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 Chapter

1 Plants and Animals

1. (D): A food chain shows how each living being gets its food. All food chains begin from
plants. This means that all living beings shown in the figure depend ultimately on plants
for their food. Thus, if there would be no green plants on Earth, all these living organisms
would die.
2. (D): Plants need water and minerals (from soil), light (from Sun) and air to grow. They
should also be protected against plant diseases.
3. (B): Guava has oval leaves, lotus has round leaves, peepal has triangular leaves and
cactus has its leaves modified into spines.
4. (A): Prawn, eel, tadpole – live in water
Bat, crow, seagull – fly in sky
Human, ostrich, camel – live on land
5. (B): Roots take up water from the soil. Water is used by plant in making food. When
roots are removed from plant Y, it cannot take water and prepare food and hence, its
weight decreases unlike rooted plant X.
6. (B): The picture shows two frogs. Frog can live both on land and inside water.
7. (A): Goat and buffalo are herbivores. They feed on plants.
8. (C): In the given figure, ‘S’ is stalk, ‘Q’ is fruit pulp, ‘P’ is fruit membrane or peel and ‘R’
represents seeds. Seeds grow into new plants.
9. (B): Leaves make food with the help of water and sunlight. If leaves are covered with
black paper or the plant is kept in wooden box, leaves will not get sunlight to prepare
food.
10. (B): Plant grows in the direction of light. As light is entering the box from the hole thus
plant will grow towards hole i.e., towards direction ‘2’.
11. (C): In the given figure, ‘P’, ‘Q’, ‘R’ and ‘S’ represent leaves, fruits, roots and stem
respectively. Seed produces seedling which grows into a young plant. A young plant
produces new branches, leaves and roots. When it matures, it produces flowers which
develop into fruits. Fruits are seen only in adult plants.
12. (D): Radish is an underground root. Potato, onion and ginger are underground stems.

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Class 3
13. (C): This plant is not getting sunlight due to black bag and will eventually die as sunlight
is required by the plants for making food.
14. (D): Only Dev is incorrect. The roots hold plant firmly in the soil, not the leaves.
15. (C): Cockroach, grasshopper and ant are insects (live on land). Frog is an amphibian
(lives both on land and in water).
16. (B): Grasshopper did not get food and air (oxygen) in sealed glass tank which is
important for surviving. Hence, it died.
17. (A): Carnivores are those animals that feed on flesh of other animals. Since the animal
feeds only on insects, therefore, it is a carnivore.
18. (B): When bulbul’s population is increased, it would eat more grasshoppers and
caterpillars. Population of grasshoppers and caterpillars would decrease and hence
plant population will increase. Similarly, since snakes feed on bulbul, any increase in
bulbul’s population would increase population of snakes.
19. (D): (i) Plant → Caterpillar → Lizard → Snake
(ii) Plant → Grasshopper → Bulbul → Snake
(iii) Plant → Grasshopper → Lizard → Snake
(iv) Plant → Caterpillar → Bulbul → Snake
20. (D): Animals that gnaw like rats have very sharp front teeth. Gnawing is biting food
repeatedly and chewing it hard.

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 Chapter

2 Birds

1. (B): ‘X’ is pigeon. Guter ghoo is the sound produced by pigeon.

2. (D): Penguin has two legs, it cannot fly but can swim in water. Eagle also has two legs
and it can fly with its wings.
3. (B)

4. (C): Vulture and owl are flight birds while ostrich and penguin are flightless birds.

5. (C): Ostrich belongs to the group of flightless birds i.e., they cannot fly. These birds
have a pair of wings and their body is covered with feathers. They reproduce by laying
eggs.
6. (C): ‘Q’ group shows birds with curved beaks. ‘P’ group shows birds with straight beaks.
‘W’ and ‘Y’ have beak shorter than the length of head. ‘X’ and ‘Z’ have beak longer than
the length of head.
7. (C): ‘d’- bird has long beak, to dip into flower to suck nectar.

‘g’- bird has short beak to pick seeds.

8. (A): Strong, sharp and hooked beaks are found in eagles, vultures and kites to tear
flesh.
9. (D): ‘X’ – Penguin has flightless wings and webbed feet to swim in water.
‘Y’ – Duck has broad and flat beak and webbed feet to swim in water.
10. (B)

11. (C): Birds have thin, hollow bones to lighten their weight and make it easier for them to
fly. Perching birds are the most diverse of all living bird groups. They include sparrows,
crows, warblers, etc. Their foot consists of four long, thin toes. Three toes face forward
and one faces backwards. This type of structure enables them to grip onto thin branches,
twigs and flimsy grass stems. Streamlined body of birds help them to fly.
12. (C): The tailor bird uses its beak like a needle to sew leaves together and make nest.
Woodpecker lives in tree holes while weaver bird makes its nest from grass, mud, etc.

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Class 3
13. (A): Option (A) represents the toes and claws of a climbing bird. Two toes point upwards
and two point downwards which help in clinging on to branches of the trees.
14. (B): The penguin collects a few pebbles and stones to make a nest on the ground.

