KL3103

OCEAN ENGINEERING DATA ACQUISITION & ANALYSIS

Irsan Soemantri B., Ph.D/ Alamsyah Kurniawan, Ph.D

Rizaldi Caesar Yuniardi

15515046

OCEAN ENGINEERING PROGRAM

FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
BANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BANDUNG
2017
HOMEWORK

1. From the movie “Why the ship needs local expert (the pilot) to park the ship, when
the ship captain already has hydrography data of the harbor?”
2. Find in internet : an instrument for oceanographic survey
- Print the original document
- Summarize in your own word to describe the instrument

1. Ship captains are usually knowledgeable about their ship and ocean navigation, but they
still needs local expert to park the ship, because they do not have the local knowledge, and
the ship-handling training and experience for restricted waters, narrow channels, shallow
waters, and in most cases, docking and undocking maneuvers, that pilots possess. Even
ship captains who call regularly at the same port, never come close to matching the level
of experience and local knowledge of the local pilots serving the port.

2. Instrument for Oceanographic Survey

Original document : (https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/groups/csd3/instruments/floe/)
 OCEANOGRAPHIC LIDAR
The airborne lidar for fisheries surveys is named FLOE (Fish Lidar, Oceanic,
Experimental).

How Does It Works?

LIDAR is an acronym for LIght Detection And Ranging. In its simplest form, a
short pulse of laser light is directed toward a target. A receiver is pointed in the same
direction and waits for a return signal reflected from the target. The elapsed time indicates
the targets range, and the time difference between the sea surface return and the return from
a subsurface target indicates its depth. The strength and polarization characteristics of the
return provide additional information about the target.
A compact LIDAR system in a small airplane can measure distributions of various
targets over large areas of the ocean. Equipping the aircraft with imagers, radiometers, and
expert observers provides even more information about targets and the environment. The
information obtained from an aerial survey is less detailed than from a surface ship, but
can be obtained much more rapidly and at a lower cost. The LIDAR will generally penetrate
to a depth of 40 - 50 m in clear, blue waters, 20 - 30 m in productive, green waters, and as
little as 10 m in very turbid waters like Chesapeake Bay. More detailed information is
provided with instrumentationand field programs, including photographs of aircraft we
have used and publications.

What Has Been Measured?

The LIDAR and associated instruments have been used in a number of
studies looking at:
 Fish
 Zooplankton
 Phytoplankton
 Whales
 Pollution
 Physical Properties of the Ocean
 The instrumentation is owned and operated by NOAA, but these studies have been
partially supported by other organizations and we are always looking for applications and
collaborations.

Is The Laser Safe?

The laser beam is expanded to meet the ANSI standards for occupational laser
safety at the surface. We also avoid illuminating boats by momentarily blocking the beam
as we pass over. We have also investigated the potential hazard to marine mammals (Zorn
et al., 2000) for 13 species of cetaceans and pinnipeds. We found that all of these were
considerable less sensitive to laser illumination than humans and therefore not at risk from
our lidar. There are no species that are expected to be more sensitive than the ones
examined based on available information. Other marine creatures are expected to be even
less sensitive than marine mammals from what we know about their visual systems.

Summary :

LIDAR or Light Detection And Ranging is an instrument for oceanographic survey. The
ways of working of this instrument is like it shoots a short pulse of laser light to the target, then
waits for a return signal from the target to the receiver. the elapsed time shows the target's position.

The LIDAR instrument can be used for :

 Fishery
 Plankton
 Ocean creatures
 Pollution
 Physical properties of the ocean
 The laser (light) from LIDAR is safe enough for ocean creatures, because the laser beam has
met the ANSI standards and, the ocean mammals (13 species of ceraceans and pinnipeds) mostly
less sensitive to the laser beam. Also, for other ocean creatures that their visual system has been
studied. their visual system is less sensitive than ocean mammals that I have mentioned.