Assertion-Reasoning Type Questions tions consist of {wo statement he senna tins encase te nto wt S carefully and decide which of the following codes based vo oR and Reason (R) is correct oo , 5: tnié’a fa gd Rae inviduly te ad isthe comet explanation of A ot re individually true but R ed Ra y is not the correct expl ; we at Ris alse planation of A. A ge but Ris HUE yas ic Table, Periodic Properties Reasor m (R) : Properties depend pend upon the number of and Variations of Properties electrons in the valence shell. (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 a4 assertion (A) § Second period consists of 8 ii cements ‘i s gon (R) : Number of elements in each period is Fotis the number of atomic orbitals available energy level that is being filled. 1. Assertion (A): Ifthe electron affinity value is high, - Ne: — the anions are formed easily i ion (A) In a Dobereine’ tad, he te Reason (R) : Tonic bonding is favoured by high : have the same diffe i cen ae clements present ifference of atomic ayn aya 8 gd — 2. Assertion (A) : Atoms can combine either by the Reason (R) + Elements in a triad have similar transfer of valence electrons from one atom t0 properties: ‘another or by sharing of valence electrons. @1 2 ©3 @4 Reason (R) : Sharing and transfer of valence 3, Assertion (A) = ‘Smaller the size of an atom greater electrons is done by atoms to have an octet in their is its electronegativity. valence shell. Reason (R) : Electronegatvity isthe tendeney of ery "4 a attract shared pair of electrons towards | 3, Assertion (A) : Ionic compounds conduct electricity an atom to itself in a molecule. in molten or aqueous state @1 (b) 2 (©) 3 (a4 Reason (R) : Ionic compounds consist of molecules. Jaced in group I @l (b) 2 (3 @4 (A) : Hydrogen is 4, Assertion Hydrogen ca? Reason (R) ! gain an electron €© | 4, Assertion (A): A pair of electrons not shared with any other atom is known as a lone pair. configuration achieve noble gas CO” . acl is e 1? 3 (4 4, Reason (R) : Ammonium ion has lone pair. @,4 (a: atomic size increases along a Per" ai @1 2 ©3 4 5, Assertion » ecve near mre eS 5, Assertion (A) : Electrovalent compounds conduct Reason (R) ie nt electricity even in solid state. atomic num! A @3 Ala Reason (R) : Electrovalent compounds are @) 1} eneninvene composed of ions. 7 som A @Mt 2 3 4 . 7) Bas.1, Aseertion (A): Allacds form hydronium ions when dissolved in water. Reason (R) : Every acid has hydrogen as the necessary element. 1 (b)2 (c) 3 (4 2, Assertion (A) ; All bases react with acids to form salt and water only. Reason (R) : All alkalies are bases but all bases are not alkalies, @1 2 ©3 4 3. Assertion (A) : Acids which contain carbon are necessarily organic acids. Reason (R) : All organic acids are derived from plants and animals. @1 2 @©3 @4 4. Assertion (A) : Acids have a pH of more than 7. Reason (R) : Acids produce hydronium ions as the only positively charged ion in solution @1 2 @3 @4 5. Assertion (A) : Iron (III) chloride is stored in a moisture proof container. Reason (R) : Iron (Ill) chloride is hygroscopic in nature @1 2 ©3 4 6. Assertion (A) : Water is added to acids to dit it Reason (R) : The addition of water to acids is a highly exothermic reaction. ‘Splashes of acid solution ‘may come in contact with skin and container may also break. @1 2 @3 @4 1. Assertion (A) : Calcium salt solution does not show any change even after adding an excess of ammonia} solution to it Reason (R) : The low concentration of hydroxide jon in ammonium hydroxide solution which are ‘unable o precipitate the hydroxide ions of calcium. 