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 Name: Index Number: Class:

DUNMAN HIGH SCHOOL

Preliminary Examination
Year 6

MATHEMATICS (Higher 2) 9740/01

Paper 1 17 September 2015

3 hours
Additional Materials: Answer Paper
Graph paper
List of Formulae (MF15)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Name, Index Number and Class on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the
case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically
states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you
are required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not
calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For teachers’ use:

Qn Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Total

Score
Max
5 6 6 6 6 8 8 9 9 11 13 13 100
Score

© DHS 2015 This question paper consists of 6 printed pages (including this cover page).
 2

1 A graphic calculator is not to be used in answering this question.

(i) Find the value of (1  4i)2, showing clearly how you obtain your answer. [1]

(ii) Given that 1  2i is a root of the equation

z 2  z  (a  bi)  0,
find the values of the real numbers a and b. [2]

(iii) For these values of a and b, solve the equation in part (ii). [2]

6 x2  x  2
2 Using partial fractions, find
 (1  2 x)( x  1) 2
dx. [6]

3 A curve C has parametric equations

x   cos , y   sin  , for 0    π.

(i) Sketch the curve C. [2]

(ii) The point P on the curve C has parameter p and the point Q has coordinates (π,0). The
origin is denoted by O. Given that p is increasing at a constant rate of 0.1 units per second,
find the rate of decrease of the area of triangle OPQ when p  34 π. [4]

i  1 π 
4 The complex number z is given by  3) e  6 .

(i) Given that w  (1  i) z, find w and arg w in exact form. [2]

(ii) Without using a calculator, find the smallest positive integer n such that w n is purely
imaginary. State the modulus of w n when n takes this value. [4]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 [Turn over

 3

5
y

1
O
x

The diagram shows the graph of y  f( x). The graph has a minimum point at (1, 1) and a
maximum point at (4, 7). It intersects the axes at x  2, x  1 and y   23 . The equations of
the asymptotes are y  x  2 and x  3.

1
(i) Sketch the graph of y  , giving the coordinates of any stationary points, points of
f ( x)
intersection with the axes and the equations of any asymptotes. [3]

 
(ii) Solve the inequality f 1x  0. [3]

6 (i) By using the Maclaurin series for e x and cos x, find the Maclaurin series for g( x), where
g( x)  e x cos 2 x, up to and including the term in x 2. [3]

a
(ii) Use your answer in part (i) to give an approximation for 0
g( x) dx in terms of a, and
evaluate this approximation in the case where a  13 e, giving your answer correct to
5 significant figures. [3]

1
e
(iii) Use your calculator to find an accurate value for  3 g( x) dx, up to 5 significant figures.
0
Why is the approximation in part (ii) not very good? [2]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 [Turn over

 4

7 Relative to the origin O, two points A and B have position vectors a and b respectively.
It is given that a  2, b  1 and 3a  2b   (37).

(i) By considering the scalar product (3a  2b) (3a  2b), show that a b  1 and give the
4
geometrical meaning of | a b |. [4]

(ii) Give the geometrical meaning of (a  b)  b and find its exact value. [3]

(iii) Write down, in terms of a and b, a vector equation of the line that passes through O and
bisects the angle AOB. [1]

8 A curve C has equation 3x2  2 xy  y 2  80.

dy 3x  y
(i) Show that  . [2]
dx yx

(ii) Show that the curve C has no stationary points. [3]

(iii) The normal to the curve at the point P(6, 2) meets the curve again at the point Q.
Find the coordinates of Q. [4]

9
y

R1
R2

x
O 1

The diagram shows the curve with equation y  sin 1  12 x  for 0  x  2.

(i) Find the area of the region R1 bounded by the curve, the lines y  12
1
π , y  16 π and the
y-axis.
[2]
(ii) Find the volume of revolution when the region R1 is rotated through 2π radians about the
x-axis. [3]

(iii) Without using a calculator, find the exact area of the region R2 bounded by the curve, the
lines x  1, x   3 and the x-axis. [4]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 [Turn over

 5

10 (a) Show that the substitution w  xy 2 reduces the differential equation

dy
2 xy  4x2 y 4  y 2  1
dx
to the form
dw
 aw2  b,
dx
where a and b are to be determined. Hence obtain the general solution in the form
y 2  f ( x). [5]

(b) A certain species of bird with a population of size n thousand at time t months satisfies the
differential equation
1
d2n  4 t
 e .
dt 2
Find the general solution of this differential equation. [2]

Sketch three members of the family of solution curves, given that n  30 when t  0. [4]

11 Functions f and g are defined by

f :x  ln( 3 x  1) for x  , x  13 ,
4
g:x for x  , 1  x  4.
( x  1)(5  x)

(i) Describe fully a sequence of transformations which would transform the curve y  ln x
onto the curve of y  f ( x). [3]

(ii) Sketch the graph of y  g( x). [2]

(iii) Find the exact range of fg. [2]

(iv) If the domain of g is further restricted to k  x  4, state with a reason the least value of k
for which the function g 1 exists. [2]

In the rest of the question, the domain of g is defined as x  , k  x  4, where k is the value
found in part (iv).

(v) Find g1 ( x). [2]

(vi) If h is a function such that gh is well-defined and the point  , 16

15  
lies on the graph of
y  gh( x), find the value of h( ). [2]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 [Turn over

 6

12
H G

E F
C B

k j
O i A

The diagram shows a cuboid with rectangular base OABC and top EFGH, where OA  4 units,
OC  3 units and OE  2 units. The point O is taken as the origin and unit vectors i, j and k, are
taken along OA, OC and OE respectively.

