1.

Engineering Design Process; 104 ppt slides

The Engineering
Design Process
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).

RMAF Nuri copter crashes in Pulau Perak 22/12/2013

 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
Jul 18, 2007
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).

The country grieves with the families of the six crew members of the S61-A4 Sikorsky Nuri
helicopter who perished in a crash in Genting Sempah on Friday, which resulted in a massive
five-day search operation involving about 1,600 search and rescue personnel.
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
1967
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).

Literature Study
Sesungguhnya Allah menyuruh kamu supaya
menyerahkan segala jenis amanah kepada AHLInya
(yang berhak menerimanya), dan apabila kamu
menjalankan hukum di antara manusia, (Allah
menyuruh) kamu menghukum dengan adil.
Sesungguhnya Allah dengan (suruhanNya) itu memberi
pengajaran yang sebaik-baiknya kepada kamu.
Sesungguhnya Allah sentiasa Mendengar, lagi sentiasa
Melihat. 
(An-Nisa, Chapter #4, Verse #58)
Dan Kami tidak mengutus Rasul-rasul sebelummu
(wahai Muhammad) melainkan orang-orang lelaki yang
Kami wahyukan kepada mereka (bukan malaikat);
maka bertanyalah kamu kepada “AHLUzZikri" jika
kamu tidak mengetahui. 
(Al-Anbiya, Chapter #21, Verse #7)
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
a l
• 7. Build a model or prototypept u
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• 8. co refine
Evaluate, revise, and
• a l
9. Communicate
pt u the solution
c e
c on
ETP 2005 – Brian Vance
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are

a l
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).

pt u
c e
c on
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• ct
1. Identify
pro j e the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Steps of the Engineering
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution

ETP 2005 – Brian Vance

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 Design Process
Customer needs a solution to a problem

Requirement analysis

System Design
(Conceptual Design + Preliminary Design)

Detailed design and test

System integration and product test

Properly functioning system

26
 Design Process
Customer needs a solution to a problem

Requirement analysis

System Design
(Conceptual Design + Preliminary Design)

Detailed design and test

System integration and product test

Steps of the Eng Properly

. functioning system
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution
 The Engineering Design
Process

 Creative process

 Problem solving – the big picture

 No single "correct" solution

 Technical aspects only small part

ECE 404 Scott Umbaugh, Textbook: Design for

ECE Engineers, Ford & Coulston

28
 Design Process
Customer needs a solution to a problem

Requirement analysis

System Design
(Conceptual Design + Preliminary Design)

Detailed design and test

System integration and product test

Steps of the Eng Properly

. functioning system
Design Process
• 1. Identify the problem
• 2. Define or “refine” the problem
• 3. Gather information
• 4. Develop alternate solutions
• 5. Select and refine the best solution
• 6. Express the design solution
• 7. Build a model or prototype
• 8. Evaluate, revise, and refine
• 9. Communicate the solution
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

SELECTION OF
CONCEPTUALIZATION
SOLUTIONS

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

Customer needs a
solution to a problem
 Customer needs a solution to a problem
RECOGNITION OF NEED

SELECTION OF
CONCEPTUALIZATION
SOLUTIONS

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

Customer needs a
solution to a problem
 Customer needs a solution to a problem
RECOGNITION OF NEED

SELECTION OF
CONCEPTUALIZATION Requirement analysis
SOLUTIONS

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

Customer needs a
solution to a problem
 Customer needs a solution to a problem
RECOGNITION OF NEED

SELECTION OF
CONCEPTUALIZATION Requirement analysis
SOLUTIONS

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN System Design
(to proceed
& (Conceptual Design + Preliminary Design)
& funded)
Testing
Detailed design and test

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

System integration and product test

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

Customer needs a
solution to a problem
 Customer needs a solution to a problem
RECOGNITION OF NEED

SELECTION OF
CONCEPTUALIZATION Requirement analysis
SOLUTIONS

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN System Design
(to proceed
& (Conceptual Design + Preliminary Design)
& funded)
Testing
Detailed design and test

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

System integration and product test

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Properly functioning system

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

Customer needs a
solution to a problem
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

SELECTION OF
CONCEPTUALIZATION
SOLUTIONS

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

Customer needs a
solution to a problem
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed System Design
& funded) Conceptual Design
Preliminary Design

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed
& funded)

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

DETAIL DESIGN
Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed
& funded)

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

DETAIL DESIGN
Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP Outsource
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

Acceptance
PRODUCTION
Testing

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

Acceptance
PRODUCTION
Testing

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

Acceptance
PRODUCTION
Testing

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNATION
OF NEED

 Formal Request.
e.g. “request for proposal” (RFPs)

 Informal Request.
e.g. customer proposal.