2, Assertion (A) : Iron (II) salt solu ammonium hydroxide forms ad) Reason (R) : Iron salts are brov (a 1 (by (c) 3 3, Assertion (A) : Hydrogen gas metals like Zn, Al, Pb react with « Reason (R) : Alkalies are soluble (a) 1 (b)2 (3 4. Assertion (A) : Oxides of most of basic in nature, Reason (R) : All metal oxides diss forming alkalies, @1 2&3 5. Assertion (A) : Zinc oxide reacts with; as bases to form salt and water Reason (R) : Zinc oxide is amphoteric i @ 1 (b) 2 () 3 « 5. Mole concept and Stoichiomett 1, Assertion (A) : According to gas equ I Reason (R) : On combining Boyle's law and Ch, law, ‘volume of a given mass of a dry gas vi inversely asthe pressure and directly’ asthe abso temperature.” @1 2 ©3 @s4 2. Assertion (A) : The absolute scale of temperature the Kelvin scale ‘Reason (R) : Kelvin scale stars from °C. @1 2 ©3 4 3. Assertion (A) :Triatomic molecules consis of four atoms, Reason (R) : Monoatomic molecules contain only ‘one atom. @1 2 «3 we Assertion (A) : One litre of hydrogen weighs the same as one litre of oxygen Reason (R) : One litre of hydrogen contains the same umber of molecules as one lire of oxygen, M1 2 @s ws @1 2 ©3 ws a+ Momic mass is expressed in atomic jon (A) accel ssi ; pews (R= vie mS lfinel as times Re nas carbo 12 ‘ ) 1 (b) 2 (ec) 3 (dy 4 a 1 eto (A): Slur sa octane motente Faso (RY The mambor of tons ina molecule of an cement is own as atomicity, wt @2 3 wa «_gertion (A) One mole of @ B46 occupies 24.4 "res at STP. peason (RY: The mass of one mole of a as is equal spits molecular mass wl @2 © 3 a 6. Electrolysis an 1, Assertion (A): Electrolysis establishes a relationship tetween electrical energy and chemical energy. Reason (R) : Substances like metals, carbon (graphite) are conductors while salts like NaCl, KCI are electrolytes. @1 ©2 ©3 (4 2. Assertion (A) : Benzene acts as non-electrolyte Reason (R) : Benzene does not have free ions. (a) 1 (by 2 (©) 3 @4 3, Assertion (A) : Metals and alloys conduct electricity with the help of electrons. Reason (R) : Non-metals do not have free electrons, (1 2 ©) 3 @4 4. Assertion (A) : Weak electrolytes do not allow any electricity to flow through them. Reason (R) : Substances which are composed of only molecules do not allow any current to flow through ‘iu 2 © wa 5. Assertion (A) +: NaCl is an example of an electrolyte Reason (R) : NaCl conducts electricity in aaueous ‘molten state. ‘o 1 2 OF alia or 6, Assertion (A) + An electrolyte can Dea salt. pall Reason (R) : An electrolyte is a substance which can conduct electricity in aqueous or molten state. fay 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 . Assertion (A) : Oxidation occurs at the anode Reason (R) Electrons are gained at the anode. (a) | (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 «Assertion (A) : Polar covalent compounds can form tons when dissolved in water. Reason (R) : Electrovalent compounds show dissociation (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 ). Assertion (A) : A block of pure silver metal is used as anode during silver plating. Reason (R) : Silver ions are deposited as metal at the anode. (a) 1 (b) 2 () 3 (d)4 7. Metallurgy |. Assertion (A) : Hydrogen is a non-metal and forms positive ions. Reason (R) : Metals are defined as the elements which form positive ions by the loss of electrons. @1 2 ©3 @4 . Assertion (A) : Sodium and potassium are reactive elements, Reason (R) : Sodium and potassium occur in free states. @ 1 b)2 © 3 @4 . Assertion (A) : Minerals are the substances from which metals can be extracted profitably. Reason (R) : Ores are those minerals from which metals are extracted commercially and profitably. @1 2 ©3 @4 } Assertion (A) : Aluminium is extracted from its ore bauxite Reason (R) : Bauxite isthe only ore of aluminium, “ 1 (b) 2 3 @4 Assertion (A) : Metallur H rey deals with the i ‘nd purification of metals oc Reason (R) : Redi + Reduction is extacton of meal NE methods of M1 2 3 @46, Assertion (A) : The concentration of aluminium is not done by leaching process. Reason (R) : In leaching process, the ore is dissolved in an acid or alkali (1 (b)2 © 3 4 7. Assertion (A) Bayer’s process is used in the extraction of aluminium from its main ore. is done for the Reason (R) : Bayer’s proc: refinement of aluminium. @1 2 @©3 8. Assertion (A) : Reactive metals like magnesium cannot be obtained by reduction. Reason (R) : Reactive metals have a great affinity towards oxygen. @4 Ieium, @1 2 ©3 @4 9. Assertion (A) : Aluminium is obtained from its oxide by electrolysis. Reason (R) : Aluminium has a great affinity towards oxygen so common reducing agents are not able to reduce it. @1 2 ©3 (a) 4 Assertion (A) : For electrical heating devices like clectric iron and heater, alloys are used. Reason (R) : Alloys have a greater resistance and low melting point. @1 2 ©3 (4 11. Assertion (A) : Brass is used in making medals, statues, etc, Reason (R) : Brass is hard and easily cast. @1 2 ©3 (@4 1. Assertion (A) : HCI is produced by the reaction of hydrogen and chlorine in diffused sunlight. Reason (R) : This reaction is explosive in sunlight. (1 (by 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 2. Assertion (A) : The Fountain experiment is used to demonstrate the high solubility of HCI pas, Reason (R) : Red litmus solution turns blue in Fountain experiment. (a1 (b)2 (c) 3 (d)4 Assertion (A) + delivery. Reason (R) : HCI gas is heavier than gi, (1 (b)2 (©) 3 as Assertion (A) : HCI gas fures in mois gy Reason (R) : HCI gas is highly soluble yt (by2 (0) 3 Assertion (A) : HCI gas dissolves in y, as organic compounds like toluene. Reason (R) : HCI is «polar covalent company (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (4) 4 Assertion (A): HCI gas is used in the prepa of chlorine and chlorides. Reason (R) : Lead chloride is not HCI. (a) 1 HCI gas is collected 5 Y dOny, (4 ater as wey Produced from 2 ©3 (4 |. Assertion (A) : HCI has sour taste. Reason (R) : HC1 is highly soluble in water. @ 1 (b) 2 (©) 3 @4 9. Study of Compounds — Ammonia 252 |. Assertion (A) : Ammonia does not conduct electricity in gaseous or liquid state. Reason (R) : Ions in ammonia gas or liquid ammonia are not free to move. (a) 1 (b) 2 (©) 3 @4 Assertion (A) : Ammonia is dried by passing through a drying tower containing CaO. Reason (R) : Ammonia being basic in nature reacts with other drying agents. (a1 (b) 2 @4 (3 Assertion (A) : Ammonia and its compounds do not occur in minerals. Reason (R) : Ammonia is not soluble in water. @ 1 2 (©) 3 a4 I. Assertion (A) : In the preparation of ammonia, hydrogen is obtained by Bosch process. Reason (R) : Hydrogen and nitrogen are used in the ratio 1:3, (a) | a4 (b) 2 3gsertion (A) Haber’s process is used to s, Asse cure ammonia. ra (py: The catalyst used in this provess is Rega oxide plan. (b) 2 (c) 3 (d)4 jon (A) ¢ Ammonia is recovered by fon process in Haber’s process. Nitrogen and hydrogen Tiquity with pared to ammonia. ) 3 4 Liquid ammonia is used as a iiguificat reason (R) ¢ aifficulty as com (b)2 on assertion (At * efrigerant in ice plants. Feeason (R) CFC, the main refrigerant, causes elobal warming. (2 © 3 (a) 4 @l assertion (A) : Potassium nitrate and concentrated sulphuric acid are the reactants for the preparation of nitric acid Reason (R) : Sulphuric acid is non volatile. 