your
answer in (i), find y in terms of t. [3]

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 1
Page 4 of 6
 1 2
9 The curve C is given by the equation y = + , x ≠ 0.
x x2
(i) Without using a calculator, find the set of values that y can take. [2]
(ii) Sketch the curve C, stating the equations of any asymptotes and the coordinates of any
turning points and points of intersection with the axes. [3]
1 2
Given that the solution of the inequality ax 2 + bx + c > + 2 is the set
x x
{ x ∈ ℝ : −1.5 < x < −1 or 1 < x < k} ,
find the values of a, b and c. [3]
Hence find the value of k. [1]

10 The points A and B have coordinates ( −1, 3, 3) and (1, k , 5) respectively, where k ∈ ℝ .
(a) (i) Find the length of projection of OB on OA in terms of k. [2]
(ii) State the value of k that gives the shortest length of projection. State also the
relationship between OA and OB at this value of k. [2]
(b) Let k = −2 . The point C is the reflection of the origin O in the line AB.
(i) Find the position vector of C. [3]
(ii) Find the exact area of the quadrilateral OACB. [2]

11 The complex numbers p and q are given by k + 2i and 3 − 3i respectively, where k ∈ ℝ ,

k >0.
(a) P( x ) is a polynomial of degree n with real coefficients where the coefficient of x n is 1.
Given that p and q are roots of P( x ) = 0 , state the least possible value of n. For this
value of n, express P( x ) as a product of quadratic factors with real coefficients. [3]
iq 2 9
(b) (i) The complex number has modulus and argument α , where −π < α ≤ π .
2p 4
Without using a calculator, find the exact values of k and α . [4]
2
q
(ii) Solve the equation iz 4 = − , expressing your answers in the form reiθ where
2p
r > 0 and −π < θ ≤ π . [3]

u u2
12 The curve C has parametric equations x = , y= , where u ≠ −1 .
1+ u 1+ u
dy
(i) Express in terms of u. [2]
dx
dy
(ii) Given that u is increasing at a rate of 2 units per second, find the rate at which is
dx
increasing when u = 1. [2]
(iii) Find the acute angle between the tangent at x = 0.5 and the normal at u = −0.5. [4]
(iv) The distinct points P and Q on the curve have parameters p and q respectively. If the
tangents at P and Q intersect the y-axis at the same point, show that p + q = 0 . [4]

[Turn Over

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 1
Page 5 of 6
13 The owner of a newly opened café decided to rent a painting from an artist as part of the
decoration of the café. They set about drafting up a contract for the terms of the rental.
The artist proposed a rental contract (Version 1) stating that the owner will pay the artist $15
for the 1st day of rental and for each subsequent day, the daily rental cost will increase by
$0.50.
(i) On which day of the rental will the owner first have to pay the artist more than $39 as
the daily rental rate? [2]

The owner proposed an alternative contract (Version 2), where the daily rental rate is such
that on the nth day of the rental, the amount of money, in dollars, the owner has to pay to the
artist is given by the function
12000
f ( n) = 2 .
4n + 4n − 3
A B
(ii) Express f ( n) in the form + , where A and B are constants to be
2n − 1 2 n + 3
determined. [1]
(iii) Hence show that with Version 2 of the contract, the total amount of money the artist
will receive at the end of m days of rental is
12000 ( m + 1)
4000 − . [3]
( 2m + 1)( 2m + 3)
(iv) The artist accepted Version 2 of the contract, and terminated the contract at the end of k
days. Given that the artist received more money in total from Version 2 than if he had
chosen Version 1, find the largest possible value of k. [3]

- End of Paper -

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 1
Page 6 of 6
2015 H2 Mathematics Prelim P1 solutions
1 du
u = 3 − x 2 , x 2 = 3 − u, = −2 x.
dx
1
1
∫ 2∫
3 2
x 3 − x d x = − ( 3 − u ) u 2
du
1 3
1
= − ∫ 3u 2 − u 2 du
2
1 5 3
= u2 −u2 + c
5
5 3
1
= ( 3 − x 2 ) 2 − ( 3 − x 2 ) 2 + c.
5
2 x+3 x
≥
1 − x 2x + 1
x x+3
⇒ − ≤0
2x +1 1− x
x x+3
⇒ + ≤0
2x +1 x −1
x( x − 1) + ( x + 3)(2 x + 1)
⇒ ≤0
(2 x + 1)( x − 1)
( x + 1) 2
⇒ ≤0
(2 x + 1)( x − 1)
∴− 12 < x < 1 or x = −1

Replace x by − x
⇒ − 12 < − x < 1 or − x = −1
⇒ −1 < x < 1
2 or x = 1
⇒ − 12 < x < 1
2
or x = 1 or x = −1
3 D C

A 2a − x P x B

2a − x x2 + a2
T= +
100 60
dT 1 1  2x 
=− +  
dx 100 60  2 x 2 + a 2 
dT 1 x
=0 ⇒ − + =0
dx 100 60 x 2 + a 2
x 1
⇒ =
3 x2 + a2 5
⇒ 25 x 2 = 9 ( x 2 + a 2 )
⇒ 16x 2 = 9a 2
3 3
⇒ x = a or x = − a (rejected)
4 4
 d 2T 1 1  2 x (2x) 
2
= 2 2 
x + a2 − 
dx 60 x + a  2 x2 + a2 
x2 + a2 − x2
= 3/ 2
60 ( x 2 + a 2 )
a2
= 3/ 2
60 ( x 2 + a 2 )
3 d 2T 3
When x = a, 2
> 0 ∴ T is min when x = a
4 dx 4
2
1  3  1 3  2
min T =  2a − a  +  a + a
100  4  60  4 
a a
= +
80 48
a
= minutes
30
4(i)
C
3
1
θ B
A N

In ∆CNA, AN = cos θ , CN = sin θ

2
In ∆CNB, NB = 32 − ( CN ) = 9 − sin 2 θ

∴ AB = AN + NB = cos θ + 9 − sin 2 θ (shown)