(i) Find the cartesian equation of the plane p which contains the points A, C and E. [3]

(ii) Find the acute angle between p and the base OABC. [2]

The line l, passing through O, is perpendicular to p and intersects the plane containing B, C, G
and H at the point T.

(iii) Find the position vector of the point T and deduce the perpendicular distance from T to p. [5]

(iv) A point Q lies on the line passing through C and T such that its distance from p is twice that
of the distance from T to p. Find the possible position vectors of the point Q. [3]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 [Turn over

 2015 H2 MATHS YR 6 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION PAPER 1
SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS

Qn Suggested Solution
1(i) 1  4i 2  1  8i   4i 2  15  8i

1  2i   1  2i    a  bi   0
2
(ii)

1  4i  4   1  2i  a  bi  0
 a  4   2  b i  0
Comparing Re and Im parts,
a  4, b  2
(iii) z 2  z   4  2i   0

1  1  4 1 4  2i 
2

z
2 1
1  15  8i

2
1  1  4i 

2
 1  2i or  2i

Qn Suggested Solution
2 6 x2  x  2 A B C
  
1  2 x  x  1 (1  2 x) x  1  x  1
2 2

 6 x 2  x  2  A  x  1  B(1  2 x)( x  1)  C (1  2 x)
2

when x  1, C  9
1 1 1 1
when x  , A  6( )   2  A  16
2 4 4 2
when x  0, A B C  2
 16  B  9  2  B  5
6x  x  2
2

 1  2 x  x  1 2
dx

16 5 9
   dx
(1  2 x) x  1  x  12
9
 8ln 1  2 x  5ln x  1   d where d is a arbitrary constant
x 1

1
Qn Suggested Solution
3(i)
y

O x

(ii)
y

O x

Point P has coordinates ( p cos p, p sin p).

A, Area of triangle OPQ

π
  p sin p 
2
dA π
  p cos p  sin p 
dp 2
dA dA dp
 
dt dp dt
π
  p cos p  sin p  (0.1)
2
3π
When p  ,
4
dA π  3π  3π   3π  
  cos    sin    (0.1)
dt 2  4  4   4 
  0.151 units 2 /s (3 s.f.)

The area of the triangle OPQ is decreasing at a rate of

0.151 units2 per second.

2
Qn Suggested Solution
4(i) Method 1

w  1  i  z
 1 i z
 2 3
 6

arg  w   arg  1  i  z 
 arg 1  i   arg  z 
π π 5π
  
4 6 12
Method 2

w  1  i  z
i  i  
π
 π
  2e 4   3e  6  
   

 i  
 5π 

  6e  12  
 
 
5π
 w  6, arg  w 
12
n
(ii)  i  
 5π 

w   6e  12  
n
 
 
 5nπ 

 6 e
n i 
  12 

  5nπ  
  6   cos 
n  5nπ 
  i sin  
  12   12  
 5nπ 
For wn to be purely imaginary, cos  0
 12 
5nπ π 3π 5π
 , , ,...
12 2 2 2
6 18
n  , , 6,...
5 5
smallest positive integer n  6

 6
6
When n  6, w6   216

3
Qn Suggested Solution
5(i) y

(ii) From the given graph, f ( x)  0 for x  3 or  2  x  1

1
Replacing x by ,
x
y
y
y=

O x x
O 1
y = 3 y = 2

1 1 1 1
 3    x  0 or 2   1  x   or x  1
x 3 x 2

4
Qn Suggested Solution
6(i)  2x
2

cos 2 x  1   ...
2!
x x2
e  1    ...
x

1! 2!
 x2 
e x cos 2 x  1  x   ...  1  2 x 2  ...
 2 
x2
 1  x   2 x 2  ...
2
3x 2
 1 x   ...
2
(ii) a a 3x 2
0 g( x) dx  0 1  x  2 dx
a
 x 2 x3 
 x   
 2 2 0
a 2 a3
a 
2 2
1
When a  e,
3
2 3
1  11  11 
1
e
 g( x) dx   3 e   2  3 e   2  3 e   0.94464 (5 s.f.)
0
3

(iii) From GC,

1
e
0
3
g( x) dx  0.64284 (5 s.f.)

1
Insufficient terms are used in the expansion OR the value e is not close to zero and
3
hence the approximation is not good.

5
Qn Suggested Solution
7(i) a  2, b  1 and 3a  2b  37.
3a  2b  37
3a  2b  37
2

(3a  2b).(3a  2b)  37

9a.a  12a.b  4b.b  37
9 a  12a.b  4 b  37
2 2

9(2) 2  12a.b  4  37
3 1
 a.b   (shown)
12 4
a.b is the length of projection of a onto b

(ii) A (a  b)  b is …
2 times the area of OAB
OR
a area of the parallelogram with adjacent sides OA and
a-b OB
OR
the perpendicular (or shortest) distance of the point A
to the line through O and B
B
O N b

 2  Area of OAB
2
1 1
(a  b)  b  a  b since b  b  0  2  (1) 22   
2 4
3 7

4

Alternative
a  b  Distance of A to line OB

 OA2   a.b 
2

2
1
 2  2

4
3 7

4

6
 Alternative
1
Given a.b  ,
4
1
 a b cos  
4
1 1
 cos   
4(2)(1) 8
(a  b)  b  a  b since b  b  0
 a b sin 
2
1 3
 (2)(1) 1     7
8 4
(iii)
A 2b
D

a
a

O C
B

Let C be the point such that OC  2b.