1 (b) 2 © 3 4 Assertion (A): Nitric acid prepared in the laboratory is yellow in colour. Reason (R) : Brown gas is used in its preparation. @i 2 ©3 @4 Assertion (A) : Catalytic oxidation of Ammonia does not require any external heat in Oswald process. Reason (R) : Catalytic oxidation of ammonia is an endothermic process. (1 2) 3 @4 ‘Assertion (A) : The yellow colour of nitric acid is removed by using carbon dioxide gas or dry ait. Reason (R) : Carbon dioxide gas or dry air drives away NO, gas from the warm nittie acid. @1 2 ©3 @4 . Assertion (A) : Nitric acid reacts with NaOH/KOH to form salt and water. Reason (R) : Alkalies react with acids to form salt and water. (1 (b) 2 ©) 3 4 253 6. Assertion (A) : Cold and dilute nitric acid oxidise metals (o their nitrates and nitric oxide Reason (R) ; Hot and concentrated nitric acid liberates nitrogen dioxide (ay 1 (by 2 [Sy of Compa — Super 1. Assertion (A) : Sulphuric acid is known as the oil of vitriol Reason (R) : Sulphuric acid was first obtained by heating crystals of green vitriol () 3 (4 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (4 2. Assertion (A) : V,O, or Pt is used in the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide. Reason (R) : The catalytic oxidation of SO, is an exothermic reaction, $0 it requires to be heated to about 450°C only in the beginning, @i 2 ©3 4 3, Assertion (A) : Sulphuric acid when dissolved in water forms a basic salt. Reason (R) : Sulphuric acid ionises in two stages, it isa dibasic acid. @1 m2 ©3 (4 4, Assertion (A) : Pure sulphuric acid is almost a non-conductor of electricity Reason (R) : Dilute sulphuric acid is a good conductor of electricity, @1i 2 ©3 @4 5. Assertion (A) + Impurity of arsenic oxide must be removed before passing the mixture of SO, and air through the catalytic chamber. . Reason (R) : Arsenic oxide poisons the catalyst. @1 2 ©3 w4 6. Assertion (A) : Concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in air tight bottles. Reason (R) : Air contains impurities, therefore HS0, will get spoiled. @i 2 ©3 @4 7. Assertion (A) : Sulphuric acid acts as an oxidising agent. Reason (R) : Sulphurie acid produces hydrogen on reacting with zine. @ 1 b)2 3 @4Assertion (A) Carbon shows catenation, Reason (R) : Catenation is the property of self linking by covalent bonds, @1 2 @3 (a + Assertion (A) : Alkynes show addition reactions Reason (R) : Alkanes show substitution reactions @ 1 (2 3 (a4 + Assertion (A): The members of a homologous series can be prepared by using the same general method. Reason (R): The members of a homologous series have the same physical properties. @ 1 @2 © 3 (a4 } Assertion (A) : The brown colour of bromine fades when it is added to ethylene, Chapter-1 /O 2@) 30) 46 3 6 @ Chapter-2 - (b) 2a) 3) 4 (b) 5. (d) Chapter-3 1. (b) 2.(b) 3.) 44) 5, (c) 6 (d) Chapter-4 . (a) 2) 3.0) 4) 5. (a) Chapter-5 1. @ 2(b) 3.) 4.(4) 5. (b) 6 (b) . (d) Chapters 1. (b) 2(a) 3.(b) 4d) 5. (a) 6. (b) I. (c) 8. (b) 9 (c) Chapter-7 1. (b) 2) 3.) 4) 5. (b) 6. (d) (©) 8. (a) 9% (a) 10.(b) I. (a) Assertion (A) : Acetylene buts With Sty fang 254 Reavon (R) : Ethylene sows substitution agg, | (ay 1 (by (©) 3 (4 Reason (R) + Acetylene contains greater cart, content (at (hy 3 (a) 4 . Assertion (A) : On adding ammoniacal silver ntrage to ethyne, it gives a white precipitate. Reason (R) : The above reaction forms sje, acetylide, (1 3 (b) 2 (4 . Assertion (A) : Carboxylic acids react with alcoho, inpresenceof concentrated H,S0, 1 produce afi smell Reason (R) : It is due to the formation of ay aldehyde. (a) 1 (c) 3 (b) 2 (4 1. (b) . (b) 1. (b) Chapter-8 .(b) 2) 3@) 4) Sa) 66) Chapter-9 L© 2@ 30 40 5 6 (a Chapter-10 I. (C) 2) 3 4) 5 (a 6 (b) Chapter-11 L@ 20) 3@ 46) &@) 6) Chapter-12 - b) 2) 36) 40 &@) 6) (©)