OR
2
By cosine rule, 32 = 12 + ( AB ) − 2 (1)( AB ) cos θ
2
( AB ) − 2 ( AB ) cos θ − 8 = 0
2 cos θ ± 4 cos 2 θ + 32
AB =
2
AB = cos θ + cos 2 θ + 8 (since AB > 0)
AB = cos θ + 9 − sin 2 θ (shown)
4(ii) AB = cos θ + 9 − sin 2 θ
1
1 2
≈ 1 − θ + (9 − θ )
2 2

2
1
1 1
 θ 2 2
= 1 − θ 2 + 9 2 1 − 
2  9 
1 2  1 θ2 
= 1 − θ + 3 1 − + ... 
2  2 9 
2
≈ 4− θ2
3
2
∴ a = 4, b = 0, c = −
3
5
(1 + x ) dy
2

dx
=e tan −1 x

−1
d2y dy e tan x
( ) dx2
1 + x 2
+ ( 2 x ) =
dx 1 + x 2
dy
=
dx
2

(1 + x2 ) ddx2y = (1 − 2 x ) dx dy
(shown)
2

(1 + x 2 ) ddx2y = (1 − 2 x ) dy dx
3 2
d2y
(1 + x ) dx3 + 2 x dx2 = (1 − 2 x ) dx2 − 2 dy
2 d y d y
dx
3 2
i.e. (1 + x2 ) ddxy3 = (1 − 4 x ) ddxy2 − 2 dy dx
2 3
dy d y d y
When x = 0, y = 1, = 1, 2
= 1, = −1
dx dx dx3
x2 x3
∴ y = 1 + x + − + ...
2! 3!
x 2 x3
= 1 + x + − + ...
2 6
−1 dy 1 tan −1 x 2 dy tan −1 x
y = e tan x ⇒ =
dx 1 + x 2
e ⇒ (1 + x ) dx
= e (verified)

−1 x 2 x3
y = e tan x = 1 + x + − + ...
2 6
x 2 x3
e x = 1 + x + + + ...
2! 3!
−1  x 2 x3   x 2 x3  x3
∴ e tan x − e x = 1 + x + − + ...  − 1 + x + + + ...  = −
 2 6   2! 3!  3
−1 x3
e tan x
= ex −
3
1
∴ k=−
3
6(i) π
y =0⇒ x = or x = π .
2
2π
x
∫π
3
3
cos cos x dx
2
π 2π
x x
= ∫π2 cos cos x dx − ∫π 3 cos cos x dx
3 2 2 2
1  π2 x 3x 2π
x 3x 
=  ∫π cos + cos dx − ∫π 3 cos + cos dx 
2 3 2 2 2 2 2 
π 2π
1 x 2 3x  2 1  x 2 3x  3
=  2sin + sin  −  2sin + sin 
2 2 3 2 π 2  2 3 2 π
3 2

1 2 2 1 2
=  2 + − 1 −  −  3 + 0 − 2 − 
2 3 3 2 3 
 5 4 1 
= − + 2− 3  unit 2 .
 6 3 2 

(ii) 2π
x
∫π3
3
cos cos x dx is the absolute difference between the areas above and below the x-
2
axis, while (i) measures the sum of the areas above and below the x-axis.

7(i) Let Pn be the proposition un = 2 ( ln n − n ) for n ∈ ℤ+ .

When n = 1, LHS = u1 = −2 (given).
RHS = 2 ( ln1 − 1) = −2 .
Since LHS = RHS, ∴ P1 is true.
Assume Pk is true for some k ∈ ℤ + , i.e. uk = 2 ( ln k − k ) .
We want to show that Pk+1 is also true, i.e.
uk +1 = 2 ( ln(k + 1) − (k + 1) ) = 2 ln(k + 1) − 2(k + 1) .
 2k + 1 
LHS = uk +1 = uk + ln 1 + 2  − 2
 k 
 2k + 1 
= 2 ( ln k − k ) + ln 1 + 2  − 2
 k 
 k + 2k + 1 
2
= 2 ln k − 2k + ln  2  − 2
 k 
( 2
) ( )
= 2ln k − 2k + ln ( k + 1) − ln k 2 − 2
= 2 ln ( k + 1) − 2 ( k + 1)
= RHS.
∴ Pk is true ⇒ Pk+1 is true.
Since P1 is true and Pk is true ⇒ Pk+1 is true, by mathematical induction, Pn is true for
for all n ∈ ℤ + .
(ii) n
eur n
e2ln r −2 r n
r 2e−2 r n
∑
r =15 r
2
= ∑
r =15 r 2
= ∑
r =15 r
2
= ∑
r =15
e−2 r .
 n n
∑ e−2r = ∑ ( e−2 )
r

r =15 r =15

=
(
e −30 1 − ( e −2 )
n −14
)
−2
1− e
28 − 2 n
1− e
= .
e30 − e 28
e −28 − e −2 n
= .
e2 − 1
(iii) ∞
eur ∞ −2 r
∑
r =1 r
2
= ∑e
r =1
converges as e −2 < 1 .
∞
e −2 1
∑ e−2r =
r =1 1− e −2
= 2
e −1
.