Then OADC is a rhombus and the line OD bisects the angle AOB.
The equation of the line is r   (a  2b),   .

7
Qn Suggested Solution
8(i) 3x2  2 xy  y 2  80
Differentiate with respect to x
dy dy
6x  2 y  2x  2 y 0
dx dx
dy
2(3x  y )  2  y  x 
dx
dy 3x  y
 (shown)
dx yx
(ii) dy
At the stationary point, 0
dx
3x  y
0
yx
3x  y  0
y  3 x
Substitute y  3 x into 3 x 2  2 xy  y 2  80
3 x 2  2 x  3 x    3 x   80
2

12 x 2  80
20
x2  
3
Since there is no real solution for x (x 2  0 for x  )
dy
  0 and so the curve has no stationary points.
dx
(iii) dy 3(6)  (2)
At P  6, 2  ,   2
dx 6  (2)
1 1
Gradient of normal at P  6, 2  is   ,
2 2
1 1
And equation of normal at P  6, 2  is y  (2)   x  6  , i.e. y  x  5
2 2
1
Substitute y  x  5 into 3 x 2  2 xy  y 2  80,
2
2
1  1 
3 x  2 x  x  5    x  5   80
2

2  2 
1
3 x 2  x 2  10 x  x 2  5 x  25  80
4
15 2
x  5 x  105  0
4
14
By GC, x  6 (Point P) or x  
3
14 1  14   14 22 
When x   , y   5 Q   ,  
3 2 3   3 3 

8
Qn Suggested Solution
9(i) Method 1 (preferred)
π
Area of R1 

6
π
2sin y dy
12
 0.19980  0.200 (3 s.f.)

Method 2
π π π 

1
Area of R1    2sin   π
sin 1  12 x  dx
6 12  12  2 sin
12
 0.19980  0.200 (3 s.f.)
(ii) Required volume
2 2
π π  π
 π   (1)  π    2sin   π  π  sin 1  12 x   dx
1 2

6  12   12  2sin
12

 0.51032
 0.510 unit 3 (3 s.f.)
(iii) Method 1 (preferred)
Area of R2  ( 3)  π   (1)  π   3  2sin y  dy
π

3 6
π 6
 3 1  π
 π     2 cos y  π3
 3 6 6

π  π π

6
  3

 3)  1  2 cos  cos 
6
π 1  3

  3)  1  2    
6 2 2 
π

6

 3)  1  1   3 
Method 2
3 x
Area of R2   sin 1 dx
1 2
1


3 3
 x 2
  x sin 1   x dx
 2 1  x
2
1
1  
2
3
 x 
  x sin 1  4  x 2 
 2 1
3  1 
  3) sin 1  4  3   sin 1  4  1 
2  2 
π π
  3  1     3
3 6
π

 2 3)  1  1   3
6


9
 Qn Suggested Solution
10(a) dy
2 xy  4 x 2 y 4  y 2  1
dx
dw dy
Given w  xy 2   2 xy  y 2
dx dx
dy dw
2 xy   y2
dx dx
dw
  y 2  4w2  y 2  1
dx
dw
 4w2  1, i.e. a  4, b  1
dx
1 dw
4
1 dx
w 
2

4
1
 2 1 dw  41dx
w 
4
2 tan 1  2w  4 x  C
tan 1  2 w   2 x  D (where D  C / 2)
2w  tan  2 x  D 
tan  2 x  D 
y2 
2x
(b) d2n 
t
 e 4
dt 2
t
dn 
 4e 4  C
dt
t

n  16e 4
 Ct  D

Given n  30, t  0,
30  16  D  D  14

n / thousands

30

O 14.4 t / weeks

10
 Qn Suggested solutions
11(i) Method 1
( a) (b ) ( c)
ln x   ln( x  1)  ln(3x  1)  ln(3x  1)
(a) Translate by 1 unit in the positive x-direction.
1
(b) Scale by a factor of parallel to the x-axis.
3
(c) Reflection in the x-axis
OR (c) followed by (a) & (b).

Method 2
(a) (b )  1  (c )
ln x   ln(3x)  ln  3( x  )   ln(3x  1)
 3 
1
(a) Scale by a factor of parallel to the x-axis.
3
1
(b) Translate by /3 unit in the positive x-direction
(c) Reflection in the x-axis
OR (c) followed by (a) & (b).
(ii) y

y = g(x)

4
(4, )
3
(3, 1)
O 4 x
x=1
(iii) y

y = f(x)

1 Rg = [1,)
O x
 ln 2

1
x
3

g f
(1, 4]  [1, )  (,  ln(3  1)]
Rfg  (,  ln 2] or  , ln 
1
Therefore,
 2 

11
11(iv) From the graph, the minimum point is (3, 1)
OR
4
The graph of y  g( x)   has a line of symmetry x  3
( x  3)2  4

Therefore, least value of k = 3.

