Introduction

CDRouter is a comprehensive test tool for Cable/DSL/SOHO/Edge and wireless routers and
other similar IP devices. The test suite contains several types of tests including functional,
conformance, negative, denial of service, and scaling.

The CDRouter test suite simulates a networking environment by creating LAN clients,
providing an ISP connection to the device under test, and exercising different protocol and
traffic flows. CDRouter can create IP hosts and services that appear to be operating out in
the Internet. The test suite covers a wide range of protocols and applications that you would
expect to find in a CPE router environment.

Test Organization
CDRouter is organized into several test modules of related functionality. Each test module
contains several test cases. Tests can be executed using CDRouter’s web interface or through
the command line interface

Before any tests are run, CDRouter attempts to set up a testing environment that is common
to all tests. The initial setup phase includes starting a LAN client and establishing the WAN
connection. Once the initial test setup is established, CDRouter moves on to executing
specific test cases.

Test Coverage
This release of CDRouter tests the following areas of a Cable/DSL Router device:
 Ethernet and IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax wireless interfaces
 DHCP client (WAN side)
 PPPoE client (WAN side)
 PPPoA client (WAN side)
 PPTP client (WAN side)
 L2TP client (WAN side)
 DHCP server (LAN side)
 Bridge mode
 802.1q and 802.1p VLANs on the LAN interface
 802.1q, 802.1p, and 802.1ad VLANs on the WAN interface
 ISP Renumbering Scenarios
 NAT for TCP/UDP/ICMP/SCTP, Static NAT hosts
 MSS Clamping for TCP sessions
 802.1X including EAPOL, EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, EAP-PEAP, EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA
 WPA-PSK and WPA-RADIUS using supported EAP types
 Firewall/Security
 DMZ host configurations
 IGMP proxy/multicast pass through
 IPSEC, PPTP, and PPPoE pass through
 ALGs - FTP, DNS, ICMP, MSN, RTSP
 DNS Proxy and Failover
 mDNS
 SIP ALG
 LLDP
  LAN side MAC filtering
 IP Forwarding
 DHCP Client Scaling
 Dynamic IP Routing (RIPv1/v2)
 Virtual Services
 URL Filtering
 Port Triggers
 Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
 Hotspot login via HTTP/HTTPS
 DynDNS client verification
 Xbox Live compatibility testing
 Nmap integration (various Nmap scans are provided for information only)

Additional Add-Ons
Additional add-ons that extend CDRouter’s testing capability into other specific protocol
areas are also available. Add-ons are currently available for:
 Security
 Multiport
 IPv6
 IKE
 TR-069
 Storage
 SNMP
 Nmap
 Performance CDRouter
 BBF.069
 USP
 DOCSIS

NTA1000v5 (our existing cdrouter)

 The QA Cafe serial number ranges from NTA1000-10500 through NTA1000-10599 or
from NTA1000v5-000 through NTA1000v5-999.
 There are eight ethernet ports on the front.
 The front LCD panel is on the left.
 The VGA port is on the front.
 There are six antenna connections on the back.
 The QA Cafe logo on the front includes a check mark.
 There is an RJ45 serial port on the front.

NTA1000v5
Documentation Quick Start Guide
Data Sheet Data Sheet
CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4790S CPU @ 3.20GHz
Chipset Intel(R) C226 PCH Chipset
Memory 32GB DDR3 1600 MHz
Storage Samsung 850PRO 128GB (OS)
 Western Digital WD4005FZBX 4TB (data) Western Digital 4003FZEX 4TB (data)
Wired LAN (8) 10M/100M/1G Ethernet interfaces: MGMT =
Intel I217LM GbE, ETH1-7 = Intel I210-AT GbE
(2) 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10G Ethernet interfaces:
Intel 10G X550T (rev 01)
Wireless LAN 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, Atheros QCA9880 dual-band
3x3 mini-PCIe with external antennas (wlan0)
802.11 ax, Intel AX200 dual-band 2x2 M.2 with 802.11 a/b/g/n Atheros AR9380-based dual-
external antennas (wifi1-ax) band mini-PCIe with external antennas (wlan1)
802.11 a/n/ac, Atheros QCA9984 5GHz 4x4
mini-PCIe with external antennas (wifi2-ac2)
Virtual Wireless Clients 1 + 64 = 65 total wireless clients
I/O (2) front panel USB 3.0 ports; (1) front panel
RJ45 (8P8C) serial port; (1) front panel VGA port
Rear Network Connections
(4) RP-SMA antenna connections (wifi2-ac2) (3) RP-SMA antenna connections (wlan1)
Operating System CentOS (64 bit)
Applications Pre-installed with the latest release of CDRouter
Chassis Compact 1U with front panel I/O
Dimensions (W x D x H): 440mm (17.3") x 411.5 mm (16.2")
x 44 mm (1.73")
Weight 7.2 kg, 15 lbs 14 oz
Power Full-range 300W ATX power supply (100-240
VAC, 50-60 Hz)