(Alternatively, students may use part (ii) by taking n to infinity, and then adding on the
sum of the first 14 terms.)
 8(i) dx 100 − x
=
dt 100
1
∫ 100 − x dx = ∫ 0.01 dt
ln 100 − x = −0.01t + k
100 − x = Ae−0.01t , A = ±ek
x = 100 − Ae−0.01t .
When t = 0, x = 50 ⇒ A = 50.
∴ x = 100 − 50e −0.01t .
(ii) As t → ∞, x → 100.
The population of the predators approaches 100 000 after several years.
(iii) dy
= −50e −0.01t .
dt
dy
∫ dx dx = ∫ −50e dt
−0.01t

y = 5000e−0.01t + c.
As t → ∞, y → 5000 ⇒ c = 5000 .
∴ y = 5000e−0.01t + 5000.
9(i) 1 2
y = + 2 ⇒ yx 2 = x + 2 ⇒ yx 2 − x − 2 = 0
x x
For range, there must be solutions for x,
Discriminant = 1 − 4( y )(−2) ≥ 0 ⇒ y ≥ − 18
Solution set = { y ∈ ℝ : y ≥ − 18 }
(ii) y

(−2,0) x

( −4, − 18 )
Asymptotes: x = 0, y = 0
At x = −1.5, y = 92 , x = −1, y = 1 , x = 1, y = 3
Therefore, substituting into the quadratic curve,
2.25a − 1.5b + c = 92
a −b + c =1
a+b+c =3
20
From GC, a = − 92 , b = 1, c = 9 .
2 2 20
Plot the graph y = − x + x + .
9 9
From GC, k = 6
10(a)(i) Length of projection of OB on OA

OA
= OB .
OA
 1  1   −1 
=  k  . 3 
1+ 9 + 9 5  3 
   
−1 + 3k + 15
=
19
14 + 3k
=
19
10(a)(ii) k = − 143
Shortest length of projection is 0, and it occurs when .

OA and OB would be perpendicular.

10(b)(i)  1   −1  2  C
AB =  −2  −  3  =  −5 
5 3 2
     
Equation of AB is
 −1  2 A B
r =  3  + λ  −5  , λ ∈ ℝ N
3  2
   
Let N be the foot of perpendicular from
O to AB. O
 −1 + 2λ 
ON =  3 − 5λ 
 3 + 2λ 
Then   for some λ
 −1 + 2λ   2 
 3 − 5λ  .  −5  = 0
 3 + 2λ   2 
ON ⊥ AB ⇒    
⇒ −2 + 4λ − 15 + 25λ + 6 + 4λ = 0
⇒ 33λ = 11
λ = 13
⇒
OC = 2ON
 −1 + 23 
 
= 2  3 − 53 
 3+ 2 
 3 

2   −2 / 3 
−1
= 4  8/3 
3  11   22 / 3 
  or  

10(b)(ii) Area of quadrilateral

= 2 × 12 OA × OB OR 2 × 12 OA × AB
 −1   2 
=  3  ×  −5 
3  2
   
 6 + 15 
=  −(−2 − 6) 
 5−6 
 
= 212 + 82 + 12
= 506
 11(a) Since P( x ) has only real coefficients and p and q are complex roots of P( x ) = 0 , then
p * and q * are also complex roots of P( x ) = 0 .
Hence least n = 4

P( x ) = ( x − p )( x − p *)( x − q )( x − q *)
= [( x − k ) − 2i][( x − k ) + 2i][( x − 3) + 3i][( x − 3) − 3i]
= [( x − k ) 2 − (2i) 2 ][( x − 3) 2 − (3i) 2 ]
= ( x 2 − 2kx + k 2 + 4)( x 2 − 6 x + 18)

11(b)(i) 2
p = k + 2i ⇒ p = k + 4
−1 3
q = 3 − 3i ⇒ q = 3 + 3 = 3 2 ; arg( q ) = − tan ( 3 ) = − 4
2 2 π

Method 1: Method 2:
iq 2 q2 iq 2 i(3 − 3i)2
= =
2p 2 p 2p 2(k + 2i)
i(9 − 18i − 9) (k − 2i)
(3 2)2 = .
= 2(k + 2i) (k − 2i)
2 k2 + 4
18( k − 2i)
9 9 =
= 2( k 2 + 4)
4 k2 + 4 9
= 2 (k − 2i)
k +4
iq 2 9
= 2 k 2 + 22
2p k +4
9 9
=
4 k2 + 4

16 = k 2 + 4
k = ± 16 − 4
k = 2 3 or k = −2 3 (NA since k > 0 )

Method 1: Method 2:
When k = 2 3 , When k = 2 3 ,
arg( p) = tan −1 ( )=
2 π  iq 2 
2 3 6 α = arg  
 iq 2   2p 
α = arg    2 
 2p  = − tan −1  
2 3
= arg(i) + arg( q 2 ) − arg(2 p )
π
π  π π =−
= + 2 −  − 6
2  4 6
π
=−
6
11(b)(ii) 4 q2
iz = −
2p
 q 2  1   i  iq 2 9  − 6 + 2 kπ i
π
z4 = −    = = e
2 p  i  i  2 p 4 , k = 0, ± 1, 2
1
 π kπ 
 9 4 − + i
k = 0, ± 1, 2
z =   e 24 2 
,
4
 13π   π   11π   23π 
3  − 24 i 3  − 24 i 3  24 i 3  24
i

z= e , e , e , e
2 2 2 2
12(i) u dx (1 + u ) − u 1
x= ⇒ = 2
= 2
1+ u du (1 + u ) (1 + u )
2
u2 dy (1 + u )( 2u ) − u u 2 + 2u
y= ⇒ = 2
= 2
1+ u du (1 + u ) (1 + u )
dy u 2 + 2u 1
∴ = ÷ = u 2 + 2u
dx (1 + u ) (1 + u ) 2
2

