STUDY OF INSECTICIDE AND PESTICIDE IN A

FRUIT VEGETABLE SAMPLE

A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
DEDRAJ SEWALI DEVI TODI DAV-KVB SCHOOL
BIRATNAGAR, NEPAL

FOR THE
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF GRADE – 12 EXAMINATIONS OF
CBSE BOARD
By:
Krish Kedia
Class – XII
Stream: Science
ROLL NO.: 12

DECEMBER 2023
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Krish Kedia of class ‘XII – Science’ has worked
successfully under the supervision of Mr. Sujit K. Shah during the academic
year 2023 – 24 on the investigatory entitled, “To study the presence of
insecticide and pesticide in a fruit sample” as per the guidelines issued by
Central Board of Secondary
Education

Subject Teacher External Examiner

Principal

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to everyone who

contributed to the successful completion of Chemistry Project. This journey has
been both challenging and rewarding I appreciate the support and assistance
from every individual. I would like to express my sincere thanks to Mr. Sujit
Shah Sir whose guidance and expertise have been valuable throughout this
project, also my Principal Mr. RK Mishra and my Vice Principal Mrs. Milli
Sharma for their insights, constructive feedback, and encouragement
significantly shaped the development of the project. I would like to express my
thanks to my family and friends for their unwavering support and understanding
during the demanding phases of this project. Their encouragement and patience
were instrumental in helping me for the completion of this project I have taken
efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the
kind support and help of many individuals and my school. I would like to
extend my sincere thanks to every person who has contributed in making this
project.

-Krish Kedia
-XII ‘Science’

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 ABSTRACT
In the face of growing concerns regarding the environmental and health impacts
of insecticide pesticides, this study aims to explore and assess the amount of
insecticide and pesticide used in fruits and vegetable which we consume in our
everyday life. Aiming to ensure the safety and quality of agricultural product.

The study also addresses the challenges associated with the diverse chemical
nature of insecticide pesticides and the need for standardized detection
protocols. Furthermore, the potential impacts of pesticide detection on
regulatory frameworks and sustainable agricultural practices are discussed.

In conclusion, this research provides a comprehensive overview of the current

state of insecticide pesticide detection, highlighting the strides made in
analytical methodologies and their implications for environmental monitoring
and food safety. The insights gained from this study contribute to the ongoing
efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of insecticide pesticides on ecosystems
and human health.

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 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Conc.: Concentrated
HCl: Hydrochloric Acid
HNO3: Nitric Acid
H2SO4: Sulfuric acid

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Observation Table 11

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................8
1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION........................................................................................8
1.2 OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................................8
2. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGIES............................................................................8
2.1 MATERIALS...................................................................................................................8
2.2 METHODOLOGIES........................................................................................................9
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS..........................................................................................9
3.1 OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS.................................................................................9
4. CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................10

5. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES ..................................................................... 11

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Pesticides are substances or mixtures of substances that are used to prevent, control, or
mitigate pests. Pests can include insects, fungi, bacteria, weeds, rodents, and other organisms
that can negatively impact human activities, especially in agriculture. Pesticides are
commonly employed to protect crops, public health, and property There are several types of
pesticides, each designed to target specific types of pests. The main categories of pesticides
include: Insecticides: These are pesticides designed to control and eliminate insect pests.
They can be further categorized based on their mode of action, such as contact insecticides
(kill on contact) or systemic insecticides (absorbed by the plant and circulated to kill insects
that feed on the plant). Herbicides: Herbicides are used to control or kill unwanted plants,
commonly referred to as weeds. They are widely used in agriculture to ensure the growth of
desired crops without competition from invasive plant species. Fungicides: Fungicides are
employed to prevent, inhibit, or eradicate fungal diseases in crops, plants, and other materials
susceptible to fungal infections. Rodenticides: Rodenticides are substances designed to
control or eliminate rodents, such as rats and mice, which can pose health risks and cause
damage to crops and structures. It's important to note that while pesticides can be effective in
pest control, their use raises concerns about potential negative impacts on human health and
the environment. Additionally, the development and use of safer and more targeted pesticides
are ongoing areas of research in agriculture and pest control industries.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

The aim of this project is to study the presence of insecticide and pesticide in a fruit and
vegetable sample

2.MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGIES

2.1 MATERIALS

Mortar, Pestle, Beaker, Funnel, Glass rod, Filter paper, China dish, Tripod stand, Fusion tube,
Knife, Test tube, Fruit sample, Alcohol, Sodium metal, Distilled water, Dilute Sulphur acid,
Ferric chloride solution, Ferrous sulphate solution

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 2.2 METHODOLOGIES

Firstly, Different Fruits and vegetable sample was taken and was cut in small pieces
separately. The cut piece was then transferred in the mortar and was crushed. Different
beakers were taken and crushed fruits and vegetables were transferred into it. 10ml of alcohol
was added in each of these beakers and was stirred and filtered The filtrate obtained was then
collected in separate China dishes After that the alcohol was evaporated by heating China
dishes one by one over a water bath and residue was kept overnight for drying The small
piece of sodium piece was heated in the fusion tube till it melts After that one of the residues
from the China dishes was added to this fusion tube and was heated till it became red hot The
hot fusion tube was then dropped in a China dish containing about 10ml of distilled water The
tube was then broken and the contents of China dishes was boiled for about 5minutes The
solution was cooled and then filtered the filtrate was then collected 1ml of freshly prepared
ferrous sulphate solution was then added to the filtrate and the contents was warmed After
that 2-3 drops of ferric chloride were added and was acidified with dilute HCL If blue green
ppt is obtained it indicates the presence of nitrogen containing insecticide The test of nitrogen
was repeated with different fruits and vegetable sample and observation was made

3.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

3.1 OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS

S. No. Fruit vegetable name Color obtained Inference

1. Potato Green colored ppt was seen Presence of nitrogen
containing pesticide or
insecticide

2. onion No ppt was seen No pesticide or insecticide

were present
3. guava No ppt was seen No pesticide or insecticide
were present

4. Grapes Blue colored ppt was seen Presence of nitrogen

containing pesticide or
insecticide

5. carrot No ppt was seen No pesticide or pesticide

were present

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CONCLUSION

Among five fruits/vegetable which were tested two of them contained nitrogen
containing pesticide/insecticides
Although chemical pesticide safeguard crops and improve farm productivity,
they are increasingly for their potentially dangerous residues and their effect on
the ecosystem. So, minimizing the use of pesticides or finding new alternative
ways, we can surely save our environment and give a healthy life to our future
generation

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BIBLIOGRAPHYAND REFERENCES

• Comprehensive Practical Chemistry Class XII

• NCERT Chemistry Textbook for Class XII
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.encyclopedia.com

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