PUNJAB GROUP OF COLLEGES

JARANWALA

SUBMITTED TO:

MA’AM FAIQA

SUBMITTED BY:

MAIRA NAZ

ROLL NO:

221

CLASS:

BS CHEMISTRY 7th

COURSE TITLE:

ANALYTICAL PRACTICAL-l

COURSE CODE:
CHM-607
 TO RECORD AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IR SPECTRA OF ATLEAST
ONE ORGANIC COMPOUND

Principle:

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy involves exposing molecules to infrared radiation,

causing specific vibrational transitions in chemical bonds. The resulting
absorption spectrum reveals characteristic peaks, aiding in the identification of
functional groups and molecular structure.

Apparatus:

Beaker, stirrer, IR spectrophotometer

Procedure:

1. Sample Preparation: Obtain a small amount of sample. The sample can

be in the form of a solid or a liquid. For a solid sample, prepare a thin
film, and for a liquid, use a suitable solvent or prepare a liquid film.
2. Instrument Setup: Set up an IR spectrometer, ensuring that it is properly
calibrated. Make sure the sample holder is clean and suitable for the
type of sample being analyzed.
3. Sample Placement: Place the sample in the sample holder and position
it within the path of the infrared beam.
4. Spectral Recording: Record the IR spectrum by allowing infrared
radiation to pass through the sample. The instrument will detect the
absorption of specific wavelengths.
5. Analysis: Examine the recorded spectrum for characteristic peaks. In the
case of phenol, look for the absorption peak associated with the
hydroxyl (OH) group, typically occurring in the region around 3200-3600
cm⁻¹.
6. Peak Assignment: Assign the observed peaks to specific vibrational
modes. The hydroxyl group in sample usually results in a broad peak due
to hydrogen bonding. Other peaks corresponding to C-H stretches and
aromatic ring vibrations may also be present.
 7. Characterization: The identified peaks contribute to the characterization
of phenol. The presence of the hydroxyl group and the aromatic ring can
be confirmed based on the observed absorption bands.

Result:

Upon analyzing the IR spectrum of phenol, you would expect to observe

a broad peak in the region of 3200-3600 cm⁻¹, indicative of the O-H stretching
vibration.