15. (D): Goose and eagle are flight birds and penguin and kiwi are flightless birds.
16. (D): Feathers are outgrowths of upper body covering of birds. The feathers of a bird
help the bird to fly, make it attractive, protect the body and keep it warm.
17. (B): Parakeets have two toes upward and two downwards for climbing trees. They do
not have webbed feet.
18. (C): Figure ‘d’ is foot of a flesh eating bird that has strong and sharp claws called talons.
19. (B): Ashok is wrong because not all birds can fly e.g. ostrich and kiwi are flightless
birds. Siddhi is wrong because all birds lay eggs and do not give birth to young ones.
20. (D): Woodpecker has sharp and pointed beak to help in making holes in wood and tree
trunks. Ducks do not have such beak. Instead their beak is short, flat and spoon shaped
that helps to search food in mud or water.
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 Chapter

3 Food

1. (D): Junk food is a term used for food item containing high levels of calories from sugar
or fat with little protein, vitamins or minerals and fibres. Junk food has little nutritional
value. Cake is a junk food.
2. (B): Vegetarian person is the one who does not eat meat, fish, fowl or, in some cases,
any food derived from animals, as eggs or cheese but eats vegetables, fruits, nuts,
grains, etc. For a vegetarian, a good source of protein are pulses.
3. (C): Reheating food again and again leads to loss of nutrients. Old people need food
that is soft and properly cooked as they do not have strong teeth to chew hard and raw
food. Their digestive system is also weak.
4. (A): Refined oil and butter are those food items that consist of fats. Fats are such
nutrients that can get stored in various parts of the body and may lead to obesity and
several other disorders.
5. (D): Protective foods e.g. vegetables and fruits are those foods that protect us from
various diseases. These foods are rich in vitamins and minerals.
6. (D): The given figure shows three types of cereals, barley, maize and wheat. Cereals
are rich source of carbohydrates and give us energy to work.
7. (B): Proteins are called body-building food, as they help us to grow and repair our body.
Eggs are rich source of protein.
8. (D): Milk contains proteins, fat, vitamins and minerals. Therefore, it is a complete food
containing all the nutrients.
9. (D): Fruits contain minerals and vitamins and are protective food. They help in recovering
from illness. Overeating of fried food leads to obesity as it contains fat that get stored
in the body. Chocolates contain a lot of carbohydrates which give us lot of energy when
hungry.
10. (D): Street food lacks nutrient value. Eating street food everyday would lead to health
problems as they may contain germs.
11. (D): Butter is prepared from milk, not from wheat. Chapati, bread and biscuits are made
from wheat flour.

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Class 3
12. (B): Chilli is used as a spice.

13. (D): Mustard oil, coconut oil and groundnut oil can be used for cooking.
14. (A)
15. (C): Cream, curd and butter are prepared from milk produced by cow. Honey is produced
by honey bee.
16. (C): Carbohydrates are energy rich food and provide energy to the body to perform
various body functions. Starch and sugar are carbohydrate rich food.
17. (D): Preserving the food means protecting the food from being spoiled by germs.
Keeping food in water at high temperature will spoil it as germs are most active in such
conditions.
18. (D): Fresh food has more nutritive value than the preserved food.
19. (D): Edible part of potato, ginger and sugarcane is stem. We eat roots of turnip, carrot
and radish and leaves of spinach.
20. (C): Eggs and milk are protein rich foods. Chocolates and bread are rich in
carbohydrates.
21. (A): Pizza is a fast food prepared by baking in oven whereas idli, momos and dhokla are
prepared by steaming.
22. (B): Overcooking decreases the nutritive value of food. Roughage present in vegetables
and fruits should not be discarded as it is good for our digestive system. Preserved
food has preservatives in it that protect it from microbes. Growing children need more
proteins to build strong muscles.
23. (D): Frying of food needs lot of oil which is not good for an obese person.
24. (D)
25. (D): Grilling and roasting are methods of cooking. Pickling is the method of preparing
and preserving pickles whereas sieving is used for separating food items.

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 Chapter

4 Housing and Clothing

1. (C): Figure (A) – Tent

Figure (B) – Caravan
Figure (C) – Houseboat
Figure (D) – Kutcha house

2. (A): Cotton fibres absorb sweat easily. Silk fibres are sourced from silkworms. Wool
fibres trap air between clothes and our body and thus keep us warm.

3. (B): Cotton ‘Q’ is a natural fibre that is obtained from cotton plant. Silk ‘R’ is also a
natural fibre that comes from silkworm.

4. (C)

5. (D): Houses are of two types : permanent and temporary. Temporary houses are
generally made of easily transportable materials, and are easily destroyable. Houseboat,
caravan and tent are temporary houses.
6. (C): Kutcha house is made up of bamboo, mud, leaves and straw.

7. (D): ‘X’ can be clothing made up of wool, fur or silk (all natural fibres). ‘Y’ can be clothing
made up of cotton (natural fibre) and nylon or polyester (man-made fibres).

8. (D): We sleep in our bedroom.