Reason:
When the domain of g is restricted to 3  x  4, the line y  b, b  , cuts the
graph of y  g( x) at most once.
OR
4
The line y  b (1  b  ) cuts the graph of y  g( x) exactly once.
3
That is, g is 1-1. Thus, g 1 exists.
(v)(a) 4
Let y   2
x  6x  5
4

( x  3)2  4
4
( x  3) 2  4  
y
4
x  3    4  ) ( 3  x  4  x  3  0)
y
4
x  3   4  )
y
1 4
 g ( x)  3    4  )
x
(v)(b)  16 
Since the point   ,  lies on the graph of y  gh( x),
 15 
16
gh( ) 
15
 16 
g gh( )  g1  
1

 15 
4 1 1
h( )  3    4  )  3  )  3
16 4 2
15

12
 Qn Suggested Solution
12(i) AE  CE
 4   0 
   
  0    3 
 2 2
   
6  3
   
  8   2 4
12  6
   
Equation of p :

 3  4  3
    
r.  4    0  .  4   12
6  0  6
    
Cartesian equation of p : 3x  4 y  6 z  12

(ii) Let the acute angle be  .

 3  0
  
 4  . 0 
6 1
   6
cos   
32  42  62 61
  39.8 o

(iii)  3
 
Equation of l : r    4  ,  
6
 
Equation of plane containing B,C, G and H
0 0 0
    
r.  1    3  .  1   3
0 0 0
    

At the intersection,
 3  0
  4  .  1   3
 6  0
  
3

4
 3
3 
OT   4 
4 
6

13
  3
 
AT .  4 
6
Perpendicular distance from T to p   
 3
 
 4
6
 
 3  3
   
OT .  4   OA.  4 
6 6
   

61
 3  3
3   
4 . 4  12
4    
6 6

61
135
 61
244

Alternative
 3
3  3
OT   4   61
4  4
6 l

Perpendicular distance from O to p T

12 12
 
 3 61
 
 4
6
 

Perpendicular distance from T to p

3 12
 61 
4 61
O
3 12
 61  61
4 61
135
 61
244

14
12(iv) Let the points be Q1 and Q2.
Q1

T
2d
d
p
C
2d

Q2

CQ1  2CT and CQ2  2CT

  3 0 
 3      
CQ1  2    4    3  
   6   0 
4

9 9
1  1 
OQ1  OC   0  OQ2  OC    0 
2  2 
18  18 
 9   0  9   0
1    1   
OQ1   0    3  OQ2    0    3 
2    2   
18   0  18   0 
9  9 
1  1 
 6   6 
2  2 
18   18 

The possible position vectors of the point Q are

9  9 
1  1 
 6  and  6 
2  2 
18   18 

15
 Index Number: Class:
Name:

DUNMAN HIGH SCHOOL

Preliminary Examination
Year 6

MATHEMATICS (Higher 2) 9740/02

Paper 2 23 September 2015

3 hours
Additional Materials: Answer Paper
Graph paper
List of Formulae (MF15)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Name, Index Number and Class on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the
case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically
states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you
are required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not
calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For teachers’ use:

Qn Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Total

Score
Max
10 10 10 10 4 5 7 7 8 8 10 11 100
Score

© DHS 2015 This question paper consists of 6 printed pages (including this cover page).
 2

Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

1 A sequence u1 , u2 , u3 , ... is such that u1  1 and

4
4
un1  un  , for all n  1.
n (n  1)(n  2)2
2

1
(i) Use the method of mathematical induction to prove that un  . [4]
n (n  1)2
2

 n (n  1)(n  2)
1
(ii) Hence find 2 2
. [2]
n 1

(iii) Give a reason why the series in part (ii) is convergent and state the sum to infinity. [2]
N

 n( n
1
(iv) Use your answer to part (ii) to find . [2]
n2
2
 1) 2

2 [It is given that a right circular cone with base radius r and height h has volume 13 πr 2 h, and
the curved surface area is πrl , where l is the slanted height of the cone.]

5x

12x

The model of a silo is made up of three parts.

 The roof is modelled by the curved surface of a right circular cone with base radius 12x cm
and height 5x cm.
 The walls are modelled by the curved surface of a cylinder of radius 12x cm and height y cm.
 The floor is modelled by a circular disc of radius 12x cm.

The three parts are joined together as shown in the diagram. The model is made of material of
negligible thickness.

The curved surface of the cone is made of material A at the cost of $0.05 per cm2. The curved
surface of the cylinder and the base of the cylinder are made of material B at the cost of $0.02
per cm2.

Given that it costs $100 to make the model, show that the volume V cm3 of the model is given by

V  30000 x  2964πx3.

Hence find, using differentiation, the values of x and y which give a model of maximum volume.
[10]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination [Turn over

 3

4
3 (i) Given that the complex number z satisfies the equation z  , show that z  2. [1]
z*
(ii) Express 1  i   in the form r ei . [1]

(iii) On a single Argand diagram, sketch the loci

(a) z  4 ,
z*
(b) z  2  z  1  i   . [3]

(iv) The complex numbers z1 and z2 satisfy the equations z  4 and z  2  z  1  i   ,

z*
where arg( z1 )  arg( z2 ). Find the exact values of z1 and z2 , giving your answers in the form
x  iy. [4]
4
(v) Another complex number w satisfies w  and 12 π  arg w  π .
w*
Explain why arg( z1  w )  arg( z2  w )  12 π. [1]

4 A farmer owns a parcel of land that is partially covered with weed. The area that is covered with
weed increases by 80 m2 each week. The farmer decides to start weeding. At the start of the first
week of weeding, 500 m2 of the land is covered with weed.

(i) In option 1, the farmer removes weed from 10% of the area covered with weed at the end of
each week.