12(ii) du
= 2, u = 1
dt
d  dy  d  dy  du
 =  ⋅
dt  dx  du  dx  dt
= ( 2u + 2 )( 2 )
= 8 units per second
12(iii) 1 dy
When x = (i.e. u = 1), =3
2 dx
1
Gradient of tangent at x = is 3
2
1 dy 1 3
When u = − , = −1 = −
2 dx 4 4
1 4
Gradient of normal at u = − is
2 3
4
∴ acute angle between them is tan −1 3 − tan −1 = 71.57 − 53.13 = 18.4
3
12(iv) p2  p 
Equation of tangent at P is y− = ( p2 + 2 p )  x − 
1+ p  1+ p 
At y-axis, when x = 0,

y=
p2
−
( p 2 + 2 p ) p p 2 ( −1 − p )
= = − p2
1+ p 1+ p 1+ p
∴ Tangent at P cuts the y-axis at ( 0, − p 2 )
Similarly, tangent at Q cuts the y-axis at ( 0, − q 2 )
− p 2 = −q 2 ⇒ p = ± q
Since p ≠ q, p = −q ⇒ p + q = 0 (shown)
13(i) To find least n such that
Tn = 15 + ( n − 1)( 0.5 ) > 39
.
0.5n > 24.5
n > 49.
Therefore, on the 50th day of rental the owner will first have to pay the artist more than
$39 as the daily rental rate.
13(ii) 12000
f ( n) = .
4n 2 + 4n − 3
12000
f (n) =
( 2n − 1)( 2n + 3)
3000 3000
= − .
2n − 1 2n + 3
13(iii) r =m r =m
1 1
∑r=1
f ( r ) = 3000 ∑r=1 2 r − 1
−
2r + 3
 1 1 
 − 
 1 5 
 1 1 
 + − 
 3 7 
 1 1 
 + − 
 5 9 
= 3000  ⋮ 
 
 1 1 
+ − 
 2m − 5 2m − 1 
 1 1 
+ − 
 2m − 3 2m + 1 
 1 
+ 1 −
 2m − 1 2m + 3 

 1 1 1 
= 3000  1 + − − 
 3 2m + 1 2 m + 3 
4 4m + 4 
= 3000  − 
 3 ( 2m + 1)( 2m + 3) 
12000 ( m + 1)
= 4000 − .
( 2m + 1)( 2m + 3)
13(iv) Given:
k 12000 ( k + 1)
 2 (15 ) + ( k − 1)( 0.5 )  < 4000 −
2 ( 2k + 1)( 2k + 3)
.
Considering
k 12000 ( k + 1)
Y1 =  2 (15 ) + ( k − 1)( 0.5 )  − 4000 +
2 ( 2k + 1)( 2k + 3) ,
k Y1
98 -123.2
99 -59.5
100 4.7037

By GC, largest value of k is 99.

 ANGLO-CHINESE JUNIOR COLLEGE
MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT

MATHEMATICS
Higher 2 9740 / 02
Paper 2 26 August 2015
JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Time allowed: 3 hours

Additional Materials: List of Formulae (MF15)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Index number, Form Class, graphic and/or scientific calculator model/s on the cover page.
Write your Index number and full name on all the work you hand in.
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Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of
angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use a graphic calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states
otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are not allowed in the question, you are
required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

This document consists of 6 printed pages.

[Turn Over
 ANGLO-CHINESE JUNIOR COLLEGE
MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT
JC2 Preliminary Examination 2015

MATHEMATICS 9740
Higher 2
Paper 2
/ 100
Index No: Form Class: ___________
Name: _________________________
Calculator model: _____________________
Arrange your answers in the same numerical order.
Place this cover sheet on top of them and tie them together with the string provided.

Question No. Marks

1 /9
2 /9
3 /11
4 /11
5 /3
6 /5
7 /7
8 /6
9 /9
10 /10
11 /10
12 /10

Summary of Areas for Improvement

Careless Read/Interpret
Knowledge (K) Formula (F) Presentation (P)
Mistakes (C) Qn wrongly (R)

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 2
Page 2 of 6
 Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

1
1 (i) Differentiate with respect to x. [1]
2x 1
2

x2
(ii) Hence find
  2x 2
 1
2
dx . [4]

x
The curve C has equation y  , where x  0 .
2x 1 2

(iii) The region bounded by C and the line 2 y  x is rotated 2 radians about the x-axis.
Find the exact volume of the solid obtained. [4]

z i 3
2 The complex number z satisfies the equation 1.
2  iz
(i) Using an algebraic method, find the purely imaginary number that satisfies the given
relation. [2]
(ii) Sketch the locus of the points representing z, labelling the coordinates of the y-intercept.
[2]
(iii) Describe the locus of the points representing w such that w  4i  a , where a is a non-
zero constant. Hence find the exact value of a such that there is exactly one value of z
z i3
that satisfies  1 and z  4i  a . [3]
2  iz
For this value of a, find the exact value of z that satisfies the above conditions, giving
your answer in the form x  iy where x, y   . [2]

1
3 (i) Sketch the curve with equation y  x  , x  0 , stating the equation(s) of any
x
asymptotes and the coordinates of any turning points and any points of intersection with
the axes. [3]

The functions f and g are defined as follows

1 1
f :x  xa , x  b, x  a, g: x  , x  0, x 1
xa ln x
where a and b are constants and a  0 .
(ii) Using part (i) or otherwise, state the smallest value of b, in terms of a, such that f is
one-one. [2]
(iii) Explain why the composite function gf exists and find the range of gf. [3]
1
(iv) Given that a = 2, define f in a similar form. [3]

[Turn Over

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 2
Page 3 of 6
4 Planes p1 and p2 have the following equations:
p1 : 3x  2 y  6 z  2
p2 : r  1  2s  2t  i   2  3t  j    s  2t  k , s, t  
(i) Explain why p1 and p2 are parallel and distinct planes. Hence find the shortest distance
between these two planes. [5]
(ii) The line l has equation r  (5   )i  ( 5  3 ) j  (   )k , where    and  , 
are real constants.
(a) Find conditions on  and  such that l only intersects one plane but not the
other. [3]
(b) The angle between l and p1 is 22°. Find the two possible values of  . [3]

Section B: Statistics [60 marks]

5 At a railway station, serious delays occur at random such that the expected number of serious
delays per week is 4.3 and the variance is 2.56. State, with a reason, whether the number of
serious delays may be modelled by a Poisson distribution.
Find the probability that, in a period of 60 weeks, not more than 4 serious delays occur on
average per week. [3]

6 In a junior college there are 750 Year 2 students in the science faculty. These students are
grouped according to 4 major subject combinations, namely SA, SB, SC and SD. During a
science talk, the students are seated according to combination in four different venues. The
number of students in each combination and their venues are given in the table below.