9. (D): A pucca house is made up of bricks, iron rods and cement. A kutcha house is made
up of straw and leaves.
10. (C): Antarctica is a cold region. So Rita would wear SWEATER there.

11. (A): This is a houseboat. Houseboats are usually seen in Kerala and Kashmir.

12. (A): The house shown in the figure has sloping roofs which are favourable for areas
having snowfall and rain. Snowflakes and raindrops slip down from such roofs and do
not collect on the roofs.
13. (D): Such houses are known as stilt houses. These are made above the ground on
wooden poles so that in case of floods, water does not enter the house.

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Class 3
14. (B): Broom ‘a’, mop ‘c’ and vacuum cleaner ‘d’ are used for cleaning purposes in the
house.
15. (D): Sunlight helps to kill germs and decreases humidity.

16. (C): ‘1’ and ‘2’ are permanent houses, ‘3’ is a temporary house (tent).

17. (C): Savitri lives in a temporary house ‘3’ and works in permanent houses ‘2’ at different
floors.
18. (D): Temperature in Rajasthan remains high during day time; thus houses are made
up of mud which is porous and dissipates heat and therefore, prevents substantial part
of heat from entering the house, thereby, keeping the house cool. Rainfall is also very
scarce in Rajasthan, so chances of mud house being destroyed by rain are also very
less.
19. (B): Three different fibres are hidden in the given word grid are: Cotton, Silk and Wool,
as shown below:

S Q F C R C T

I L N H U O A

L S U E F T I

K G S M S T L

R Z H I B O O

M P O T T N R

W O O L Z R R

20. (A): Silk and wool are sourced from silkworm and sheep respectively. Cotton is obtained
from cotton plant.

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 Chapter Transport and
5 Communication

1. (C) : Internet is a very fast means of communication and carries unlimited information.
2. (B)
3. (B) : The journey of letter starts when the sender puts it into a letterbox (a), then it is
collected by the postman (c), brought to the post office where it is stamped (b) and
sorted according to the destination (e), a postman drops it to the destination (receiver’s
house) (d) and the receiver reads the message (f).
4. (B): Television is an audio-visual means of communication. We can see the video as
well as listen to the audio on it.
5. (D): Aeroplane is a means of air transport. All other are means of land transport.
6. (A)
7. (C): It is a tricycle specially designed for disabled persons. It can be moved by hands.
8. (A): Person in figure ‘b’ is using a mobile phone and hence can move anywhere without
remaining connected to cable. Person in figure ‘a’ is using a landline phone and thus has
restriction in moving, in order to remain connected to cable.
9. (A): Internet, radio, newspaper and television are the means of mass communication.
Through these media we can convey our message to large number of people (mass) at
one time.
10. (D)
11. (A): In the given word grid, 6 means of communication are present – Post office,
television, radio, telephone, newspaper and internet, as shown below:

L P O S T O F F I C E

R T E L E V I S I O N

R A D I O G R A M P I

K T E L E P H O N E R

I N E W S P A P E R N

J I N T E R N E T O K
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Class 3
12. (A)
13. (A)

14. (B): School is at North-East to the post office. Hospital is at South West to the school.
Ruchira’s house is South to the hospital. Shop is westwards to the school.
15. (D)

16. (D): A postal van carries letters and parcels from the post office to different places in the
city.
17. (A)

18. (D): The given picture is of fire truck which is a special means of transport. It carries
special equipment and fire fighters to put out fire.
19. (B): E-mail is the fastest way to send written messages and photographs.

20. (D)

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 Chapter

6 Human Body

1. (C): Lungs remove carbon dioxide and water from the body. Kidneys remove impurities
of blood and form urine. Hence, both lungs and kidneys are excretory organs.
2. (D): Nostril belongs to respiratory system and heart belongs to circulatory system.
Through nostril we take air into the lungs and heart pumps blood to all parts of the body.
3. (C): Respiratory system helps in blowing out air which fills up the balloon.

4. (D): Eyes (see) and ears (hear) help to know that baby is crying.

5. (D): Given skeletal structure is called rib cage and is present in the chest region. Rib
cage protects lungs and heart by enclosing them completely. Stomach and liver are
partly covered by rib cage.
6. (A): Lungs and nose belong to respiratory system. Heart and blood vessels belong to
circulatory system.
7. (B): A blind person cannot see, therefore, he will not be able to read a storybook and
watch television.
8. (D)

9. (C): Respiratory system inhales oxygen from the air but it is circulatory system which
provides oxygen to all parts of the body through blood.
10. (B): Premolars are used for crushing the food.