(a) Find the area covered with weed at the end of the second week. [2]

(b) Show that the area covered with weed at the end of the nth week is given by
(0.9n (500)  k (1  0.9n )) m2 , where k is a constant to be determined. [3]

(c) Find the area covered with weed at the end of a week in the long run. [1]

(ii) In option 2, the farmer removes weed from an area of 50 m2 at the end of the first week. He
removes weed from an additional area of 10 m2 at the end of each subsequent week. Thus he
removes weed from an area of 60 m2 at the end of the second week, and 70 m2 at the end of
the third week, and so on.

(a) Show that the change in the area covered with weed in the nth week is given by
(40  10n) m2. [1]

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the area covered with weed at the end of the nth week in terms
of n. [3]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination [Turn over

 4

Section B: Statistics [60 marks]

5 A student decides to conduct a survey in his secondary school. His school consists of four levels,
with 400 students in each level.

(i) The student randomly surveys 10 students from level 1, 20 students from level 2, 30 students
from level 3 and 40 students from level 4. Explain whether this method is stratified
sampling. [1]

(ii) Describe how a quota sample of size 40 might be obtained, and state one disadvantage of
quota sampling. [3]

6 The Amazing Hair Salon offers hairstyling services to both male and female customers. The
times spent (in minutes) at the hair salon by male and female customers, denoted by M and F,
respectively, are modelled as having independent normal distributions with means and standard
deviations as shown in the table.

Mean Standard Deviation

M µ 18
F 71 35

(i) Given that P(M  32)  P(M  67), state the value of µ. [1]

(ii) Find the probability that the average time spent by five randomly chosen female customers
is more than 3 times the time spent by a randomly chosen male customer. State clearly the
mean and variance of any normal distribution you use in your calculation. [3]

(iii) A statistician commented that the normal distribution given above for the times spent by
female customers is not an appropriate model. What could be his reason for making this
comment? [1]

7 Data is transmitted in bytes, where each byte consists of 8 bits. The probability of a bit being
corrupted during its transmission is 0.03. A byte is considered ‘corrupted’ if it contains at least 2
corrupted bits. Assume that all bits are not corrupted prior to their transmission.

(i) Show that the probability that a randomly chosen byte is corrupted during its transmission is
0.0223. [1]

(ii) Given that a randomly chosen byte is not corrupted during its transmission, find the
probability that it contains no corrupted bits. [3]

(iii) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that between 5 and 10 bytes are
corrupted during the transmission of 100 bytes. State the parameter(s) of the distribution you
use. [3]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination [Turn over

 5

8 A family of seven, consisting of two sisters, three brothers and their parents, is queuing up in a
line outside a restaurant.
Find the number of ways in which the family can queue up if
(i) one parent is standing at the front and one parent is standing at the back of the queue, [1]
(ii) the person standing in between the parents is one of the brothers. [3]
Upon entering the restaurant, the family is seated at a round table.
(iii) Find the number of ways they can be seated such that no two brothers are next to each other.
[3]

9 For independent events A and B, it is given that P( A B)  0.05 and P( A B)  0.55.

(i) Find P( A) and P( B ) if P( A)  P(B). [4]

For a third event C, P(C ) = 0.5 and P ( A ' B ' | C ) = 0.95.

(ii) Find P( A B C ). [3]

(iii) State, with reason, whether the events A and C are mutually exclusive. [1]

10 In an experiment, different quantities of fertilizer, x ml, were given to seven radish plants of the
same height. The heights, y mm, of the plants were measured after ten days. The results are given
in the table.
x 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
y 407 412 420 434 450 465 490

(i) Draw a scatter diagram to illustrate the data. [1]

It is suggested that the height y can be modelled by one of the formulae

y  a  bx or y  c  dx 2
where a, b, c and d are constants.

(ii) Find, correct to 4 decimal places, the value of the product moment correlation coefficient
between
(a) x and y,
(b) x 2 and y. [2]

(iii) Use your answers to parts (i) and (ii) to explain which of y  a  bx or y  c  dx 2 is the
better model. [1]
(iv) It is desired to estimate the value of x for which y  440. Explain why neither the regression
line of x on y nor the regression line of x 2 on y should be used. [1]

(v) By finding the equation of a suitable regression line, find the required estimate in part (iv).
Comment on the reliability of your estimate. [3]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination [Turn over

 6

11 A call centre has two hotlines: one for enquiries and one for complaints. Over a long period of
time, it is found that the average numbers of calls received by the enquiry and complaint hotlines
in a minute are 2 and 3 respectively.

(i) State, in this context, two conditions that must be met for the numbers of calls received by
each hotline to be well modelled by Poisson distributions. [2]

For the remainder of this question, assume that these conditions are met. You should assume that
the two hotlines receive calls independently of each other.

(ii) The probability that no more than 1 call is received by the complaint hotline in t minutes is
1105. Find an equation for t. Hence find the value of t, giving your answer to the nearest
whole number. [3]

(iii) Find the probability that the total number of calls received by both hotlines in a randomly
chosen period of 10 minutes is more than 40. [2]

(iv) Use a suitable approximation to find the probability that, in a randomly chosen period of 10
minutes, the number of calls received by the complaint hotline exceed the number of calls
received by the enquiry hotline. State the parameter(s) of the distribution you use. [3]

12 In 2012, the National Health Board (NHB) of a certain country reported a mean cholesterol level
of 199 mg/dL (milligrams per decilitre) for people living in its cities. An employee of the NHB,
Abbey, carried out a study in 2015 to test if the mean cholesterol level of city-dwellers has
increased. The cholesterol levels, x mg/dL, of a random sample of 90 city-dwellers are measured
and the data are summarised by

 ( x  120)  7380,  ( x  120)  629982.