 Unsolicited Proposal.
Promoting a need which may be of interest
to an organization.

 Assignment from supervisors.

 Need formulated during a routine or non

routine performance of an assigned task or
in an assigned area of responsibility.

 Needs pursuant to new legislation.

 Needs associated with products for

which a desire (market) could be
developed.
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
DESIGN
(to proceed
&
& funded)
Testing

ASSIGNMENT (WBS)

DETAIL DESIGN

PRODUCTION PLANNING

PRODUCTION

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 CREATIVITY
(Characteristics of Creativeness)

GOOD GUESSING
RISK TAKING
CHALLENGING AUTHORITY & PROCEDURES
PREFERRING THE COMPLEX AND DIFFICULT
BEING SENSITIVE EMOTIONALLY
HAVING SENSE OF BEAUTY
HAVING A VIVID IMAGINATION
DESIRING HONESTY & FRANKNESS
BEING CURIOUS
HAVING HIGH SELF-ESTEEM
 FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT
(PURPOSES)

 Reject non-feasible design concepts

 Ensure concept is achievable

technically & cost wise.

 Determine what is new

what is established,
(technology/mgt wise.)

 To adequately define concept.

 Refine cost estimate

(NB: Cost can refine concept limitations).

 Establish Design Requirements

Must be done before “Detail Design” after
“Concept” often during “Feasibility”.
 DESIGN
REQUIREMENTS
(SPECIFICATIONS)

“Most Difficult”
“Frozen only when design is frozen”
even though meant to be permanent.

Must include the followings:

1. Performance parameters (hw & sw).
2. Reliability.
3. Maintainability.
4. Dependability.
5. Testability.

Clear, understood & “agreed” by all.

(Form a team from all involved to prepare
“check & test procedures” as early as
possible to promote better co-ordinations).
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

Acceptance
PRODUCTION
Testing

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

WORK BREAKDOWN
STRUCTURE
 PRELIMINARY
DESIGN
Bridging the gap between
“Design Concept” and “Detail Design”.
ACTIVITIES
Synthesis & Analysis
Selection of best concepts
Literature search & study
Evaluation & survey (cost, material, vendor …)
Limited testing (to established data)
CAD works
OUTPUTS
 Refined definition of Design Concepts
 Overall System Configuration (schematics,
diagram, layout, definition drawing …)
 “Project Configuration Control” starts.
 “Design Requirements” reestablished at system
level (component level for certain cases)

Evaluate,
revise,
and refine
 DETAIL
DESIGN
Develop a system of drawings and specifications
that completely describe a proven and tested
design.
ACTIVITIES
Synthesis & Analysis
Evaluation & survey (cost, material, vendor …)
Development Tests
Qualification Tests (“Certified Test Procedures”)
CAD/CAM works
OUTPUTS
 Component Specs
 Drawings (Assembly, Diagram, Installation …)
 Prototype (Demonstrator)
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION

PRELIMINARY DESIGN
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

Acceptance
PRODUCTION
Testing

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 PRELIMINARY DESIGN
Bridging the gap between
“Design Concept” and “Detail Design”.
ACTIVITIES
Synthesis & Analysis
Selection of best concepts
Literature search & study
Evaluation & survey (cost, material, vendor …)
Limited testing (to established data)
CAD works
OUTPUTS
 Refined definition of Design Concepts
 Overall System Configuration (schematics,
diagram, layout, definition drawing …)
 “Project Configuration Control” starts.
 “Design Requirements” reestablished at system
level (component level for certain cases)

DETAIL DESIGN
Develop a system of drawings and specifications that
completely describe a proven and tested design.
ACTIVITIES
Synthesis & Analysis
Evaluation & survey (cost, material, vendor …)
Development Tests
Qualification Tests (“Certified Test Procedures”)
CAD/CAM works
OUTPUTS
 Component Specs
 Drawings (Assembly, Diagram, Installation …)
 Prototype (Demonstrator)
Design concept for the
Antarctic Station
Design concept for the
Antarctic Station
Design concept for the
Antarctic Station
Design concept for the
Antarctic Station
 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
Design ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION
Package
PRELIMINARY DESIGN
(documents)
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING

Acceptance
PRODUCTION
Testing

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 RECOGNITION OF NEED

CONCEPTUALIZATION

FEASIBILITY
ASSESSMENT

APPROVAL
(to proceed RFP
& funded)

RFP
Design ASSIGNMENT (WBS)
EVALUATION
Package
PRELIMINARY DESIGN
(documents)
COST ANALYSIS /
REDESIGN
Development DETAIL DESIGN
Testing Prototype
Qualification Test