Combination SA SB SC SD
Number of Year 2 students 195 180 225 150
Venue LT1 LT2 LT3 LT4

The teacher-in-charge of this talk intends to obtain a sample of 100 students for a survey. She
selects 25 students from the last occupied row in each venue for the survey.
(i) Name the sampling method described and state a reason, in the context of the question,
why this sampling method is not desirable. [2]
(ii) Suggest a method of obtaining a more representative sample and describe how it may be
carried out. [3]

7 (a) A teacher wants to set a class test for her class of 25 students. She plans to give each
student the same questions, but have each student's questions appear in a different order.
Find the least number of questions she must set. [2]
(b) Sally has 12 bars of chocolates in four different flavours as summarised in the table
below.
flavour white milk dark hazelnut
number 4 3 4 1
Sally intends to give one bar of chocolate each to three of her best friends in school.
(i) Find the number of ways she can do it. [3]
(ii) Sally remembers that one particular friend amongst the three has a nut allergy, and
should not be given the hazelnut chocolate bar. Find the number of ways she can
now give her friends the chocolates. [2]

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 2
Page 4 of 6
8 A particular brand of paper cups is found to have capacity that is normally distributed with
mean 500 ml and standard deviation 45 ml.
(i) Andy and twenty of his friends are each given one paper cup to fill a 10-litre tank with
water. Each person completely fills his paper cup with water once, and then empties the
water into the tank. Find the probability that the tank is completely filled after the last
person empties his cup. [2]
(ii) Andy decides to attempt to fill the tank with water using his one cup. He does so by
making 21 trips from the tap to the tank, each time filling his cup completely at the tap
before pouring the contents into the tank. Show that the probability that he manages to
fill the tank is 0.70163, correct to 5 significant figures. [1]
(iii) In a game, each of 60 people is given one paper cup and one 10-litre tank to fill with
water. If every person makes 21 trips from the tap to his tank, using a suitable
approximation, find the probability that at most 45 of the tanks will be filled. [3]

9 John and Jane are working on a research project about the heights of 17-year-old boys from
Taz, a minority ethnic community. They come across an internet website claiming that the
average height of 17-year-old Taz boys is 170 cm.
(a) John believes that the average height quoted on the website is too low. He assumed that
the heights of 17-year-old Taz boys follow a normal distribution and measured the
heights of eight randomly chosen boys. The data collected, measured in cm, are as
follows:
171.8 167.4 174.5 169.4 171 175.5 170.4 173.5
Carry out a test of John’s belief at the 5% significance level, defining any symbols you
used in the hypotheses. [4]
(b) Jane finds out that the standard deviation of the heights of 17-year-old Taz boys is
4.2 cm. She decides to carry out a one-tail test to determine whether the claim on the
website is valid by measuring the heights of a random sample of n 17-year-old Taz
boys. Their mean height is found to be 168.6 cm.
(i) State appropriate hypotheses for the test. [1]
(ii) Given that the null hypothesis is not rejected at 5% level of significance, find the
range of values of n. State, giving a reason, whether it is necessary to assume that
the heights of Taz 17-year old boys are normally distributed. [4]

10 A confectionary bakes chocolate chip cookies in batches. To each large batch of cookie
dough, 600 chocolate chips are added and thoroughly mixed into the dough to make 150
cookies.
(i) State, in this context, two conditions for the number of chocolate chips in one cookie to
be well modelled by a Poisson distribution. [2]
For the remainder of this question, assume that the conditions in (i) are met.
(ii) Find the probability that, out of four randomly chosen cookies from the confectionary,
exactly two have five chocolate chips each and the other two have more than five
chocolate chips each. [2]
(iii) The confectionary sells the cookies in boxes of 30 each. Using a suitable approximation,
find the probability that there are at least two cookies in a box with at most one
chocolate chip. [3]
(iv) The baker needs to add n more chocolate chips per batch of cookie dough in order to be
at least 95% certain that a randomly chosen cookie has at least two chocolate chips.
Express this information as an inequality in n, and hence find the smallest possible
integer value of n. [3]
[Turn Over

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 2
Page 5 of 6
11 (a) In MCJC, 75% of the students are right-handed. Given that a student is left-handed, the
4
probability that he takes mathematics as a subject is . Find the probability that a
7
student is left-handed and does not take mathematics. [2]
If half of the right-handed students take mathematics, determine if being right-handed
and taking mathematics are independent events. [2]
(b) In a game, a player chooses a card from a complete deck of poker cards. If the card
chosen is a picture card, the player wins the game. If the card chosen is any number card
other than the Ace, the player loses the game. If an Ace card is chosen, the player puts
the card aside and takes a second card. He wins if the second card is a picture card, loses
if it is a number card, and picks a third card if it is an Ace. He continues to do this until
he either gets a picture card, in which case he wins, or a number card and he loses.
Find the probability that
(i) a player wins the game on picking the second card, [2]
(ii) a player wins the game, [2]
(iii) only one card is chosen, given that the player wins the game. [2]
[A deck of poker cards is made up of 4 Aces, 12 picture cards (Jacks, Queens and Kings)
and 36 number cards.]