11. (D): Circulatory system consists of blood vessels and heart. Blood vessels are of two
types – arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood rich in nutrients and oxygen to all body
parts while veins collect blood rich in carbon dioxide and waste materials from the body
parts and carry it back to the heart.
12. (B): ‘Z’ represents food pipe or gullet. It is a straight tube that joins the end of the mouth
with the stomach.
13. (A): Food is masticated with teeth and partially digested by the action of salivary juices
in the mouth (P).
14. (D)

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Class 3
15. (C): When we exhale, the air given out is warmer than surrounding air. Water vapours
present in the exhaled air condensed to form water droplets on the mirror.
16. (D): During physical exercise, one needs more supply of oxygen and energy, therefore
heart would pump faster so that the blood moves faster to transport oxygen to the
cells.
17. (D): Mouth, stomach and small intestine release digestive juices to digest the food. First
the food goes into the mouth and then into the stomach, where partial digestion of food
takes place. Then, the food moves into the small intestine, where complete digestion of
food occurs.
18. (D): Tooth ‘a’ – Molar
Tooth ‘b’ – Incisor
Tooth ‘c’ – Canine
Molars are used for grinding the food and incisors are used for cutting the food.
19. (C): In bending and straightening of the arms, both muscles (muscular system) and
bones (skeletal system) are involved. These two systems work in close co-ordination
and cause all the body movements.
20. (B): When we touch a hot kettle with our hand, our skin sends message to the spinal cord
through nerves, and here the message is processed. From spinal cord, the message is
sent again to the hand (skin) through nerves to pull back.

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 Chapter

7 Earth and Universe

1. (B): Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first humans on the Moon, Americans
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, on July 20, 1969. Armstrong became the first to step
onto the lunar surface six hours later on July 21.
2. (B): Moon is 1.23% of the mass of the Earth.

3. (B): The Moon takes about 28 days to go around the Earth and changes its shape from
Full Moon to No Moon and again to Full Moon during this period. If Full Moon appeared
on 18th January, then Gibbous Moon must have appeared on 14th January and Crescent
Moon must have appeared on 28th January.
4. (B): Sunita Williams is an American astronaut and United States Navy officer of Indian-
Slovenian descent. She holds the records for longest single space flight by a woman
(195 days), total spacewalks by a woman (7) and most spacewalk time for a woman (50
hours, 40 minutes).
5. (B): Sun looks bigger because it is closer to the Earth. There are many stars much
larger than the Sun but they appear small because they are very far from Earth.
6. (A): The Moon orbits around the Earth. Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth. Earth in
turn orbits around the Sun.
7. (B): If Moon is replaced by Sun, it would come very close to Earth and this will cause
boiling hot temperature on Earth due to the heat of the Sun.
8. (B): P-Sun, Q-Earth and R-Moon. Earth orbits around the Sun and Moon orbits around
the Earth.
9. (C): Long ago, people thought that the Earth was flat but it is actually round/ spherical.
It appears flat to us because we can only see a part of the Earth.
10. (A): Planets revolve around the Sun. Earth and Saturn are the planets so they revolve
around the Sun.
11. (A): Sun does not revolve around the Earth, in fact, Earth revolves around the Sun to
give us seasons.

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Class 3
12. (B): When Earth, Moon and Sun come in a straight line, solar eclipse occurs. In
solar eclipse, Moon comes between Sun and Earth making Sun totally invisible or
partially invisible. In Lunar eclipse, Earth comes between Moon and Sun making Moon
invisible.
13. (D): In the given figure, it is shown that body ‘X’ is revolving around the Sun, therefore,
‘X’ is a planet as planets revolve around the Sun. Stars remain stationary, Moon revolves
around the Earth. Satellite revolves around the planet.
14. (B): When Moon is more than half illuminated, it is called the Gibbous Moon.

15. (A): In two weeks time, the Full Moon will become the New moon.

16. (C): Venus is the brightest and hottest planet of the solar system. It is also known as
the evening or morning star as it is clearly visible in the sky during evening and early
morning times.
17. (B): During an eclipse of the Sun, Moon comes in between the Earth and Sun and all of
them lie in a straight line.
18. (C)

19. (B)

20. (B): The revolution of the Earth around the Sun causes change of seasons.

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 Chapter

8 Matter and Materials

1. (A): Volume of W + B + P = 90 ml W → Water

Volume of W + B = 60 ml B → Block
Volume of W + P = 70 ml P → Pebble
∴ Volume of B = (W + B + P) – (W + P)
= 90 – 70 = 20 ml
∴ Volume of P = (W + B + P) – ( W + B)
= 90 – 60 = 30 ml
∴ Volume of B + P = 20 + 30 = 50 ml
Hence, Volume of water = (W + B + P) – (B + P)
= 90 – 50 = 40 ml
2. (B): Melting is a process by which the solid changes into liquid by heating. The ice
cubes on the jar start to melt by absorbing heat from the air and the water gets collected
in the jar.
3. (C) : 5 kg is equal to 5000 gm and 1 kg is equal to 1000 gm. Thus the correct descending
order of mass is 4 (5000 gm), 2 (1000 gm), 1 (500 gm) and 3 (100 gm).
4. (D)
5. (C): Newspaper is made only from paper and the cloth is made from fibre. For spectacles
and pen, two to three types of materials are used.
6. (B): Plastic is not a natural material. This means it is made from chemicals and is a
man-made material. Natural materials, such as coal and petroleum, are found in the
ground.
7. (D): Since bag ‘X’ holds the weight more efficiently, it is stronger than bag ‘Y’.
8. (C): Paperweight drowns in the water tank while rubber toy duck is floating which means
they are made up of different materials. Rubber toy duck is light in weight as it is floating
and paperweight is made up of heavy material as it is drowned.
9. (B)