PRODUCTION PLANNING
Productio
Acceptance
Testing
PRODUCTION nPackage
(documents)

Steps in the Engineering Design Process

 PRODUCTION
PLANNING

Interpretation of design drawings and specs

 Selection of material
 Selection of production process
 Selection of machines to be used
 Determination of the sequence of
operations (lay-out)
 Selection of jigs, fixtures, tooling &
reference datum
 Establish tool cutting parameters
(speed, feed rate …)
 Selection of inspection gauges &
instruments
 Calculation of process time
 Generate process documentation
& NC machine data
 PRODUCTION
(Issues and considerations)

 Scheduling material, human resources &

machines for minimum cost-and-time
manufacturing.

 “Concurrent/Simultaneous Engineering”
for effective “after-design” involvements.

 MIS Requirements.
 CIM Technologies.
(Computer Integrated Manufacturing)

 JIT Concept (Strength & Weakness)

 Design for Manufacturing & Assembly
(DMA) Concept.
 PRODUCTION
(Issues and considerations)

 Scheduling material, human resources &

machines for minimum cost-and-time
manufacturing.

 “Concurrent/Simultaneous Engineering”
for effective “after-design” involvements.

 MIS Requirements.
 CIM Technologies.
(Computer Integrated Manufacturing)

 JIT Concept (Strength & Weakness)

 Design for Manufacturing & Assembly
(DMA) Concept.
 PRODUCTION
(Issues and considerations)

 Scheduling material, human resources &

machines for minimum cost-and-time
manufacturing.

 “Concurrent/Simultaneous Engineering”
for effective “after-design” involvements.

 MIS Requirements.
 CIM Technologies.
(Computer Integrated Manufacturing)

 JIT Concept
 Design for Manufacturing & Assembly
(DMA) Concept.
Just-in-time,
pioneered by Taiichi Ohno in
Japan at the Toyota car
assembly plants in the early
1970s, is a manufacturing JIT Concept
organization philosophy
Just-in-time,
pioneered by Taiichi Ohno in
Japan at the Toyota car
assembly plants in the early
1970s, is a manufacturing JIT Concept
organization philosophy

Just-in-Time
inventory system focus is
having “the right material, at the
right time, at the right place,
and in the exact amount”-Ryan
Grabosky, without the safety net
of inventory.
Just-in-time
JIT includes GOOD JIT Concept

• Setup time.
• The flow of goods from warehouse to shelves.
• Employees with multiple skills & efficiently used.
• Production scheduling and work hour
consistency synchronized with demand.
• Increased emphasis on supplier relationships.
• Supplies come in at regular intervals throughout
the production day.

Supply is synchronized
with production
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize
Design every part the
withtotal number
automated of parts
assembly in mind
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Imagine
Use modular design can be done by
that the assembly
5. Minimize
“a blind part variations
person” OR “a soldier”.
6. Use multifunction design
What do you do
7. Design whenfor
parts partmultiuse
has to be produced by
8. Design skillfor
worker OR craft
simplify man?
fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part
Every partvariations
cost money in
6. Use multifunction
Designdesign
7. Manufacturing
Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for Maintenance
simplify fabrication
9. (reliability)
Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
Storage
10. Minimize assembly direction
Handling.
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Useeasier
Modules multifunction
to handle indesign
assembly lines because of
7. Design parts for multiuse
weight and size.
8. Design for Adopt genericfabrication
simplify modules
9. Use(do
ofnot introduce(minimize
fasteners peculiar modules.)
of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for
Maximum use multiuse
of standard parts
8. Requiring
Design standard tools
for simplify in assembly
fabrication
9. Reduce (minimize
Use of fasteners inventory. of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. • Design
Dust coverfor simplify
can fabrication
serve as storage compartment.
9. Use of chassis
• Electrical fasteners
can be(minimize
used as CBof simplify)
support, heat
10. Minimize assembly
sink direction
and electrical ground.
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. • Design
Dust coverfor simplify
can fabrication
serve as storage compartment.
9. Use of chassis
• Electrical fasteners
can be(minimize
used as CBof simplify)
support, heat
10. Minimize assembly
sink direction
and electrical ground.
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use standard
Consider of fasteners (minimize
parts which ofdesigned
initially simplify)
for
10. Minimize
a particular use assembly direction
can be utilized for other use in your
11. Maximize compliancedesign.
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use standard
Consider of fasteners (minimize
parts which ofdesigned
initially simplify)
for
10. Minimize
a particular use assembly direction
can be utilized for other use in your
11. Maximize compliancedesign.
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly
Minimize assembly timedirection
by simple process.
11. Maximize
• Avoid compliance
painting, grinding etc at the assembly line,.
• Maximize
12. Minimizeselfhandling
securing instead of using screws.
• Avoid
13. very small
Eliminate or very large
or simplify parts to assemble.
adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
REDUCE
15. Minimize FABRICATION STEPS
testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize or simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11.
GoodMaximize compliance
to use fastener but the cost of installing it in the
12. Minimize
fabricationhandling
process exceeds its own cost.
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize
Decide weatherhandling
assembly to be to-down or bottom-
up, let-to-right
13. Eliminate or simplify or vice versa.
adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate
Consider orbuilt-up,
tolerance simplify adjustment
alignment problems and
14. Avoid flexible
part component
insertion during assembly.
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate
Consider orbuilt-up,
tolerance simplify adjustment
alignment problems and
14. Avoid flexible
part component
insertion during assembly.
15. Minimize testing
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14.
• Avoid
Part flexible
must be able component
to be positioned for assembly.
15.• Minimize testing
Avoid the need for many changing of position
during assembly.
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. • Minimize testing
Mechanical adjustments lead to additional
assembly costs and maintenance problems.
• Use stopping points, detents, notches and spring-
mounted components.
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing
• Avoid wiring or flexible component, use plugs or
connectors instead.
• Use CB instead of hard wires.
 Design for Manufacturing &
Assembly Guides