Filed under:
 Testing Tips

Tagged:

GPONService Providers
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Requirements
The core gateway functionality of a GPON ONT can be tested with any version of CDRouter
or CDRouter Multiport. If the ONT supports TR-069, IPv6, IKE, or storage additional CDRouter
add-ons may be required to fully test these features.

Overview
A GPON consists of three main components:

 An Optical Line Termination (OLT) device, which terminates the common (root)
endpoint of the optical network. It typically provides ethernet uplinks to the internet
(WAN).
 One or more Optical Network Termination (ONT) devices, or more generally Optical
Network Units (ONU), which terminate any of the distributed (leaf) endpoints of the
optical network. These typically have LAN ethernet ports, WiFi, and can also have POTS
jacks, coax, and USB ports.
 The Optical Distribution Network (ODN), which is the physical fiber infrastructure
connecting the OLT to the ONTs. It consists of a tree of fiber cables and one or more
optical splitters.
Although CDRouter does not test the GPON protocol directly, it can be used to verify the
behavior of GPON devices, treating the GPON as a single entity. Looking at a GPON from
CDRouter’s point of view, there is still a single WAN (ethernet) connection and a single LAN
(ethernet or wireless) connection, just as with a typical CPE test setup. The difference
though, is that in this case the WAN connection is to the OLT ethernet uplink port, and the
LAN connection is to a LAN port on the ONT.

Test Setup
Connect the OLT to the ONT via an optical splitter and fiber optic cables. The GPON
specification (ITU-T G.984) allows for split ratios of up to 1:64 or even 1:128, but 1:32 or
lower are more common. It is assumed that single-mode fiber is used throughout the ODN.

It’s important to make sure the OLT and ONT devices are configured properly. The ONT
should be configured as a router. On the upstream (GPON) side, it should be configured with
a static IP address or configured to dynamically accept an IP address from the internet, as a
DHCP client, for example. On the downstream (ethernet) side, it should have a static IP
address and be set up as a DHCP server for any devices connected to its LAN ports. The OLT
should be set up to bridge between the ONT and its uplink ethernet port(s). CDRouter can
now connect to an uplink ethernet port of the OLT as well as to an ethernet LAN port of the
ONT and can execute tests as usual.

From CDRouter’s point of view, the entire GPON can be treated as a single entity as follows:

In order to get the OLT to bridge correctly, it may be necessary to configure an internal VLAN
between the ethernet uplink port, and the logical GEM port of the ONT. (GEM refers to
GPON Encapsulation Method, and is the native protocol used for transmitting data within a
GPON.) Combined with the ONT, this internal configuration can be conceptualized as
follows:

If the GPON devices support IPv6 or TR-069, CDRouter will be able to test this functionality
as well.

Caveats
Note that even if a single ONT is used, a passive optical splitter is still necessary in order to
attenuate the optical signal. The splitter attenuates in both directions, not just downstream.
Minimum attenuation values of 5 dBm, 10 dBm, or 15 dBm are required depending on
whether ODN Class A, B, or C is used, respectively. Refer to Table 2 of ITU-T G.984.2 and the
definition of ODN attentuation classes in Table 3 of ITU-T G.982. Class B+ is commonly used
by vendors, which has a minimum attenuation of 13 dBm.