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Class 3
10. (C)
11. (B): Air can be compressed, so when 2500 cm3 of air is pumped into a bin of 1500 cm3
capacity, the volume of air inside the bin will become 1500 cm3.
12. (D): Plastic can be both hard and flexible but glass, iron and wood are only hard and not
flexible.
13. (D): Material of ‘X’ should be strong, so that in case of wind, it does not get blown away;
it should be flexible so that it can be set in desired shape; and it should be waterproof so
that in case of rain, water does not get inside the tent.
14. (A): Eraser, paper envelope, and newspaper are flexible things. Paperclip, glass tube
and brick are hard things.
15. (B): Books, newspaper and cardboard box are wood-based products (obtained from
plants) and they are not waterproof.
16. (C)
17. (B): Glass is fragile (can be broken easily) and it allows light to pass through it while
rubber is not fragile, it is flexible and does not allow light to pass through it.
18. (C)
19. (C): The object ‘R’ is floating above object ‘Q’ thus it must be lighter than ‘Q’ but it is
floating below the object ‘P’ thus it must be heavier than ‘P’. Hence, the weight of object
‘R’ must be between 20 g and 27 g, i.e, 25 g.
20. (C): As water did not collect in the container that means the material ‘X’ is glass which
does not allow water to pass through it. Cloth, paper and cardboard allow water to pass
through them.

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 Chapter

9 Light, Sound and Force

1. (A) : The more the height of the ramp, the more is the effort required to roll up an oil
drum.
2. (A) : Gravity is the force that pulls everything down towards the Earth.
3. (C) : Friction is a force that develops between two surfaces and it resists the movement
of an object. Since wet surface decreases the friction, it would be easier to move the box
on it.
4. (C) : As the Sun rises in the East and sets in the West, the sunrays fall on the pole from
sidewards. Hence shadows formed (on the backside of pole or in the opposite direction
of sunrays) in the morning (towards West) and evening (towards East) are the longest.
As Sun keeps on rising, the size of the shadow decreases and becomes minimum in the
noon. As the Sun begins to set, the shadow will increase in size again.
5. (D) : Sound cannot travel through vacuum. It needs a medium to travel.
6. (D)
7. (D) : A force is a push or a pull that can make a stationary object move, change the
speed and direction of moving object and stop a moving object.
8. (A) : Boys are applying equal forces in opposite directions and thus the box will not
move at all.
9. (C) : Banana peel will reduce the friction between the shoe and the ground, and thus the
man will fall.
10. (D) : As all these actions involve two surfaces rubbing against each other, thus force of
friction plays into action which produces heat.
11. (B) : Woman ‘X’ needs to overcome friction to slide the trolley smoothly. Woman ‘Y’
needs to hold up the shopping bags against gravity.
12. (C) : The light coming from the Sun is reflected by the tree into our eyes and that is why
we can see the tree in the day.
13. (A)
14. (C) : In ‘R’ the most weight is put on top shelves while lower shelves have lesser weight.
It will disturb the balance of shelves making it to topple over easily.

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Class 3
15. (A)
16. (A) : We can see objects in a room as the light falling on them gets reflected and fall in
our eyes.
17. (C) : When two metal ball bearings roll from opposite directions and hit each other, they
will push each other. Force is a push or pull and it can change the speed as well as
direction of a moving object.
18. (A) : Friction is a force that opposes motion. As it is shown, that on surface W, the force
required to move an object is maximum, this shows that the opposing force of friction is
provided maximum by surface W.
19. (A) : Gravity is a force that is exerted by the Earth and it pulls everything down towards
it.
20. (A) : Sound requires medium to travel, as clock is ringing alarm inside a jar with no air
(vacuum), this means, no sound will be heard in this case.