1. Simplify the design DMA Concept

2. Eliminate operations that require skill
3. Minimize the total number of parts
4. Use modular design
5. Minimize part variations
6. Use multifunction design
7. Design parts for multiuse
8. Design for simplify fabrication
9. Use of fasteners (minimize of simplify)
10. Minimize assembly direction
11. Maximize compliance
12. Minimize handling
13. Eliminate or simplify adjustment
14. Avoid flexible component
15. Minimize testing

• Design for automatic testing.

• Provide external test points.
Sea Stallion (S65) / Black Hawk (S70)
Advanced Technologies and
Managements
 CONCURRENT/SIMULTANEOUS
ENGINEERING
Integrated design, production planning,
manufacturing and marketing/sale/service to
shorten and faster product development through
good COMM+CULTURE+COMPUTER

 CAD/CAM
CATIA, FEA … programmable to produce
automatically NC codes

 RAPID PROTOTYPING
Physical and virtual prototyping at more
affordable cost

 COMPUTER INTEGRATED
MANUFACTURING
Integrate CAD/CAM+MIS+PCF
Design+Planning+Control+Accounting+Mat Mgt
+Shipping …
Advanced Technologies and
Managements
 CONCURRENT/SIMULTANEOUS
ENGINEERING
Integrated design, production planning,
manufacturing and marketing/sale/service to
shorten and faster product development through
good COMM+CULTURE+COMPUTER

 CAD/CAM
CATIA, FEA … programmable to produce
automatically NC codes

 RAPID PROTOTYPING
Physical and virtual prototyping at more
affordable cost

 COMPUTER INTEGRATED
MANUFACTURING
Integrate CAD/CAM+MIS+PCF
Design+Planning+Control+Accounting+Mat Mgt
+Shipping …
Advanced Technologies and
Managements
 CONCURRENT/SIMULTANEOUS
ENGINEERING
Integrated design, production planning,
manufacturing and marketing/sale/service to
shorten and faster product development through
good COMM+CULTURE+COMPUTER

 CAD/CAM
CATIA, FEA … programmable to produce
automatically NC codes

 RAPID PROTOTYPING
Physical and virtual prototyping at more
affordable cost

 COMPUTER INTEGRATED
MANUFACTURING
Integrate CAD/CAM+MIS+PCF
Design+Planning+Control+Accounting+Mat Mgt
+Shipping …
Advanced Technologies and
Managements
 CONCURRENT/SIMULTANEOUS
ENGINEERING
Integrated design, production planning,
manufacturing and marketing/sale/service to
shorten and faster product development through
good COMM+CULTURE+COMPUTER

 CAD/CAM
CATIA, FEA … programmable to produce
automatically NC codes

 RAPID PROTOTYPING
Physical and virtual prototyping at more
affordable cost

 COMPUTER INTEGRATED
MANUFACTURING
Integrate CAD/CAM+MIS+PCF
Design+Planning+Control+Accounting+Mat Mgt
+Shipping …
 RELIABILITY MAINTENA
BILITY

AVAILABILITY

DEPENDABILITY

COST
BENEFIT MANUFACTURABILITY
DN
DN
Habis