12 The sales manager of a retailer of KSI sunblock is monitoring the effects of its television
advertising campaign. Over the last 7 weeks, different durations of television air time, x
minutes, were used and the corresponding number of sales, y, in hundreds of bottles of KSI
sunblock, were recorded as follows:
x 8 11 15 18 20 22 25
y 11.1 15.2 19.9 22.8 24.1 25.0 26.1

(i) Draw a scatter diagram for the data, labelling the axes clearly. [1]
(ii) Using the scatter diagram, explain if each of the following can model the given data set.
(A): y  a  bx 2 , where a and b are positive constants
(B): y  a  b ln x , where a is negative constant and b is positive constant
b
(C): y  a  , where a and b are positive constants. [3]
x
Calculate the least squares estimates of a and b, and the product moment correlation
coefficient for the model that best fits the data set. [2]
(iii) Give an interpretation of b in the context of this question. [1]
(iv) The advertising costs $2000/min and each bottle of KSI sunblock yields a profit of $20.
Estimate the weekly profit when 10 mins of TV time is purchased. Comment on the
reliability of the estimate. [3]

- End of Paper -

Anglo-Chinese Junior College

H2 Mathematics 9740: 2015 JC 2 Preliminary Examination Paper 2
Page 6 of 6
 2015 ACJC H2 Mathematics Prelim Paper 2 solutions

1(i) d  1  −4 x
 2 = .
dx  2 x + 1  ( 2 x 2 + 1)2

1(ii)  
x2 −1  −4 x 
∫ 2
dx = ∫ x
 ( 2 x 2 + 1)2 
dx
( 2x 2
+ 1) 4
 
−x  −1   1 
= −   ∫ (1)  2  dx
4 ( 2 x + 1)  4 
2
 2 x + 1
−x 1 1
= + ∫ dx
4 ( 2 x + 1) 8
2 2
 1 
x2 +  
 2
−x 2
= +
4 ( 2 x + 1) 8
2 (
tan −1 x 2 + c.)
1(iii) x
x = 2 y, y =
,x≥0 2
2x + 1
2y
⇒ x = 2 y, y = 2 ,x≥0
8 y +1
1 1
⇒ y = 0, x = 0 or y = ,x= .
2 2 2
 1 1 
The line intersects C at ( 0, 0 ) and  , .
 2 2 2
1 2 2
 x   x
π∫ 2
 2  −   dx
0
 2x +1   2 
1
 −x 2 x3 
2
=π  +
 4 ( 2 x + 1) 8
2
tan −1
x 2 − 
12 
( )
0
 −1 π 2 1 
= π  + − 
8 2 32 24 2 
π 2 2
= π  − 
 32 12 
π 2 π 1 3
=  −  unit .
4  8 3
2(i) z +i−3
=1
2 + iz
Let z = ki where k ∈ ℝ
ki + i − 3 = 2 + i( ki)
2 2
−3 + ( k + 1)i = 2 − k
( −3) 2 + ( k + 1) 2 = (2 − k ) 2
 9 + k 2 + 2k + 1 = 4 − 4k + k 2
6k = −6
k = −1
2(ii) z − 3 + i = − i 2 + iz
z − (3 − i) = z − 2i

Im(z)

E(0, 4)

a
C(0, 2)
D
B(1.5, 0.5)
O Re(z)
A(0, −1)
(3, −1)

2(iii) The locus of points representing w such that w − 4i = a is a circle with centre (0, 4)
and radius a units.

To have exactly one value of z satisfying the 2 conditions, the perpendicular bisector
should be tangent to the circle (see sketch in 2(ii))

−1 − 2
Gradient of ⊥ bisector = −1 ÷
3−0
=1
π
⇒ ⊥ bisector makes an angle of rad. with the horizontal axis
4
Consider right-angled triangle ADE:
π a
sin =
4 4 − (−1)
5 5 2
a= or
2 2

5 π  5 π
z = cos + i  4 − sin 
2 4  2 4
5 3
= + i
2 2
5 3
∴ x= , y=
2 2

Alternative method for finding a:

 Triangles ABC and ADE are similar right-angled triangles with common angle ∠BAC
BC DE
sin ∠BAC = =
AC AE
(0 − 1.5)2 + (2 − 0.5) 2 a
=
3 5
5 9
a= ×
3 2
5 5 2
= or
2 2
3(i) 1
y = x+
x

Asymptotes: y = x , x = 0
3(ii) 1
y = f( x) is a translation of y = x + a units in the positive x-direction. Therefore the
x
turning points are (a + 1, 2) and (a − 1, − 2) . Hence b = a + 1 .
3(iii) R f = [ 2, ∞ ) ⊆ ( 0, 1) ∪ (1, ∞ ) = Dg
Hence gf exists.

R g f = ( 0, ln12 ]
3(iv) 1
f( x) = x − 2 + , x≥3
x−2
1
y = x−2+ , x≥3
x−2
( x − 2) 2 + 1
=
x−2
( x − 2) y = x 2 − 4 x + 5
x 2 − (4 + y ) x + 5 + 2 y = 0
4 + y ± (4 + y) 2 − 4(1)(5 + 2 y ) 4 + y ± y 2 − 4
x= =
2 2
4 + y + y2 − 4
∵ x ≥ 3, x =
2
−1 4 + x + x2 − 4
f :x֏ ,x≥2
2
4(a) Proving parallel & distinct planes
Normal vectors of p1 and p2 are respectively
  3 2  2
n1 =  −2  n 2 =  0  ×  −3 
6  −1  −2 
     
 −3 
= 2 
 −6 
 
Since n1 = −n 2 , the normal vectors are parallel and hence the planes are parallel as
well.
Furthermore, 3(1) − 2( −2) + 6(0) = 7 ≠ 2 , so the point (1, −2, 0) is on p2 but not on p1 .
Hence the two planes are distinct.

