**Jose Rizal Biography:**

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda, born on June 19, 1861, in
Calamba, Laguna, Philippines, was a multifaceted Filipino nationalist, writer, and
intellectual. He studied medicine, literature, and the arts in various parts of the
world, including Spain, where he became a prominent figure among Filipino
expatriates.

Rizal's commitment to reform and independence was evident in his writings,

which often criticized Spanish colonial rule and the abuses suffered by the
Filipino people. He played a crucial role in the Propaganda Movement,
advocating for political reforms peacefully. His novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El
Filibusterismo," serve as powerful indictments of colonial oppression and social
injustices.

Despite his non-violent approach, Rizal's ideas and influence worried Spanish
authorities. In 1896, he was executed by firing squad in Bagumbayan, now
Luneta Park in Manila, igniting the flames of the Philippine Revolution.

**Notable Works:**

1. **"Noli Me Tangere" (Touch Me Not):** Published in 1887, this novel is a

scathing critique of the Spanish colonial regime, exposing the abuses and
corruption prevalent in Philippine society. It is considered a seminal work in
Philippine literature.

2. **"El Filibusterismo" (The Reign of Greed):** A sequel to "Noli Me Tangere,"

published in 1891, this novel delves deeper into the societal issues and
corruption. Rizal's literary prowess and political insight are evident in both
novels.

3. **"Mi Ultimo Adios" (My Last Farewell):** Written on the eve of his
execution, this poem reflects Rizal's love for his country and his acceptance of
his impending fate. It has become an iconic piece in Philippine literature.
 4. **"La Solidaridad" (The Solidarity):** Rizal contributed articles to this
propagandist newspaper that aimed to unite Filipinos and push for reforms. His
writings in "La Solidaridad" articulated the grievances of the Filipino people.

5. **"Filipinas dentro de cien años" (The Philippines a Century Hence):** An

essay that foresaw the future of the Philippines, predicting the country's
eventual liberation from foreign rule. Rizal's keen observations on the nation's
destiny remain thought-provoking.

Jose Rizal's life and works have left an indelible mark on Philippine history, inspiring generations to come
in the pursuit of freedom, justice, and national identity.