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 Chapter

10 Our Environment

1. (D) : When Sheetal placed the bottle in a container filled with hot water, the heat of the
water gets transferred to air in the bottle. On heating, the air gets lighter and rises up to
inflate the balloon.
2. (B) : Water boils at 1000C. When we start heating the water, its temperature goes on
increasing gradually until it reaches 1000C at which it starts boiling. On reaching the
boiling point (1000C), the temperature of the water will not increase further.
3. (D) : The given graph shows that the temperature of water is not increasing with time
from period ‘X’ to ‘Y’, which shows that water has attained its boiling point (1000C). On
reaching boiling point, the temperature of water does not increase further.
4. (D) : Soil is very important for the growth of plants. It provides them water and minerals
through roots. Soil also holds the roots of the plants. Animals like worms, mites, bacteria
and moles live in the soil, thus, soil gives shelter to some animals.
5. (B) : Water conservation involves avoiding the wastage of water by adopting various
strategies.
6. (D) : Water (liquid) on heating changes into steam (vapour) which on cooling changes
back to water (liquid). Water (liquid) on further cooling changes to ice (solid).
7. (B) : On rainy day, children make paper boats and float them over rainwater. On sunny
day, we require fans, A.C., air-coolers, etc. not bonfire. On windy day, we cannot carry
umbrella as it can fly away with wind. On hot day, we cannot wear woollen gloves.
Woollen gloves are worn in winter.
8. (C) : Fig (C) shows snowfall which occurs in winters, so we need to put on heavy warm
coat and gloves to keep ourselves warm.
9. (D) : Smoke from the factories and vehicles contains dust, harmful chemicals and gases
which enter into air. This air when people breathe, can effect their health adversely
especially respiratory system.
10. (A) : The given figure shows rainy day. On rainy days, we need to wear raincoat which
will prevent us from getting wet.
11. (B) : Water when falls on Earth in the form of rain, runs off into lakes, rivers and other
water bodies. From here, water again evaporates to form clouds. Some of the water that
falls on Earth also seeps into the ground.
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Class 3
12. (C)
13. (C) : Soil contains air trapped between its particles. This air allows plant roots and soil
animals to breathe.
14. (D) : Throwing waste inside covered dustbins prevent the flies from hovering over the
waste and thus prevent us from various diseases spread by them. Trees clean the air by
taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.
15. (B) : Rain, Sun’s heat and wind cause the rocks to crack. Water (due to rain) on freezing
turns into ice in these cracks, widening them further, ultimately the rocks break into
smaller pieces. These pieces keep breaking down till a powdery mass called soil is
formed.
16. (B) : The dark coloured nutrient rich component of soil is called HUMUS.
17. (A)
18. (C) : At the time of preparing food (during daytime) plants take in carbon dioxide ‘Y’
given out by animals at the time of breathing and plants give out oxygen ‘X’ which is
used by animals during breathing.
19. (D) : Clayey soil is found under a pond. It absorbs least water, therefore, trough E
contains clayey soil.
20. (B) : As most dust is stuck on the surface of sticky tape ‘Y’, therefore, this tape was
exposed to air from a location having maximum level of air pollution.

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20
NSO WORKBOOK SOLUTIONS
 Achievers Section

1. (D): All the food chains start with producers i.e., plants, which are denoted by ‘a’ and ‘h’
in the given food web. ‘b’ and ‘c’ are herbivores as they eat plants only. ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’ and ‘g’
are carnivores and ‘i’ is an omnivore because it eats both plants and animals.
2. (A): Nine food chains are there in the given food web:
1. a → b → g
2. a → c → d → e → g
3. a → c → d → e → f → g
4. a → i
5. a → c → d → i
6. h → b → g
7. h → c → d → i
8. h → c → d → e → g
9. h → c → d → e → f → g
3. (C): Gases do not have a fixed shape and are compressible, liquids too do not have
fixed shape but cannot be compressed. Solids have fixed shape, fixed volume and can
either float or sink in water depending upon their density.
4. (C): Sanjay and Rajeev explained the reasons for Kunal’s statement. Amit made an
incorrect statement because cost of constructing railway is higher in mountains than in
flat land.
5. (B): Letters are slow in reaching destinations but can be used for personal invitations.
Telephone can urgently convey message to your father. Newspaper is a mass
communication method and can spread the news of Tsunami very fast.
6. (D): ‘X’ refers to carbohydrates, ‘Y’ are proteins and ‘Z’ represents fats.

7. (C)

8. (A)

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Class 3
9. (C): Small intestine is an organ of digestive system where complete digestion of food
occurs and the digested food nutrients are absorbed into blood and send to all body
parts.
10. (A): Letter ‘X’ on the graph shows maximum noise which can be created by a plane
taking off.
11. (B): Photosynthesis is dependent on light as it is the process of formation of food
by green plants in presence of Sunlight. Rate of photosynthesis increases with the
increasing amount of available light. Sunlight is less in morning, increases in noon and
then gradually decreases towards evening, the same pattern is observed in the rate of
photosynthesis.
12. (A)

13. (B): Tap water (X) will remain at the same temperature (room temperature), Boiling
water (Y) will gradually lose heat and come to room temperature. Similarly ice (Z) will
melt by gaining heat (increasing temperature) and the resultant water will maintain its
temperature at room temperature.
14. (D): Final size of the balloon will depend on initial size, shape and material of the balloon,
thus these should be kept same. Colour and design have no effect on it. Breathing in
forcibly before blowing will increase the amount of air blowed out hence all of them
should breathe in before blowing.
15. (C): When flask ‘X’ is kept in a basin containing hot water, the air inside it will expand
and move into the tube to push the drop of ink towards flask ‘Y’. Keeping the flask ‘Y’ in
a basin containing ice will contract the air inside it, thus, reducing the pressure in it. This
will also help the drop of ink to move towards flask ‘Y’.
16. (C): Wheel cart reduces friction between sack bag and floor making it easier to pull the
bag. Friction is present between a surface and object put on it and resists its motion.
Friction is the force which prevents us from slipping when we walk.
17. (A): In condition (a) Moon’s side towards Earth will not get sunlight and thus will not be
visible and New Moon will be seen. A Full Moon can be seen in condition (b).
18. (C): By increasing the distance between light source and object the size of the shadow
can be reduced. The distance between them can be increased either by moving ball
closer to the screen or by moving torch further away from the ball.
19. (C)

20. (C): Pigeon has two legs and can fly (d), Penguin has two legs, cannot fly but can swim
(e), Ostrich has two legs, but it can neither fly nor swim (f), Lizard has legs but four not
two (g).

