surement of High Voltages DC, AC & Impulse igh Obie Seis Reshtance with Mleoamimetr Generating Voltmeters emir emimeencieeeniin (| antmtegierby nme mmteynn omni et od dnt srt et ui} ‘The HY electrode andthe grounded electrode has a capacitance a-between. & Is funtion of, asthe area A varies with ime, The charge stored in a capacitor of eapactance Cis given byazcv. . the capacitance ofthe capacitor varies with time when connected tothe source of voltage V the current through the capacitor willbe Resistance Potential Dividers for DC Voltages singin fe preset swe and era Tectia te sent it hg oe Bey Ly ol sire fn aa tae . hn Forde.volagesaviate0, 5. dea ye The high voltage magnitude ven by HV =(! cae, viva athecvogessa,RECRLOA RRL s ifthe eapacance Cvares between helinitsCo and (2m) Cm Cy Cysin rh tonetn dng geo med fe jnoorae Foun ddenarmdewicaskacangiptcouuenass or TELE gg Cg SEALER Sua st onset ey hema ttaciee? 1, 5g he currents proportional {enerated current ret and eared By moving coll mateGeert br ed AC ag mer sh ped esa {grag hee rou salt ep ges ita ae ray vain eal he pie Scruton ep To paren ) Hews i ie cre ssa an alert currents essed hey Bea eaten ‘esenintycanbelnceasedby ncreaing te anol tbepk® oy ep decode andy wg amie crs ° Saior andes erage ad Limitations 8 Cabra ti, 9 eater ed ube potions moni fie cette proportionate applied etre el ‘The ptiod of xeon ofa suspended spheroid beween two electrodes with and without aunts onan witha in i ad regain she Ex 2-91" ndihesppiedvtge Vee 72/31" Acuay of Oxting Spheri0.038for mama oa avd, dis ectrode spacing 250K ELECTROSTATIC VOLTMETER force can be measured the voltage can aso be measured acorn ‘when voltage i applied 0 a parallel plate electrode, an elec lds set up between the plates This lett eld canbe uniform by wing sable arrangement ef the electrodes ‘The ld uniform, normal tothe to p platefeecrode. snd ected towards the lo potential WA. th area ofthe plate/elecrode and Eis the slactrifil, the permitvty ofthe medium Derwent he enerey deny of eee felsbeweenthe pate‘oc heen ee dah dae fff rowed fis Foren voltages, th higher he fore, he rater the rekon ‘SPARK GAP sn be used fr mesure of th peak vale of th voltage AC, DC and Inpule. here Gaps has more accuracy and most usd but Rod Gap ca abo be se wth ess spatkonervllag of 30 KV (pea) aI cm spacing in ara 200C and 760 or pressure cus fora sphere orm eld ap, ‘Sphere Gap Measurements ere gaps canbe arranged ier vet with wer sphere rounded or ) horzotlly wth both spheres connected othe cure vollage or on sphere grounded two spheres used ar ential in sean shape 1 — Insulator support 2 — Sphere shank 3. — Operating gear and forchanging gap stan 4 HV. conection P— Sparking point ‘D — Diametor ofthe sphere S— Spacing A= Heightot Pabove eat B — Radius of he clearance extemal stvctures| X — High votage lead shou ‘passthrough his pane ‘distance Blom P A series resistance (100 to 1000 kilo ohms for AC or DC and < 500 chm for impulse) is connected between the source and the sphere gap to) limit the breakdown currer (i) to suppress unwanted oscillations in the source voltage when breakdown oceurs The applied voltage i uniformly increased until sparkover occurs i the gap. Gener ican of about 3 to 5 breakdown values is taken with 43% variation. Sphere Gap Construction and Assembly Sphere gaps are made with two metal spheres of identical diameters D with thelr sh ear an Inltor supports inorder to avoid corona dacharge, te shanks supporting the sp shouldbe fee from sharp edges and corners. ‘phares are generally made of Copper, Bras, o Aluminium (Als mostly used due to low cost. “Tho standard diameters forthe spheres ae 25 6.25 1012.5,15 25,50,75,100,180, and 200m.sero thesparking in. Efect of atmospheric conditions sepa ge vad tncanios tamgein Tend pre adit ator Yatiy whee isa fancionof be alr desty cord, givenby eats: (aR 0 (277, Factors effecting the Sparkover Voltage of Sphere Gaps Effect of nearby earthed objects Observed by Katte rear by earthing objec decreases the apgehovervllage “The reduction wat les than 2% for 5/0 08 and 8/02 0.8. bven for SID= 1.0 and 8/02 1.0the reduction ‘wat only 86 Th exprestion for reductions aye mb 80) 0c ve peenageretcion, "2 amet oexbedecaag yn, De damsel phere, ‘So yc. nd man Cweconsis. Effect of Irradiation Mlumination of sphere gaps with ultra-violet or x of irradiation e noticeable for seuall gap spacings. 1% promotes lonizaion in gaps. The eect ‘Areduction of about 20% in sparkover voltage was observed for spacings of 0.1 0100.3 Dfora 13em