Photomicrograph Power-up Exercise

Class: Name: ( ) Marks: /10

Lung tissue
Coverage:
Ch 7 Gas exchange in humans
Ch 8 Transport in humans
Ch 24 Body defence mechanisms ()

Photomicrographs I and II show two sections of lung.

Photomicrograph I

(×60)

Photomicrograph II

(×60)

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Level 1
a i With reference to photomicrograph I, explain how lung tissue is adapted to its function.

(2 marks)

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ii Some people like construction workers may have dust deposited on the surface of

structure P. Suggest how this may affect gas exchange. (2 marks)

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 Gas exchange in humans Ch 7 p. 12, 13

Level 2

b i Identify whether tube Q is a trachea, a bronchus or a bronchiole. Support your answer

with one observable feature in photomicrograph I. (2 marks)

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 Breathing system Ch 7 p. 6

ii Name one type of cell in the inner wall of tube Q that can help protect our body
against invasion of pathogens. Explain briefly. (2 marks)

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 Non-specific defence mechanisms Ch 24 p. 4

c X is a blood vessel in the lung. Draw a flow chart to show the route through which red
blood cells inside X are transported to the liver after leaving the lung. Indicate only the
major blood vessels and organs involved. (2 marks)

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 Blood circulation Ch 8 p. 29

Related DSE questions

Bio 2022 IA Q16
Bio 2021 IA Q20
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Bio 2019 IB Q5 2
 Answers
a i The walls of structure P are very thin / one-celled thick. 1m
This reduces the diffusion distance of gases for efficient gas exchange. 1m
ii The dust covers part of the surface of structure P. 1m
This reduces the surface area for diffusion of gas. 1m
b i Tube Q is a bronchiole. 1m
The wall of tube Q contains no cartilage. (or other reasonable answers) 1m
ii Mucus-secreting cells 1m
They secrete mucus to trap pathogens in inhaled air. 1m
OR
Ciliated epithelial cells 1m
The cilia on these cells beat to sweep the mucus with trapped pathogens towards the pharynx.
The mucus is then cough up or swallowed into the stomach, where the pathogens are killed. 1m
c Lung → pulmonary vein → heart → aorta → hepatic artery → liver 2m
(Total: 10 m)

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