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22
NSO WORKBOOK SOLUTIONS
 Logical Reasoning

1. (A): According to the question,

75 – P = 40 ... (i), 45 + P = Q ... (ii)
or 75 – 35 = 40 ⇒ P = 35
Putting P = 35 in (ii), we get
45 + 35 = Q ⇒ 80 = Q
Hence P = 35, Q = 80.
2. (B): Figure (ii) shows the unfolded form of the given figure (i).

(i) (ii)

3. (C):

4. (C): If U and S are removed then the new arrangement is

Left Right
So, 5 to the left of R is Y.
th

5. (B): We have, 1 =5 ... (i)

and 5 +2 =3 +

⇒ 5 + 2 (5 )=3 + {using (i)}

⇒ 5 + 10 –3 = ⇒ = 12
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Class 3
6. (C)

7. (B): Total number of working days = 13

Number of days Latika does not work = 31 – 13
= 18
8. (C) B C

9. (D): The sides are AB, BC, CD, DE, EF, FG, GH, HI, IJ, AJ A J D

∴ Number of sides = 10 I E F

H G

10. (C): If yesterday was Sunday, then today is Monday and tomorrow will be Tuesday.
∴ Day after tomorrow will be Wednesday.

11. (D):

12. (D): We have,
M is heavier than P
O is heavier than P
and P is heavier than N
Since, there is no relation between M and O. So, we can’t determine the heaviest ball.
13. (B):

14. (D): In all other options except (D), the number of circles inside the figure is equal to the
number of sides of the figure.
15. (D): Since line 4 has the least curves. So, 4 is the shortest line.
16. (D): Triangles formed are A, B, C, D, AB, BC, CD, ABC, BCD, ABCD

Number of triangles = 10
17. (A): E F E C G H B D A L X P A B C D

(Last)

Since, last toffee is E. So, fourth toffee from the last is C.

18. (C): Road C has the least curves and hence, it is the shortest road.
19. (A): The pattern repeats itself after every sixth figure.

So, the next figure is

24
NSO WORKBOOK SOLUTIONS
20. (C): Number of pink crayons in the packet is the most, therefore pink crayons will be
most likely to come out of the packet.
21. (A): = 36 books

∴ = 36 ÷ 6 = 6 books

22. (B): 1 = 40 people

∴6 = 40 × 6 people = 240 people

23. (D): The word MENTAL can not be formed because there is a letter L.

24. (C):

25. (A):

26. (A):

Mirror
27. (B):

Mirror

28. (D): The pattern is,

7 + 6 + 9 + 6 = 28
8 + 5 + 9 + 2 = 24
So, 6 + 9 + 5 + 4 = 24
29. (B): The word formed is TIGER
And we know that, Tiger is an animal.
30. (D): All have at least one line of symmetry.
31. (D):


Left Right
4th from the left end is S and 3rd to the right of S is V.
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Class 3
32. (C): The colour of sky is blue and ‘blue’ is called ‘white’.
33. (C): The number of arrows inside the figure is 1 less than the number of sides of the
figure.
34. (B): Total number of handshakes = 4 + 3 + 2 + 1
= 10
P

35. (B): Squares formed are,

A B C D E

ABML, BCNM, CDON, DEFO, OFGH, NOHI,

MNIJ, LMJK, ACIK, BDHJ, CEGI, PLQF
L F
M N O

K J I H G
∴ Total number of squares = 12.

Q

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26
NSO WORKBOOK SOLUTIONS
 2015 PAPEr

S F NATIONAL
SCIENCE OLYMPIAD

–8 –8 –8 –8 –8
1. (A): 92 84 76 68 60 52
2. (C): Total number of handshakes = 3 + 2 + 1 = 6

3. (D):