2

(i) Find the unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance. [2]
(ii) Carry out Abbey’s test, at the 5% significance level. [3]

Another NHB employee, Betty, was tasked to investigate the cholesterol level of people living in
the countryside. She collected a random sample of 20 to test, at the 10% significance level,
whether people living in the countryside has the same mean cholesterol level as that reported by
NHB in 2012 for city-dwellers. The sample mean is y mg/dL and the sample variance is
281.5 (mg/dL)2 .

(iii) Use an algebraic method to calculate the set of values of y for which the null hypothesis
would not be rejected for Betty’s test. (Answers obtained by trial and improvement from a
calculator will obtain no marks.) [4]

State an assumption about the population that is necessary for the test conducted by Betty to be
valid. Explain why, for Abbey’s test to be carried out, the same assumption need not be made
about the population being studied by her. [2]

DHS 2015 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination [Turn over

 2015 H2 MATHS YR 6 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION PAPER 2
SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS

Qn Suggested Solution
1(i) 1 4
Given u1  and un 1  un  2 , n  1.
4 n (n  1)(n  2)2
1
Let P(n) be the proposition that un  2 , n  1.
n (n  1) 2
Consider P(1):
1
LHS = u1  (given)
4
1 1
RHS = 2   LHS Hence P(1) is true.
1 (1  1) 2
4

 1
Assume P(k) is true for some k  , i.e. uk 
k (k  1)2
2

Consider P(k+1).
LHS  uk 1
4
 uk 
k (k  1)(k  2) 2
2

1 4
 2  2
k (k  1) k (k  1)(k  2) 2
2

(k  2) 2  4(k  1)

k 2 (k  1) 2 (k  2) 2
k2
 2
k (k  1) 2 (k  2) 2
1
 = RHS Hence P(k) is true  P(k+1) is true.
(k  1) (k  2) 2
2

Since P(1) is true & P(k) is true  P(k+1) is true, by mathematical induction,
1
un  2 for all n  1 .
n (n  1) 2

1
   4 (u 
N N


(ii) 1 1
  un1 ) 
n (n  1)(n  2)2 n 1
n

2
n 1

1 N
  (un  un 1 )
4 n 1
 1
 4 [  u1  u2 

   u2  u3 


  (u N 1  u N )

  (u N  u N 1 )]
1
  u1  u N 1 
4
11 1 
   
4  4 ( N  1) 2 ( N  2) 2 
1 1
 
16 4( N  1) ( N  2) 2
2

(iii) 1
As N  , 0
4( N  1)2 ( N  2)2
N

 n (n  1)(n  2)
1 1 1
So 2 2
 0 
n 1
16 16


 n (n  1)(n  2)
1 1
Hence, the series is convergent and 2 2

n 1
16

N N

  (n  1) n(n  1)
(iv) 1 1

n2
n(n  1) 2
2
n2
2 2

n 1 N

 (n  1) n(n  1)
1
= 2 2
(Replace n by n  1)
n 1 2
N 1

 n (n  1)(n  2)
1
 2 2
n 1

1 1
 
16 4( N  1  1) 2 ( N  1  2) 2
1 1
 
16 4 N ( N  1) 2
2

2
Qn Suggested Solution
2 Surface area of cone  π(12 x)(13x)  156πx 2
Surface area of side and bottom of model
 π(12 x)2  2π(12 x) y  144πx2  24πxy

Cost of making the cone in dollars

 156πx 2  0.05  7.8πx 2
Cost of making the side and bottom of model in dollars
 (144πx2  24πxy)  0.02   2.88πx2  0.48πxy

Total cost of making model in dollars

= 7.8πx2  2.88πx2  0.48πxy  10.68πx2  0.48πxy
Given that the model costs $100 to make,
10.68πx 2  0.48πxy  100
100  10.68πx 2
y ...... (1)
0.48πx
V, Volume of the model
1
 π 12 x  y  π 12 x   5x   48πx 2 (5x  3 y )
2 2

3
Substituting equation (1) into V,
  100  10.68πx 2  
V  48πx 2  5 x  3  
  0.48πx 
 240πx  30000 x  3204πx
3 3

 30000 x  2964πx3 (shown)

dV
 30000  8892πx 2  0
dx
30000
x  1.0363 (5 s.f.) = 1.04 (3 s.f.)
8892π
 30000 
100  10.68π  
y  8892π   63.968
 40.9 (3 s.f.)
30000 0.48π 1.0363
0.48π
8892π

d 2V
 17784πx  0 x0
dx 2
 maximum volume occurs when x  1.04 and y  40.9.