Finding shortest distance

Method 1:
Since 32 (0) − (−1) + 3(0) = 1 , the point A(0, −1, 0) is on p1 .
The point B (1, −2, 0) is on p2 .
1 0 1
AB =  −2  −  −1 =  −1
 0 0 0
     
Shortest distance between planes = AB . n1
1 1 3
=  −1 .  −2 
9 + 4 + 36 06
  
3+ 2+ 0
=
7
5
=
7
Method 2:
Express equations of both planes in scalar product form r.nɵ = d where nɵ is a unit
normal vector and d is the shortest distance between the origin and the plane.
 3 1  3 2
p1 : r.  −2  = 2 ⇒ r.  −2  =
6 9 + 4 + 36  6  9 + 4 + 36
 
2 1 3 
⇒ r.nɵ = where nɵ =  −2 
7 7  6 
 −3   1   −3 
p2 : r.  2  =  −2  .  2  = −7
 −6   0   −6 
     
−1  −3  (−1)(−7)
⇒ r.  2 =
9 + 4 + 36  −6  9 + 4 + 36

1 3 
⇒ r.nɵ = 1 where nɵ =  −2 
7  6 
Since both planes are on the same side of the origin,
2
shortest distance between both planes = 1 −
7
 5
=
7
4(b)(i) 5 β 
l : r =  −5  + λ  3  , λ ∈ ℝ
α  1
   
Since the planes are parallel, for l to intersect one but not the other, we need l to be
contained in exactly one plane at one time.
 3 0  3
p1 : r.  −2  =  −1 .  −2  = 2
 6 0  6
     
 3 1  3
p2 : r.  −2  =  −2  .  −2  = 7
 6 0 6
     
β   3 
l parallel to p1 and p2 ⇒  3  .  −2  = 0
1  6 
   
⇒ β =0
5  3
l contained in p1 ⇒  −5  .  −2  = 2
α   6 
   
2 − 15 − 10
⇒α=
6
23
⇒ α =−
6
5  3
l contained in p2 ⇒  −5  .  −2  = 7
α   6 
   
7 − 15 − 10
⇒α=
6
⇒ α = −3
∴ β = 0, and α = − 23
6
or − 3
4(b)(ii) β   3 
 3  .  −2 
1  6 
sin 22° =    
β 2 + 9 + 1 × 9 + 4 + 36
3β
0.37461 =
7 β 2 + 10
Using GC, β = −5.69 or 5.69 (3 s.f.)

5 Number of serious delays is not modelled by a Poisson distribution since the mean is
not equal to the variance.

Let X be the random variable denoting the number of serious delays per week.

E(X) = 4.3, Var(X) = 2.56

Since n = 60 is large, by Central Limit Theorem,

  2.56 
X ∼ N  4.3,  approximately
 60 
( )
P X ≤ 4 = 0.0732 (3 s.f.)

Alternative Method:

Let W = X 1 + X 2 + ⋯ + X 60 .

Since n = 60 is large, by Central Limit Theorem,

W ∼ N ( 258,153.6 )

P (W ≤ 240 ) = 0.0732 ( 3 s.f.)

6(i) Quota sampling.

Disadvantage:
The 20 boys seated on the last row of LT may belong to the same class OR
the 20 boys seated on the last row of LT may be latecomers so they may have missed
part of the talk OR
Since the sampling frame is available, it is more appropriate to use simple random
sampling or systematic sampling.

6(ii) Stratified Sampling

For every subject combination, obtain a namelist of all students in order of their
registration numbers.

SA SB SC SD
(LT1) (LT2) (LT3) (LT4)
Number of Year 2
students 26 24 30 20
selected in each LT

Select the number of students randomly from each strata (i.e. subject combination)
according to the table shown above.

7(a) n ! ≥ 25
⇒ n≥5
7(b)(i) Method 1
Case 1 (all distinct): 4 P3 = 24
Case 2 (all the same): 3C1 = 3
3!
Case 3 (AAB in any order): 3C1 ⋅ 3C2 ⋅ = 27
2!
Total = 24 + 3 + 27 = 54 ways
Method 2
Case 1 (nobody gets hazelnut): 3 × 3 × 3 = 27
Case 2 (someone gets hazelnut): 3C1 × 3 × 3 = 27
Total = 27 + 27 = 54 ways
7(b)(ii) Method 1
No. of ways the particular friend gets the hazelnut bar
= 3C2 ⋅ 2!+ 3C1 = 9
(the other two friends get two distinct bars or two of the same bars)

Hence no. of ways that friend DOES NOT get the hazelnut bar
= total no. of ways without restriction – 9
= 54 – 9
= 45.
Method 2
Case 1 (nobody gets hazelnut): 3 × 3 × 3 = 27
Case 2 (someone gets hazelnut): 2C1 × 3 × 3 = 18
Total = 27 + 18 = 45 ways

8(i) Let X be the capacity of a randomly chosen paper cup.

Then X ∼ N ( 500, 452 ) .
X 1 + X 2 + … + X 21 ∼ N ( 21× 500, 21× 452 ) = N (10500, 42525 ) .
P ( X 1 + X 2 + … + X 21 ≥ 10000 ) = 0.992 (3 s.f.).
8(ii) Method 1:
(
21X ∼ N 10500, ( 21× 45)
2
) = N (10500,945 )
2

P ( 21X ≥ 10000 ) = 0.70163 (shown)

Method 2:
 10000 
P ( 21X ≥ 10000 ) = P  X ≥  = 0.70163 (shown)
 21 
8(iii) Let Y be the number of tanks, out of 60, that will be filled.
Then Y ∼ B ( 60, 0.70163) .
For approximation, check that
np = 60 × 0.70163 = 42.0978 > 5
nq = 60 × (1 − 0.70163) = 17.9022 > 5
Therefore,
Y ∼ N ( 42.0978,12.5607 ) approximately.
c.c.
P (Y ≤ 45 ) ≈ P (Y ≤ 45.5 )
= 0.831 (3 s.f.)
9(a) From GC, Unbiased estimate of population mean, x = 171.6875

Unbiased estimate of population variance, s 2 = 2.71212

Let X be the random variable for the height of a randomly chosen Taz 17-year old boy.
Let µ be the population mean height of Taz 17-year old boys.