4. (B):
CAT TAC

N
5. (B): The meaningful word is
C A M E L
1 4 5 2 3
6. (C): Minerals are tiny grains that make up rocks. Some rocks are made up of only one
type of grains, while others are made up of several types of grains. Diamond is the
hardest mineral, whereas chalk is a soft rock and breaks easily.
7. (B)
8. (D): The revolution i.e., movement of earth around the sun and the tilt in its axis causes
the change in the seasons. Summer, winter, spring and autumn are experienced,
according to the amount of sunlight received at different times of the year. The part of
earth that faces the sun and receives direct sunlight has summer, while the part that is
away from the sun and receive slanting rays experiences winter.
9. (A): Water is a liquid. It has definite volume but does not have a definite shape. It takes
the shape of the vessel in which it is poured. Water has mass and can exist in three
inter-convertible states – solid (ice ), liquid and gas (steam).
27
Class 3
10. (C): During drying of wet clothes hung outside, water evaporates off the wet clothes.
Water present in the clothes (liquid form) changes into water vapours (gaseous form)
due to the heat from the Sun.
11. (C): Plants need sunlight, air, water and mineral rich (fertile) soil to grow. It should also
be free from diseases. So, lack of water, light and attack by diseases can be the factors
responsible for the given condition of the plant.
12. (A): Food is preserved to protect it from germs and store it for a longer time. Various
methods of food preservation includes boiling, freezing, canning, drying and addition of
preservatives. All these methods does not allow germs to grow. Thus, preserved, food
has conditions that are unsuitable for the growth of the germs.
13. (C): Mist is formed on the mirror due to condensation of water vapours that were present
in the air exhaled by Abhishek. Thus, it can be concluded that water vapours are given
off when we exhale.
14. (B): The feet shown in the given figure is of webbed type. In such type of feet, a skin
web is present between three front toes. This type of feet helps in swimming as they help
to push water back while swimming and are present in water birds like ducks, goose,
etc.
15. (A): Kunal is not able to run or jump for long because he is eating too much of junk
food. Junk food contains a lot of fats, sugar, calories and is devoid of fiber, protein and
minerals which do not provide enough energy and make us obese.
16. (B): Rough and smooth objects can be differentiated by touching them. Since, Garima
used her sense of touch to identify whether, Priya’s hair were silky or rough. She can
use the same (sense of touch) to differentiate between rough and smooth surface of the
objects.
17. (B): Option (B) on unscrambling gives the name - WOODPECKER. A woodpecker
makes a hole in a tree trunk with its sharp and pointed beak and uses it as its nest.
18. (D): Wire mesh and netting on doors and windows keep the mosquitoes and flies away
from the house. Open spaces like balconies and verandahs allow enough sunlight to
enter the house. This sunlight acts as natural disinfectant. Proper ventilation allows the
fresh and clean air to enter the house.
19. (D):
20. (A): Both hibiscus and pea plant are terrestrial flowering plants. Hibiscus is a shrub and
has a thin woody stem. Pea plant is a climber and has a weak stem. Pea plant produces
edible fruits i.e., peas, whereas hibiscus do not produce any edible fruit.
21. (C): The given picture is of Post office which helps in the postal mode of communication.
We cannot send instant messages from Post office. Instant messages can be send by
internet, telephone, etc.
22. (B): It is shown in the picture that Ranjit lives in an Igloo. Igloos are houses made up of
blocks of ice in ice-cold places. People living in such area wear clothes made of fur to
keep themselves warm. Sheep and Yak are sources of fur for making winter clothes.
28
NSO WORKBOOK SOLUTIONS
23. (C): The festival shown in the given picture is Eid-ul-Fitr. It marks the end of the month
of Ramzan. People give gifts to relatives and younger ones. A special sweet dish, called
‘sevaiyan’ is also cooked on this occasion.
24. (C):
25. (C): Something that produces sense of hearing is called sound. Sound waves can travel
through air, liquid and solid. It travels fastest in a solid medium.
26. (A): P–Oxygen; Q–Carbon dioxide. We breathe in oxygen. Oxygen helps in breaking
down of food, which gives us energy. Exhaled air (air we breathe out) has carbon dioxide.
27. (B): GREENGROCER sells fresh vegetables and fruits.
28. (B): Rohit bounced from his car seat because his father must have been driving fast
and jumped over a speed breaker. His father might have ignored the road safety sign (B)
which indicates the presence of speed breaker ahead.
29. (C): Throwing of garbage in water bodies will pollute the water. Non-recyclable materials
will not decay by burying and will deteriorate the soil. Burning of dried leaves will pollute
the air. We can keep our environment clean by planting trees.
30. (A): Wheat, barley and rice are some examples of cereal plants. Cereal plants are rich
source of carbohydrates.
31. (B): ‘X’ is a star. Stars are big balls of fire and have light of their own. ‘Y’ is Earth, as it
is a planet and planets revolve around the sun. ‘Z’ is moon, it does not have its own light
and does not revolve around the Sun. It revolves around the Earth.
32. (B):
33. (A): Sandy soil is found in deserts. In such type of soil, sand particles are larger in size
and have lots of space between them. Water can easily pass through such spaces.
Since the soil ‘P’ did not retain any water and allowed the water to easily pass through
it, so it is sandy soil.
34. (C): R I C E S G H M A B
T A I L O R B I R D
R O S E M A T N P B
P A N P V S R O M A
J T E H W S P L O R
L S E A W H E A T L
O U H N G S O L B E
S V Q T E P A N Y Y
Name of the organisms hidden in grid are ELEPHANT, TAILOR BIRD and ROSE. Ani-
mal that can live both on land and in water can be frog, crocodile etc.
35. (A): Name of cereal plants hidden in the word grid are RICE, WHEAT, BARLEY and
OATS (Refer to word grid in answer 34).

JJJ
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Class 3