3
Qn Suggested Solution
3(i) Method 1 Method 2 Method 3
4 Let z  x  iy Let z  rei
z
z* 4 4
x  iy  rei 
zz*  4 x  iy re i
z 4 x2  y 2  4 r2  4
2

z 2 z  0 (shown) z  x2  y 2 z  r  4  2 (shown)
 4  2 (shown)
(ii)  π
i  
1  3i  2e  3

(iii) Let A, B, P, Q be points that represent the complex numbers 2 , 1  3i, z1 and z2
respectively.
locus of
Im
z  2  z  1  3i
4 2
locus of z 
z* P( z1 )

A O
2 
π
2 Re
3

Q ( z2 )
2 
B 1,  3 
(iv) Method 1
Since P( z1 ) and Q( z2 ) lie on circle (centred at origin) of radius 2,
z1  z2  2
2π
AOB 
3
π
AOQ  QOB   angle bisector 
3
2π
 arg ( z2 )  
3
 2π 
i  
 z2  2e  1  3i
 3 

π
arg ( z1 )  (angle on straight line)
3
π
i 
 z1  2e 3
 1  3i

4
 Method 2
Cartesian equation of circle:
x2  y 2  22 ---(1)
 3 0 3 1
Gradient of line AB:  
1   2  3 3
 1 
Gradient of perpendicular bisector  1/    3
 3
Cartesian equation of perpendicular bisector:
y  0  3  x  0
y  3x ---(2)
Solving (1) and (2),
x  1 or x  1
y 3 y 3
 z1  1  3i and z2  1  3i
(v) Let R be the point that represent the complex numbers w.
Im
locus of
4 2
locus of z  z  2  z  1  3i
z* P( z1 )
R ( w)

O
2 2 Re

Q ( z2 )

Note that PQ forms the diameter of the circle centred at origin with radius 2 units.
arg  z1  w   arg  z2  w 
π
 PRQ   right angle in semicircle 
2

5
Qn Suggested Solution
4(i)(a) Area covered by weed at the end of the first week  0.9(500  80)
 0.9(500)  80(0.9) m2
 0.9(0.9(500)  80(0.9)  80)
Area covered by weed at the end of the second week  0.92 (500)  80(0.9  0.92 )
 541.8 m 2

(b) Area covered by weed at the end of the nth week

 0.9n  500   80(0.9  0.92  ...  0.9n )
 1  0.9n 
 0.9n  500   0.9(80)  
 0.1 
 0.9n  500   720 1  0.9n  m2 Therefore, k  720.

(c) As n  , 0.9n  0
So 0.9  500  720(1  0.9 )  0(500)  720(1  0)  720
n n

Hence the area covered with weed at the end of the week in the long run is 720 m2.

(ii)(a) Change in area covered with weed in the nth week

 80  (50  10(n  1))
 40  10n m 2

(b) Area covered with weed at the end of the nth week
n
 500   (40  10r )
r 1
n n
 500   40  10 r
r 1 r 1

n 
 500  40n  10  (1  n) 
2 
 500  35n  5n m
2 2

Qn Suggested Solution
5(i) Each level/strata is not proportionally represented and hence not stratified sampling.
(ii) Divide the students of the school into strata in terms of age or gender. Select the number
of students in each stratum e.g. 15 male and 35 female students for the survey in order to
meet the quota. Then stand at the entrance of the school at the start of a school day to
survey the first 15 male and first 35 female students that enter the school.

One disadvantage of quota sampling is that the sample obtained is likely to be biased as
students who come to school later will not have a chance to be considered (or selected).

6
Qn Suggested Solution
6(i) Given P(M  32)  P(M  67),

By symmetry,
32  67
  49.5
2 | x
32 µ 67

(ii) Given that M and F are times spent in minutes by a randomly chosen male and female
customer, respectively.
i.e. M ~ N( 49.5, 182 ) , F ~ N(71, 352 )

F1  F2  F3  F4  F5 352
Then F  ~ N( 71, )
5 5
352 2 2
F  3M ~ N(71  3(49.5),  3 (18 ))
5

i.e. F  3M ~ N(  77.5, 3161)

P( F  3M )  P( F  3M  0)  0.084033  0.0840 (3 s.f.)
(iii) For F ~ N(71, 352 ), P( F  0)  0.0213
The probability that the time spent by a female customer being less than zero is not
negligible.
OR
The probability 0.0213 suggests that for every 100 customers, more than 2 spend less than
zero minutes at the salon.

Since time is a non-negative quantity, the normal distribution with the given mean and
standard deviation is not an appropriate model.

7
Qn Suggested Solution
7(i) Let X denote the number of bits that are corrupted during the transmission process, out of
8 bits. X B(8,0.03).
P( X  2)
 1  P( X  1)
 0.022341 (to 5 s.f.)
= 0.0223 (3 s.f.) (shown)
(ii) Required probability
 P( X  0 | X  2)
P( X  0 and X  2)

P( X  2)
P( X  0)

P( X  1)
0.78374

1  0.0233
 0.802 (3 s.f.)
(iii) Let Y denote the number of bytes that are corrupted during the transmission process, out
of 100 bytes. Y B(100,0.0223).

Since n  100  50 is large and p is small enough such that np  0.0223(100)  2.23  5,
Y Po (2.23) approximately.

P(5  Y  10)
 P(Y  9)  P(Y  5)
 0.0263 (3 s.f.)

Qn Suggested Solution
8(i) Required number of ways
 5! 2!
 240
(ii) Required number of ways
3 C1  2! 5!
 720
Explanation:
Number of ways to choose a brother = 3 C1
Number of ways to arrange the 2 parents in the group of chosen brother and parents = 2!
Number of ways to arrange the group of 3 with the remaining 4 people =5!
(iii) Required number of ways
 (4  1)!  4 C3  3!
 144
Explanation:
Number of ways to arrange PPSS at the round table first = (4  1)!
Number of ways to slot in the brothers = 4 C3  3!
8
Qn Suggested Solution
9(i) Let P( A)   and P( B)   .
P( A)  P( B)  P( A B)  P( A B)
 0.55  0.05  0.6
     0.6 (1)

Since A and B are independent,

P( A B)  P( A) P( B)
   0.05
0.05
i.e.   (2)


Sub (2) into (1):

0.05
   0.6

 2  0.6  0.05  0
  0.5 or   0.1 (3)
Sub (3) into (1):
  0.1 or   0.5
Since    , P( A)  0.1 and P( B)  0.5

(ii) Method 1
P( A ' B ' | C )
 1  P(( A ' B ') ' | C )
 1  P( A B | C )
P( A B C )
 1
P(C )
P( A B C )
 1  0.95
0.5
 P( A B C )  0.05  0.5  0.025.