To test H o : µ = 170
Against H1 : µ > 170 at 5% level of significance
 X − 170
Under H o , T = ∼ t (7)
s
8
171.6875 − 170
Value of test statistic : t = = 1.76
2.7121
8
p-value = 0.0609 > 0.05
Do not reject H o .
There is insufficient evidence at 5% level of significance that the mean height of Taz 17
year old boys is more than 170cm i.e.

There is insufficient evidence that John’s belief is justified at 5% level of significance.

9(b)(i) To test H o : µ = 170

Against H1 : µ < 170 at 5% level of significance
9(b)(ii)  4.2 
Under H o , X ~ N 170, 
 25 
X − 170
Test statistic, Z = ∼ N (0,1)
4.2
n
168.6 − 170
Value of test statistic : z =
4.2
n

For H o not to be rejected at 5% level of significance

168.6 − 170
> −1.64485
4.2
n
n < 24.4
Thus range of values of n is {1 ≤ n ≤ 24, n ∈ ℤ+ }
The assumption that the heights are normally distributed is necessary in order that X
will be normally distributed.
This is because X will not be approximately normal by Central Limit Theorem since n
is small.
10(i) The mean number of chocolate chips in one cookie is a constant. AND
Either: The chocolate chips are randomly distributed such that the occurance of
chocolate chips in a cookie is independent of each other, OR
The chocolate chips are randomly distributed such that the number of chocolate chips
in one cookie is independent of the number in another cookie.
10(ii) Let C be the number of chocolate chips in one cookie.
Then C ∼ Po ( 4 ) .
2 2 4!
Required probability =  P ( C = 5 )  ⋅  P ( C > 5 )  ⋅
2!2!
= 0.00677 (3 s.f.)
10(iii) P ( C ≤ 1) = 0.091578
Let X be the number of cookies in one box with at most one chocolate chip.
 Then X ∼ B ( 30, 0.091578 ) .
For approximation, check that
np = 30 × 0.091578 = 2.74734 < 5 .
Hence X ∼ Po ( 2.74734 ) approximately.
P ( X ≥ 2 ) = 1 − P ( X ≤ 1)
≈ 0.75980
= 0.760 (3 s.f.)
10(iv)  600 + n 
Now C ∼ Po  .
 150 
Given: P ( C ≥ 2 ) ≥ 0.95
⇒ 1 − P ( C ≤ 1) ≥ 0.95
`⇒ P ( C ≤ 1) ≤ 0.05
600 + n
−  600 + n 
⇒ e 1 +
150
 ≤ 0.05
 150 
From G.C., n ≥ 111.58
Hence least integer n is 112.
11(a) Method 1
4
Given: P ( M L ) = .
7
P ( M ∩ L) 4
⇒ =
P ( L) 7
4
⇒ P ( M ∩ L) = × P ( L)
7
4 1 1
⇒ P ( M ∩ L) = × = .
7 4 7
1 1 3
Hence P ( M ′ ∩ L ) = P ( L ) − P ( M ∩ L ) = − = .
4 7 28

Method 2 (Using tree diagram drawn from next part of information)

M
R
M’
M
L
M’
1 3 3
P ( M ∩ L) = P ( L) x P ( M ' | L) = × = .
′
4 7 28

To determine whether being right-handed and taking mathematics are independent

events
3 1 1 4 29 1
P(M ) = × + × = , P (M R) =
4 2 4 7 56 2
Since P ( M R ) ≠ P ( M ) , being right-handed and taking mathematics are NOT
independent events.
ALTERNATIVELY,
 4 29
Since it is given that P ( M L ) = ≠ = P ( M ) , being left-handed and taking
7 56
mathematics are NOT independent events.
Thus, being right-handed and taking mathematics are NOT independent events.
ALTERNATIVELY,
3 1 1 4 29
P( M ) = × + × =
4 2 4 7 56
3 1 3 29 3 87
P( M ∩ R ) = × = , P( M ) × P( R ) = × =
4 2 8 56 4 224
Since P( M ∩ R ) ≠ P( M ) × P( R ) , being right-handed and taking mathematics are NOT
independent events.
11(b)(i) Required probability = P (ace, picture)
4 12
= ×
52 51
4
= or 0.0181 (3 s.f.)
221
11(b)(ii) Required probability
= P (picture) + P (ace, picture) + P (ace, ace, picture) +
P (ace, ace, ace, picture) + P (ace, ace, ace, ace, picture)
12 4 12 4 3 12 4 3 2 12 4 3 2 1 12
= + ⋅ + ⋅ ⋅ + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅
52 52 51 52 51 50 52 51 50 49 52 51 50 49 48
1
= .
4
11(b)(iii) P (wins on first card picked)
Required probability =
P (player wins the game)
12 1
= ÷
52 4
12
= or 0.923 (3 s.f.)
13
12(i)
y (sales)

26.1

11.1
x (mins)
8 25
12(ii)
y
y
Model A
Model B

x
x
 y

Model C

The scatter diagram in (i) shows that as x increases, y increases by decreasing amounts
(or at a decreasing rate). This is consistent with model B. Furthermore, r = 0.997 for
Model B, which suggests a strong positive linear relationship between ln x and y.

Model A is not appropriate as it suggests that as x increases, y increases by increasing

amounts (or at an increasing rate).

Model C is not appropriate since it suggests that as x increases, y decreases, which is

not consistent with the scatter diagram in (i).

Equation of least square regression line of y on ln x is

y = –17.326 + 13.698 ln x

a = –17.3 (3 s.f.) , b = 13.7 (3 s.f.)

r = 0.997 (3 s.f.)

12(iii) For every unit increase in ln x, the corresponding increase in sales of bottles of
sunblock is 1369.

12(iv) When x = 10, y = –17.326 + 13.698 ln 10

= 14.214

∴ Number of bottles sold = 1421

Thus weekly profit = (1421)(20) –10 (2000)

= $8420

Estimate is reliable since r = 0.997 ≈ 1 and x = 10 is within the range of sample data,
8 ≤ x ≤ 25 .