Chapter 4 test

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Part 1 – multiple choice

1) According to Newton’s 3rd law the equal and opposite forces do not cancel each other
because
a. They are not really equal c. one force is only imaginary
b. The are on different objects d. only one can cause acceleration

2) You toss a frisbee into the air with a certain force. The equal and opposite force is:
a. The frisbee on your hand c. Gravity on the frisbee
b. Air friction on the frisbee d. The frisbee on the air

3) Two hockey players push off each other on the ice with the same force. One’s mass is
60kg the other’s mass is 80kg. According to conservation of momentum
a. The two will be moving with the same speed
b. The lighter player will be moving slower than the heavier player
c. The lighter player will be moving faster than the heavier player
d. It’s not possible to tell without measurements

4) In an elastic collision between two objects.

a. Objects of different masses will bounce off at the same speed
b. Kinetic energy is conserved
c. Momentum is not conserved
d. One object will change form

5) In an inelastic collision between two objects

a. Kinetic energy is not conserved
b. One object may be deformed
c. The two objects may stick together after the collision
d. All of the above

6) Seat belts play an important role in car crash safety because

a. They lessen the change in momentum when the car stops
b. They add time to the impulse equation F x t, decreasing the force on the
passenger.
c. They maximize momentum by minimizing force.
d. They transfer the force on the passenger from the car to the seat belt.

Part 2 – Calculate the following SHOW WORK

Equation for elastic collisions m1v1 = m2v2
v2= 15kg/9kgx 3m/s= 5/3 x 3m/s= 5 m/s
1) v2 = ? v1 = 3m/s, m1=15kg, m2=9kg _________________________________

m1= 14kg x 6m/s / 7m/s. 84kgxm/s/7m/s = 12kg

2) m1= ? v1=7m/s, m2=14kg, v2=6m/s ___________________________________
 v1= 15kgx4m/s /5kg= 60kg/5kg = 12m/s
3) v1= ? m1=5kg, m2=15kg, v2 =4m/s, _________________________________

m2= 8kg x 12m/s / 3m/s= 96kg x m/s/ 3m/s = 32kg

4) m2= ? m1=8kg, v1= 12m/s, v2=3m/s ___________________________________

Equation for inelastic collisions (m1v1 + m2v2) = (m1 + m2) x v3

5) v3 = ? m1=5kg v1= 25m/s, m2=20kg, v2= 15m/s

v3= 5kg×25m/s+20kg×15m/s=(5kg+20kg)×v3= 425kg x m/s/ 25kg= 17m/s

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Part 3 – Impulse – SHOW WORK m2v2 - m1v1 = F x t

1- An 800kg formula1 car accelerates from 0 to 27m/s (60mph) in 3 seconds. Calculate the
force felt by the driver.
F=800kg x 27m/s /3s =21600kg x m/s / 3s = 7200N
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2- A regulation baseball 0.145 kg, takes 1.2 seconds to land in a fielder’s glove with a force
of 4N, what was its final velocity?
4N/0.145kg= 27.586 m/s2
27.586 m/s2 x1.2s= 33.103m/s
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Part 4 – PE = mgh and KE= 1/2mv2 – SHOW WORK – gravity = 9.8m/s2

1) A 60kg cyclist rides to the top of a scenic lookout 220m above the road. What is her
increase in potential energy?

60kg×9.8m/s2x220m = 132,720 Joules

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2) The 60kg cyclist then races a friend back to roadway and her final velocity is 12m/s,
what is her kinetic energy at the bottom?

1/2 x 60kg x (12m/s ) 2= 0.5×60×144kg⋅m2/s2= 4320 Joules

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3) A 550kg roller coaster drops down a 22m hill to a final velocity of 16m/s. Calculate the
potential energy and show how much is turned into kinetic energy.

kinetic energy= 1/2 x 550kg x 16m/s2= 1/2 x 550kg x 256m2/s2=

potential energy: 550kg×9.8m/s2 x 22m= 107,800 Joules 70,400 Joules
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