Method 2
P( A ' B ' | C )
P( A ' B '  C )
  0.95
P(C )
P( A ' B '  C )  0.95  0.5  0.475
P( A B C )  P(C )  P( A ' B '  C )
 0.5  0.475
 0.025

(iii) Since P( A C)  P( A B C)  0.025  0, A and C are not mutually exclusive.

9
Qn Suggested Solution
10(i) y
490

407
10 40 x

(ii) (a) r  0.9781 (4 d.p) (b) r  0.9985 (4 d.p)

(iii) From part (i), the values of y are increasing at an increasing rate or the points concave
upwards which is similar to that of a quadratic graph.
From part (ii), the r-value between x 2 and y is closer to 1 than the r-value between x and y
indicating a stronger positive linear relationship between x 2 and y.
 y  c  dx 2 is the better model.
(iv) As y is the dependent variable and x is the independent (controlled) variable, neither the
regression line of x on y nor the regression line of x2 on y should be used.

(v) Equation of regression line of y on x 2 ,

y  399.60  0.055326 x 2 (5 s.f)
y  400  0.0553x 2 (3 s.f)
When y  440,
440  399.60  0.055326 x 2
x  27.0 (x  0)
The estimate is reliable as there is a strong positive linear relationship between x 2 and y and
interpolation is used, i.e. the value of y is within the data range.

10
Qn Suggested Solution
11(i) 1) The number of calls received by each hotline occurs at a constant average rate per unit
time.
2) Each call received by each hotline is made independently of other calls received by the
same hotline.
(ii) Let C denote the number of calls received by the complaint hotline in a randomly chosen
period of t minutes.
y
C ~ Po(3t).
Given P(C  1)  1105
 P(C  0)  P(C  1)  105
3t (3t )0 (3t )1  5
e     10
 0! 1! 
 e 3t (1  3t )  105
O 4.74 t
From GC,
t  4.74  5 (to nearest whole number)

(iii) Let X and Y denote the number of calls received by the enquiry hotline and the complaint
hotline in a randomly chosen period of 10 minutes, respectively.

X ~ Po(10(2)) i.e. X ~ Po(20). Y~ Po(10(3)) i.e. Y ~ Po(30).

Since X and Y are independent,
X +Y~ Po(20+30) i.e. X +Y~ Po(50).
P( X +Y  40)
 1  P( X +Y  40)
 0.914 (to 3 s.f.)

(iv) Since X  20  10, and  Y  30  10,

X N(20, 20)approximately and Y N(30,30)approximately.

Since X and Y are independent,

Y  X N(30  20,30  20) approximately i.e. Y  X N(10,50) approximately.

P(Y  X )  P(Y  X  0)
 P(Y  X  0.5) (by continuity correction)
= 0.910 (to 3 s.f.)

11
Qn Suggested Solution
12(i) An unbiased estimate for the population mean is
x
 ( x  120)  120  7380  120  202
n 90

An unbiased estimate for the population variance is

1  (  ( x  120)) 
2
s2    ( x  120) 2
 
n  1  n 
1  73802 
 629982   278.90  279 (3 s.f.)
89  90 

(ii) Let X represent the cholesterol level (in mg/dL) of a city-dweller with population mean .
To test H0:  = 199 vs H1:  > 199
Perform 1-tail test at 5% significance level
Under H0,
 s2 
X ~ N  0 ,  approximately, by Central Limit Theorem, since n is large, where
 n
0  199.
From the sample, x  202, s  278.90 and n  90.
Using z-test, p-value = 0.0442 (3 s.f.)
Since p-value  0.05, we reject H0 and conclude that there is sufficient evidence at 5%
significance level that the mean cholesterol level of city-dwellers has increased.

(iii) Let Y represent the cholesterol level (in mg/dL) of a person living in the countryside with
population mean .

To test H0 :   199 vs H1 :   199

Perform 2-tail test at 10% significance level.

Assume that cholesterol levels of people living in the countryside are normally distributed.

Since the sample size of 20 is small and  2 is unknown,

Under H0,
Y  0
T ~ t (n  1), where 0  199
S/ n

From the sample,

n 20
n  20, s2  (sample variance)  (281.5)  296.32
n 1 20  1

12
For H 0 to be NOT rejected at 10% significance level, the test statistic must not lie in the
critical region, i.e.

y  199
 1.7291  < 1.7291
296.32
20
 
 21.047  y  199 < 21.047
 192.34  y  205.66
c1 μ0 c2
(critical region) (critical region)
Do not reject H0
Set of values of y   y  :193  y  205
(3 s.f.)

For Betty’s t-test to be valid, the cholesterol levels of people living in the countryside are
assumed to be normally distributed.

For Abbey’s z-test, it is not necessary to assume that the cholesterol levels of people living
in the cities are normally distributed. Since the sample size is large i.e. n ≥ 50, by Central
Limit Theorem, the sample mean X is approximately normally distributed even if X is
not.

13